Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i2.473
Falah Azizah Elmaria, S. N. A. Jenie
Natural silica has advantages in various fields such as catalysts, because it is easily obtained and applied in the chemical reaction process. The synthesis of natural silica-based magnetic acid catalyst, MSNP/SO42- aims to obtain a large yield from the reaction process between oleic acid and methanol to form methyl ester. Natural silica obtained from geothermal waste was washed with distilled water, then sol gel method was applied at pH of 4-6 to obtain SiO2 nanoparticles. FeCl3 was added to achieve the magnetic properties, and the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) is varied in order to attain optimal mesoporous size. Brunauer emmet teller (BET) results showed optimum results from 1: 2 molarity ratio between silica and CTAB with a surface area of 520.94 m2/g. The acidic properties were obtained by immersion using H2SO4 0.5 M. The catalyst were tested for the acidic and magnetic properties using temperature programmed desorption ammonia (TPD-NH3) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) characterization resulting intotal acidity of 0.2488 mmol/g and. softmagnetic type, respectively. The BET surface area of the sulfate modified into MSNP/SO42-, was decreased by 114.44 m2/g. Application of MSNP/SO42- as a catalyst for forming methyl esters obtained a percentage of 85.41% yield based on the gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC- MS) results.
{"title":"Magnetic Nanoparticles based on Natural Silica as a Methyl Ester Forming Acid Catalyst","authors":"Falah Azizah Elmaria, S. N. A. Jenie","doi":"10.14203/inajac.v23i2.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/inajac.v23i2.473","url":null,"abstract":"Natural silica has advantages in various fields such as catalysts, because it is easily obtained and applied in the chemical reaction process. The synthesis of natural silica-based magnetic acid catalyst, MSNP/SO42- aims to obtain a large yield from the reaction process between oleic acid and methanol to form methyl ester. Natural silica obtained from geothermal waste was washed with distilled water, then sol gel method was applied at pH of 4-6 to obtain SiO2 nanoparticles. FeCl3 was added to achieve the magnetic properties, and the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) is varied in order to attain optimal mesoporous size. Brunauer emmet teller (BET) results showed optimum results from 1: 2 molarity ratio between silica and CTAB with a surface area of 520.94 m2/g. The acidic properties were obtained by immersion using H2SO4 0.5 M. The catalyst were tested for the acidic and magnetic properties using temperature programmed desorption ammonia (TPD-NH3) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) characterization resulting intotal acidity of 0.2488 mmol/g and. softmagnetic type, respectively. The BET surface area of the sulfate modified into MSNP/SO42-, was decreased by 114.44 m2/g. Application of MSNP/SO42- as a catalyst for forming methyl esters obtained a percentage of 85.41% yield based on the gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC- MS) results.","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"231 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74027945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i2.480
Lia Meilawati, T. Ernawati, R. Dewi, M. Megawati, S. Sukirno
AbstractExtraction of ripened noni juice has been carried out using ethanol and water. The purpose of this study was to determine the total phenolic, total flavonoids, scopoletin, content and antioxidant activity of the ripened noni juice extract. The activity test was carried out on the ripened noni juice extract without and with the addition of ethanol and water solvent. The phytochemical assays of ethanol extract of the ripened noni juice showed that thetotal phenolic content was 3,94 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract, the total flavonoids was 0,59 mg quercetin equivalent /g extract, the IC50 antioxidant activity was 24,92 mg/L, scopoletin content was 2,45 mg/gram.Keywords : Antioxidant, flavonoids, phenolic, ripened noni juice, scopoletin
{"title":"Study of Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid, Scopoletin Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Extract of Ripened Noni Juice","authors":"Lia Meilawati, T. Ernawati, R. Dewi, M. Megawati, S. Sukirno","doi":"10.14203/inajac.v23i2.480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/inajac.v23i2.480","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractExtraction of ripened noni juice has been carried out using ethanol and water. The purpose of this study was to determine the total phenolic, total flavonoids, scopoletin, content and antioxidant activity of the ripened noni juice extract. The activity test was carried out on the ripened noni juice extract without and with the addition of ethanol and water solvent. The phytochemical assays of ethanol extract of the ripened noni juice showed that thetotal phenolic content was 3,94 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract, the total flavonoids was 0,59 mg quercetin equivalent /g extract, the IC50 antioxidant activity was 24,92 mg/L, scopoletin content was 2,45 mg/gram.Keywords : Antioxidant, flavonoids, phenolic, ripened noni juice, scopoletin","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85185604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i2.493
