Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2105
A. Rahmansyah, Z. Zulfikar, B. Umroh
In general, household waste water pipelines use plastic pipes of PVC type that are not environmentally friendly and are relatively expensive. Therefore, this research will design molds and manufacture of composite pipes using raw materials of clampshell powder. The raw material used is clampshell powder with the composition of MgO and CaO compounds which is about 22.28% and 66.70%. The mixture of materials used consisted of clampshell powder with a size of 40 mesh, catalyst, and unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix. The objective of this study is manufacture of water pipes made from polymer composites reinforced by clampshell powder. Composite pipe manufacturing is carried out using the casting method. Pipe molds are made of stainless steel with a diameter of 40.46 mm (1.6 in) and an outer diameter of 50.8 mm (2 in). This mold size follows SNI 06-0084-2002 standards. The results of the study, water pipes from polymer composite material reinforced by clampshell powder with an inner diameter size of 40.64 mm and varying outside diameter. This variation depends on the composition of the clampshell powder in composite materials. The greater the clampshell powder composition, the more easily the maximum pipe wall thickness can be obtained. The average wall thickness variation is 3.35 mm. This variation is still included in the polymer water pipe requirements, which is a minimum of 2 mm.
{"title":"Manufacture of Water Pipe From Clampshell Powder Materials","authors":"A. Rahmansyah, Z. Zulfikar, B. Umroh","doi":"10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2105","url":null,"abstract":"In general, household waste water pipelines use plastic pipes of PVC type that are not environmentally friendly and are relatively expensive. Therefore, this research will design molds and manufacture of composite pipes using raw materials of clampshell powder. The raw material used is clampshell powder with the composition of MgO and CaO compounds which is about 22.28% and 66.70%. The mixture of materials used consisted of clampshell powder with a size of 40 mesh, catalyst, and unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix. The objective of this study is manufacture of water pipes made from polymer composites reinforced by clampshell powder. Composite pipe manufacturing is carried out using the casting method. Pipe molds are made of stainless steel with a diameter of 40.46 mm (1.6 in) and an outer diameter of 50.8 mm (2 in). This mold size follows SNI 06-0084-2002 standards. The results of the study, water pipes from polymer composite material reinforced by clampshell powder with an inner diameter size of 40.64 mm and varying outside diameter. This variation depends on the composition of the clampshell powder in composite materials. The greater the clampshell powder composition, the more easily the maximum pipe wall thickness can be obtained. The average wall thickness variation is 3.35 mm. This variation is still included in the polymer water pipe requirements, which is a minimum of 2 mm.","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114098094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2006
Muhammad Idris Hutasuhut
Cadangan bahan bakar fosil Indonesia akan segera habis. Indonesia harus segera melakukan inovasi dan temuan bahan bakar alternative untuk menggatikan bahan bakar fosil tersebut untuk menghindari krisis dan isu lingkungan. Biomassa sebagai salah satu sumber bahan bakar alternative yang tersedia dalam jumlah banyak di Indonesia. Melalui beberapa tahapan proses biomassa dapat dirubah menjadi bahan bakar bioethanol. Salah satu proses yang dimaksud dengan cara termokimia yaitu distilasi. Distilasi merupakan proses pemisahan fasa berdasarkan titik didih fasa itu sendiri. Uap mengalir dalam pipa masuk ke dalam kondensor dengan ukuran Ø 8.89x10-2 m dan panjang L 3.4 x10-2. Didalam kondesnor terjadi perpindahan panas secara konveksi. Perbedaan temperature pada proses kondensasi antara fluida uap yang mengalir dalam pipa dengan fluida air pendingin yang mendinginkan dinding kondesor direkam menggunakan perankat akuisisi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perpindahan panas konveksi pada kondensor dan mengitung hasil luaran bioethanol secara teoritis berdasarkan massa kondensat uap fermentor. