Der Vang, Jonathan Pahren, Tom Cambron, Pietro Strobbia
Understanding biological samples is an important part of disease treatment and prevention. Current methods of biological analysis can be time-consuming and costly. Label-free Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is a useful vibrational technique that incorporates plasmonic metal nanomaterial to amplify Raman signals. This technique requires little sample preparation and provides high informational chemical insights on the target. Herein, we use SERS to test and analyze biological samples of exosomes and bacteria. Each biological sample has similar biomolecular components that are difficult to differentiate or show small differences after interacting with other chemicals. Thus, herein, we show the incorporation of principal component analysis to understand differences and trends in the spectra. These studies highlight the powerful combination of SERS and machine learning for biological analysis.
{"title":"Label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and machine learning for biological analysis","authors":"Der Vang, Jonathan Pahren, Tom Cambron, Pietro Strobbia","doi":"10.1117/12.3013981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013981","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding biological samples is an important part of disease treatment and prevention. Current methods of biological analysis can be time-consuming and costly. Label-free Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is a useful vibrational technique that incorporates plasmonic metal nanomaterial to amplify Raman signals. This technique requires little sample preparation and provides high informational chemical insights on the target. Herein, we use SERS to test and analyze biological samples of exosomes and bacteria. Each biological sample has similar biomolecular components that are difficult to differentiate or show small differences after interacting with other chemicals. Thus, herein, we show the incorporation of principal component analysis to understand differences and trends in the spectra. These studies highlight the powerful combination of SERS and machine learning for biological analysis.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"20 3","pages":"130590C - 130590C-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua B. Bettinger, Steven Vogel, Andrew Dugrenier
Optical systems are frequently used in non-laboratory environments. Extra-orbit launch accelerations, gunfire vibrations, and temperature fluctuations can put dangerous stresses on lenses. In addition to general mechanical ruggedization, Kapton® tape was added to optical surfaces as a go-between for the glass/crystal and the metal structure components. The thought behind this was that using a softer surface interface would act as a sort of cushion for the optics. Kapton® tape has a CTE nearly matching that of Aluminum 6061-T6 and has an effective temperature range of -269°C to 400°C, which makes it an ideal material for use in systems both at or outside of room temperature values. Hand calculations formulated from equations postulated by experts Paul Yoder and R.J. Roark were used in conjunction with Finite Element Analysis via ANSYS. Practical examples used in the field were cited as well.
{"title":"Countering environmental effects in optical systems using Kapton tape","authors":"Joshua B. Bettinger, Steven Vogel, Andrew Dugrenier","doi":"10.1117/12.3013786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013786","url":null,"abstract":"Optical systems are frequently used in non-laboratory environments. Extra-orbit launch accelerations, gunfire vibrations, and temperature fluctuations can put dangerous stresses on lenses. In addition to general mechanical ruggedization, Kapton® tape was added to optical surfaces as a go-between for the glass/crystal and the metal structure components. The thought behind this was that using a softer surface interface would act as a sort of cushion for the optics. Kapton® tape has a CTE nearly matching that of Aluminum 6061-T6 and has an effective temperature range of -269°C to 400°C, which makes it an ideal material for use in systems both at or outside of room temperature values. Hand calculations formulated from equations postulated by experts Paul Yoder and R.J. Roark were used in conjunction with Finite Element Analysis via ANSYS. Practical examples used in the field were cited as well.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"39 1","pages":"1306205 - 1306205-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Misty K. Blowers, Santos S. Salinas, Seth A. Bailey
In a 10 August 2023 memo to Senior Department of Defense (DoD) Leaders, the Deputy Secretary of Defense outlined the roles and responsibilities of the DoD's newly established Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer Generative Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models Task Force, Task Force Lima. The AI and LLM Task Force is charged with focusing the DoD's exploration and responsible fielding of generative AI and LLM capabilities. While AI and LLM have revolutionized natural language processing in commercial applications, significant concerns must be addressed before the technology is fully deployed within the DoD. This study will explore the current biases in training data, ethical violations, security breaches, potential misuse, and challenges with AI and LLM interpretability. Industry, academic and government partnerships need to ensure a responsible and equitable deployment of LLMs that harnesses the full potential of the capabilities in a manner that is responsible, secure, and well understood by the end user community.
