{"title":"Photoformation of Surface Relief in Diacetylene Thin Films","authors":"Youta Iwamoto, T. Ubukata","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89829763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motomu Tanaka, S. Senda, Takatsugu Endo, T. Tsukegi, K. Ninomiya, Kenji Takahashi
{"title":"Development of High Strength Herbaceous Composites Using Cellulose Based Materials","authors":"Motomu Tanaka, S. Senda, Takatsugu Endo, T. Tsukegi, K. Ninomiya, Kenji Takahashi","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88947007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Electron Spin Resonance ( ESR ) spectroscopic studies directed at clarifying the fundamentals of radical polymerizations have been conducted. Optimization of measurement conditions allows direct detection of radicals in polymerization reactions and well - resolved ESR spectra can be obtained. The spectra provide information not only on the structure, properties, and concentration of radicals but also information on the initiating and propagating ( oligomeric and polymeric ) radicals in radical polymerizations. A combination of ESR and atom transfer radical polymerization ( ATRP ) provided signi fi cant new information on the properties of radicals in radical polymerization, e.g. dependency of chain length, dynamics, and reactivity ( hydrogen transfer ) of propagating radicals. Up to now, it has been extremely di ffi cult, even impossible, to obtain such information from ESR spectra during conventional radical polymerization. To overcome this di ffi culty radical precursors of oligo - and poly ( meth ) acrylates were prepared by ATRP and puri fi ed. Model radicals, with given chain lengths were generated by the reaction of well de fi ned radical precursors with an organotin compound and were observed by ESR spectroscopy. tert - Butyl methacrylate ( t BMA ) radicals with various chain lengths showed clear chain length dependent ESR spectra. Especially, the ESR spectra of the dimeric model propagating radical were examined in detail at various temperatures.
{"title":"Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Studies of Radicals in the Initial Stage of Radical Polymerizations of tert-Butyl Methacrylate Using Model Radicals","authors":"H. Nakajima, A. Kajiwara","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Electron Spin Resonance ( ESR ) spectroscopic studies directed at clarifying the fundamentals of radical polymerizations have been conducted. Optimization of measurement conditions allows direct detection of radicals in polymerization reactions and well - resolved ESR spectra can be obtained. The spectra provide information not only on the structure, properties, and concentration of radicals but also information on the initiating and propagating ( oligomeric and polymeric ) radicals in radical polymerizations. A combination of ESR and atom transfer radical polymerization ( ATRP ) provided signi fi cant new information on the properties of radicals in radical polymerization, e.g. dependency of chain length, dynamics, and reactivity ( hydrogen transfer ) of propagating radicals. Up to now, it has been extremely di ffi cult, even impossible, to obtain such information from ESR spectra during conventional radical polymerization. To overcome this di ffi culty radical precursors of oligo - and poly ( meth ) acrylates were prepared by ATRP and puri fi ed. Model radicals, with given chain lengths were generated by the reaction of well de fi ned radical precursors with an organotin compound and were observed by ESR spectroscopy. tert - Butyl methacrylate ( t BMA ) radicals with various chain lengths showed clear chain length dependent ESR spectra. Especially, the ESR spectra of the dimeric model propagating radical were examined in detail at various temperatures.","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88856762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Iijima, Maiko Kawada, Yuna Sato, M. Pua, M. Kameyama
{"title":"Synthesis of Hetero-Telechelic Poly(ethylene glycol)s with a Carboxyl Group at the Alpha-Terminus","authors":"M. Iijima, Maiko Kawada, Yuna Sato, M. Pua, M. Kameyama","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77968282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Studies of Mid-Chain Radicals Formed During Radical Polymerizations of Acrylates","authors":"Satoe Arata, A. Kajiwara","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81297983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
, The aim of this study is to evaluate the adhesive properties of UV - curing liquid ( ink ) on a non - porous surface. We examined how the adhesive strength was a ff ected by the ink characteristics, as di ff erent type mono - functional monomers were used in the ink composition. The fl exibility of the cured fi lm structure seems to be crucial for improving adhesive strength, because a fl exible structure can relax the internal strain that exist between the substrate and the cured fi lm surface. It seem that when we use methacrylate type mono - functional monomers ( CHMA, HEMA ) in the ink composition, the two monomers play an important role in the ink system in order to reduce the crosslinking density of the cured fi lm. Also, we understood that acrylate type mono - functional monomers ( CHA, HBA ) were e ff ective to increase adhesive strength because of their low surface tension and less shrinkage, although the two inks containing each monomers formed relatively higher crosslinking density of cured fi lms than the methacrylate type ones.
