D. V. Ivanova, Иванова Дарья Викторовна, A. Ziganshin, Зиганшин Айрат Усманович
The article presents an analysis of current literature covering general information, as well as clinical and experimental research on autism spectrum disorder. Autism is a complex mental disorder. A growing body of literature suggests the association of autism spectrum disorder with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, especially those affecting the gastrointestinal tract and bladder. In addition, there are problems with nutrition, metabolism, immune and endocrine systems, and microbiota. Prevalence of autism has increased significantly over the past 40 years. As more and more children with autism become adults, understanding this condition throughout life is of paramount importance. Although many research has focused on understanding how diagnosis and treatment can help little children, few are focused on adults with autism and how primary care groups can better help these people. Despite significant progress toward identifying the factors influencing the development of autism spectrum disorder, the etiology of the disease remains uncertain. In this regard, scientists are trying to obtain models of autism in rodents to continue further research. Based on the data obtained during clinical and experimental researches, a hypothesis about the possible role of the purinergic system in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder is considered. The results are encouraging, but further research is required. Thus, somatic disorders can worsen the main symptoms of autism, which affect communication and behavior functioning. In this regard, further research is necessary, including in a rodent model of autism spectrum disorder to contribute to identifying the possible causes of the disorder.
{"title":"Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and possible mechanisms of their development in autism spectrum disorders","authors":"D. V. Ivanova, Иванова Дарья Викторовна, A. Ziganshin, Зиганшин Айрат Усманович","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-834","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of current literature covering general information, as well as clinical and experimental research on autism spectrum disorder. Autism is a complex mental disorder. A growing body of literature suggests the association of autism spectrum disorder with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, especially those affecting the gastrointestinal tract and bladder. In addition, there are problems with nutrition, metabolism, immune and endocrine systems, and microbiota. Prevalence of autism has increased significantly over the past 40 years. As more and more children with autism become adults, understanding this condition throughout life is of paramount importance. Although many research has focused on understanding how diagnosis and treatment can help little children, few are focused on adults with autism and how primary care groups can better help these people. Despite significant progress toward identifying the factors influencing the development of autism spectrum disorder, the etiology of the disease remains uncertain. In this regard, scientists are trying to obtain models of autism in rodents to continue further research. Based on the data obtained during clinical and experimental researches, a hypothesis about the possible role of the purinergic system in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder is considered. The results are encouraging, but further research is required. Thus, somatic disorders can worsen the main symptoms of autism, which affect communication and behavior functioning. In this regard, further research is necessary, including in a rodent model of autism spectrum disorder to contribute to identifying the possible causes of the disorder.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85482772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Alborov, Алборов Александр Эдуардович, M. D. Hanevich, Ханевич Михаил Дмитриевич, S. Bessmeltsev, Бессмельцев Станислав Семёнович, O. Rozanova, Розанова Ольга Егоровна, T. Glazanova, Глазанова Татьяна Валентиновна, N. A. Romanenko, Романенко Николай Александрович
Aim. To study the features of the pathogenesis of anemia in patients with colorectal cancer and metastatic liver damage, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of etiological correction of anemia in the preoperative period. Methods. 90 patients with colorectal liver metastases and anemia (hemoglobin content 75–95 g/L), who were observed at the City Clinical Oncological Center of St. Petersburg between 2014 and 2020, were included. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of prospectively assessed patients with the preoperative correction of anemia by iron supplements (intravenously 7 mg/kg once a week) and recombinant erythropoietin (subcutaneously 150 IU/kg 3 times a week). The second group included retrospectively assessed patients with the correction of anemia only by red blood cell (RBC) transfusion (1–3 doses). The groups were comparable for gender [sex ratio (male/female) was 17:31 and 16:26 for the first and the second groups, respectively; p >0.5], age (63.3±1.4 and 60.2±1.2 years, respectively; p >0.1) and hemoglobin content (87.4±1.0 and 86.7±0.9 g/l, respectively; p >0.2). Results. In studying the causes of anemia, a decrease in the mean serum endogenous erythropoietin level was revealed in most patients (36.7±1.9 mIU/ml with the required 70 mIU/ml). A decrease in the concentration of serum iron (6.6±0.3 versus 15.1±0.8 μmol/l) and ferritin (15.5±1.9 versus 102.4±8.4 μg/ml) levels were revealed. At the same time, there was no difference in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with anemia and healthy controls (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6; p >0.2), which indicates a low activity of the immune system in response to a tumor, due to conducted chemotherapy. In the preoperative correction of anemia, a positive effect was achieved with both iron supplementation with erythropoietin preparation (the hemoglobin level increased from 87.6±1.0 to 108.1±0.9 g/l; p <0.01) and RBC transfusion (from 86.7±0.9 to 114.6±0.6 g/l; p <0.01). Conclusion. In patients with colorectal liver metastases, the most common causes of anemia were low levels of erythropoietin and iron deficiency; also for this group of patients, the prescription of erythropoietin and intravenous iron preparations are effective for the preoperative correction of anemia.