在 2023 年 8 月 10 日致国防部（Department of Defense）高级领导人的备忘录中，国防部副部长概述了国防部新成立的首席数字和人工智能官生成式人工智能和大型语言模型工作组（Task Force Lima）的作用和职责。人工智能和大型语言模型工作组负责集中国防部的力量，探索并负责任地部署生成式人工智能和大型语言模型能力。虽然人工智能和 LLM 在商业应用中为自然语言处理带来了革命性的变化，但在国防部全面部署该技术之前，必须解决一些重大问题。本研究将探讨当前训练数据中的偏差、违反道德的行为、安全漏洞、潜在的滥用以及人工智能和 LLM 可解释性方面的挑战。工业界、学术界和政府需要建立合作伙伴关系，确保负责任地、公平地部署 LLM，以负责任、安全和终端用户充分理解的方式充分发挥 LLM 的潜力。
{"title":"Risk considerations for the department of defense's fielding of large language models","authors":"Misty K. Blowers, Santos S. Salinas, Seth A. Bailey","doi":"10.1117/12.3014424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014424","url":null,"abstract":"In a 10 August 2023 memo to Senior Department of Defense (DoD) Leaders, the Deputy Secretary of Defense outlined the roles and responsibilities of the DoD's newly established Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer Generative Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models Task Force, Task Force Lima. The AI and LLM Task Force is charged with focusing the DoD's exploration and responsible fielding of generative AI and LLM capabilities. While AI and LLM have revolutionized natural language processing in commercial applications, significant concerns must be addressed before the technology is fully deployed within the DoD. This study will explore the current biases in training data, ethical violations, security breaches, potential misuse, and challenges with AI and LLM interpretability. Industry, academic and government partnerships need to ensure a responsible and equitable deployment of LLMs that harnesses the full potential of the capabilities in a manner that is responsible, secure, and well understood by the end user community.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"105 3","pages":"130580H - 130580H-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141376937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. Nabi, Chiranjibi Shah, S. Y. Alaba, Ryan Caillouet, Jack H. Prior, Matthew Campbell, Farron Wallace, John E. Ball, Robert J. Moorhead
The deep neural network has found widespread application in object detection due to its high accuracy. However, its performance typically depends on the availability of a substantial volume of accurately labeled data. Several active learning approaches have been proposed to reduce the labeling dependency based on the confidence of the detector. Nevertheless, these approaches tend to exhibit biases toward high-performing classes, resulting in datasets that do not adequately represent the testing data. In this study, we introduce a comprehensive framework for active learning that considers both the uncertainty and the robustness of the detector, ensuring superior performance across all classes. The robustness-based score for active learning is calculated using the consistency between an image and its augmented version. Additionally, we leverage pseudo-labeling to mitigate potential distribution drift and enhance model performance. To address the challenge of setting the pseudo-labeling threshold, we introduce an adaptive threshold mechanism. This adaptability is crucial, as a fixed threshold can negatively impact performance, particularly for low-performing classes or during the initial stages of training. For our experiment, we employ the Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program Dataset 2021 (SEAMAPD21), comprising 130 fish species classes with 28,328 image samples. The results show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art method and significantly reduces the annotation cost. Furthermore, we benchmark our model’s performance against a public dataset (PASCAL VOC07), showcasing its effectiveness in comparison to existing methods.