A. N. Lathifah, I. Nuryana
The exploration for a new cost-effective carbon source with shorter fermentation process for high yield BC production is still needed. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was synthesized by Acetobacter xylinum using overripe guava juice as a carbon source. The results showed that A. xylinum was able to grow on the overripe guava juice with different concentration and produced BC after two days incubation. In the later on, the BC is called as nata de guava. The overripe guava juice which containing reducing sugar content 23 g /L (substrate 100%) at pH 4 produced the thickest BC (1.267 cm). This study showed due to the high reducing sugar and protein contents in the overripe guava, without the addition of carbon and nitrogen from external sources, BC could be formed. Considering the huge disposal overripe guava fruit waste in Java, the present study provides an alternative methodology to synthesize BC. Besides, most importantly, this study provides a new insight to manage organic waste specifically from overripe guava fruit rather than the waste being thrown away and becoming organic waste generation. Keywords: bacterial cellulose, Acetobacter xylinum, overripe guava, organic waste
探索一种新的低成本的、发酵过程短的碳源以生产高产BC仍是需要的。本研究以过熟番石榴汁为碳源，利用木醋杆菌合成细菌纤维素(BC)。结果表明，木霉在不同浓度的过熟番石榴汁上均能生长，培养2天后产生BC。在后来，BC被称为nata de guava。pH值为4时，过熟番石榴汁中还原糖含量为23 g /L(底物为100%)，其BC最厚，为1.267 cm。本研究表明，由于过熟番石榴中还原糖和蛋白质含量较高，无需外源碳和氮的添加，也能形成BC。考虑到爪哇地区废弃的大量过熟番石榴果，本研究为合成BC提供了一种新的方法。此外，最重要的是，本研究为处理过熟番石榴的有机废物提供了新的思路，而不是将其丢弃成为有机废物。关键词:细菌纤维素，木醋杆菌，过熟番石榴，有机废物
{"title":"Bacterial Cellulose Production in The Overripe Guava Juice by Acetobacter xylinum as A Solution to Reduce Organic Waste","authors":"A. N. Lathifah, I. Nuryana","doi":"10.14203/inajac.v23i2.493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/inajac.v23i2.493","url":null,"abstract":"The exploration for a new cost-effective carbon source with shorter fermentation process for high yield BC production is still needed. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was synthesized by Acetobacter xylinum using overripe guava juice as a carbon source. The results showed that A. xylinum was able to grow on the overripe guava juice with different concentration and produced BC after two days incubation. In the later on, the BC is called as nata de guava. The overripe guava juice which containing reducing sugar content 23 g /L (substrate 100%) at pH 4 produced the thickest BC (1.267 cm). This study showed due to the high reducing sugar and protein contents in the overripe guava, without the addition of carbon and nitrogen from external sources, BC could be formed. Considering the huge disposal overripe guava fruit waste in Java, the present study provides an alternative methodology to synthesize BC. Besides, most importantly, this study provides a new insight to manage organic waste specifically from overripe guava fruit rather than the waste being thrown away and becoming organic waste generation. Keywords: bacterial cellulose, Acetobacter xylinum, overripe guava, organic waste","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84496790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i2.491
M. A. Munir, A. Inayatullah
Bovine and porcine are poultry meat that consumed worldwide particularly in Southeast Asia.Both of them are prone to food counterfeit owing to several factors such as price, appetite and Halal status. Sensitive and selective analytical methods are required to control meat products that distributed to markets. This paper studied the sensitivity between real – time and conventional PCR or known as qPCR and cPCR, respectively. Bovine and porcine were samples used to verify the sensitivity of them. Nevertheless, those instruments did not show a specific difference during DNA analysis of bovine and porcine. In conventional PCR, two pairs of DNA primers targeted cytochrome b (Cyt b) was analyzed, resulting of 120 and 131 amplicons, respectively. While qPCR applied to analyze porcine and bovine DNA. The detection limit of qPCR after porcine and bovine analysis were at 0.004 and 0.007 µg/µL, respectively. Results demonstrated the qPCR was reliable for verifying porcine and bovine DNA compared to conventional PCR. Furthermore, the study concluded that the developed assay can be easily employed for the identification of porcine and bovine tissue in food products in low resource areas.