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh perpindahan panas konveksi sebesar 0.2752 kW. Laju massa uap fermentor 1.192 x 10-4 kg/s, koefisien perpindahan kalor kondensasi 340.7161 W/m2 OC, laju massa kondensat 1.01x 10-5 kg/s. Laju massa kondensat yang diperoleh 8% merupakan hasil luaran biofuel atau bioethanol.AbstractIndonesia's fossil fuel reserves will soon run out. Indonesia must immediately innovate and search alternative fuels to replace fossil fuels to avoid crises and environmental issues. Biomass as one of the alternative sources of fuel available in large quantities in Indonesia. Through several stages, the process of biomass can be converted into bioethanol fuel. One of the processes referred to by thermochemical methods is distillation. Distillation is a phase separation process based on the boiling point itself. Steam flows in the pipe into the condenser with a size of Ø 8.89x10-2 m and length L 3.4 x10-2. In the condenser, there is convection heat transfer. The temperature difference in the condensation process between the vapor fluid flowing in the pipe and the cooling water fluid that cools the condenser wall is recorded using the acquisition role. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the convection heat transfer in the condenser and to calculate the bioethanol output theoretically based on the mass of the fermentor vapor condensate. From the analysis results obtained convection heat transfer of 0.2752 kW. The fermentor vapor mass rate is 1,192 x 10-4 kg / s, the condensation heat transfer coefficient is 340.7161 W / m2 OC, the condensate mass rate is 1.01x 10-5 kg / s. The condensate mass rate obtained by 8% is the result of biofuel or bioethanol output.
印尼的化石燃料储备即将耗尽。印度尼西亚必须立即进行创新和替代燃料发明，以更好地减少化石燃料，以避免环境危机和问题。生物质量是印尼可供大量使用的替代燃料的来源之一。经过几个阶段的生物质量可以转化为生物乙醇燃料。其中一个过程叫做蒸馏，叫做热化学蒸馏。蒸馏是根据相位的沸点进行相位分离的过程。蒸汽管道中流动进入冷凝器Ø8 . 89x10-2 m的大小和长度L 3。4 x10-2。在餐馆里，热交换是对流的。湿度的差异是蒸汽在管道中流动的液体与冷却墙体的冷却器之间的凝结过程因此，这项研究的目的是分析冷凝器上的对流传导，并在理论上根据fermentor蒸气的冷凝器质量进行调节。分析结果显示，102752的对流对流。fermentor - 1192×104公斤/s, calor位移系数冷凝340.7161 W/m2 OC，冷凝质量速率1.01x 105公斤/s。生物燃料或生物乙醇产生的冷凝质量速率为8%。AbstractIndonesia的化石燃料储备很快就会耗尽。印度尼西亚必须immediately innovate和search另类化石理论to replace理论到什么crises和环境问题。在印度尼西亚的许多地区，替代燃料的可替代资源是可替代的。通过好几个阶段,生物质能之过程可以成为converted进入bioethanol燃油。一号》processes referred to: thermochemical方法是distillation。Distillation a l分离的过程是改编自《沸点不由自主。成蒸汽在《冷凝器管进入aØ8 . 89x10-2 m的大小和长度正好和我3。4 x10-2。《冷凝器,# convection热转移。不同的温度》《冒condensation的过程之间使用流动的水液在《管与库尔那cools冷凝器长城用的是recorded收购的角色。这就是,这个研究aims to analyze convection热转移》《bioethanol冷凝器和to calculate输出理论上弥撒》改编自冒发酵剂condensate。从《分析results获得convection热转移的0。2752 kW。《蒸汽发酵剂冒团率1,192×10 kg / s,是condensation热转移coefficient是340。OC 7161 W / m2,《condensate团率是1 . 01x比分公斤/ s。《condensate团率获得由8%是生物燃料或bioethanol输出的论点。
{"title":"ANALISIS PERPINDAHAN KALOR KONDENSOR PADA PROSES DISTILASI BIOETANOL SEBAGAI BIOFUEL DARI CAMPURAN LIMBAH BUAH SALAK DENGAN LIMBAH AIR KELAPA","authors":"Muhammad Idris Hutasuhut","doi":"10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2006","url":null,"abstract":" Cadangan bahan bakar fosil Indonesia akan segera habis. Indonesia harus segera melakukan inovasi dan temuan bahan bakar alternative untuk menggatikan bahan bakar fosil tersebut untuk menghindari krisis dan isu lingkungan. Biomassa sebagai salah satu sumber bahan bakar alternative yang tersedia dalam jumlah banyak di Indonesia. Melalui beberapa tahapan