{"title":"Integrated approach for the preoperative correction of anemia for liver resection in patients with colorectal liver metastases","authors":"A. Alborov, Алборов Александр Эдуардович, M. D. Hanevich, Ханевич Михаил Дмитриевич, S. Bessmeltsev, Бессмельцев Станислав Семёнович, O. Rozanova, Розанова Ольга Егоровна, T. Glazanova, Глазанова Татьяна Валентиновна, N. A. Romanenko, Романенко Николай Александрович","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-677","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the features of the pathogenesis of anemia in patients with colorectal cancer and metastatic liver damage, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of etiological correction of anemia in the preoperative period. Methods. 90 patients with colorectal liver metastases and anemia (hemoglobin content 75–95 g/L), who were observed at the City Clinical Oncological Center of St. Petersburg between 2014 and 2020, were included. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of prospectively assessed patients with the preoperative correction of anemia by iron supplements (intravenously 7 mg/kg once a week) and recombinant erythropoietin (subcutaneously 150 IU/kg 3 times a week). The second group included retrospectively assessed patients with the correction of anemia only by red blood cell (RBC) transfusion (1–3 doses). The groups were comparable for gender [sex ratio (male/female) was 17:31 and 16:26 for the first and the second groups, respectively; p >0.5], age (63.3±1.4 and 60.2±1.2 years, respectively; p >0.1) and hemoglobin content (87.4±1.0 and 86.7±0.9 g/l, respectively; p >0.2). Results. In studying the causes of anemia, a decrease in the mean serum endogenous erythropoietin level was revealed in most patients (36.7±1.9 mIU/ml with the required 70 mIU/ml). A decrease in the concentration of serum iron (6.6±0.3 versus 15.1±0.8 μmol/l) and ferritin (15.5±1.9 versus 102.4±8.4 μg/ml) levels were revealed. At the same time, there was no difference in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with anemia and healthy controls (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6; p >0.2), which indicates a low activity of the immune system in response to a tumor, due to conducted chemotherapy. In the preoperative correction of anemia, a positive effect was achieved with both iron supplementation with erythropoietin preparation (the hemoglobin level increased from 87.6±1.0 to 108.1±0.9 g/l; p <0.01) and RBC transfusion (from 86.7±0.9 to 114.6±0.6 g/l; p <0.01). Conclusion. In patients with colorectal liver metastases, the most common causes of anemia were low levels of erythropoietin and iron deficiency; also for this group of patients, the prescription of erythropoietin and intravenous iron preparations are effective for the preoperative correction of anemia.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77901009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ermakov, Ермаков Сергей Васильевич, S. М. Karpov, Карпов Сергей Михайлович, V. A. Вaturin, Батурин Владимир Александрович, O. Belokon, Белоконь Олег Сергеевич, R. Mozheiko, Можейко Ростислав Александрович
Aim. To determine the possibility of predicting the course and outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) by using the detection of autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins. Methods. The autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins was detected in 65 people: 30 healthy volunteers and 35 with a confirmed diagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Autoantibodies to myelin basic protein (MBP), peripheral myelin, dopamine receptors, myosin, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and S100 protein detected by using an enzyme immunoassay. The severity of illness in dynamics was defined in all patients by using the following scales: Rivermead mobility index, Hunt–Hess, Graeb and others. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0, with the consistent use of descriptive statistics methods, the Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis and Pearson tests, Spearman coefficient. Results. At the first stage, neurospecific proteins characterized by a large increase in autoantibody titers were identified. Further, based on the data obtained, a statistically significant correlation between autoantibody titers to S100 protein (360.43±40.35 µg/ml, p <0.05), MBP (145.91±12.43 µg/ml, p <0.05), NMDA receptors (66.17±6.42 µg/ml, p <0.05) and aSAH outcome was established. Conclusion. The study revealed an increase in autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins in the blood plasma of patients, depending on the severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage and the development of delayed cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm; high antibodies titers to S100 protein in subarachnoid hemorrhage are associated with cerebral vasospasm and the development of secondary (delayed) ischemic changes in the brain.
