of South America (Martins et al., 2001), more specifically the east and northeast coasts of Brazil (IWC, 1998; 2005), from late austral autumn to late austral spring, when mating and calving occur (Martins et al., 2001). Around 500 to 800 remaining whales
南美洲(Martins et al.， 2001)，更具体地说，是巴西的东部和东北部海岸(IWC, 1998;2005年)，从南秋末到南春末，交配和产犊发生(Martins et al.， 2001)。大约有500到800头鲸鱼
{"title":"Collision of a kitesurfer with a humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the coast of Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil","authors":"M. Rodrigues","doi":"10.5597/lajam00308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00308","url":null,"abstract":"of South America (Martins et al., 2001), more specifically the east and northeast coasts of Brazil (IWC, 1998; 2005), from late austral autumn to late austral spring, when mating and calving occur (Martins et al., 2001). Around 500 to 800 remaining whales","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"357 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82623457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
week around the date of entanglement. So far, this is the first and only bycatch record available for the Caribbean Sea (see Bolaños-Jiménez et al., 2021), indicating a potentially low level of bycatch on the species in the region. This is consistent with Borobia et al. (2023), who found that the most important threats to marine mammals in the Caribbean Sea are noise pollution and vessel strikes. The date of this event (February) matches the peak of common minke whale presence in the Caribbean Sea (Mitchell, 1991; Bolaños-Jiménez et al., 2021). Interestingly, this is the first confirmed record of the presence of the species in Haitian waters, contributing to the growing knowledge of threats and the spatiotemporal distribution of the species in the WCR. Information on the presence of the minke whale ( Balaenoptera acutorostrata ) in tropical waters is scarce, but the Caribbean Sea has historically been considered a wintering ground for the population of the North Atlantic Ocean (
在恋爱日期的一周左右。到目前为止，这是加勒比海第一个也是唯一一个可获得的副渔获量记录(见Bolaños-Jiménez等人，2021年)，表明该地区该物种的副渔获量可能很低。这与Borobia等人(2023)的发现一致，他们发现加勒比海海洋哺乳动物面临的最重要威胁是噪音污染和船只撞击。这一事件发生的日期(2月)与加勒比海普通小须鲸出现的高峰期相吻合(Mitchell, 1991;Bolaños-Jiménez et al.， 2021)。有趣的是，这是海地水域首次确认该物种存在的记录，有助于增加对WCR中该物种的威胁和时空分布的了解。关于小须鲸(Balaenoptera acutorostrata)在热带水域存在的信息很少，但加勒比海历来被认为是北大西洋(
{"title":"First record of gillnet entanglement of a common minke whale calf (Balaenoptera acutorostrata, Lacépède, 1804) in Haiti, Greater Antilles, with a note on the local and regional fishing techniques","authors":"Jaime Bolaños‐Jiménez, Jamie Aquino, C. Vail","doi":"10.5597/lajam00305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00305","url":null,"abstract":"week around the date of entanglement. So far, this is the first and only bycatch record available for the Caribbean Sea (see Bolaños-Jiménez et al., 2021), indicating a potentially low level of bycatch on the species in the region. This is consistent with Borobia et al. (2023), who found that the most important threats to marine mammals in the Caribbean Sea are noise pollution and vessel strikes. The date of this event (February) matches the peak of common minke whale presence in the Caribbean Sea (Mitchell, 1991; Bolaños-Jiménez et al., 2021). Interestingly, this is the first confirmed record of the presence of the species in Haitian waters, contributing to the growing knowledge of threats and the spatiotemporal distribution of the species in the WCR. Information on the presence of the minke whale ( Balaenoptera acutorostrata ) in tropical waters is scarce, but the Caribbean Sea has historically been considered a wintering ground for the population of the North Atlantic Ocean (","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77911885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Weysfield, Amanda Cristina Da Silva, Priscila Izabel Alves Pereira De Medeiros, Vinícius Gabriel da Silva Santana, José Martins Da Silva Jr, F. Silva
The Projeto Golfinho Rotador (PGR, Spinner Dolphin Project) has systematically monitored the distribution, ecology, and behavior of cetaceans in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA) since 1990. During this period, the presence of spinner dolphins (Stenella longisrostris) was recorded in 93% of the days of the year, and occasionally another nine species of cetaceans. As of November 2021, the presence of a solitary bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), known as Kai, was observed in the FNA. This work aims to describe the frequent presence of the solitary bottlenose dolphin in the FNA, as well as the interactions between that individual and the spinner dolphins. The records were made from two land-based platforms on the main island, and by collecting information and images from collaborators, such as sailors and divers. From 10 November 2021 to 23 July 2022, between the first and last sightings, in 223 days of study and 2,210.22 h of sampling effort, 49 sightings of the bottlenose dolphin were recorded. It was an adult, offshore ecotype, of unidentified sex and apparently healthy. On days when Kai was sighted, the spinner dolphins stayed an average of 5.84 h in the area (SD ± 3.02), while on days without sightings the average permanence was 6.20 h (SD ± 2.65). There was no effect of the presence of Kai on the permanence of the spinner dolphins (Mann-Whitney, U = 1042; p = 0.678), with a predominance of neutral interactions. According to the habituation stages currently adopted, Kai was in stage two, in which it was already known by the local population, followed some boats, but still kept its distance from humans. The existence of legislation to protect cetaceans and the action of the PGR in the community may have helped with the non-progression of the habituation stage.