proses biomassa dapat dirubah menjadi bahan bakar bioethanol. Salah satu proses yang dimaksud dengan cara termokimia yaitu distilasi. Distilasi merupakan proses pemisahan fasa berdasarkan titik didih fasa itu sendiri. Uap mengalir dalam pipa masuk ke dalam kondensor dengan ukuran Ø 8.89x10-2 m dan panjang L 3.4 x10-2. Didalam kondesnor terjadi perpindahan panas secara konveksi. Perbedaan temperature pada proses kondensasi antara fluida uap yang mengalir dalam pipa dengan fluida air pendingin yang mendinginkan dinding kondesor direkam menggunakan perankat akuisisi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perpindahan panas konveksi pada kondensor dan mengitung hasil luaran bioethanol secara teoritis berdasarkan massa kondensat uap fermentor. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh perpindahan panas konveksi sebesar 0.2752 kW. Laju massa uap fermentor 1.192 x 10-4 kg/s, koefisien perpindahan kalor kondensasi 340.7161 W/m2 OC, laju massa kondensat 1.01x 10-5 kg/s. Laju massa kondensat yang diperoleh 8% merupakan hasil luaran biofuel atau bioethanol.AbstractIndonesia's fossil fuel reserves will soon run out. Indonesia must immediately innovate and search alternative fuels to replace fossil fuels to avoid crises and environmental issues. Biomass as one of the alternative sources of fuel available in large quantities in Indonesia. Through several stages, the process of biomass can be converted into bioethanol fuel. One of the processes referred to by thermochemical methods is distillation. Distillation is a phase separation process based on the boiling point itself. Steam flows in the pipe into the condenser with a size of Ø 8.89x10-2 m and length L 3.4 x10-2. In the condenser, there is convection heat transfer. The temperature difference in the condensation process between the vapor fluid flowing in the pipe and the cooling water fluid that cools the condenser wall is recorded using the acquisition role. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the convection heat transfer in the condenser and to calculate the bioethanol output theoretically based on the mass of the fermentor vapor condensate. From the analysis results obtained convection heat transfer of 0.2752 kW. The fermentor vapor mass rate is 1,192 x 10-4 kg / s, the condensation heat transfer coefficient is 340.7161 W / m2 OC, the condensate mass rate is 1.01x 10-5 kg / s. The condensate mass rate obtained by 8% is the result of biofuel or bioethanol output. ","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115624242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2154
Darianto Darianto
Indonesia kaya akan sumber hayati, salah satunya adalah gudang sumber penghasil protein hewani khususnya ikan. Pengasapan adalah salah satunya cara pengawetan ikan yang dapat dilakukan dengan peralatan yang sederhana dan mudah didapat serta harganya murah. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah analisa nilai kalor yang dibutuhkan, produktivitas asap, aliran pada lemari pengasapan, dan kadar air pada ikan. Berat ikan yang diasapi dalam penelitian ini adalah 500 kg. Bahan bakar yang digunakan untuk pengasapan ikan adalah kayu jati, dimana kayu ini dipilih sebagai bahan bakar karena sifatnya yang keras, sehingga dapat menghasilkan asap yang tebal dan mengeluarkan aroma yang cukup baik untuk ikan asap. Berdasarkan hasil analisa, besar kalor yang dibutuhkan dalam satu siklus proses pengasapan ikan ialah 375.000 kkal. Bahan bakar yang digunakan sebelum finishing pengasapan yaitu sebanyak 120 kg dan untuk finishing pengasapan menggunakan bahan bakar sebanyak 30 kg. Bilangan Re dari proses pengasapan ialah 12450 atau lebih besar dari 4000. Oleh karena itu, jenis aliran yang mengalir pada dapur pengasapan ialah jenis turbulen. Kadar air yang masih tersisa dalam produk ialah 13,4 %. Hal ini masih dibawah batas ambang yang dipersayaratkan oleh SNI, yaitu maksimal 60%.