{"title":"Adhesive Properties of UV-Curing Liquid for Non-Porous Surface—Influence of Monofunctional Monomer—","authors":"Kyoung-Mo Jeong, Sun-Goo Kim, Jeong-yong Ryu, Yong Kyu Lee, Ken'ichi Koseki","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0020","url":null,"abstract":", The aim of this study is to evaluate the adhesive properties of UV - curing liquid ( ink ) on a non - porous surface. We examined how the adhesive strength was a ff ected by the ink characteristics, as di ff erent type mono - functional monomers were used in the ink composition. The fl exibility of the cured fi lm structure seems to be crucial for improving adhesive strength, because a fl exible structure can relax the internal strain that exist between the substrate and the cured fi lm surface. It seem that when we use methacrylate type mono - functional monomers ( CHMA, HEMA ) in the ink composition, the two monomers play an important role in the ink system in order to reduce the crosslinking density of the cured fi lm. Also, we understood that acrylate type mono - functional monomers ( CHA, HBA ) were e ff ective to increase adhesive strength because of their low surface tension and less shrinkage, although the two inks containing each monomers formed relatively higher crosslinking density of cured fi lms than the methacrylate type ones.","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77556408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[Notes] We synthesized polyoxamides ( PX ) using various diamines and diphenyl - oxalate ( DPO ) and investigated their molecular weight, copolymer composition, thermal properties, mechanical properties, swelling behavior for electrolytes of lithium ion batteries ( LIB ) and adhesive properties with electrodes of LIB. We established a new method to synthesize PX with high molecular weight by using N - methylpyrrolidone as a synthesis solvent, setting temperature to 200 ° C and devising the order of charging diamine and DPO. All PXs synthesized in this study were crystalline polymers, harder than polyvinylidene - di - fl uoride ( PVdF ) and had smaller elongation than PVdF. Both, the saturated swelling ratios of PX for electrolytes of LIB and the changes in mechanical properties due to swelling were small. We found in this study that the adhesive properties of PX copolymers composed of 1,3 - bisaminomethylcyclohexane and hexamethylenediamine on both cathode and anode were good, but they were inferior to that of PVdF.
{"title":"Synthesis and Adhesive Properties of Polyoxamides for Binder Application of Lithium Ion Battery","authors":"Ikue Motomura, K. Shiomi, S. Maeda, K. Abe","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"[Notes] We synthesized polyoxamides ( PX ) using various diamines and diphenyl - oxalate ( DPO ) and investigated their molecular weight, copolymer composition, thermal properties, mechanical properties, swelling behavior for electrolytes of lithium ion batteries ( LIB ) and adhesive properties with electrodes of LIB. We established a new method to synthesize PX with high molecular weight by using N - methylpyrrolidone as a synthesis solvent, setting temperature to 200 ° C and devising the order of charging diamine and DPO. All PXs synthesized in this study were crystalline polymers, harder than polyvinylidene - di - fl uoride ( PVdF ) and had smaller elongation than PVdF. Both, the saturated swelling ratios of PX for electrolytes of LIB and the changes in mechanical properties due to swelling were small. We found in this study that the adhesive properties of PX copolymers composed of 1,3 - bisaminomethylcyclohexane and hexamethylenediamine on both cathode and anode were good, but they were inferior to that of PVdF.","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74587432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Risei Wada, R. Yoshida, Kazumasa Suzuki, Hidenobu Shimizu, M. Okabe
{"title":"Characterization of Syndiotactic Polystyrene Physical Gels Formed in Toluene/Chloroform Mixed Solvents","authors":"Risei Wada, R. Yoshida, Kazumasa Suzuki, Hidenobu Shimizu, M. Okabe","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90994347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Naga, Shun Fujioka, Megumi Kobayashi, Kazumasa Moriyama, H. Furukawa
Interpenetrating polymer network ( IPN ) gels have been synthesized by combination of networks formed by thiol - ene reaction of multifunctional compounds with bifunctional compounds ( 1st network ) and ring opening polymerization of poly ( ethylene glycol ) diglycidylether ( PEGDE ) ( 2nd network ) . The 1st network was formed by thiol - ene click reaction of a multi - functional vinyl siloxane, ( 1,3,5,7 - tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, TVMCTS ) and an alkyl dithiol, ( 1,10 - decane dithiol, DDT ) in toluene. The mechanical properties of the IPN gels were investigated by compression tests. The IPN gels showed a higher breaking stress and breaking point than the single network gel. The 1st network has been also synthesized by the thiol - ene reaction of multi - functional thiol compounds and poly ( ethylene glycol ) diacrylate in some organic solvents ( toluene, tetrahydrofuran ) . These IPN gels also showed higher breaking stress and breaking point in comparison with the corresponding single network gels. The IPN gels with PTMB showed higher Young ’ s modulus due to the physical entanglement between the 1st and 2nd networks. The reaction system of caster oil - hexamethylene diisocyanate ( HDI )/ epoxized soybean oil ( ESO ) was also usable to synthesize IPN gels. The 1st and 2nd networks were formed by the addition reaction of caster oil and HDI, and ring opening polymerization of ESO, respectively. The composition ratio and formation order of the 1st and 2nd network a ff ected the mechanical properties of the resulting IPN gels.