的目标。目的探讨应用神经特异性蛋白自身抗体水平检测预测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)病程及预后的可能性。方法。在65人中检测了神经特异性蛋白的自身抗体水平:30名健康志愿者和35名确诊为动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的志愿者。采用酶免疫分析法检测髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、外周髓鞘、多巴胺受体、肌球蛋白、n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体和S100蛋白的自身抗体。所有患者的动态疾病严重程度采用以下量表定义:Rivermead流动性指数、Hunt-Hess、Graeb等。采用Statistica 10.0进行统计分析，一致采用描述性统计方法、Mann-Whitney检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验和Pearson检验、Spearman系数。结果。在第一阶段，鉴定出以自身抗体滴度大幅增加为特征的神经特异性蛋白。进一步，基于所得数据，建立了S100蛋白自身抗体滴度(360.43±40.35µg/ml, p <0.05)、MBP(145.91±12.43µg/ml, p <0.05)、NMDA受体(66.17±6.42µg/ml, p <0.05)与aSAH结局的相关性。结论。该研究显示，患者血浆中针对神经特异性蛋白的自身抗体水平升高，这取决于蛛网膜下腔出血的严重程度和脑血管痉挛引起的延迟性脑缺血的发展;蛛网膜下腔出血中S100蛋白的高抗体滴度与脑血管痉挛和脑继发性(延迟性)缺血性改变的发生有关。
{"title":"Neuroimmune predictors of outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","authors":"S. Ermakov, Ермаков Сергей Васильевич, S. М. Karpov, Карпов Сергей Михайлович, V. A. Вaturin, Батурин Владимир Александрович, O. Belokon, Белоконь Олег Сергеевич, R. Mozheiko, Можейко Ростислав Александрович","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-754","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To determine the possibility of predicting the course and outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) by using the detection of autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins. Methods. The autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins was detected in 65 people: 30 healthy volunteers and 35 with a confirmed diagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Autoantibodies to myelin basic protein (MBP), peripheral myelin, dopamine receptors, myosin, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and S100 protein detected by using an enzyme immunoassay. The severity of illness in dynamics was defined in all patients by using the following scales: Rivermead mobility index, Hunt–Hess, Graeb and others. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0, with the consistent use of descriptive statistics methods, the Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis and Pearson tests, Spearman coefficient. Results. At the first stage, neurospecific proteins characterized by a large increase in autoantibody titers were identified. Further, based on the data obtained, a statistically significant correlation between autoantibody titers to S100 protein (360.43±40.35 µg/ml, p <0.05), MBP (145.91±12.43 µg/ml, p <0.05), NMDA receptors (66.17±6.42 µg/ml, p <0.05) and aSAH outcome was established. Conclusion. The study revealed an increase in autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins in the blood plasma of patients, depending on the severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage and the development of delayed cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm; high antibodies titers to S100 protein in subarachnoid hemorrhage are associated with cerebral vasospasm and the development of secondary (delayed) ischemic changes in the brain.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90792906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yakovlev, Яковлев Алексей Владимирович, S. Mayanskaya, Маянская Светлана Дмитриевна, S. Shilov, Шилов Сергей Николаевич, A. T. Teplyakov, Тепляков Александр Трофимович, I. Shirinsky, Ширинский Иван Валерьевич, N. Yakovleva, Яковлева Наталья Фаритовна
Aim. To study individual functional parameters of respiration in different phases of sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and to assess their effect on the clinical course of the disease. Methods. The study included 86 men with OSA [with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥15 per hour]. Upon inclusion in the study, all patients underwent a polysomnographic study and echocardiography, the level of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was determined, a six-minute walk test was performed. After 12 months of prospective observation, the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the clinical course of chronic heart failure: with unfavorable (n=33) and favorable (n=53) clinical course. The prognostic significance of the studied parameters of respiration to the course of the disease was assessed by using logistic and linear regression. Results. A significant role of the following respiratory parameters as predictors of chronic heart failure progression was established: obstructive apnea-hypopnea index for the entire night sleep [odds ratio (OR) 1.04, p=0.002] and in the phase of rapid eye movement sleep (REM) (ОR 1.24, p=0.001); the index of respiratory disorders for the entire sleep period (ОR 1.06, p=0.044) and in REM sleep phase (ОR 1.25, p=0.003). For hospital readmission, the predictive role was determined for obstructive apnea/hypopnea index for REM phase (ОR 1.07, p=0.044) and index of respiratory disorders for REM phase (ОR 1.13, p=0.040). Conclusion. The prognostic value of the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index and the index of respiratory disorders for the entire night sleep and in the phase of REM sleep was revealed for patients with OSA and chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, which allows considering these parameters as independent predictors of an unfavorable clinical course in this group of patients.
