Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.29244/jstsv.12.1.66-73
T. U. Sujarnoko, D. Firmansyah
This study aimed to observe effect of tannin from chestnut extract on the immune system of rats. Tannin in chestnut easily hydrolyzed into sugar and phenol groups, this is very different with largely tannin from other plants which are more condensed. The phenol group in chestnut tannins increased the rat immune, because it is capable of being an antioxidant and antibacterial in the digestive and blood metabolism of rats. In this observation used 8 male adult rats with age more than 90 days. The first treatment is rat feeder without chesnut extract and the second treatment is rat feeder with 0.25% chestnut extract from dry matter of feed. This research was being tested with independent T-test method with 4 replication. The results of the study that the addition of 0.25% chestnut extract from dry matter had no effect on consumption and increased body weight, increased cell capacity of rats p<0.05, there was an increase in active cells p<0.01, and increased bacterial mortality of Salmonella pullorum in the blood test. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengamati pengaruh pemberian tanin dari ekstrak chesnut terhadap daya tahan tubuh tikus. Tanin pada chesnut merupakan senyawa yang mudah terhidrolisis menjadi gugus gula dan fenol, hal ini sangat berbeda dengan tanin pada beberapa tumbuhan yang lebih bersifat terkondensasi. Gugus fenol pada tanin chesnut diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh tikus, karena mampu menjadi antioksidan dan antibakteri di dalam metabolisme pencernaan dan darah tikus. Pengamatan pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada 8 ekor tikus dewasa dengan umur lebih dari 90 hari yang diberi perlakuan berbeda. Perlakuan pertama adalah pemberian pakan tanpa ekstrak tanin chesnut dan perlakuan kedua adalah tikus dengan pakan yang ditambah ekstrak tanin chesnut sebanyak 0,25% dari bahan kering pakan. Rancangan analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji T independent dengan 4 ulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Hasil penelitian penambahan 0,25% ekstrak chesnut dari bahan kering tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi dan peningkatan bobot ternak, kapasitas sel tikus meningkat p<0,05, terjadi penambahan sel aktif p<0,01, dan meningkatnya kematian baketri Salmonella pullorum pada uji darah tikus yang dilakukan uji tantang.
本研究旨在观察板栗提取物鞣质对大鼠免疫系统的影响。栗子中的单宁很容易水解成糖和酚基团，这与其他植物中的单宁大部分是浓缩的很不一样。栗子单宁中的酚群提高了大鼠的免疫力，因为它在大鼠的消化和血液代谢中具有抗氧化剂和抗菌作用。本实验采用8只年龄在90天以上的雄性成年大鼠。第1组饲喂不含板栗提取物的大鼠饲料，第2组饲喂添加饲料干物质中0.25%板栗提取物的大鼠饲料。本研究采用4个重复的独立t检验方法进行检验。结果表明:添加0.25%板栗干物质提取物对食用量无影响，对大鼠体重增加无影响，对大鼠细胞容量增加p<0.05，活性细胞增加p<0.01，血检白痢沙门氏菌死亡率增加。【摘要】penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati pengaruh pemberian tanin dari ekstrak chestnut terhadap daya tahan tubuh tikus。Tanin pada chesnut merupakan senyawa yang mudah terhidrolis menjadi gugus gula dan fenol, halini sangat berbeda dengan Tanin pada beberapa tumbuhan yang lebih bersifat terkondensasi。Gugus fenol pada tanin chesnut diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh tikus, karena mampu menjadi antioksidan an antibakteri di dalam metabolisme pencernaan dan darah tikus。蓬马丹padpadpenelitian ini dilakukan padpad8 ekor tikus dewasa dengan umur lebih dari 90 hari yang diberi perlakuan berbeda。Perlakuan pertamama adalah pemberian pakan tanpa ekstrak tanin栗子danperlakuan kedua adalah tikus dengan pakan yang ditambah ekstrak tanin栗子sebanyak 0.25% dari bahan kering pakan。兰干干分析:内蒙古自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区自治区。Hasil penelitian penambahan 0,25% ekstrak栗子dari bahan kering tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi dan peningkatan bobot ternak, kapasitas sel tikus meningkat p< 0.05, terjadi penambahan sel aktif p< 0.01，但脑膜炎katya kematian baketri沙门氏菌paada uji darah tikus yang dilakukan uji tantang。