{"title":"Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of IPN Gels Synthesized by Addition Reaction between Multifunctional and Bifunctional Compounds Combined with Ring-Opening Polymerization of Multifunctional-Epoxides","authors":"N. Naga, Shun Fujioka, Megumi Kobayashi, Kazumasa Moriyama, H. Furukawa","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Interpenetrating polymer network ( IPN ) gels have been synthesized by combination of networks formed by thiol - ene reaction of multifunctional compounds with bifunctional compounds ( 1st network ) and ring opening polymerization of poly ( ethylene glycol ) diglycidylether ( PEGDE ) ( 2nd network ) . The 1st network was formed by thiol - ene click reaction of a multi - functional vinyl siloxane, ( 1,3,5,7 - tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, TVMCTS ) and an alkyl dithiol, ( 1,10 - decane dithiol, DDT ) in toluene. The mechanical properties of the IPN gels were investigated by compression tests. The IPN gels showed a higher breaking stress and breaking point than the single network gel. The 1st network has been also synthesized by the thiol - ene reaction of multi - functional thiol compounds and poly ( ethylene glycol ) diacrylate in some organic solvents ( toluene, tetrahydrofuran ) . These IPN gels also showed higher breaking stress and breaking point in comparison with the corresponding single network gels. The IPN gels with PTMB showed higher Young ’ s modulus due to the physical entanglement between the 1st and 2nd networks. The reaction system of caster oil - hexamethylene diisocyanate ( HDI )/ epoxized soybean oil ( ESO ) was also usable to synthesize IPN gels. The 1st and 2nd networks were formed by the addition reaction of caster oil and HDI, and ring opening polymerization of ESO, respectively. The composition ratio and formation order of the 1st and 2nd network a ff ected the mechanical properties of the resulting IPN gels.","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89595451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[Original The in fl uence of added divinylbenzene ( DVB ) cross - linked particles, having a diameter of 3µm and 30µm, on the lamellar microphase - separated structure of styrene - 1,4 - rich - isoprene ( SI ) diblock copolymer is investigated. The DVB particles readily sedimented in toluene solution of SI due to low dispersibility, therefore the particles were localized in the lower part of the solvent - cast fi lms. The lamellar structure, formed in the process, exhibited preferential orientation along the direction parallel to the fi lm surface, and the domain spacing along the perpendicular direction was lower than in the parallel direction. The degree of preferential lamellar orientation was lowered by adding the DVB particles, leading to an increment in the domain spacing. Furthermore, the DVB particles with larger diameter gave lower domain spacing, though they produced a lower degree of lamellar orientation.
{"title":"Effects of Addition of Large Particles on Lamellar Microphase-Separated Structure of Block Copolymer","authors":"Kentaro Tamada, N. Torikai, M. Kawaguchi","doi":"10.1295/KORON.2019-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KORON.2019-0018","url":null,"abstract":"[Original The in fl uence of added divinylbenzene ( DVB ) cross - linked particles, having a diameter of 3µm and 30µm, on the lamellar microphase - separated structure of styrene - 1,4 - rich - isoprene ( SI ) diblock copolymer is investigated. The DVB particles readily sedimented in toluene solution of SI due to low dispersibility, therefore the particles were localized in the lower part of the solvent - cast fi lms. The lamellar structure, formed in the process, exhibited preferential orientation along the direction parallel to the fi lm surface, and the domain spacing along the perpendicular direction was lower than in the parallel direction. The degree of preferential lamellar orientation was lowered by adding the DVB particles, leading to an increment in the domain spacing. Furthermore, the DVB particles with larger diameter gave lower domain spacing, though they produced a lower degree of lamellar orientation.","PeriodicalId":17878,"journal":{"name":"Kobunshi Ronbunshu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90079957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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