{"title":"Predictive value of respiratory parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","authors":"A. Yakovlev, Яковлев Алексей Владимирович, S. Mayanskaya, Маянская Светлана Дмитриевна, S. Shilov, Шилов Сергей Николаевич, A. T. Teplyakov, Тепляков Александр Трофимович, I. Shirinsky, Ширинский Иван Валерьевич, N. Yakovleva, Яковлева Наталья Фаритовна","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-652","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study individual functional parameters of respiration in different phases of sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and to assess their effect on the clinical course of the disease. Methods. The study included 86 men with OSA [with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥15 per hour]. Upon inclusion in the study, all patients underwent a polysomnographic study and echocardiography, the level of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was determined, a six-minute walk test was performed. After 12 months of prospective observation, the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the clinical course of chronic heart failure: with unfavorable (n=33) and favorable (n=53) clinical course. The prognostic significance of the studied parameters of respiration to the course of the disease was assessed by using logistic and linear regression. Results. A significant role of the following respiratory parameters as predictors of chronic heart failure progression was established: obstructive apnea-hypopnea index for the entire night sleep [odds ratio (OR) 1.04, p=0.002] and in the phase of rapid eye movement sleep (REM) (ОR 1.24, p=0.001); the index of respiratory disorders for the entire sleep period (ОR 1.06, p=0.044) and in REM sleep phase (ОR 1.25, p=0.003). For hospital readmission, the predictive role was determined for obstructive apnea/hypopnea index for REM phase (ОR 1.07, p=0.044) and index of respiratory disorders for REM phase (ОR 1.13, p=0.040). Conclusion. The prognostic value of the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index and the index of respiratory disorders for the entire night sleep and in the phase of REM sleep was revealed for patients with OSA and chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, which allows considering these parameters as independent predictors of an unfavorable clinical course in this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83668821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Ivanov, Иванов Дмитрий Олегович, Kseniia G. Shevtsova, Шевцова Ксения Георгиевна, K. Moiseeva, Моисеева Карина Евгеньевна, Sh.D. Harbedia, Харбедия Шалва Демнаевич
Aim. To assess the results of a perinatal audit of the Northwestern Federal District and to identify opportunities for a decrease in perinatal mortality. Methods. The audit of perinatal loss was conducted in two stages: (1) remote audit — audit of perinatal mortality indicators; (2) medical history audit — audit of cases of perinatal death of a child based on medical documentation. Held the copy of the data from the 925 medical records for 220 cases of perinatal death. The perinatal audit of the Northwestern Federal District used the Nordic-Baltic perinatal death classification. The following statistical methods were used for statistical data processing: incidence rate of a trait was determined by using frequency tables, the statistical significance of differences was tested by using contingency tables, the Chi-square criterion, along with the Pearson correlation coefficient. The statistical significance of differences in quantitative indicators was assessed by using Student's t-Test. The significance level was set at p <0.05. Results. It was found that in the Northwestern Federal District pregnancy losses III category of the Nordic-Baltic classification (gestational age newborn, more than 28 weeks, without congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction) is 27.5%, intranatal losses VI category of the Nordic-Baltic classification (gestational age newborn, more than 28 weeks, without congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction) — 7.4%, the loss of newborns VIII–XI category of the Nordic-Baltic classification (gestational age newborn, more than 28 weeks, without congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction) — 16.9%. Among children who died during the perinatal period, children of gestational age over 28 weeks significantly predominate (p=0.003). In the nosological structure of stillbirth, most of the diseases are associated with respiratory disorders (85.9%), infectious complications are 14.1%. The main causes of death of newborns in the early neonatal period are respiratory disorders — 40.0% and infectious diseases specific to the perinatal period — 36.0%. The assessment of the sexual prevalence of pregnancy losses did not reveal a statistically significant difference (p=0.29). The assessment of the sexual characteristics of intranatal losses showed that boys significantly predominate (p=0.003). Conclusion. The perinatal audit revealed that, in the Northwestern Federal District, the level of the mobile reserve of perinatal losses associated with managed causes is 51.8%.