自1990年以来，飞旋海豚项目(PGR, Spinner Dolphin Project)系统地监测了费尔南多迪诺罗尼亚群岛(FNA)鲸类动物的分布、生态和行为。在此期间，一年中93%的日子里都有飞旋海豚(Stenella longisrostris)的存在，偶尔还有另外九种鲸目动物。截至2021年11月，在FNA观察到一只孤独的宽吻海豚(Tursiops truncatus)，被称为Kai。这项工作旨在描述孤独的宽吻海豚在FNA中的频繁存在，以及个体与旋转海豚之间的相互作用。这些记录是在主岛上的两个陆基平台上完成的，并从水手和潜水员等合作者那里收集了信息和图像。从2021年11月10日到2022年7月23日，在第一次和最后一次目击之间，在223天的研究和2210.22小时的采样努力中，记录了49次宽吻海豚目击。这是一只成年的离岸生态型，性别不明，看起来很健康。在发现Kai的日子里，飞旋海豚在该区域的平均停留时间为5.84 h (SD±3.02)，而在没有发现的日子里，平均停留时间为6.20 h (SD±2.65)。Kai的存在对旋海豚的持久性没有影响(Mann-Whitney, U = 1042;P = 0.678)，中性相互作用占优势。根据目前采用的习惯阶段，Kai处于第二阶段，在这个阶段它已经被当地居民所认识，跟随一些船只，但仍然与人类保持距离。保护鲸类动物的立法和社区中PGR的行动可能有助于适应阶段的不进展。
{"title":"Incidence of a solitary bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, and interactions with spinner dolphins, Stenella longirostris, in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil","authors":"F. Weysfield, Amanda Cristina Da Silva, Priscila Izabel Alves Pereira De Medeiros, Vinícius Gabriel da Silva Santana, José Martins Da Silva Jr, F. Silva","doi":"10.5597/lajam00307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00307","url":null,"abstract":"The Projeto Golfinho Rotador (PGR, Spinner Dolphin Project) has systematically monitored the distribution, ecology, and behavior of cetaceans in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA) since 1990. During this period, the presence of spinner dolphins (Stenella longisrostris) was recorded in 93% of the days of the year, and occasionally another nine species of cetaceans. As of November 2021, the presence of a solitary bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), known as Kai, was observed in the FNA. This work aims to describe the frequent presence of the solitary bottlenose dolphin in the FNA, as well as the interactions between that individual and the spinner dolphins. The records were made from two land-based platforms on the main island, and by collecting information and images from collaborators, such as sailors and divers. From 10 November 2021 to 23 July 2022, between the first and last sightings, in 223 days of study and 2,210.22 h of sampling effort, 49 sightings of the bottlenose dolphin were recorded. It was an adult, offshore ecotype, of unidentified sex and apparently healthy. On days when Kai was sighted, the spinner dolphins stayed an average of 5.84 h in the area (SD ± 3.02), while on days without sightings the average permanence was 6.20 h (SD ± 2.65). There was no effect of the presence of Kai on the permanence of the spinner dolphins (Mann-Whitney, U = 1042; p = 0.678), with a predominance of neutral interactions. According to the habituation stages currently adopted, Kai was in stage two, in which it was already known by the local population, followed some boats, but still kept its distance from humans. The existence of legislation to protect cetaceans and the action of the PGR in the community may have helped with the non-progression of the habituation stage.","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72819095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Urbán R., Lorena Viloria-Gómora, Simone Antichi, L. Valdovinos
The
的
{"title":"Molecular confirmation of Mesoplodon sp. A as M. peruvianus","authors":"J. Urbán R., Lorena Viloria-Gómora, Simone Antichi, L. Valdovinos","doi":"10.5597/lajam00306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00306","url":null,"abstract":"The","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88544710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mari Jose Escobar-Lazcano, E. Morteo, C. A. Delfín-Alfonso, Isabel Hernández-Candelario, L. G. Abarca-Arenas