{"title":"Inconsistency-based active learning with adaptive pseudo-labeling for fish species identification","authors":"M. M. Nabi, Chiranjibi Shah, S. Y. Alaba, Ryan Caillouet, Jack H. Prior, Matthew Campbell, Farron Wallace, John E. Ball, Robert J. Moorhead","doi":"10.1117/12.3013336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013336","url":null,"abstract":"The deep neural network has found widespread application in object detection due to its high accuracy. However, its performance typically depends on the availability of a substantial volume of accurately labeled data. Several active learning approaches have been proposed to reduce the labeling dependency based on the confidence of the detector. Nevertheless, these approaches tend to exhibit biases toward high-performing classes, resulting in datasets that do not adequately represent the testing data. In this study, we introduce a comprehensive framework for active learning that considers both the uncertainty and the robustness of the detector, ensuring superior performance across all classes. The robustness-based score for active learning is calculated using the consistency between an image and its augmented version. Additionally, we leverage pseudo-labeling to mitigate potential distribution drift and enhance model performance. To address the challenge of setting the pseudo-labeling threshold, we introduce an adaptive threshold mechanism. This adaptability is crucial, as a fixed threshold can negatively impact performance, particularly for low-performing classes or during the initial stages of training. For our experiment, we employ the Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program Dataset 2021 (SEAMAPD21), comprising 130 fish species classes with 28,328 image samples. The results show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art method and significantly reduces the annotation cost. Furthermore, we benchmark our model’s performance against a public dataset (PASCAL VOC07), showcasing its effectiveness in comparison to existing methods.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"33 S122","pages":"130610C - 130610C-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Terahertz (THz) spectrum, situated between microwave and infrared frequencies, is utilized for applications such as imaging and chemical analysis. This project aims to combine THz sensing with the Kalman Filter estimator, a recursive algorithm typically utilized for estimating data with high levels of noise. Upon a thorough effort, we investigate the prospects and challenges in THz sensing using the Kalman filter for assistance. Upon examining this area, we found an increasing pattern in combining THz wavelength technologies that boosts the precision and effectiveness of Kalman Filter applications in THz sensing. The topic being talked about is the significance of this technology in improving the dependability of detecting and measuring data in difficult conditions. Moreover, this document outlines essential advancements and trends in the field of THz sensing, as well as the progress in various disciplines that contribute to the development of THz sensing. This paper presents details about the current planning and disadvantages of utilizing Kalman Filters in THz sensing. It has served as a broad guide for both scientists and professionals, laying the groundwork for future advancements in this field. Incorporating these directivity methods not only enhances detection capabilities but also produces novel contributions to the field of THz sensing that also facilitate knowledge sharing.
{"title":"Terahertz sensing through the lens of the Kalman filter: a bibliometric exploration","authors":"Khaled Obaideen, Mohammad A. AlShabi, Talal Bonny","doi":"10.1117/12.3013848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013848","url":null,"abstract":"The Terahertz (THz) spectrum, situated between microwave and infrared frequencies, is utilized for applications such as imaging and chemical analysis. This project aims to combine THz sensing with the Kalman Filter estimator, a recursive algorithm typically utilized for estimating data with high levels of noise. Upon a thorough effort, we investigate the prospects and challenges in THz sensing using the Kalman filter for assistance. Upon examining this area, we found an increasing pattern in combining THz wavelength technologies that boosts the precision and effectiveness of Kalman Filter applications in THz sensing. The topic being talked about is the significance of this technology in improving the dependability of detecting and measuring data in difficult conditions. Moreover, this document outlines essential advancements and trends in the field of THz sensing, as well as the progress in various disciplines that contribute to the development of THz sensing. This paper presents details about the current planning and disadvantages of utilizing Kalman Filters in THz sensing. It has served as a broad guide for both scientists and professionals, laying the groundwork for future advancements in this field. Incorporating these directivity methods not only enhances detection capabilities but also produces novel contributions to the field of THz sensing that also facilitate knowledge sharing.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"159 2","pages":"130600I - 130600I-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141376228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sherman, Victoria Rosborough, Ruby Gans, Juan Ramirez, D. Kebort, Geoffrey Sitwell, Juergen Musolf, Henry Garrett, Tom Liu, Caleb McEwen, Trevor Cooper, Amin Nehrir, Gordon Morrison, Leif Johansson, M. Mashanovitch
Applications such as LIDAR, ranging/ sensing, and optical communications all require photonic components, such as sources, detectors, and modulators, to be integrated into a single system. For spaceborne applications, SWaP (size, weight and power) is a key consideration: a monolithic indium phosphide (InP) Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC) can integrate many components onto a chip with a footprint of a few square mm. Photonic Wirebonding (PWB) enables seamless integration of best-in-class optical devices from disparate materials. Connecting and mode-matching different photonic components enables versatility and functionality unachievable by other methods, facilitating co-packaging. PICs and PWBs do not yet have spaceflight heritage: demonstrating increased Technology Readiness Level (TRL) is a key step toward use in orbital and spaceborne missions. Freedom Photonics presents our first hermetic photonic wirebonded PIC package, alongside recent environmental testing results demonstrating that our PIC and PWB technologies are suitable for the harsh conditions of launch and spaceflight: shock, vibration, radiation, and temperature cycling.