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This article discusses the study of supply chain performance after being measured using Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) analysis by looking at variables that have very low values contained in the performance assessment of each variable. The low value affects supply chain performance when viewed in general terms. From the data obtained, the analysis was carried out using several tools, such as Fishbone Diagram, Root Cause Analysis, and Value Stream Mapping (VSM). In assessing supply chain performance, the results of the assessment from the SCOR analysis were used to determine the part of the activity that has a low value in this case; the activity is the length of cycle time for storing finished goods in the warehouse. The root of the problem from the average length of the cycle of storage of finished goods in the warehouse shows that it occurs because the layout of the storage of goods was not well regulated. Therefore, it was necessary to improve the layout of the finished goods storage warehouse and implement technical procedures for taking goods. The results of this study are improvements that need to be implemented, so that the cycle of storing goods in the warehouse is not too long and the value of goods storage performance on SCOR to become increase. ABSTRAKArtikel ini membahas tentang studi kinerja rantai pasok setelah diukur menggunakan Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) analisis dengan melihat variabel yang memiliki nilai sangat rendah yaitu 0 yang terdapat dari penilaian kinerja setiap variabel. Rendahnya nilai tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kinerja rantai pasok ketika dilihat secara garis besar. Dari data yang diperoleh, analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa tools yaitu Diagram Fishbone, analisis akar penyebab, dan Value Stream Mapping (VSM). Dalam melakukan penilaian kinerja rantai pasok, hasil penilaian dari analisis SCOR digunakan untuk mengetahui bagian bagian aktifitas yang memiliki nilai rendah dalam hal ini yaitu lamanya waktu siklus penyimpanan barang jadi di gudang. Akar masalah dari lamanya waktu rata-rata siklus penyimpanan barang jadi di gudang menunjukan bahwa terjadi karena tata letak penyimpanan barang tidak diatur dengan baik. Oleh karena itu perlu perbaikan tata letak gudang penyimpanan barang jadi dan menerapkan prosedur teknis pengambilan barang. Hasil dari studi ini yaitu perbaikan yang perlu diterapkan agar siklus penyimpanan barang di gudang tidak terlalu lama sehingga nilai kinerja penyimpanan barang pada SCOR dapat meningkat.
本文通过查看每个变量的绩效评估中包含的非常低的值的变量，讨论了使用供应链操作参考(SCOR)分析测量供应链绩效后的研究。从总体上看，低价值会影响供应链的绩效。根据获得的数据，使用多种工具进行分析，如鱼骨图、根本原因分析和价值流图(VSM)。在评估供应链绩效时，使用SCOR分析的评估结果来确定在这种情况下具有低价值的活动部分;活动是指在仓库中储存成品的周期时间的长度。从产成品在仓库的平均存放周期长度来看，问题的根源是由于货物的存放布局没有得到很好的规范。因此，有必要改进成品仓库的布局，并实施取货的技术程序。本研究的结果是需要实施的改进，使仓库中货物的储存周期不会太长，货物储存绩效在SCOR上的价值变得更高。摘要:本文对供应链运行参考(SCOR)进行了分析，并对供应链运行参考(SCOR)进行了分析，分析了供应链运行参考(SCOR)变量、供应链运行参考(SCOR)变量、供应链运行参考(SCOR)变量、供应链运行参考(SCOR)变量、供应链运行参考(SCOR)变量、供应链运行参考(SCOR)变量和供应链运行参考(SCOR)变量。Rendahnya nilai tersei，但berpengaru, terhadap, kinerja, rantai, pasok, ketika, diilika, secara, garis, besar。达里数据杨二佩罗莱，分析迪拉库坎登坎蒙古纳坎伯拉帕工具鱼骨图，分析阿卡佩耶巴，丹价值流映射(VSM)。这句话的意思是:“我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说。”Akar masalah dari lamanya waktu rata-rata -rata siklus penyimpanan barang jadi di gudang menunjukan bawa terjadi karena tatak penyimpanan barang diatur dengan baik。Oleh karena itu perlu perbaikan tata letak gudang penyimpanan barang jadi danmenerapkan检察官teknis pengambilan barang。Hasil dari studini yitu perbaikan yang perlu diiterapkan agar siklus penyimpanan barang di guudang tidak teralu lama seingerja penyimpanan barang pador dapat meningkat。