{"title":"Comparison of real time PCR and conventional PCR by identifying genomic DNA of bovine and porcine","authors":"M. A. Munir, A. Inayatullah","doi":"10.14203/inajac.v23i2.491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/inajac.v23i2.491","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine and porcine are poultry meat that consumed worldwide particularly in Southeast Asia.Both of them are prone to food counterfeit owing to several factors such as price, appetite and Halal status. Sensitive and selective analytical methods are required to control meat products that distributed to markets. This paper studied the sensitivity between real – time and conventional PCR or known as qPCR and cPCR, respectively. Bovine and porcine were samples used to verify the sensitivity of them. Nevertheless, those instruments did not show a specific difference during DNA analysis of bovine and porcine. In conventional PCR, two pairs of DNA primers targeted cytochrome b (Cyt b) was analyzed, resulting of 120 and 131 amplicons, respectively. While qPCR applied to analyze porcine and bovine DNA. The detection limit of qPCR after porcine and bovine analysis were at 0.004 and 0.007 µg/µL, respectively. Results demonstrated the qPCR was reliable for verifying porcine and bovine DNA compared to conventional PCR. Furthermore, the study concluded that the developed assay can be easily employed for the identification of porcine and bovine tissue in food products in low resource areas.","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"252 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75851693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i2.508
J. Abbas, M. Minarti, N. Artanti
{"title":"Antioxidant and antidiabetes activity from the fruit shell of Calophyllum inophyllum","authors":"J. Abbas, M. Minarti, N. Artanti","doi":"10.14203/inajac.v23i2.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/inajac.v23i2.508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84926256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phenol is toxic organic compounds that harmful to humans, mammals, and disrupt the aquatic environment, especially higher-organisms in fresh-water environment. The biodegradation method using bacteria to degrade hazardous chemical and detoxify wastewater is an effective and efficient method. Bacillus cereus IrC2 isolated from sludge in an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Rungkut – East Java, Indonesia has been examined for the ability to degrade phenols in minimal salt medium. Bacillus cereus IrC2 is Gram-positive bacterium. This bacterium is motile, rod-shaped and its nucleotides sequence of 16S rRNA gene has been sequenced and can be accessed in GenBank with accession number MK511840. Bacillus cereus IrC2 is capable to use phenol up to 400 ppm as the sole carbon source to grow for 48 hours incubation. Phenol degrades 96% from initial concentration. Degradation of phenol was calculated by colorimetric method using 4-aminoantipyrine reagent and confirmed by GC MS analysis. The aerobic degradation of phenol pathways consists of three steps; in the first step, two hydroxyl groups are inserted into aromatic ring and catalyzed by mono or dioxygenase to produce dihydroxy aromatic compounds which are mostly catechols. Catechol enters the next step of aromatic ring cleavage catalyzed by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and/or catechol 2,3- dioxygenase. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene of Bacillus cereus IrC2 has been amplified by PCR and cloned into pTA2 vector. The cloned plasmid (pTA2-catE) was transformed into E. coli DH5α and selected blue-white colonies. The insert sequence was determined by Sanger deoxy sequencing method. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene nucleotides sequence of Bacillus cereus IrC2 was submitted nto GenBank with accession number MK561609.