{"title":"Enabling space-qualified opto-electronic systems through photonic wirebonding","authors":"J. Sherman, Victoria Rosborough, Ruby Gans, Juan Ramirez, D. Kebort, Geoffrey Sitwell, Juergen Musolf, Henry Garrett, Tom Liu, Caleb McEwen, Trevor Cooper, Amin Nehrir, Gordon Morrison, Leif Johansson, M. Mashanovitch","doi":"10.1117/12.3013559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013559","url":null,"abstract":"Applications such as LIDAR, ranging/ sensing, and optical communications all require photonic components, such as sources, detectors, and modulators, to be integrated into a single system. For spaceborne applications, SWaP (size, weight and power) is a key consideration: a monolithic indium phosphide (InP) Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC) can integrate many components onto a chip with a footprint of a few square mm. Photonic Wirebonding (PWB) enables seamless integration of best-in-class optical devices from disparate materials. Connecting and mode-matching different photonic components enables versatility and functionality unachievable by other methods, facilitating co-packaging. PICs and PWBs do not yet have spaceflight heritage: demonstrating increased Technology Readiness Level (TRL) is a key step toward use in orbital and spaceborne missions. Freedom Photonics presents our first hermetic photonic wirebonded PIC package, alongside recent environmental testing results demonstrating that our PIC and PWB technologies are suitable for the harsh conditions of launch and spaceflight: shock, vibration, radiation, and temperature cycling.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"3 6","pages":"1306206 - 1306206-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Upcoming space missions are expected to go farther from Earth and be more autonomous and self-sufficient. Most man-made satellites are controlled from Earth-based ground stations that also perform guidance and navigation functions. Onboard star trackers and GPS units are commonplace on satellites and part of the guidance, navigation and control systems, permitting in situ measurement and update to the guidance solution. However, without an extension of the network, GPS units are not expected to operate in deep space, making them suitable for spaceflight in the near-Earth orbits only. Star trackers, which use an optical payload, permit accurate pointing of the satellite via the methods of astrometry, but do not provide a full guidance and navigation solution. In this paper we explore characteristics of a generation-after-next satellite navigational sensor concept where, using optical or infrared spectral measurements in addition to the typical techniques of astrometry for locating stars, onboard autonomous computation of a navigational solution is possible. Spectral measurements allow estimation of stellar velocities, in addition to relative locations. We hypothesize that recent space missions have generated the star catalogs, with both position and velocity measurements, necessary to anchor measurements of the new conceptual sensor.