{"title":"STUDI KINERJA LOGISTIK DAN RANTAI PASOK DI PT X BOGOR, JAWA BARAT","authors":"Suhendi Irawan, Syifa Naf'atul Husna, Muthia Hafni","doi":"10.29244/jstsv.12.1.81-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jstsv.12.1.81-90","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the study of supply chain performance after being measured using Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) analysis by looking at variables that have very low values contained in the performance assessment of each variable. The low value affects supply chain performance when viewed in general terms. From the data obtained, the analysis was carried out using several tools, such as Fishbone Diagram, Root Cause Analysis, and Value Stream Mapping (VSM). In assessing supply chain performance, the results of the assessment from the SCOR analysis were used to determine the part of the activity that has a low value in this case; the activity is the length of cycle time for storing finished goods in the warehouse. The root of the problem from the average length of the cycle of storage of finished goods in the warehouse shows that it occurs because the layout of the storage of goods was not well regulated. Therefore, it was necessary to improve the layout of the finished goods storage warehouse and implement technical procedures for taking goods. The results of this study are improvements that need to be implemented, so that the cycle of storing goods in the warehouse is not too long and the value of goods storage performance on SCOR to become increase. \u0000ABSTRAKArtikel ini membahas tentang studi kinerja rantai pasok setelah diukur menggunakan Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) analisis dengan melihat variabel yang memiliki nilai sangat rendah yaitu 0 yang terdapat dari penilaian kinerja setiap variabel. Rendahnya nilai tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kinerja rantai pasok ketika dilihat secara garis besar. Dari data yang diperoleh, analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa tools yaitu Diagram Fishbone, analisis akar penyebab, dan Value Stream Mapping (VSM). Dalam melakukan penilaian kinerja rantai pasok, hasil penilaian dari analisis SCOR digunakan untuk mengetahui bagian bagian aktifitas yang memiliki nilai rendah dalam hal ini yaitu lamanya waktu siklus penyimpanan barang jadi di gudang. Akar masalah dari lamanya waktu rata-rata siklus penyimpanan barang jadi di gudang menunjukan bahwa terjadi karena tata letak penyimpanan barang tidak diatur dengan baik. Oleh karena itu perlu perbaikan tata letak gudang penyimpanan barang jadi dan menerapkan prosedur teknis pengambilan barang. Hasil dari studi ini yaitu perbaikan yang perlu diterapkan agar siklus penyimpanan barang di gudang tidak terlalu lama sehingga nilai kinerja penyimpanan barang pada SCOR dapat meningkat.","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91539697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.11712
Fahrina Kasuma Wati, Siti Hasnah
Sungkai (P. canescens) is a medicinal plant whose leaves are used to alleviate fever and strengthen the body's immune system. This study aimed to determine the effect of the simplicia drying technique on the antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves from Kalimantan. The drying method employed was oven drying at 70°C, oven drying at 50°C, sun drying, and wind drying. The study's findings indicated that the antioxidant activity of all drying techniques was in the very active category. The drying method with the lowest antioxidant potential was oven drying at 50°C with IC50 value of 13.340 ppm, wind drying with IC50 value of 14.610 ppm, sun drying with IC50 value of 16.799ppm, and oven drying at 70°C with IC50 value of 17.034 ppm. Keywords: Sungkai leaf ; IC50; antioxidant