{"title":"Analisa Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Proses Pengasapan Pada Mesin Pengasapan Ikan Lele","authors":"Darianto Darianto","doi":"10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2154","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia kaya akan sumber hayati, salah satunya adalah gudang sumber penghasil protein hewani khususnya ikan. Pengasapan adalah salah satunya cara pengawetan ikan yang dapat dilakukan dengan peralatan yang sederhana dan mudah didapat serta harganya murah. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah analisa nilai kalor yang dibutuhkan, produktivitas asap, aliran pada lemari pengasapan, dan kadar air pada ikan. Berat ikan yang diasapi dalam penelitian ini adalah 500 kg. Bahan bakar yang digunakan untuk pengasapan ikan adalah kayu jati, dimana kayu ini dipilih sebagai bahan bakar karena sifatnya yang keras, sehingga dapat menghasilkan asap yang tebal dan mengeluarkan aroma yang cukup baik untuk ikan asap. Berdasarkan hasil analisa, besar kalor yang dibutuhkan dalam satu siklus proses pengasapan ikan ialah 375.000 kkal. Bahan bakar yang digunakan sebelum finishing pengasapan yaitu sebanyak 120 kg dan untuk finishing pengasapan menggunakan bahan bakar sebanyak 30 kg. Bilangan Re dari proses pengasapan ialah 12450 atau lebih besar dari 4000. Oleh karena itu, jenis aliran yang mengalir pada dapur pengasapan ialah jenis turbulen. Kadar air yang masih tersisa dalam produk ialah 13,4 %. Hal ini masih dibawah batas ambang yang dipersayaratkan oleh SNI, yaitu maksimal 60%.","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115523014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2111
Amiruddin Syam
Gas metana ini merupakan gas rumah kaca yang 21 x lebih merusak dari pada karbondioksida. Dampak terjadinya kelebihan tekanan akan terlihat api yang lebih tinggi dari cerobong flare, dan kemungkinan besar bisa mengakibatkan kebakaran di area pengolahan biogas.Dari hasil analisis kinerja biogas flare yang didapat secara langsung dari Biogas Pabrik Ukindo adalah untuk tekanan 8-15 kpa, kandungan metana 40 – 60%,dan temperatur pembakaran 1000 – 1200 ˚C, untuk emisi gas rumah kaca didapat dari hasil perhitungannya adalah Emisi CO2 dari bahan bakar gas dengan emisi CH4 berdasarkan faktor emisi per tahun = 206,26 x 107lb/yr, dan untuk kerugian tekanan yang terjadi pada pemipaan total adalah 0,1035 Pa
这种甲烷是一种比二氧化碳更具破坏性的温室气体。过度压力的影响将会从烟囱中看到更高的火焰，更有可能在沼气处理场引发火灾。性能的分析结果直接从沼气工厂Ukindo沼气的耀斑是为8 - 15千帕的压力时,甲烷含量40—60%,燃烧温度1000——1200˚C,得到的计算结果是温室气体排放的CO2和CH4排放气体燃料的排放每年根据排放因素= x 206.26 107lb / yr,为压力管道的遭遇的损失总共是0.1035 Pa
{"title":"Analisa Kelebihan Tekanan Pada Saat Pembakaran Gas Berlebih Pada Flare","authors":"Amiruddin Syam","doi":"10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2111","url":null,"abstract":"Gas metana ini merupakan gas rumah kaca yang 21 x lebih merusak dari pada karbondioksida. Dampak terjadinya kelebihan tekanan akan terlihat api yang lebih tinggi dari cerobong flare, dan kemungkinan besar bisa mengakibatkan kebakaran di area pengolahan biogas.Dari hasil analisis kinerja biogas flare yang didapat secara langsung dari Biogas Pabrik Ukindo adalah untuk tekanan 8-15 kpa, kandungan metana 40 – 60%,dan temperatur pembakaran 1000 – 1200 ˚C, untuk emisi gas rumah kaca didapat dari hasil perhitungannya adalah Emisi CO2 dari bahan bakar gas dengan emisi CH4 berdasarkan faktor emisi per tahun = 206,26 x 107lb/yr, dan untuk kerugian tekanan yang terjadi pada pemipaan total adalah 0,1035 Pa","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134030788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2115