{"title":"Results of the perinatal audit of the Northwestern Federal District","authors":"D. Ivanov, Иванов Дмитрий Олегович, Kseniia G. Shevtsova, Шевцова Ксения Георгиевна, K. Moiseeva, Моисеева Карина Евгеньевна, Sh.D. Harbedia, Харбедия Шалва Демнаевич","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-727","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the results of a perinatal audit of the Northwestern Federal District and to identify opportunities for a decrease in perinatal mortality. Methods. The audit of perinatal loss was conducted in two stages: (1) remote audit — audit of perinatal mortality indicators; (2) medical history audit — audit of cases of perinatal death of a child based on medical documentation. Held the copy of the data from the 925 medical records for 220 cases of perinatal death. The perinatal audit of the Northwestern Federal District used the Nordic-Baltic perinatal death classification. The following statistical methods were used for statistical data processing: incidence rate of a trait was determined by using frequency tables, the statistical significance of differences was tested by using contingency tables, the Chi-square criterion, along with the Pearson correlation coefficient. The statistical significance of differences in quantitative indicators was assessed by using Student's t-Test. The significance level was set at p <0.05. Results. It was found that in the Northwestern Federal District pregnancy losses III category of the Nordic-Baltic classification (gestational age newborn, more than 28 weeks, without congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction) is 27.5%, intranatal losses VI category of the Nordic-Baltic classification (gestational age newborn, more than 28 weeks, without congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction) — 7.4%, the loss of newborns VIII–XI category of the Nordic-Baltic classification (gestational age newborn, more than 28 weeks, without congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction) — 16.9%. Among children who died during the perinatal period, children of gestational age over 28 weeks significantly predominate (p=0.003). In the nosological structure of stillbirth, most of the diseases are associated with respiratory disorders (85.9%), infectious complications are 14.1%. The main causes of death of newborns in the early neonatal period are respiratory disorders — 40.0% and infectious diseases specific to the perinatal period — 36.0%. The assessment of the sexual prevalence of pregnancy losses did not reveal a statistically significant difference (p=0.29). The assessment of the sexual characteristics of intranatal losses showed that boys significantly predominate (p=0.003). Conclusion. The perinatal audit revealed that, in the Northwestern Federal District, the level of the mobile reserve of perinatal losses associated with managed causes is 51.8%.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77212153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Omarov, Омаров Тариел Искендер оглу, N. Bayramov, Байрамов Нуру Юсиф оглу, M. Huseynova, Гусейнова Мехрибан Рафаэль кызы, N. Zeynalov, Зейналов Надир Азер оглу
Aim. To study of the effect of the diameter of the calibration tube and the distance from the pyloric sphincter on the outcomes of the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Methods. The study included 945 (915 women) patients with a body mass index 51.5±9 kg/m2. The average age of the patients was 53.5±8.5 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups by the type of laparoscopic surgery: in the first group (n=463), a 36 Fr calibration tube was used, the distance from the pyloric sphincter was 4–6 cm; in the second group (n=482), a 32 Fr calibration tube was used, the distance from the pyloric sphincter was 2–3 cm. The main comparison criteria was the percentage of body weight loss in the first 6 and 12 months, and an additional comparison criteria was the of concomitant diseases progress in postoperative and the existence of complications. Results. A comparative analysis showed that the first group in the first 6 months lost 59±3% of its initial body weight, while in 12 months — 71±4%; in the second group, 73±3 and 87±3% of the initial weight, respectively. Concomitant diseases in the first group decreased by 70–80% by the 6th month after surgery and by 85–96% by the 12th month. In the 2nd group, similar remission with improvement was between 84 and 94% at the 6th month, and remained the same at the 12th month. Conclusion. The results of the study show that in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with a calibration tube diameter 32 Fr and a distance of 2–3 cm from the pyloric sphincter, compared to a calibration tube diameter 36 Fr or more and a distance of 4–6 cm from the pyloric sphincter, a body weight loss faster and more effective with earlier remission of concomitant diseases, while the number of complications is comparable.