Marine mammals are very diverse because of the oceanographic conditions of Mexican waters (where 36% of the current species worldwide are found); however, scientific research on many of these taxa is still at the basic stages. The goal of this study was to assess the scientific information available for these species and to determine research priorities through a GAP (from the acronym "Good", "Average", and "Poor”) analysis. Information from the abstracts of the meetings held by the Mexican Society of Marine Mammalogy (SOMEMMA) and online databases (SCOPUS and Web of Science) between 1998 and 2021 was analyzed using temporal (years), geographic (oceans or states), taxonomic (species), and thematic (topics) classifications. On average, of the 44 species included in the Mexican legislation, only 16 - included in 14 families (with most of the records) - are studied every year, Delphinidae (n = 500; 25.9%), Balaenopteridae (n = 335; 17.4%), and Otariidae (n = 316; 16.4%). The Gulf of California was the most studied region (35.4%), followed by the Northeast Pacific (19.3%), the Gulf of Mexico (15.5%), and the Caribbean Sea (6.9%). The most frequent topics were population ecology (32.9%), conservation (16.7%), and animal health (10.4%). A significant decrease in the taxonomic and thematic diversity of such studies has been noted since SOMEMMA meetings began to be held on a biennial basis. It is noteworthy that marine mammals are protected by Mexican Federal laws. However, stock assessments are not mandatory, therefore biological aspects and trends of several (mostly oceanic) species remain unknown in many places, especially in regions where academic and scientific institutions are not involved in marine science.
由于墨西哥水域的海洋学条件，海洋哺乳动物非常多样化(在那里发现了世界上36%的现有物种);然而，对这些分类群的科学研究仍处于基础阶段。本研究的目的是评估这些物种可用的科学信息，并通过GAP(来自“好”、“平均”和“差”的首字母缩写)分析确定研究重点。墨西哥海洋哺乳动物学会(SOMEMMA)和在线数据库(SCOPUS和Web of Science)在1998年至2021年间举行的会议摘要中的信息使用时间(年)、地理(海洋或州)、分类学(物种)和专题(主题)分类进行了分析。平均而言，在墨西哥立法中包括的44种物种中，每年只有16种——包括14科(有大多数记录)——被研究。25.9%)， Balaenopteridae (n = 335;17.4%)， Otariidae (316;16.4%)。加利福尼亚湾是研究最多的地区(35.4%)，其次是东北太平洋(19.3%)，墨西哥湾(15.5%)和加勒比海(6.9%)。最常见的话题是种群生态学(32.9%)、保护(16.7%)和动物健康(10.4%)。自从索马会议开始每两年举行一次以来，已注意到这类研究的分类和专题多样性大大减少。值得注意的是，海洋哺乳动物受到墨西哥联邦法律的保护。然而，种群评估不是强制性的，因此，在许多地方，特别是在学术和科学机构不参与海洋科学的区域，一些(主要是海洋)物种的生物方面和趋势仍然未知。
{"title":"Trends and gaps in marine mammal research from Mexico during 1998 – 2021","authors":"Mari Jose Escobar-Lazcano, E. Morteo, C. A. Delfín-Alfonso, Isabel Hernández-Candelario, L. G. Abarca-Arenas","doi":"10.5597/lajam00299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00299","url":null,"abstract":"Marine mammals are very diverse because of the oceanographic conditions of Mexican waters (where 36% of the current species worldwide are found); however, scientific research on many of these taxa is still at the basic stages. The goal of this study was to assess the scientific information available for these species and to determine research priorities through a GAP (from the acronym \"Good\", \"Average\", and \"Poor”) analysis. Information from the abstracts of the meetings held by the Mexican Society of Marine Mammalogy (SOMEMMA) and online databases (SCOPUS and Web of Science) between 1998 and 2021 was analyzed using temporal (years), geographic (oceans or states), taxonomic (species), and thematic (topics) classifications. On average, of the 44 species included in the Mexican legislation, only 16 - included in 14 families (with most of the records) - are studied every year, Delphinidae (n = 500; 25.9%), Balaenopteridae (n = 335; 17.4%), and Otariidae (n = 316; 16.4%). The Gulf of California was the most studied region (35.4%), followed by the Northeast Pacific (19.3%), the Gulf of Mexico (15.5%), and the Caribbean Sea (6.9%). The most frequent topics were population ecology (32.9%), conservation (16.7%), and animal health (10.4%). A significant decrease in the taxonomic and thematic diversity of such studies has been noted since SOMEMMA meetings began to be held on a biennial basis. It is noteworthy that marine mammals are protected by Mexican Federal laws. However, stock assessments are not mandatory, therefore biological aspects and trends of several (mostly oceanic) species remain unknown in many places, especially in regions where academic and scientific institutions are not involved in marine science.","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73429627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Amaral, M. Marmontel, D. de Souza, Camila De Carvalho, G. Valdevino, M. Guterres-Pazin, Daniela M. D. de Mello, D. Lima, Hilda Chávez-Pérez, V. D. da Silva