C. Siregar
Alat destilasi surya tipe kolektor plat datar merupakan alat yang berfungsi sebagai pengubah air laut menjadi air tawar dengan energi matahari dengan memodifikasi jarak kaca penutup untuk dapat memanfaatkan panas hasil kondensasi. Dengan memanfaatkan panas tersebut diharapkan uap air yang dihasilkan akan lebih banyak. Dengan memvariasikan jarak kaca penutup dengan fiber hitam 15 mm, 25 mm, dan 35 mm diharapkan dapat ditemukan jarak kaca penutup yang efektif, yang lebih banyak menghasilkan air tawar. Hasil dari penelitian di dapat untuk jarak kaca penutup 15 mm, 25 mm, dan 35 mm ini masing – masing mampu menghasilkan air tawar 450 ml, 420 ml, dan 398 ml. Dari hasil ini bisa disimpulkan bahwa untuk jarak kaca penutup 15 mm mempunyai hasil lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jarak kaca penutup 25 mm dan 35 mm.
{"title":"Pengaruh Jarak Kaca Terhadap Efisiensi Alat Destilasi Air Laut yang Memanfaatkan Energi Matahari di Kota Medan","authors":"C. Siregar","doi":"10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2115","url":null,"abstract":"Alat destilasi surya tipe kolektor plat datar merupakan alat yang berfungsi sebagai pengubah air laut menjadi air tawar dengan energi matahari dengan memodifikasi jarak kaca penutup untuk dapat memanfaatkan panas hasil kondensasi. Dengan memanfaatkan panas tersebut diharapkan uap air yang dihasilkan akan lebih banyak. Dengan memvariasikan jarak kaca penutup dengan fiber hitam 15 mm, 25 mm, dan 35 mm diharapkan dapat ditemukan jarak kaca penutup yang efektif, yang lebih banyak menghasilkan air tawar. Hasil dari penelitian di dapat untuk jarak kaca penutup 15 mm, 25 mm, dan 35 mm ini masing – masing mampu menghasilkan air tawar 450 ml, 420 ml, dan 398 ml. Dari hasil ini bisa disimpulkan bahwa untuk jarak kaca penutup 15 mm mempunyai hasil lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jarak kaca penutup 25 mm dan 35 mm.","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115212957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2120
Husin Ibrahim
Pada umumnya peralatan PLTBS di PT. Ukindo telah dirancang, dengan peralatan khusus dalam memproduksi listrik, seperti Engine gas dan generator agar keamanan serta keselamatan pekerjanya terjamin. Salah satunya Pabrik kelapa sawit sebagai penghasil energi listrik terbarukan, terlebih dalam bentuk limbah cair pks. Kinerja PKS Ukindo cukup bagus, dengan didapatkan kesetabilan TBS diolah selama lima tahun terakhir, dengan rata-rata mengolah diataston 300 TBS/tahun. Sebagian bahan baku TBS diperoleh dari pihak ketiga. Dari hasil analisis perhitungan maka diperoleh daya terbangkit 1,3 MW. Perhitungan ini menggunakan asumsi pada produksi terendah pada tahun 2014. Jika kemudian jumlah TBS diolah lebih besar, maka potensi daya yang dihasilkan jika akan lebih besar, sehingga analisis daya terpasang masih bisa meningkat.
