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The Mental Health Needs of African American Rural Grandparents 非裔美国农村祖父母的心理健康需求
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100166
T. Woods
The research examined the experiences of African American grandmothers living in rural communities providing care to their grandchildren. The study explored the health, mental health, physical functioning, well-being, support, and resources of these grandmothers. The grandmothers reported challenges and needs which included their own health issues, lack of support and resources, financial concerns, transportation and childcare issues. The findings revealed that developing health education programs and other formal supports focusing on health, mental health and resources have a positive effect on the grandmother’s perceptions regarding their health and support.
这项研究调查了生活在农村社区的非裔美国祖母照顾孙辈的经历。该研究探讨了这些祖母的健康、心理健康、身体功能、幸福感、支持和资源。祖母们报告了挑战和需求,其中包括她们自己的健康问题、缺乏支持和资源、财务问题、交通和儿童保育问题。研究结果显示,发展健康教育计划和其他以健康、心理健康和资源为重点的正式支持对祖母对他们的健康和支持的看法有积极的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological Mechanism of Weight-Loss among Chinese Female College Students 中国女大学生减肥的心理机制
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100173
Lizhu Yang, Xiaoxi Li, X. Shen, Suo Jin, Aimin Wang
Objectives: Given the high pressure of weight-loss face by Chinese female college students and the lack of studies on the psychological mechanism of the weight-loss behaviors of this particular group, the present study investigated the interrelationships among the planning, self-regulation, and volitional self-efficacy, which were identified as the most significant three factors influencing the weight-loss of this population.Methods: Five hundred (n=500) female college students were recruited from three colleges in China. The collected data include participants’ planning, self-regulation, volitional self-efficacy, and weight-loss result. Wen, Zhang, Hou, & Liu’s (2004) three-step procedure was adopted to test the mediating effects of self-regulation and volitional self-efficacy, respectively, between planning and weight-loss result.Results: The mediating effects of self-regulation and volitional self-efficacy were confirmed. Based upon those, a recursive model was proposed to show a joint impact from the interrelated planning, self-regulation, and volitional self-efficacy to weight-loss result.Discussion: This study gained an in-depth understanding of both direct and indirect influences between planning to weight-loss. The recursive model sheds light on the potential promoting effect of the planning to weight-loss result through an enhanced self-regulation and volitional self-efficacy. The found psychological mechanism of Chinese female college students’ weight-loss behaviors pave the road for the studies of intervention.
目的:针对中国女大学生面临的高减肥压力和对这一特殊群体减肥行为心理机制的研究不足,本研究探讨了计划、自我调节和意志自我效能感三者之间的相互关系,并将其确定为影响这一群体减肥最显著的三个因素。方法:从全国三所高校招募女大学生500名(n=500)。收集的数据包括参与者的计划、自我调节、意志自我效能和减肥结果。采用Wen, Zhang, Hou, & Liu(2004)的三步程序分别检验自我调节和意志自我效能在计划与减肥结果之间的中介作用。结果:证实了自我调节和意志自我效能的中介作用。在此基础上,提出了一个递归模型,以显示相互关联的计划、自我调节和意志自我效能对减肥结果的共同影响。讨论:本研究深入了解了计划对减肥的直接和间接影响。递归模型揭示了计划通过增强自我调节和意志自我效能对减肥结果的潜在促进作用。发现了中国女大学生减肥行为的心理机制,为干预研究铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Evidence Based Practice Methods for Trafficking Survivors 为贩运幸存者探索基于证据的实践方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100146
Nairruti Jani, Jayanta Gupta, Yaro Garcia
Human trafficking is a major crime with millions of victims globally. The issue has come to increased attention in the past twenty-five years, and much progress has been made in rescue efforts by law enforcement agencies. Unfortunately, the same pace has not been seen in understanding the public health crisis associated with this, nor has much attention been paid to the psychological consequences and treatment. Although a number of risk and protective factors for the health consequences of human trafficking victims have been identified, there is still a dearth of information in the area of intervention and treatment. In reviewing current literature, we could not find articles comparing the different components of prevailing trauma treatment strategies, and the potential usefulness of these strategies in the treatment of human trafficking victims. To this end, we surveyed mental health professionals from Florida about their experience in working with this population and treatment strategies they have found effective in working with this population. Based on prevailing research, we also tried to understand the usefulness of current treatment strategies and methods used with this population. Based on the results of our study, we conclude that mental health providers who work with human trafficking victims should become aware of treatment efficacy. Further research on the effectiveness of treatment strategies used with victims/survivors of human trafficking is needed to validate our recommendations.