The last relevant work that reviewed the biological and conservation aspects of the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) was published almost 30 years ago. In these three decades, scientific knowledge about the species has advanced substantially. This review article updates knowledge about the various biological and conservation aspects of Amazonian manatee, summarizing the information present in the literature. Topics such as morphology, habitat, distribution, population aspects, food and feedings habits, reproduction, behavior, health, threats, status, and conservation efforts were addressed. The main actions already carried out, as well as the future strategies needed for the conservation of the Amazonian manatee, are also highlighted.
{"title":"Advances in the knowledge of the biology and conservation of the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis)","authors":"Rodrigo Amaral, M. Marmontel, D. de Souza, Camila De Carvalho, G. Valdevino, M. Guterres-Pazin, Daniela M. D. de Mello, D. Lima, Hilda Chávez-Pérez, V. D. da Silva","doi":"10.5597/lajam00296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00296","url":null,"abstract":"The last relevant work that reviewed the biological and conservation aspects of the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) was published almost 30 years ago. In these three decades, scientific knowledge about the species has advanced substantially. This review article updates knowledge about the various biological and conservation aspects of Amazonian manatee, summarizing the information present in the literature. Topics such as morphology, habitat, distribution, population aspects, food and feedings habits, reproduction, behavior, health, threats, status, and conservation efforts were addressed. The main actions already carried out, as well as the future strategies needed for the conservation of the Amazonian manatee, are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77915645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Viglino, Ana M. Valenzuela-Toro, A. Benites‐Palomino, Atzcalli Ehécatl Hernández-Cisneros, C. S. Gutstein, Gabriel Aguirre-Fernández, J. Vélez‐Juarbe, M. Cozzuol, M. Buono, C. Loch
Records of aquatic mammal fossils (e.g. cetaceans, pinnipeds, sirenians, mustelids, and desmostylians) from Latin America (Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, including Antartica) span since the mid-1800s. Aquatic mammal fossils received little attention from the scientific community, with most of the first studies conducted by Northern Hemisphere researchers. Over the last 30 years, paleontological research in Latin America has increased considerably, with descriptions of several new species and revisions of published original records. The Latin American fossil record of marine mammals spans from the Eocene to the Pleistocene, with formations and specimens of global significance. All three main groups of cetaceans are represented in the continent (Archaeoceti, Mysticeti, and Odontoceti). Pinnipedia are represented by the families Otariidae and Phocidae, with records starting in the Middle Miocene. Both living families of Sirenia (Trichechidae and Dugongidae) are recorded. While less common, but still relevant, records of desmostylians and mustelids are known from Oligocene and Miocene deposits. This review provides a summary of the aquatic mammals known to date, with a special focus on the advances and developments of the last 30 years, since Cozzuol’s (1996) review of the South American fossil record. An up-to-date complete list of species based on the literature and unpublished data is also provided. The study also provides future directions for paleontological research in Latin America, and discusses the challenges and opportunities in the field, including the emergence of a strong new generation of Latin American researchers, many of whom are women.