{"title":"Spectral characteristics of generation after next satellite navigational sensors","authors":"Jeremy Murray-Krezan, M. Bolden, Erin Griggs","doi":"10.1117/12.3012179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3012179","url":null,"abstract":"Upcoming space missions are expected to go farther from Earth and be more autonomous and self-sufficient. Most man-made satellites are controlled from Earth-based ground stations that also perform guidance and navigation functions. Onboard star trackers and GPS units are commonplace on satellites and part of the guidance, navigation and control systems, permitting in situ measurement and update to the guidance solution. However, without an extension of the network, GPS units are not expected to operate in deep space, making them suitable for spaceflight in the near-Earth orbits only. Star trackers, which use an optical payload, permit accurate pointing of the satellite via the methods of astrometry, but do not provide a full guidance and navigation solution. In this paper we explore characteristics of a generation-after-next satellite navigational sensor concept where, using optical or infrared spectral measurements in addition to the typical techniques of astrometry for locating stars, onboard autonomous computation of a navigational solution is possible. Spectral measurements allow estimation of stellar velocities, in addition to relative locations. We hypothesize that recent space missions have generated the star catalogs, with both position and velocity measurements, necessary to anchor measurements of the new conceptual sensor.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"6 6","pages":"1306202 - 1306202-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141378488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksey Panasyuk, Bryan Li, Christopher Callison-Burch
This study delves into the interconnected realms of Debates, Fake News, and Propaganda, with an emphasis on discerning prominent ideological underpinnings distinguishing Russian from English authors. Leveraging the advanced capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly GPT-4, we process and analyze a large corpus of over 80,000 Wikipedia articles to unearth significant insights. Despite the inherent linguistic distinctions between Russian and English texts, our research highlights the adeptness of LLMs in bridging these variances. Our approach includes translation, question generation and answering, along with emotional analysis, to probe the gathered information. A ranking metric based on the emotional content is used to assess the impact of our approach. Furthermore, our research identifies important limitations within existing data resources for propaganda identification. To address these challenges and foster future research, we present a curated synthetic dataset designed to encompass a diverse spectrum of topics and achieve balance across various propaganda types.
{"title":"Uncovering deep-rooted cultural differences (UNCOVER)","authors":"Aleksey Panasyuk, Bryan Li, Christopher Callison-Burch","doi":"10.1117/12.3012714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3012714","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the interconnected realms of Debates, Fake News, and Propaganda, with an emphasis on discerning prominent ideological underpinnings distinguishing Russian from English authors. Leveraging the advanced capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly GPT-4, we process and analyze a large corpus of over 80,000 Wikipedia articles to unearth significant insights. Despite the inherent linguistic distinctions between Russian and English texts, our research highlights the adeptness of LLMs in bridging these variances. Our approach includes translation, question generation and answering, along with emotional analysis, to probe the gathered information. A ranking metric based on the emotional content is used to assess the impact of our approach. Furthermore, our research identifies important limitations within existing data resources for propaganda identification. To address these challenges and foster future research, we present a curated synthetic dataset designed to encompass a diverse spectrum of topics and achieve balance across various propaganda types.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"89 1","pages":"130580Z - 130580Z-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141378385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justin Hartland, Dylan Ballback, Isaac Stitt, Ryan Taylor, Jacob Salazar, Ella Cheatham, Anuhya Suhas, Vishwam Rathod
In traditional classroom settings, spacecraft attitude dynamics and controls are typically presented through 2-D illustrations of complex 3-D dynamics. This often results in students finding it challenging to bridge the gap between theoretical physics and its practical, real-world applications. To address this challenge, our project aims to design, develop, and manufacture CubeSat controls testbeds. These testbeds are equipped with reaction wheels to enable autonomous attitude control system applications. Notably, each testbed will incorporate three distinct reaction wheels, each mounted orthogonally. This arrangement ensures precise attitude control in all three degrees of freedom. The versatility of these CubeSat testbeds allows users to explore and implement a broad range of control systems. These can range from classical PID controllers, state-space control methods, adaptive controllers, sliding mode control, to more advanced techniques like model predictive control, and robust control methods. The platform can serve both as an educational tool for students and a research apparatus for professionals. The ultimate vision for the CubeSat Reaction Wheel Attitude Control Platform is its seamless integration into a dedicated website called Easy Controls. Here, users worldwide can upload their control algorithms. They can then view a live stream of their algorithm being tested and operationalized in real-time on the physical hardware. This platform not only demystifies spacecraft control dynamics for learners but also fosters a global community of innovators collaborating and refining their control algorithms.