人口贩运是一项重大犯罪,全球有数百万受害者。在过去的25年里,这个问题受到越来越多的关注,执法机构的救援工作取得了很大进展。不幸的是,在理解与此相关的公共卫生危机方面,没有看到同样的速度,也没有对心理后果和治疗给予太多关注。虽然已经确定了人口贩运受害者健康后果的一些风险和保护因素,但在干预和治疗领域仍然缺乏信息。在回顾现有文献时,我们找不到比较流行的创伤治疗策略的不同组成部分以及这些策略在治疗人口贩运受害者方面的潜在有用性的文章。为此,我们调查了来自佛罗里达州的心理健康专家,了解他们与这一人群打交道的经验,以及他们发现的有效治疗策略。基于目前的研究,我们也试图了解当前治疗策略和方法对这一人群的有用性。根据我们的研究结果,我们得出结论,为人口贩运受害者提供服务的心理健康提供者应该意识到治疗效果。需要进一步研究贩运人口受害者/幸存者的治疗策略的有效性,以验证我们的建议。
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引用次数: 0
A Sociology of Viral Pandemics 病毒流行的社会学
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100138
D. Monk
Sociology provides a framework for addressing the biosocial implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Social science in general, specifically sociology, examines the social implications of disease on social interaction, social structures, and society as a whole [1]. Our social order is a complex system of interrelated parts. Changes in the health and well-being of a population can have a significant impact on the normal function of society.Viral disease has both anticipated and unanticipated consequences for society. It is inevitable that viral disease will spread through out large populations of people. This is particularly the case with respect to densely populated urban centers. The spread of disease is facilitated by our modes and frequency of social contact. The importance of wearing a mask and “physical distancing” are the key factors in addressing the spread of viral disease in a given population.
社会学为解决COVID-19大流行的生物社会影响提供了一个框架。一般来说,社会科学,特别是社会学,研究疾病对社会互动、社会结构和整个社会的社会影响[1]。我们的社会秩序是一个由相互关联的部分组成的复杂系统。人口健康和福祉的变化可对社会的正常运转产生重大影响。病毒性疾病对社会既有可预见的后果,也有不可预见的后果。病毒性疾病在大量人群中传播是不可避免的。在人口密集的城市中心,情况尤其如此。我们社会接触的方式和频率促进了疾病的传播。戴口罩和“保持身体距离”的重要性是解决病毒性疾病在特定人群中传播的关键因素。
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引用次数: 0
How Anxiety Our Adult Patients Before Venepuncture Procedure: A Study in UiTM Medical Centre Sungai Buloh (UiTMMC) 成年患者在静脉穿刺手术前的焦虑程度:在Sungai Buloh (UiTMMC)医疗中心进行的一项研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100163
I. Dalawi, M. Isa, Khasnur Abd Malik, Faizul Haris Mohd Hatta, Muhammad Fairuz Rahmat
Background: Venepuncture is one of the commonest stressful invasive procedures in the health care setting. Unfortunately, to date, there was a lack of locally published studies that studied anxiety, especially before the procedure among adult patients. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the factors associated with the state and trait-anxiety among adult patients before the venepuncture procedure in UiTMMC.Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among patients while waiting for a venepuncture procedure in March 2020. Patients aged 18 years old and above, Malaysian, able to understand English or Malay and had experienced venepuncture in UiTMMC were recruited. Malay validated version of the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI) Questionnaire was used to assess the anxiety level. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Version 26.0, and multiple linear regression was used to determine the associated factors for state and trait-anxiety before the venepuncture procedure.Results: A total of 330 patients with a mean age of 46.34 ± 14.34 years participated in this study. The mean of the state-anxiety score was 38.02 ± 14.25 and the mean trait-anxiety score was 36.46 ± 11.47. The correlation between state-anxiety and trait-anxiety scores was highly significant (r=0.870, p<0.001). Factors associated with state-anxiety and trait-anxiety contributed with 72.6% and 58.5% variances, respectively.Conclusions: Adult patients who waiting for venepuncture in were average low state and trait anxiety scores. Although the associated factors were majority non-modifiable, this finding still can instil awareness to the health care workers who are dealing with needle procedurals.