{"title":"Aquatic mammal fossils in Latin America – a review of records, advances and challenges in research in the last 30 years","authors":"M. Viglino, Ana M. Valenzuela-Toro, A. Benites‐Palomino, Atzcalli Ehécatl Hernández-Cisneros, C. S. Gutstein, Gabriel Aguirre-Fernández, J. Vélez‐Juarbe, M. Cozzuol, M. Buono, C. Loch","doi":"10.5597/lajam00295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00295","url":null,"abstract":"Records of aquatic mammal fossils (e.g. cetaceans, pinnipeds, sirenians, mustelids, and desmostylians) from Latin America (Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, including Antartica) span since the mid-1800s. Aquatic mammal fossils received little attention from the scientific community, with most of the first studies conducted by Northern Hemisphere researchers. Over the last 30 years, paleontological research in Latin America has increased considerably, with descriptions of several new species and revisions of published original records. The Latin American fossil record of marine mammals spans from the Eocene to the Pleistocene, with formations and specimens of global significance. All three main groups of cetaceans are represented in the continent (Archaeoceti, Mysticeti, and Odontoceti). Pinnipedia are represented by the families Otariidae and Phocidae, with records starting in the Middle Miocene. Both living families of Sirenia (Trichechidae and Dugongidae) are recorded. While less common, but still relevant, records of desmostylians and mustelids are known from Oligocene and Miocene deposits. This review provides a summary of the aquatic mammals known to date, with a special focus on the advances and developments of the last 30 years, since Cozzuol’s (1996) review of the South American fossil record. An up-to-date complete list of species based on the literature and unpublished data is also provided. The study also provides future directions for paleontological research in Latin America, and discusses the challenges and opportunities in the field, including the emergence of a strong new generation of Latin American researchers, many of whom are women.","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86880328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Loizaga, S. Caballero, H. Cunha, W. Gravena, Olga Herrerra-Trujillo, Fernando Lopes, Lucas Milmann, P. H. Ott, M. J. Pérez‐Álvarez, J. I. Túnez, C. Durante, L. R. de Oliveira
Ecological information useful for conservation purposes have benefitted from recent and rapid advancements in genetic techniques, revealing unknown aspects of behavior, natural history, population structure and demography of several aquatic mammal species, many of them with conservation concerns. Molecular markers have been used to define management units, to settle taxonomic uncertainties, to control illegal wildlife trade, among others, providing valuable information to decision-making to conserve and manage aquatic mammals. We review genetic studies applied to conservation-related issues involving natural populations of more than 40 species of aquatic mammals in Latin America, covering four taxonomic groups. The main goal was to assess which genetic approaches have been used and to identify gaps in genetic research relating to geographic areas and species. We reviewed studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2011 and 2022, and found that most were focused on population structure, phylogeography, gene flow and dispersal movements. The review revealed that researchers need to increase and improve the knowledge in those species which face major conservation concern. Scarce findings were related to forensics and its application to wildlife trade. In the era of next-generation-sequencing techniques, just a few studies used genomics as a tool for monitoring gene diversity, an important goal to help us predict how species will cope with climate change events. Looking to the future we suggest which species, geographic areas and genetic studies should be prioritized in a scenario of climate change and increased human threats (e.g., fishery bycatch, habitat degradation, etc.) and the urgent need for conservation actions. Finally, we highlight the benefits of the collaborative works and the necessity of generating a conservation genetic network, with an open agenda to discuss the local and regional problematics. All in all, we strongly emphasize the generation of critical information towards the effective conservation and management of aquatic mammals in Latin America.