{"title":"The effect of the distance from the pyloric sphincter and size of the calibration tube on postoperative outcomes of the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy","authors":"T. Omarov, Омаров Тариел Искендер оглу, N. Bayramov, Байрамов Нуру Юсиф оглу, M. Huseynova, Гусейнова Мехрибан Рафаэль кызы, N. Zeynalov, Зейналов Надир Азер оглу","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-669","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study of the effect of the diameter of the calibration tube and the distance from the pyloric sphincter on the outcomes of the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Methods. The study included 945 (915 women) patients with a body mass index 51.5±9 kg/m2. The average age of the patients was 53.5±8.5 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups by the type of laparoscopic surgery: in the first group (n=463), a 36 Fr calibration tube was used, the distance from the pyloric sphincter was 4–6 cm; in the second group (n=482), a 32 Fr calibration tube was used, the distance from the pyloric sphincter was 2–3 cm. The main comparison criteria was the percentage of body weight loss in the first 6 and 12 months, and an additional comparison criteria was the of concomitant diseases progress in postoperative and the existence of complications. Results. A comparative analysis showed that the first group in the first 6 months lost 59±3% of its initial body weight, while in 12 months — 71±4%; in the second group, 73±3 and 87±3% of the initial weight, respectively. Concomitant diseases in the first group decreased by 70–80% by the 6th month after surgery and by 85–96% by the 12th month. In the 2nd group, similar remission with improvement was between 84 and 94% at the 6th month, and remained the same at the 12th month. Conclusion. The results of the study show that in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with a calibration tube diameter 32 Fr and a distance of 2–3 cm from the pyloric sphincter, compared to a calibration tube diameter 36 Fr or more and a distance of 4–6 cm from the pyloric sphincter, a body weight loss faster and more effective with earlier remission of concomitant diseases, while the number of complications is comparable.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85381775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Khabriev, Хабриев Рамил Усманович, E. N. Mingazova, Мингазова Эльмира Нурисламовна, T. N. Shigabutdinova, Шигабутдинова Татьяна Николаевна, R. N. Sadykova, Садыкова Ромина Наилевна
Aim. To analyze the dynamic changes in medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population, markers of trends in the formation of the medical and demographic process in the region. Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of literary sources that determine the general trend in the demographic situation in the country, as well as information from statistical collections of the Federal State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Health of Russia and Tatarstan. The analytical and statistical methods (descriptive statistics, student criterion, trend analysis) were used in the study. Results. It was revealed that the fertility rate of women living in rural areas decreased by dynamics (between 1991 and 2017, from 79.9 to 42.3 per 1000 women aged 15–49; p <0.05). Before 2014, the indicator for rural residents was higher than that for urban women. Since 2015, the trend has been reversed: among urban women it has become higher than among those living in rural areas, which correlates with the birth rate in urban and rural areas. Percentage of live births from 1991 to 2017 in women of early reproductive age (up to 20 years) decreased among urban women from 11.3 to 3.7% (p <0.05), among rural women from 10.0 to 5.8% (p <0.05); among urban women in the age group 20–24 years from 35.4 to 27.1% (p <0.05), among rural women of the same age from 40.9 to 34.2% (p <0.05). In the observed period, percentage of live births among women of the older reproductive age increased both among residents of cities and in rural areas. Percentage of births by birth order was changed: in urban areas accounted for 55.9% of the first child, in rural areas — 44.3%; for the second child — 35.1% and 34.2%, respectively; for third and more children — 9 and 21.5%. Conclusion. The analysis of medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population and markers of trends in the formation of the medical and demographic process in the region suggests a decrease in fertility rate (fertility) with an increase in the mean age of women at childbirth.