{"title":"Unjuk Kerja Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Menggunakan Biogas Limbah Cair Pada Pabrik Kelapa Sawit","authors":"Husin Ibrahim","doi":"10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/jmemme.v2i2.2120","url":null,"abstract":"Pada umumnya peralatan PLTBS di PT. Ukindo telah dirancang, dengan peralatan khusus dalam memproduksi listrik, seperti Engine gas dan generator agar keamanan serta keselamatan pekerjanya terjamin. Salah satunya Pabrik kelapa sawit sebagai penghasil energi listrik terbarukan, terlebih dalam bentuk limbah cair pks. Kinerja PKS Ukindo cukup bagus, dengan didapatkan kesetabilan TBS diolah selama lima tahun terakhir, dengan rata-rata mengolah diataston 300 TBS/tahun. Sebagian bahan baku TBS diperoleh dari pihak ketiga. Dari hasil analisis perhitungan maka diperoleh daya terbangkit 1,3 MW. Perhitungan ini menggunakan asumsi pada produksi terendah pada tahun 2014. Jika kemudian jumlah TBS diolah lebih besar, maka potensi daya yang dihasilkan jika akan lebih besar, sehingga analisis daya terpasang masih bisa meningkat.","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122670369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2110
Z. Zulfikar
Typical technology for processing red onion affects the quality of red onion produced. The process of drying red onion is one of the important factors in producing the best quality of red onion. Environmentally friendly and easy operation and maintenance technology is the desired technology. In the process of engine design, the strength of the material and structure are the main factors of the building of the machine. Calculation with finite element method (FEM) is the best choice to obtain information on stress distribution on a machine structure. In this study, the calculation of the FEM method was assisted by Ansys APDL 15.0 software. The objectives of this study were: (1) calculation of the load on the tray structure, (2) the distribution of stress on the tray structure, seat, and frame for red onion dryers, and (3) analyzing the strength of the material using the Tresca and Energy Distortion methods. The input load comes from the weight of the tray and red onion. The analytical method used is the finite element method with the type of structural analysis and Beam 3Node 189 element type. Based on the FEM simulation results, the maximum stress that occurs in the tray is 1.22 MPa and the maximum deflection is 0.0055 mm. The maximum stress in the tray support structure is 33.25 MPa and the maximum deflection is 0.014 mm. The maximum stress on the frame structure of the onion drying machine is 0.89 MPa and the maximum deflection is 0.000235 mm which occurs in the middle of the machine structure. Using the Tresca and Distortion Energy theories, it is found that the stresses that occur are still far from the failure criteria for all structures. Likewise, the deflection that occurs is very small so that the construction of the onion drying machine is safe to use.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation on The Onion Dryer Frame Capacity of 5 kg/hour","authors":"Z. Zulfikar","doi":"10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/JMEMME.V2I2.2110","url":null,"abstract":"Typical technology for processing red onion affects the quality of red onion produced. The process of drying red onion is one of the important factors in producing the best quality of red onion. Environmentally friendly and easy operation and maintenance technology is the desired technology. In the process of engine design, the strength of the material and structure are the main factors of the building of the machine. Calculation with finite element method (FEM) is the best choice to obtain information on stress distribution on a machine structure. In this study, the calculation of the FEM method was assisted by Ansys APDL 15.0 software. The objectives of this study were: (1) calculation of the load on the tray structure, (2) the distribution of stress on the tray structure, seat, and frame for red onion dryers, and (3) analyzing the strength of the material using the Tresca and Energy Distortion methods. The input load comes from the weight of the tray and red onion. The analytical method used is the finite element method with the type of structural analysis and Beam 3Node 189 element type. Based on the FEM simulation results, the maximum stress that occurs in the tray is 1.22 MPa and the maximum deflection is 0.0055 mm. The maximum stress in the tray support structure is 33.25 MPa and the maximum deflection is 0.014 mm. The maximum stress on the frame structure of the onion drying machine is 0.89 MPa and the maximum deflection is 0.000235 mm which occurs in the middle of the machine structure. Using the Tresca and Distortion Energy theories, it is found that the stresses that occur are still far from the failure criteria for all structures. Likewise, the deflection that occurs is very small so that the construction of the onion drying machine is safe to use.","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133717713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-13DOI: 10.31289/jmemme.v2i1.1654