{"title":"CubeSat reaction wheel attitude control platform","authors":"Justin Hartland, Dylan Ballback, Isaac Stitt, Ryan Taylor, Jacob Salazar, Ella Cheatham, Anuhya Suhas, Vishwam Rathod","doi":"10.1117/12.3014002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014002","url":null,"abstract":"In traditional classroom settings, spacecraft attitude dynamics and controls are typically presented through 2-D illustrations of complex 3-D dynamics. This often results in students finding it challenging to bridge the gap between theoretical physics and its practical, real-world applications. To address this challenge, our project aims to design, develop, and manufacture CubeSat controls testbeds. These testbeds are equipped with reaction wheels to enable autonomous attitude control system applications. Notably, each testbed will incorporate three distinct reaction wheels, each mounted orthogonally. This arrangement ensures precise attitude control in all three degrees of freedom. The versatility of these CubeSat testbeds allows users to explore and implement a broad range of control systems. These can range from classical PID controllers, state-space control methods, adaptive controllers, sliding mode control, to more advanced techniques like model predictive control, and robust control methods. The platform can serve both as an educational tool for students and a research apparatus for professionals. The ultimate vision for the CubeSat Reaction Wheel Attitude Control Platform is its seamless integration into a dedicated website called Easy Controls. Here, users worldwide can upload their control algorithms. They can then view a live stream of their algorithm being tested and operationalized in real-time on the physical hardware. This platform not only demystifies spacecraft control dynamics for learners but also fosters a global community of innovators collaborating and refining their control algorithms.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"135 1‐2","pages":"130580X - 130580X-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141381383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zero Trust security is being adopted across companies and government organizations to continually verify cybersecurity requirements. This paper investigates architecture development methodologies that can develop a Zero Trust architecture that implements the missions of an enterprise. An enterprise architecture depends on an organization’s strategic priorities and should reflect the organization’s critical decisions. These decisions can be evaluated according to criteria such as interoperability, speed of operations tempo, and cyber-resilience to failures. Zero-Trust architectures must define alternatives tailored to missions. An enterprise architecture can then be developed that describes the context, operations, and resources associated with a strategic implementation decision. A multi-criteria decision-making method such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process can help guide the development and implementation of Zero Trust strategy. Zero Trust criteria are defined according to quality attributes associated with the DoD Reference Architecture Pillars, and security solutions are evaluated against how well they meet these criteria.
{"title":"Zero trust decision analysis for next generation networks","authors":"Joseph B. Kroculick","doi":"10.1117/12.3013993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013993","url":null,"abstract":"Zero Trust security is being adopted across companies and government organizations to continually verify cybersecurity requirements. This paper investigates architecture development methodologies that can develop a Zero Trust architecture that implements the missions of an enterprise. An enterprise architecture depends on an organization’s strategic priorities and should reflect the organization’s critical decisions. These decisions can be evaluated according to criteria such as interoperability, speed of operations tempo, and cyber-resilience to failures. Zero-Trust architectures must define alternatives tailored to missions. An enterprise architecture can then be developed that describes the context, operations, and resources associated with a strategic implementation decision. A multi-criteria decision-making method such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process can help guide the development and implementation of Zero Trust strategy. Zero Trust criteria are defined according to quality attributes associated with the DoD Reference Architecture Pillars, and security solutions are evaluated against how well they meet these criteria.","PeriodicalId":178341,"journal":{"name":"Defense + Commercial Sensing","volume":"13 1‐2","pages":"130580U - 130580U-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141381437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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