{"title":"Phenol Biodegradation and Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase Gene Sequencing of Bacillus cereus IrC2 isolated from Rungkut Indonesia","authors":"C. Tahya, Wahyu Irawati, F. Purba","doi":"10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.415","url":null,"abstract":"Phenol is toxic organic compounds that harmful to humans, mammals, and disrupt the aquatic environment, especially higher-organisms in fresh-water environment. The biodegradation method using bacteria to degrade hazardous chemical and detoxify wastewater is an effective and efficient method. Bacillus cereus IrC2 isolated from sludge in an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Rungkut – East Java, Indonesia has been examined for the ability to degrade phenols in minimal salt medium. Bacillus cereus IrC2 is Gram-positive bacterium. This bacterium is motile, rod-shaped and its nucleotides sequence of 16S rRNA gene has been sequenced and can be accessed in GenBank with accession number MK511840. Bacillus cereus IrC2 is capable to use phenol up to 400 ppm as the sole carbon source to grow for 48 hours incubation. Phenol degrades 96% from initial concentration. Degradation of phenol was calculated by colorimetric method using 4-aminoantipyrine reagent and confirmed by GC MS analysis. The aerobic degradation of phenol pathways consists of three steps; in the first step, two hydroxyl groups are inserted into aromatic ring and catalyzed by mono or dioxygenase to produce dihydroxy aromatic compounds which are mostly catechols. Catechol enters the next step of aromatic ring cleavage catalyzed by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and/or catechol 2,3- dioxygenase. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene of Bacillus cereus IrC2 has been amplified by PCR and cloned into pTA2 vector. The cloned plasmid (pTA2-catE) was transformed into E. coli DH5α and selected blue-white colonies. The insert sequence was determined by Sanger deoxy sequencing method. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene nucleotides sequence of Bacillus cereus IrC2 was submitted nto GenBank with accession number MK561609.","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83935113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Khusniati, Nanda Sabbaha Nur Kasfillah, Vilya Syafriana, Resti Sofia Zahara, P. Citroreksoko, Sulistiani Sulistiani, T. Anindyawati
Protease hidrolyzed protein in flour in order to more digest by human ulcer. Lactobacillus plantarum B110 and Lactobacillus satsumensis are indigenous lactic acid bacteria that produce protease. The objective of this research is to characterization of protease crude extract from indigenous lactic acid bacteria and the protein degradation capacity in local tuber and cereal paste flour. Tuber and cereal flour used were purple sweet potato (Dioscorea alata), cassava (Manihot esculenta), rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum) as comparison. Proteaseactivity was tested by Horikoshi method (1971) and protein degradation was by formol titration. Research results showed that optimum activities and stabilities of Lactobacillus plantarum B110 were at pH: 7.5, 45oC and pH:5.0-8.0, 35-50oC, while that L. satsumensis EN 38-32 were at pH: 7.0, 40oC and pH:6.0-8.0, 20-45oC. Increases in protein degradation capacity of the paste flour additional proteases crude extract from L. plantarum B110 were 0.0838% (purple sweat potato), 1.3299% (cassava), 0.5834% (corn), 0.7499% (rice) and 1.5551% (wheat as comparison); while that L. satsumensis EN 38-32 were 0.20% (purple sweet potato), 0.32% (cassava), 0.87% (corn), 1.17% (rice). Based on increases in protein degradation capacity, protease crude extract from L. plantarum B110 and L. satsumensis EN 38- 32 were sequently better to hidrolyze protein of cassava and rice paste flour than thatother tuber and cereal.