Budi Harto, B. Umroh, Darianto Darianto
This study aims to investigate tools wear and wear mechanisms when machining high-rate extreme minimum lathe AISI 4140 material in hard and dry cutting conditions. Cutting tool made from CBN CB7015 Sandvik Coromant production is used for turning of AISI 4140 steel in order to obtain the failure mode of tool and the wear mechanism of the cutting tool. The machining process is carried out under dry cutting conditions with variations of high velocity Vc, feeding rate f, and a cutting depth a at minimum rate conditions. The wear growth curve obtained shows that the CBN tool undergoes three phases: the initial phase, the gradual phase, and the abrupt phase. From the results of the study found that the failure modes that occur are flank wear, crater wear, flaking, chipping, and fracturing catastrophic failure. The wear mechanism that occurs in outline is caused by abrasive, adhesive, and diffusion processes. While the cracks and fractures that occur due to a combination of impact load and thermal shock
{"title":"Study on the CBN Tool Wear Mechanism on Dry High-Rate Turning Process for AISI 4140","authors":"Budi Harto, B. Umroh, Darianto Darianto","doi":"10.31289/jmemme.v2i1.1654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/jmemme.v2i1.1654","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate tools wear and wear mechanisms when machining high-rate extreme minimum lathe AISI 4140 material in hard and dry cutting conditions. Cutting tool made from CBN CB7015 Sandvik Coromant production is used for turning of AISI 4140 steel in order to obtain the failure mode of tool and the wear mechanism of the cutting tool. The machining process is carried out under dry cutting conditions with variations of high velocity Vc, feeding rate f, and a cutting depth a at minimum rate conditions. The wear growth curve obtained shows that the CBN tool undergoes three phases: the initial phase, the gradual phase, and the abrupt phase. From the results of the study found that the failure modes that occur are flank wear, crater wear, flaking, chipping, and fracturing catastrophic failure. The wear mechanism that occurs in outline is caused by abrasive, adhesive, and diffusion processes. While the cracks and fractures that occur due to a combination of impact load and thermal shock","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115103612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-13DOI: 10.31289/JMEMME.V2I1.1652
Darianto Darianto, B. Umroh, Amrinsyah Amrinsyah, Z. Zulfikar
In general, golf players only know the techniques used in Golf games, but do not know the golf sticks response that occurs when the ball is hit. Referred to as response is the stress and strain that arises from the impact load that occurs when the hitting member touches the ball. The objectives of this research are: (a) to analyze golf sticks response when impact occurs, and (2) to know the stress distribution that occurs in golf sticks. The golf stick design in this study uses the autodesk inventor software. The material used is Titanium for head stick and Graphite for stick rod. The basic principle of this study is based on simple swing pendulum method. The variables that will be used for simulation are: swing speed, that is difference between start and end speed, that is Δv = 272,2 m / s, impact time, which is the time when the ball touches the batter Δt = 0.0005 seconds, the volume of the head of the stick Vo = 96,727 mm3, the cross-sectional area of the stick A = 63,504 mm2, the head mass of the sticks ρ = 4620 kg / m3, and the modulus of titanium elasticity 9.6 e +10 Pa. From the simulation result on the surface of the golf club hitter is obtained as follows: σmax = 2.1231e +10 Pa at 1.231e-06 s, emax = 0.22115 m / m at 1.231e-06 s, and the maximum stress and strain is located in the area the connection between the stick and the head of the stick.