{"title":"The Effect of Drying Method on Potential Antioxidants in Ethanol Extract of Sungkai Leaf (Parenoma Canescens Jack.) Simplicia from Kalimantan","authors":"Fahrina Kasuma Wati, Siti Hasnah","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.11712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.11712","url":null,"abstract":"Sungkai (P. canescens) is a medicinal plant whose leaves are used to alleviate fever and strengthen the body's immune system. This study aimed to determine the effect of the simplicia drying technique on the antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves from Kalimantan. The drying method employed was oven drying at 70°C, oven drying at 50°C, sun drying, and wind drying. The study's findings indicated that the antioxidant activity of all drying techniques was in the very active category. The drying method with the lowest antioxidant potential was oven drying at 50°C with IC50 value of 13.340 ppm, wind drying with IC50 value of 14.610 ppm, sun drying with IC50 value of 16.799ppm, and oven drying at 70°C with IC50 value of 17.034 ppm. Keywords: Sungkai leaf ; IC50; antioxidant","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85807849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12100
Roy Darus
This study aimed to determine the adsorbent characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal (Coffea Sp.), optimum adsorption contact time, and differences in the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption and without adsorption. The characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal were determined by FTIR and SAA. FTIR characterization showed that activated coffee grounds charcoal contained functional groups of O-H, Csp2-H, Csp3-H, C-H2 methylene, C-O, and C=C-H. Characterization with SAA showed that the surface area of activated charcoal was 27.70 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.02 ml/g and an adsorption pore size of 1.63 nm. The optimum contact time of the adsorbent in the adsorption of impurities in the palm sap was 60 minutes. The siwalan liquid sugar, which went through adsorption, had a reducing sugar content of 6.70%, and the one without adsorption was 10.18%. While the ash content of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption was 4.73%, and without adsorption was 6.5%. This value indicates that the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption is higher than that which does not go through the adsorption stage. Keywords: adsorption, activated charcoal, siwalan liquid sugar
{"title":"The Effect of Activated Charcoal Coffee Grounds (Coffea Sp.) as an Adsorbent on the Quality of the Liquid Sugar of Siwalan","authors":"Roy Darus","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12100","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the adsorbent characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal (Coffea Sp.), optimum adsorption contact time, and differences in the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption and without adsorption. The characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal were determined by FTIR and SAA. FTIR characterization showed that activated coffee grounds charcoal contained functional groups of O-H, Csp2-H, Csp3-H, C-H2 methylene, C-O, and C=C-H. Characterization with SAA showed that the surface area of activated charcoal was 27.70 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.02 ml/g and an adsorption pore size of 1.63 nm. The optimum contact time of the adsorbent in the adsorption of impurities in the palm sap was 60 minutes. The siwalan liquid sugar, which went through adsorption, had a reducing sugar content of 6.70%, and the one without adsorption was 10.18%. While the ash content of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption was 4.73%, and without adsorption was 6.5%. This value indicates that the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption is higher than that which does not go through the adsorption stage. Keywords: adsorption, activated charcoal, siwalan liquid sugar","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72777565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12377
V. M. Ati