{"title":"Medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population of the region (on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan)","authors":"R. Khabriev, Хабриев Рамил Усманович, E. N. Mingazova, Мингазова Эльмира Нурисламовна, T. N. Shigabutdinova, Шигабутдинова Татьяна Николаевна, R. N. Sadykova, Садыкова Ромина Наилевна","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-719","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To analyze the dynamic changes in medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population, markers of trends in the formation of the medical and demographic process in the region. Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of literary sources that determine the general trend in the demographic situation in the country, as well as information from statistical collections of the Federal State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Health of Russia and Tatarstan. The analytical and statistical methods (descriptive statistics, student criterion, trend analysis) were used in the study. Results. It was revealed that the fertility rate of women living in rural areas decreased by dynamics (between 1991 and 2017, from 79.9 to 42.3 per 1000 women aged 15–49; p <0.05). Before 2014, the indicator for rural residents was higher than that for urban women. Since 2015, the trend has been reversed: among urban women it has become higher than among those living in rural areas, which correlates with the birth rate in urban and rural areas. Percentage of live births from 1991 to 2017 in women of early reproductive age (up to 20 years) decreased among urban women from 11.3 to 3.7% (p <0.05), among rural women from 10.0 to 5.8% (p <0.05); among urban women in the age group 20–24 years from 35.4 to 27.1% (p <0.05), among rural women of the same age from 40.9 to 34.2% (p <0.05). In the observed period, percentage of live births among women of the older reproductive age increased both among residents of cities and in rural areas. Percentage of births by birth order was changed: in urban areas accounted for 55.9% of the first child, in rural areas — 44.3%; for the second child — 35.1% and 34.2%, respectively; for third and more children — 9 and 21.5%. Conclusion. The analysis of medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population and markers of trends in the formation of the medical and demographic process in the region suggests a decrease in fertility rate (fertility) with an increase in the mean age of women at childbirth.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83151018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Reshetnikova, Решетникова Ирина Дмитриевна, G. Isaeva, Исаева Гузель Шавхатовна, S. Kulikov, Куликов Сергей Николаевич, S. N. Gabidullina, Габидуллина Светлана Назаровна
The article was prepared for the 75th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War and the 120th anniversary of the Kazan Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. The paper presents the contributions of the Kazan Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology staff in the sacred cause of victory over fascism to protect the health of soldiers and civilians of our homeland during the Great Patriotic War. The scientific research data and production activities of the institute are presented. The institute turned out to be practically the closest microbiological institution to the front, having the necessary laboratory equipment and a production base. The institute launched the production of medications, including 4 types of anti-gangrenous serums, anti-dysenteric tablets, tetanus toxoid, anti-typhoid tablets, dysenteric dry bacteriophage, dysenteric subcutaneous vaccine, pentavacine, typhoid vaccine, antibiotic gramicidin and others.