背景:静脉穿刺是医疗环境中最常见的压力侵入性手术之一。不幸的是,到目前为止,还没有在当地发表的关于焦虑的研究,特别是在成年患者手术前的研究。因此,本研究旨在确定与UiTMMC成人患者静脉穿刺手术前状态和特质焦虑相关的因素。方法:在2020年3月等待静脉穿刺手术的患者中进行了一项横断面试点研究。患者年龄在18岁及以上,马来西亚人,能够理解英语或马来语,并在UiTMMC经历过静脉穿刺。马来语验证版的状态-特质-焦虑量表(STAI)被用来评估焦虑水平。采用IBM SPSS Version 26.0对数据进行分析,并采用多元线性回归确定静脉穿刺手术前状态和特质焦虑的相关因素。结果:共纳入330例患者,平均年龄46.34±14.34岁。状态焦虑得分均值为38.02±14.25分,特质焦虑得分均值为36.46±11.47分。状态焦虑与特质焦虑评分的相关性极显著(r=0.870, p<0.001)。与状态焦虑和特质焦虑相关的因素分别贡献了72.6%和58.5%的方差。结论:等待静脉穿刺的成年患者状态焦虑和特质焦虑得分均较低。虽然相关因素大多数是不可改变的,但这一发现仍然可以向正在处理针头程序的卫生保健工作者灌输意识。
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引用次数: 0
Substance Use Disorder Treatment and Nutrition: A Multidisciplinary Approach 物质使用障碍治疗和营养:多学科方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100117
Carmela Y. Drake
In light of the call for addiction treatment reform, this conceptual manuscript discusses the importance of using a multidisciplinary approach to treating substance use disorder. The concept of incorporating a registered dietician to the multidisciplinary approach supports the moniker of providing a “holistic” approach of substance use disorder treatment. The implementation of registered dieticians takes on more of a biopsychosocial (holistic) approach to treating and sustaining recovery for individuals with substance use disorders. Research supporting the incorporation of registered dieticians is also discussed.
鉴于呼吁成瘾治疗改革,这一概念手稿讨论了使用多学科方法治疗物质使用障碍的重要性。将注册营养师纳入多学科方法的概念支持提供物质使用障碍治疗的“整体”方法的绰号。注册营养师的实施更多地采用生物心理社会(整体)方法来治疗和维持物质使用障碍患者的康复。研究支持注册营养师的合并也进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Culture in the 21st Century: Implications for Counseling & Psychotherapy 理解21世纪的文化:对心理咨询和心理治疗的启示
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100169
Andre Marseille
Culture governs a group's way of life that is passed from one generation to the next. It shapes what people make, think, value, and do to ensure their existence. It influences what we think is appropriate, what we eat, drink, wear, what we believe and much more. Culture is simple yet complex. It is static yet dynamic. Each generation acts upon it, causing modifications, even though the basic components such as language, religious practices, and system of government usually resist significant change. Like a river, culture has many sources [1,2]. Given the dynamic nature of culture, this article discusses an interpretation and reinterpretation of culture as the world moves into a modern era of globalization where cross-cultural exchanges are the norm. This paradigm shift creates a host of new challenges for organizations and mental health professionals as they seek to find new strategies to effectively address a new globalized world where self-expression, individualism and a re-invigorated awareness of interpersonal connection is upon us. This article seeks to address these issues and provide some strategies for effective cross-cultural awareness and mental health counseling.
文化支配着一个群体代代相传的生活方式。它塑造了人们的创造、思考、价值和行为,以确保他们的存在。它影响着我们认为什么是合适的,我们吃什么,喝什么,穿什么,我们相信什么等等。文化是简单而复杂的。它是静态的,也是动态的。尽管语言、宗教习俗和政府制度等基本组成部分通常抵制重大变革,但每一代人都对它采取行动,造成修改。文化就像河流一样,有很多源头[1,2]。鉴于文化的动态性,本文讨论了随着世界进入跨文化交流成为常态的现代全球化时代,对文化的解释和再解释。这种模式的转变给组织和心理健康专业人士带来了许多新的挑战,因为他们寻求新的策略来有效地应对一个新的全球化世界,在这个世界上,自我表达、个人主义和人际关系的重新焕发活力的意识正在向我们袭来。本文旨在解决这些问题,并提供一些有效的跨文化意识和心理健康咨询策略。
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引用次数: 0
Wraparound as a Community Mental Health Service Philosophy for Children and Adolescents 儿童和青少年社区心理健康服务理念
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100147
Emarely Rosa-Dávila, Victor Lozada
Wraparound is a mental health services philosophy for children and adolescents. This philosophy includes a defined planning process that involves the child, adolescent, and family in making treatment decisions. As a result, it creates a unique set of individualized community services and natural supports to achieve multiple positive outcomes. This philosophy requires a work process that sometimes becomes uncomfortable for professionals in the mental health area since it takes us away from what we learned in the academy or what the agency we work expects us. This practice invites us to take off the hat of experts in our area of expertise. This article aims to present the Wraparound philosophy as an alternative for community mental health services at the tertiary prevention level for children and adolescents. Also, as an effective process in which communities learn to care for and protect their members by keeping them in the least restrictive environment.