The study was conducted to determine the potential use of Moringa leaf flavonoids as biolarvicides in suppressing the growth of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with six flavonoid treatments including P0 (0 ppm flavonoids as a negative control), P1 (12.5 ppm flavonoids), P2 (25 ppm flavonoids), P3 (50 ppm flavonoids), P4 ( flavonoids 75 ppm), and P5 (flavonoids 100 ppm). Each treatment was repeated three times. The results of the analysis of diversity (Anova) revealed that Moringa leaf flavonoids had a very significant effect (P = 0.000) on the mortality of A. aegypti mosquito larvae. The administration of 50 ppm flavonoids of Moringa leaf extract caused the mortality of A. aegypti larvae to reach 95%, and at a concentration of 75 ppm, it increased the mortality percentage to 100%. The results of the probit analysis showed that the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) was achieved at a concentration of 7.96 ppm with exposure for 24 hours, while the lethal concentration-time 50 (LT50) at a concentration of 75 ppm was achieved in a shorter time (2.08 hours). Keywords: flavonoids, moringa leaf, Aedes aegypti, biolarvacide
{"title":"Moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L) flavonoids utilization in suppressing growth of Aedes aegypti larvae","authors":"V. M. Ati","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12377","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine the potential use of Moringa leaf flavonoids as biolarvicides in suppressing the growth of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with six flavonoid treatments including P0 (0 ppm flavonoids as a negative control), P1 (12.5 ppm flavonoids), P2 (25 ppm flavonoids), P3 (50 ppm flavonoids), P4 ( flavonoids 75 ppm), and P5 (flavonoids 100 ppm). Each treatment was repeated three times. The results of the analysis of diversity (Anova) revealed that Moringa leaf flavonoids had a very significant effect (P = 0.000) on the mortality of A. aegypti mosquito larvae. The administration of 50 ppm flavonoids of Moringa leaf extract caused the mortality of A. aegypti larvae to reach 95%, and at a concentration of 75 ppm, it increased the mortality percentage to 100%. The results of the probit analysis showed that the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) was achieved at a concentration of 7.96 ppm with exposure for 24 hours, while the lethal concentration-time 50 (LT50) at a concentration of 75 ppm was achieved in a shorter time (2.08 hours). Keywords: flavonoids, moringa leaf, Aedes aegypti, biolarvacide","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83213799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12087
Seniman Gempur Tirani, S. Sunardi
The modified sago frond waste (PSM) using the Fast Microwave-Assisted Acid method, which has several characteristic changes, was tested to determine its adsorption ability to a cationic textile dye. PSM samples as adsorbents have variations in the modification of oxalic acid addition at 0; 1,5; 3,0 and 4,5% (w/v) were used for the adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) dye on several parameters. This study was conducted to determine the adsorption kinetics through the effect of the ratio of the adsorbent and the contact time and the acid variation of the adsorbent as additional variables. Optimum MB absorption was obtained at a ratio of 0,6 g/L and a contact time of 120 minutes. The data results were analyzed using four general kinetic models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion, and Elovich equation. Adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order reaction rate with a coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9996-0.9999 in all variations of PSM. The theoretical adsorption capacity was 25.58 to 27.32 mg/g, and the effect of increasing acid on PSM increased the adsorption and absorption capacity of MB. Keywords: sago frond waste, adsorption, kinetic models, methylene blue.