{"title":"On the activities of the Kazan Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945","authors":"I. Reshetnikova, Решетникова Ирина Дмитриевна, G. Isaeva, Исаева Гузель Шавхатовна, S. Kulikov, Куликов Сергей Николаевич, S. N. Gabidullina, Габидуллина Светлана Назаровна","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-768","url":null,"abstract":"The article was prepared for the 75th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War and the 120th anniversary of the Kazan Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. The paper presents the contributions of the Kazan Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology staff in the sacred cause of victory over fascism to protect the health of soldiers and civilians of our homeland during the Great Patriotic War. The scientific research data and production activities of the institute are presented. The institute turned out to be practically the closest microbiological institution to the front, having the necessary laboratory equipment and a production base. The institute launched the production of medications, including 4 types of anti-gangrenous serums, anti-dysenteric tablets, tetanus toxoid, anti-typhoid tablets, dysenteric dry bacteriophage, dysenteric subcutaneous vaccine, pentavacine, typhoid vaccine, antibiotic gramicidin and others.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85294093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. A. Boyko, Бойко Владимир Андреевич, T. Savitskaya, Савицкая Татьяна Александровна, V. Trifonov, Трифонов Владимир Александрович, I. V. Serova, Серова Ирина Васильевна, G. Isaeva, Исаева Гузель Шавхатовна
The paper presents the history of the study of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) at the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology from the beginning of the 50s to the present. The accumulated information allows to draw up general conceptions about the main source of infection, the biological structure of natural foci of infection, nosoarea and the main clinical forms of the disease, the nature and seasonality of the disease, the sex and age composition of patients, and the types of natural foci of HFRS. The stages of improving the methods of laboratory diagnosis of HFRS, development of a specific immunoglobulin against the serum of the Puumala virus are described. A significant contribution to the study of HFRS was the landscape-epidemiological ranking of the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Middle Volga endemic for HFRS, with the identification of zones of special risk of human infection and the main factors that form them. At present, a reference center for monitoring HFRS has been created based on the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, and the study of the properties of HFRS pathogens at the current molecular-genetic level continues.
{"title":"Problems and prospects of studying hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Republic of Tatarstan","authors":"V. A. Boyko, Бойко Владимир Андреевич, T. Savitskaya, Савицкая Татьяна Александровна, V. Trifonov, Трифонов Владимир Александрович, I. V. Serova, Серова Ирина Васильевна, G. Isaeva, Исаева Гузель Шавхатовна","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-775","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the history of the study of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) at the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology from the beginning of the 50s to the present. The accumulated information allows to draw up general conceptions about the main source of infection, the biological structure of natural foci of infection, nosoarea and the main clinical forms of the disease, the nature and seasonality of the disease, the sex and age composition of patients, and the types of natural foci of HFRS. The stages of improving the methods of laboratory diagnosis of HFRS, development of a specific immunoglobulin against the serum of the Puumala virus are described. A significant contribution to the study of HFRS was the landscape-epidemiological ranking of the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Middle Volga endemic for HFRS, with the identification of zones of special risk of human infection and the main factors that form them. At present, a reference center for monitoring HFRS has been created based on the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, and the study of the properties of HFRS pathogens at the current molecular-genetic level continues.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88235405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. M. Krasilnikov, Красильников Дмитрий Михайлович, O. Karpukhin, Карпухин Олег Юрьевич
In 1860, the Department of hospital surgery was organized at Imperial Kazan university. The reform of medical education to Western standards supposed the training of students in faculty and hospital clinics. The main task of the faculty Department is to teach the classical clinical picture of the most common diseases, while the task of the hospital Department is focusing to variants of clinical manifestations of the disease and improvement of practical skills. The first head of the Department of hospital surgery at Imperial Kazan University was Professor Andrey Beketov. Professor A.N. Beketov is one of the pioneers of the use of inhalation anesthesia, which he recommended for widespread use in the clinic. Besides, Beketov is the author of priority works in the field of traumatology and orthopedics. In a short time, the hospital surgical clinic in Kazan became one of the leading clinics in the East of Russia, the Urals and Siberia.
{"title":"The history of creation hospital surgery clinic in Kazan","authors":"D. M. Krasilnikov, Красильников Дмитрий Михайлович, O. Karpukhin, Карпухин Олег Юрьевич","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-786","url":null,"abstract":"In 1860, the Department of hospital surgery was organized at Imperial Kazan university. The reform of medical education to Western standards supposed the training of students in faculty and hospital clinics. The main task of the faculty Department is to teach the classical clinical picture of the most common diseases, while the task of the hospital Department is focusing to variants of clinical manifestations of the disease and improvement of practical skills. The first head of the Department of hospital surgery at Imperial Kazan University was Professor Andrey Beketov. Professor A.N. Beketov is one of the pioneers of the use of inhalation anesthesia, which he recommended for widespread use in the clinic. Besides, Beketov is the author of priority works in the field of traumatology and orthopedics. In a short time, the hospital surgical clinic in Kazan became one of the leading clinics in the East of Russia, the Urals and Siberia.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75486207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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