蛋白酶水解面粉中的蛋白质，使其更容易被人体溃疡消化。植物乳杆菌B110和腊味乳杆菌是产生蛋白酶的本土乳酸菌。本研究的目的是表征本地乳酸菌蛋白酶粗提物及其在本地块茎和谷物糊粉中的蛋白质降解能力。作为比较，使用的块茎和谷类面粉是紫甘薯(Dioscorea alata)、木薯(Manihot esculenta)、水稻(Oryza sativa)、玉米(Zea mays)和小麦(Triticum)。用Horikoshi法(1971)测定蛋白酶活性，用福尔摩尔滴定法测定蛋白酶降解。研究结果表明，植物乳杆菌B110在pH: 7.5、45℃和pH:5.0 ~ 8.0、35 ~ 50℃时活性和稳定性最佳，而L. satsumensis EN 38 ~ 32在pH: 7.0、40℃和pH:6.0 ~ 8.0、20 ~ 45℃时活性和稳定性最佳。浆糊粉添加蛋白酶B110粗提物对蛋白质降解能力的提高幅度分别为0.0838%(紫汗薯)、1.3299%(木薯)、0.5834%(玉米)、0.7499%(水稻)和1.5551%(小麦);L. satsumensis EN 38 ~ 32分别为紫薯0.20%、木薯0.32%、玉米0.87%、水稻1.17%。从蛋白质降解能力来看，植物L. B110蛋白酶粗提物和L. satsumensis EN 38- 32蛋白酶粗提物对木薯和米糊粉蛋白的水解能力依次优于其他块茎和谷类。
{"title":"Characterization of Protease Crude Extract from Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria and the Protein Degradation Capacity in Local Tuber and Cereal Paste Flour","authors":"T. Khusniati, Nanda Sabbaha Nur Kasfillah, Vilya Syafriana, Resti Sofia Zahara, P. Citroreksoko, Sulistiani Sulistiani, T. Anindyawati","doi":"10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.419","url":null,"abstract":"Protease hidrolyzed protein in flour in order to more digest by human ulcer. Lactobacillus plantarum B110 and Lactobacillus satsumensis are indigenous lactic acid bacteria that produce protease. The objective of this research is to characterization of protease crude extract from indigenous lactic acid bacteria and the protein degradation capacity in local tuber and cereal paste flour. Tuber and cereal flour used were purple sweet potato (Dioscorea alata), cassava (Manihot esculenta), rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum) as comparison. Proteaseactivity was tested by Horikoshi method (1971) and protein degradation was by formol titration. Research results showed that optimum activities and stabilities of Lactobacillus plantarum B110 were at pH: 7.5, 45oC and pH:5.0-8.0, 35-50oC, while that L. satsumensis EN 38-32 were at pH: 7.0, 40oC and pH:6.0-8.0, 20-45oC. Increases in protein degradation capacity of the paste flour additional proteases crude extract from L. plantarum B110 were 0.0838% (purple sweat potato), 1.3299% (cassava), 0.5834% (corn), 0.7499% (rice) and 1.5551% (wheat as comparison); while that L. satsumensis EN 38-32 were 0.20% (purple sweet potato), 0.32% (cassava), 0.87% (corn), 1.17% (rice). Based on increases in protein degradation capacity, protease crude extract from L. plantarum B110 and L. satsumensis EN 38- 32 were sequently better to hidrolyze protein of cassava and rice paste flour than thatother tuber and cereal.","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83181049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Septevani, D. Burhani, Y. Sampora, Y. A. Devy, Gita Novi Ariani, S. Sudirman, D. Sondari, K. N. Mohd Amin
Nanocellulose has been known as promising reinforcing material in various polymer based product resulted to remarkable improvement in mechanical and thermal properties. Hence, studies to date have developed and explored various sources of biomass to produce nanocellulose. The aims of this study are to synthesize and fully characterize nanocellulose obtained from abundantly available oil palm empty fruit bunches via two different methods which are strong (H2SO4) and mild acid (H3PO4) hydrolysis at 50 °C for 3.5 hours. Based on the morphological study using Transmission Electron Microscopy, rod like nanocellulose was obtained using strong acid hydrolysis while mild acid hydrolysis produced long filament shape. X-Ray diffraction analysis showed that the degree crystallinity of nanocellulose produced from strong acid hydrolysis was higher which is 96% than that of mild acid hydrolysis recorded with 86%. While the sulphuric acid hydrolysis usually produces lower thermal stability than that of other types acid hydrolysis, surprisingly, in this study, the thermal stability of nanocellulose from strong acid hydrolysis was relatively similar to mild acid hydrolysis due to the formation of single crystal structure affording unique characteristic of the obtained nanocellulose.