{"title":"Study on Adsorption Kinetics of Methylene Blue by Modified Sago Frond Waste","authors":"Seniman Gempur Tirani, S. Sunardi","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12087","url":null,"abstract":"The modified sago frond waste (PSM) using the Fast Microwave-Assisted Acid method, which has several characteristic changes, was tested to determine its adsorption ability to a cationic textile dye. PSM samples as adsorbents have variations in the modification of oxalic acid addition at 0; 1,5; 3,0 and 4,5% (w/v) were used for the adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) dye on several parameters. This study was conducted to determine the adsorption kinetics through the effect of the ratio of the adsorbent and the contact time and the acid variation of the adsorbent as additional variables. Optimum MB absorption was obtained at a ratio of 0,6 g/L and a contact time of 120 minutes. The data results were analyzed using four general kinetic models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion, and Elovich equation. Adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order reaction rate with a coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9996-0.9999 in all variations of PSM. The theoretical adsorption capacity was 25.58 to 27.32 mg/g, and the effect of increasing acid on PSM increased the adsorption and absorption capacity of MB. Keywords: sago frond waste, adsorption, kinetic models, methylene blue.","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81674793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.11404
S. M. D. Kolo
In this study, the production of bioethanol from sorghum bagasse was carried out to understand the surface morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the effect of hydrolysis time using a microwave, and the concentration of inoculum on the ethanol content produced. A total of 10 grams of sorghum bagasse was suspended with 250 mL of 2% H2SO4 solution and then heated using a microwave at a temperature of 150ºC with variations in heating time of 20, 30,40, and 50 minutes. The heated hydrolyzate was analyzed for reducing sugar content using UV-Vis. The morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis was analyzed using SEM and quantitative analysis of fermented ethanol using a pycnometer and GC. The results showed that there were differences in the surface of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the highest reducing sugar content was obtained at 30 minutes of hydrolysis, which was 30.4 g/L, and the highest concentration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 8% which resulted in 5.325% ethanol content using a pycnometer and 9.05% using GC. Keywords: Sorghum bagasse, Hydrolysis, Microwave, Bioethanol
本研究以高粱甘蔗渣为原料，对其水解前后的表面形貌、微波水解时间、接种量对乙醇含量的影响进行了研究。将10 g高粱甘蔗渣与250 mL 2% H2SO4溶液悬浮，然后在150℃的温度下用微波炉加热，加热时间分别为20、30、40和50分钟。用紫外-可见光谱分析了加热水解产物的还原糖含量。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了高粱甘蔗渣水解前后的形貌，并利用体积计和气相色谱(GC)对发酵乙醇进行了定量分析。结果表明，水解前后高粱甘蔗渣的表面形貌存在差异，水解30 min时还原糖含量最高，为30.4 g/L，酿酒酵母浓度最高，为8%，用浓度计测定乙醇含量为5.325%，气相色谱测定乙醇含量为9.05%。关键词:高粱甘蔗渣，水解，微波，生物乙醇
{"title":"The Effect of Hydrolysis Time Using Microwave on Bioethanol Production from Sorghum Waste (Sorghum Bicolor L.)","authors":"S. M. D. Kolo","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.11404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.11404","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the production of bioethanol from sorghum bagasse was carried out to understand the surface morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the effect of hydrolysis time using a microwave, and the concentration of inoculum on the ethanol content produced. A total of 10 grams of sorghum bagasse was suspended with 250 mL of 2% H2SO4 solution and then heated using a microwave at a temperature of 150ºC with variations in heating time of 20, 30,40, and 50 minutes. The heated hydrolyzate was analyzed for reducing sugar content using UV-Vis. The morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis was analyzed using SEM and quantitative analysis of fermented ethanol using a pycnometer and GC. The results showed that there were differences in the surface of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the highest reducing sugar content was obtained at 30 minutes of hydrolysis, which was 30.4 g/L, and the highest concentration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 8% which resulted in 5.325% ethanol content using a pycnometer and 9.05% using GC. Keywords: Sorghum bagasse, Hydrolysis, Microwave, Bioethanol","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85111410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12160
M. Astuti, L. Fauzi, K. Mustikasari
This study aimed to isolate and characterize compounds from the distillation residue of cinnamon oil from Loksado, South Kalimantan. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) distillation residue was extracted with methanol as solvent. The methanol extract was fractionated by liquid vacuum chromatography to obtain fractions A, B, C, and D. The crystals contained in fraction C were washed with cold n-hexane to obtain 5.4 mg of yellow isolate (FC1). FC1 isolates were characterized by UV-Vis, IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectrophotometers. UV spectra showed a maximum wavelength at 307, 316, and 321 nm indicating the presence of a conjugated or aromatic system. The infrared spectra showed -C=O, -OH, C-O, C-H, C-N, and C=N groups. The 1H-NMR spectra showed the presence of aromatic protons at 6.38 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.67 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.29 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.44 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), and 7.49 ppm (1H, t) and there was a methyl proton (acetyl group) at H 2.13 ppm (3H,s). The 13C-NMR spectra showed the presence of a C=O ketone group at 207.26 ppm and there were 9 C-sp2 at 116.9; 119.0;124.6; 128.1;132.0;143.7; 154.3; 161.0 ppm, which δC 161.0 ppm was C-oxyaryl. Based on UV, IR, 1H and 13C-NMR spectra data, FC1 isolate was suggested as an isoquinoline alkaloid substituted by OH and acetyl groups. Keywords: distillation residu, Cinnamomum burmanii, alkaloid, isoquinoline.