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation on Mechanical Strength of a Wooden Golf Stick","authors":"Darianto Darianto, B. Umroh, Amrinsyah Amrinsyah, Z. Zulfikar","doi":"10.31289/JMEMME.V2I1.1652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/JMEMME.V2I1.1652","url":null,"abstract":"In general, golf players only know the techniques used in Golf games, but do not know the golf sticks response that occurs when the ball is hit. Referred to as response is the stress and strain that arises from the impact load that occurs when the hitting member touches the ball. The objectives of this research are: (a) to analyze golf sticks response when impact occurs, and (2) to know the stress distribution that occurs in golf sticks. The golf stick design in this study uses the autodesk inventor software. The material used is Titanium for head stick and Graphite for stick rod. The basic principle of this study is based on simple swing pendulum method. The variables that will be used for simulation are: swing speed, that is difference between start and end speed, that is Δv = 272,2 m / s, impact time, which is the time when the ball touches the batter Δt = 0.0005 seconds, the volume of the head of the stick Vo = 96,727 mm3, the cross-sectional area of the stick A = 63,504 mm2, the head mass of the sticks ρ = 4620 kg / m3, and the modulus of titanium elasticity 9.6 e +10 Pa. From the simulation result on the surface of the golf club hitter is obtained as follows: σmax = 2.1231e +10 Pa at 1.231e-06 s, emax = 0.22115 m / m at 1.231e-06 s, and the maximum stress and strain is located in the area the connection between the stick and the head of the stick.","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123088835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-13DOI: 10.31289/JMEMME.V2I1.1655
Amrinsyah Amrinsyah, A. syam, Darianto Darianto, Z. Zulfikar
The important part which has a function as supporting of superheater header on the boiler recovery type (RB) is a couple of support plate which is hanged on the hanger rod. This part is very difficult to analyze by experimental because there are in a tight insulation and heavy duty condition. This research aim to obtain the stress distribution that happened on the plate as the effect of static load in simulation mode. The model is designed base on the dimension of real support plate size 400x200 mm and thickness 15 mm. It is use the FEM software of Ansys version 5.4. The theory of failure analysis of Tresca and von Mises become the reference for materials strength. The area contact theory of b represents the reference to determine the length of stress area along curve of both contact area. The material that is used is from steel ASTM A514 with the yield strength 690 MPa. The Result is stress distribution along curve and also critical point which has possibility failure occurs on the support plate. The analysis result could be a reference for the development of the further construction.
{"title":"Numerical Study on Plate Holders Pipe Recovery Boiler Superheater","authors":"Amrinsyah Amrinsyah, A. syam, Darianto Darianto, Z. Zulfikar","doi":"10.31289/JMEMME.V2I1.1655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31289/JMEMME.V2I1.1655","url":null,"abstract":"The important part which has a function as supporting of superheater header on the boiler recovery type (RB) is a couple of support plate which is hanged on the hanger rod. This part is very difficult to analyze by experimental because there are in a tight insulation and heavy duty condition. This research aim to obtain the stress distribution that happened on the plate as the effect of static load in simulation mode. The model is designed base on the dimension of real support plate size 400x200 mm and thickness 15 mm. It is use the FEM software of Ansys version 5.4. The theory of failure analysis of Tresca and von Mises become the reference for materials strength. The area contact theory of b represents the reference to determine the length of stress area along curve of both contact area. The material that is used is from steel ASTM A514 with the yield strength 690 MPa. The Result is stress distribution along curve and also critical point which has possibility failure occurs on the support plate. The analysis result could be a reference for the development of the further construction.","PeriodicalId":179692,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116150228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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