{"title":"Latin American aquatic mammals: an overview of 12 years focusing on molecular techniques applied to conservation","authors":"R. Loizaga, S. Caballero, H. Cunha, W. Gravena, Olga Herrerra-Trujillo, Fernando Lopes, Lucas Milmann, P. H. Ott, M. J. Pérez‐Álvarez, J. I. Túnez, C. Durante, L. R. de Oliveira","doi":"10.5597/lajam00303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00303","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological information useful for conservation purposes have benefitted from recent and rapid advancements in genetic techniques, revealing unknown aspects of behavior, natural history, population structure and demography of several aquatic mammal species, many of them with conservation concerns. Molecular markers have been used to define management units, to settle taxonomic uncertainties, to control illegal wildlife trade, among others, providing valuable information to decision-making to conserve and manage aquatic mammals. We review genetic studies applied to conservation-related issues involving natural populations of more than 40 species of aquatic mammals in Latin America, covering four taxonomic groups. The main goal was to assess which genetic approaches have been used and to identify gaps in genetic research relating to geographic areas and species. We reviewed studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2011 and 2022, and found that most were focused on population structure, phylogeography, gene flow and dispersal movements. The review revealed that researchers need to increase and improve the knowledge in those species which face major conservation concern. Scarce findings were related to forensics and its application to wildlife trade. In the era of next-generation-sequencing techniques, just a few studies used genomics as a tool for monitoring gene diversity, an important goal to help us predict how species will cope with climate change events. Looking to the future we suggest which species, geographic areas and genetic studies should be prioritized in a scenario of climate change and increased human threats (e.g., fishery bycatch, habitat degradation, etc.) and the urgent need for conservation actions. Finally, we highlight the benefits of the collaborative works and the necessity of generating a conservation genetic network, with an open agenda to discuss the local and regional problematics. All in all, we strongly emphasize the generation of critical information towards the effective conservation and management of aquatic mammals in Latin America.","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86334964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Gonzalez-Socoloske, Nataly Castelblanco-Martínez, C. Loch, A. Pacheco, M. Marmontel
{"title":"Editorial: Twenty years of the Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","authors":"D. Gonzalez-Socoloske, Nataly Castelblanco-Martínez, C. Loch, A. Pacheco, M. Marmontel","doi":"10.5597/lajam00293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82323049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manatees are aquatic mammals that live in a variety of environments. Many of those shallow water environments have murky water, making detection using traditional visual surveys very challenging. Side-scan sonar was first proposed as a tool to detect and study manatees in these complicated habitats in 2005. Here, we summarize the use of this tool from 2005 to 2022 by searching the available literature. Our literature search revealed that this tool is being widely used in more than 20 locations and over 15 countries. All three manatee species are being studied with side-scan sonar. It is most useful in murky freshwater habitats that are not too deep or open (e.g., large lagoons or lakes), where visual surveys are not effective. Most studies used side-scan sonar in combination with other methodologies such as passive acoustics and indirect evidence. Work is still needed to standardize the use of this technique so that image interpretation can be reliable, and results can be compared between studies. However, most studies indicated that this tool is essential in murky water habitats and provides one of the best ways to detect and study manatees.
{"title":"Seeing in the dark: A review of the use of side-scan sonar to detect and study manatees, with an emphasis on Latin America","authors":"D. Gonzalez-Socoloske, L. D. Olivera-Gómez","doi":"10.5597/lajam00301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5597/lajam00301","url":null,"abstract":"Manatees are aquatic mammals that live in a variety of environments. Many of those shallow water environments have murky water, making detection using traditional visual surveys very challenging. Side-scan sonar was first proposed as a tool to detect and study manatees in these complicated habitats in 2005. Here, we summarize the use of this tool from 2005 to 2022 by searching the available literature. Our literature search revealed that this tool is being widely used in more than 20 locations and over 15 countries. All three manatee species are being studied with side-scan sonar. It is most useful in murky freshwater habitats that are not too deep or open (e.g., large lagoons or lakes), where visual surveys are not effective. Most studies used side-scan sonar in combination with other methodologies such as passive acoustics and indirect evidence. Work is still needed to standardize the use of this technique so that image interpretation can be reliable, and results can be compared between studies. However, most studies indicated that this tool is essential in murky water habitats and provides one of the best ways to detect and study manatees. ","PeriodicalId":17967,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85295778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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