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Compounds from Cinnamon Oil (Cinnamomum burmanii) Distillation Residu","authors":"M. Astuti, L. Fauzi, K. Mustikasari","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12160","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to isolate and characterize compounds from the distillation residue of cinnamon oil from Loksado, South Kalimantan. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) distillation residue was extracted with methanol as solvent. The methanol extract was fractionated by liquid vacuum chromatography to obtain fractions A, B, C, and D. The crystals contained in fraction C were washed with cold n-hexane to obtain 5.4 mg of yellow isolate (FC1). FC1 isolates were characterized by UV-Vis, IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectrophotometers. UV spectra showed a maximum wavelength at 307, 316, and 321 nm indicating the presence of a conjugated or aromatic system. The infrared spectra showed -C=O, -OH, C-O, C-H, C-N, and C=N groups. The 1H-NMR spectra showed the presence of aromatic protons at 6.38 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.67 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.29 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.44 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), and 7.49 ppm (1H, t) and there was a methyl proton (acetyl group) at H 2.13 ppm (3H,s). The 13C-NMR spectra showed the presence of a C=O ketone group at 207.26 ppm and there were 9 C-sp2 at 116.9; 119.0;124.6; 128.1;132.0;143.7; 154.3; 161.0 ppm, which δC 161.0 ppm was C-oxyaryl. Based on UV, IR, 1H and 13C-NMR spectra data, FC1 isolate was suggested as an isoquinoline alkaloid substituted by OH and acetyl groups. Keywords: distillation residu, Cinnamomum burmanii, alkaloid, isoquinoline.","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79087596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12178
K. Rosyidah, Lisda Karmila, M. Astuti
White Kapul was used in this study. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of the white Kapul fruit rind extract and its chemical content analysis using TLC and GC-MS. The extraction method used was gradual maceration, namely technical n-hexane, technical ethyl acetate, and technical methanol. Toxicity test using the BSLT method with Artemia salina larvae at the nauplii stage. The test showed that the LC50 value of ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract, and n-hexane extract was 350.87 ppm, 485.61 ppm, and 735.932 ppm, respectively. Based on LC50 values, all extracts had the potential as pesticides. The third extract of white Kapul fruit rind was carried out by TLC analysis to determine the pattern of its compound content. The results of the TLC analysis showed that each extract had different polarity compounds according to the polarity of each solvent. The most active extract, ethyl acetate extract, was further analyzed using GC-MS. There were 32 peak compounds at a retention time of 25.384 to 65.725 minutes in GC-MS analysis. Four compounds with the largest percentage area were gynoluton (58.09%), 15-chloro-4-pentadesene (16.25%), 17- (acetyloxy) -2-methyl-, (2α.,5α ,17β) - estra-3-on (6.07%), and methyl-11-octadesenoate (5.98%). Keywords: Baccaurea macrocarpa, Euphorbiaceae, TLC, toxicity, BSLT, GC-MS
{"title":"Toxicity Testing of White Kapul Fruit Rind Extract (Baccaurea macrocarpa) and Component Analysis using Chromatography Method","authors":"K. Rosyidah, Lisda Karmila, M. Astuti","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12178","url":null,"abstract":"White Kapul was used in this study. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of the white Kapul fruit rind extract and its chemical content analysis using TLC and GC-MS. The extraction method used was gradual maceration, namely technical n-hexane, technical ethyl acetate, and technical methanol. Toxicity test using the BSLT method with Artemia salina larvae at the nauplii stage. The test showed that the LC50 value of ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract, and n-hexane extract was 350.87 ppm, 485.61 ppm, and 735.932 ppm, respectively. Based on LC50 values, all extracts had the potential as pesticides. The third extract of white Kapul fruit rind was carried out by TLC analysis to determine the pattern of its compound content. The results of the TLC analysis showed that each extract had different polarity compounds according to the polarity of each solvent. The most active extract, ethyl acetate extract, was further analyzed using GC-MS. There were 32 peak compounds at a retention time of 25.384 to 65.725 minutes in GC-MS analysis. Four compounds with the largest percentage area were gynoluton (58.09%), 15-chloro-4-pentadesene (16.25%), 17- (acetyloxy) -2-methyl-, (2α.,5α ,17β) - estra-3-on (6.07%), and methyl-11-octadesenoate (5.98%). Keywords: Baccaurea macrocarpa, Euphorbiaceae, TLC, toxicity, BSLT, GC-MS","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":" 373","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91409740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12167
S. N. Simarmata, E. P. Toepak, Sudarman Rahman, Stevin Carolius Angga
ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO) recorded as many as 2,299 cases of death with a case percentage of 66% during 2018 to 2020 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo due to the Ebola virus. Ebola virus is a member of the Filoviridae family. One of the viro cores consists of glycoprotein (GP). Messenger RNA (mRNA) generates long GP chains for the attachment protein (GP 1) and the fusion protein (GP 2). Epitope-based vaccines are a promising approach because epitopes represent immunogenic regions that elicit immunity specifically. Epitope prediction was performed based on the GP EBOV sequence available in the Data Bank. The designed vaccine could be one of the candidates for the Ebola virus vaccine. The design of the virus with access to NCBI AAB81004 was carried out by testing such as B cell epitope, T cell, and their antigenicity using the VaxiJen v2.0 server and IEDB. The T cell epitope prediction results showed that 20 T cell epitopes interacted with the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) with the highest score of 2.8069. B cell epitope by linear BepiPred assay had 77 candidate epitope peptides from sequence 401-477. Karplus and Schulz's flexibility predictions showed a predictive value of 1.119 with a threshold of 1.008, with the analyzed area having an antigenic tendency where the threshold area was yellow. Keywords: Ebolavirus; Vaccine; Epitope B Cell; Epitope T Cell; In Silico
{"title":"Design of Vaccine Candidate Based on Ebola Virus Epitop With In Silico Approach","authors":"S. N. Simarmata, E. P. Toepak, Sudarman Rahman, Stevin Carolius Angga","doi":"10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v16i1.12167","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO) recorded as many as 2,299 cases of death with a case percentage of 66% during 2018 to 2020 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo due to the Ebola virus. Ebola virus is a member of the Filoviridae family. One of the viro cores consists of glycoprotein (GP). Messenger RNA (mRNA) generates long GP chains for the attachment protein (GP 1) and the fusion protein (GP 2). Epitope-based vaccines are a promising approach because epitopes represent immunogenic regions that elicit immunity specifically. Epitope prediction was performed based on the GP EBOV sequence available in the Data Bank. The designed vaccine could be one of the candidates for the Ebola virus vaccine. The design of the virus with access to NCBI AAB81004 was carried out by testing such as B cell epitope, T cell, and their antigenicity using the VaxiJen v2.0 server and IEDB. The T cell epitope prediction results showed that 20 T cell epitopes interacted with the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) with the highest score of 2.8069. B cell epitope by linear BepiPred assay had 77 candidate epitope peptides from sequence 401-477. Karplus and Schulz's flexibility predictions showed a predictive value of 1.119 with a threshold of 1.008, with the analyzed area having an antigenic tendency where the threshold area was yellow. Keywords: Ebolavirus; Vaccine; Epitope B Cell; Epitope T Cell; In Silico","PeriodicalId":17766,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83696942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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