{"title":"The Effect of Acid Hydrolysis Treatment on the Production of Nanocellulose Based on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches","authors":"A. A. Septevani, D. Burhani, Y. Sampora, Y. A. Devy, Gita Novi Ariani, S. Sudirman, D. Sondari, K. N. Mohd Amin","doi":"10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.416","url":null,"abstract":"Nanocellulose has been known as promising reinforcing material in various polymer based product resulted to remarkable improvement in mechanical and thermal properties. Hence, studies to date have developed and explored various sources of biomass to produce nanocellulose. The aims of this study are to synthesize and fully characterize nanocellulose obtained from abundantly available oil palm empty fruit bunches via two different methods which are strong (H2SO4) and mild acid (H3PO4) hydrolysis at 50 °C for 3.5 hours. Based on the morphological study using Transmission Electron Microscopy, rod like nanocellulose was obtained using strong acid hydrolysis while mild acid hydrolysis produced long filament shape. X-Ray diffraction analysis showed that the degree crystallinity of nanocellulose produced from strong acid hydrolysis was higher which is 96% than that of mild acid hydrolysis recorded with 86%. While the sulphuric acid hydrolysis usually produces lower thermal stability than that of other types acid hydrolysis, surprisingly, in this study, the thermal stability of nanocellulose from strong acid hydrolysis was relatively similar to mild acid hydrolysis due to the formation of single crystal structure affording unique characteristic of the obtained nanocellulose.","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86441761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fikri Aziz Shalahuddin, Sera Serinda Almekahdinah, A. Nandiyanto
The economic evaluation is one of the key points in building chemical industries. This paper presented a preliminary economic evaluation of the large scale production of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using the sol-gel method, which is very useful for helping decision whether the fabrication of this material profitable or not. Particularly, the study was done by changing the cost of raw material, which was compared to several economic parameters such as GPM, PBP, and CNPV. The result showed that the project was profitable by increasing raw material cost below 100% from the estimated raw material cost, informing the fact for the prospective fabrication for fulfilling the demand of ZnO nanoparticles.
{"title":"Preliminary Economic Study on the Production of ZnO Nanoparticles Using a Sol-Gel Synthesis Method","authors":"Fikri Aziz Shalahuddin, Sera Serinda Almekahdinah, A. Nandiyanto","doi":"10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.407","url":null,"abstract":"The economic evaluation is one of the key points in building chemical industries. This paper presented a preliminary economic evaluation of the large scale production of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using the sol-gel method, which is very useful for helping decision whether the fabrication of this material profitable or not. Particularly, the study was done by changing the cost of raw material, which was compared to several economic parameters such as GPM, PBP, and CNPV. The result showed that the project was profitable by increasing raw material cost below 100% from the estimated raw material cost, informing the fact for the prospective fabrication for fulfilling the demand of ZnO nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83414245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nugroho, A. Sumarno, Luna Ngeljaratan, D. Zulfiana, N. P. R. A. Krishanti, Triastutil Triastutil, E. Widodo
Karst regions in Indonesia have the uniqueness of the landscape and biodiversity. The karst is formed by the dissolution of rocks and the precipitation of mineral. In the cave, there are ornaments of stalactite and stalagmite which are formed by the process of mineral precipitation. We have isolated, screened, and identified the soil bacterium from the cave environment (Lysinibacillus macroides). These bacteria are able to precipitate calcium carbonate and can be developed as a self-healing agent concrete. We investigated the proportions and the properties of mixtures concrete containing lightweight aggregate and volcanic ash impregnated with bacteria. A comparison study was made by concrete cylinders subjected to compressive strength tests with and without the bacteria. It found that the strength of concrete with bacteria decreased by less than 10.56% for 28 days of cured specimens. This study showed that the effects of bacteria on the strength of concrete are not considerable. However, these bacteria are effective to repair in the microcrack less than 0.3 mm
{"title":"Self-Healing Concrete Using Bacteria Calcification from Karst Cave Environment","authors":"A. Nugroho, A. Sumarno, Luna Ngeljaratan, D. Zulfiana, N. P. R. A. Krishanti, Triastutil Triastutil, E. Widodo","doi":"10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/JKTI.V21I1.411","url":null,"abstract":"Karst regions in Indonesia have the uniqueness of the landscape and biodiversity. The karst is formed by the dissolution of rocks and the precipitation of mineral. In the cave, there are ornaments of stalactite and stalagmite which are formed by the process of mineral precipitation. We have isolated, screened, and identified the soil bacterium from the cave environment (Lysinibacillus macroides). These bacteria are able to precipitate calcium carbonate and can be developed as a self-healing agent concrete. We investigated the proportions and the properties of mixtures concrete containing lightweight aggregate and volcanic ash impregnated with bacteria. A comparison study was made by concrete cylinders subjected to compressive strength tests with and without the bacteria. It found that the strength of concrete with bacteria decreased by less than 10.56% for 28 days of cured specimens. This study showed that the effects of bacteria on the strength of concrete are not considerable. However, these bacteria are effective to repair in the microcrack less than 0.3 mm","PeriodicalId":17694,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74177444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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