“围绕”是儿童和青少年的心理健康服务理念。这一理念包括一个明确的计划过程,让儿童、青少年和家庭参与治疗决策。因此,它创造了一套独特的个性化社区服务和自然支持,以实现多种积极成果。这种理念所需要的工作过程有时会让心理健康领域的专业人士感到不舒服,因为它让我们远离了我们在学院学到的东西,或者我们工作的机构对我们的期望。这种做法要求我们在我们的专门知识领域中摘下专家的帽子。这篇文章的目的是提出围绕哲学作为替代社区精神卫生服务在三级预防水平的儿童和青少年。此外,作为一个有效的过程,社区学会照顾和保护其成员,使他们处于限制最少的环境中。
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引用次数: 0
The Essential Need to Clearly Define Addiction Criticism in Literature Studies 明确文学研究中成瘾批评的必要性
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100141
J. Walter
Upon reading The Second Edition of The Bedford Glossary of Critical Literary Terms, I was surprised to find that many traditionally uncharted fields of exploration in literature are being given critical attention; postcolonial studies, race (and literary studies), queer theory, feminist criticism, cultural criticism, ecocriticism, disability criticism, and gender criticism have emerged and evolved tremendously in recent years [1]. We are living in Prospero’s “Brave New World” in which traditionally marginalized voices are being involved in the larger intellectual discussion. We’re addressing that making fun of the mute or mentally handicapped in literature is a microcosm of society’s larger prevailing attitudes towards the disabled. Likewise, we’re accessing how personifying Nature in literature can further the prevailing attitudes that Nature is merely a subservient means for men to use to preserve humans’ reflective image. Literature criticism has made great strides, but we still have much more room to grow because an essential question remains unaddressed: Why isn’t addiction criticism a clearly defined field of study in literature?
在阅读《贝德福德批评文学术语表》第二版时,我惊讶地发现,许多传统上未知的文学探索领域正受到批评的关注;近年来,后殖民研究、种族(和文学研究)、酷儿理论、女权主义批评、文化批评、生态批评、残疾批评和性别批评都出现了,并得到了巨大的发展[1]。我们正生活在普洛斯彼罗的“美丽新世界”中,传统上被边缘化的声音正参与到更大的智力讨论中。我们认为,文学作品中对哑巴或智障人士的取笑是社会对残疾人普遍态度的一个缩影。同样,我们也看到了文学中自然的人格化如何进一步加深了人们的普遍看法,即自然只是人们用来保存人类反思形象的一种屈从手段。文学批评已经取得了长足的进步,但我们仍有很大的发展空间,因为一个基本问题仍未得到解决:为什么成瘾批评不是文学研究中一个明确界定的领域?
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引用次数: 0
A Beacon of Light: Applying Choice Theory to the COVID-19 Pandemic 光明的灯塔:选择理论在COVID-19大流行中的应用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jmhsb1100151
Kristin A. Vincenzes, Ian T. MacGregor, M. Monaghan
This paper provides an application of William Glasser’s (1998) choice theory and Randy Pausch’s (2007) “lessons learned” to the current worldwide health pandemic, COVID-19. Reflective questions are included to support mental health workers as they engage with people impacted by COVID-19. Implications for consumers, providers, and policymakers are provided.
本文将William Glasser(1998)的选择理论和Randy Pausch(2007)的“经验教训”应用于当前的全球健康大流行COVID-19。包括反思性问题,以支持精神卫生工作者与受COVID-19影响的人接触。本文提供了对消费者、提供者和决策者的启示。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Mental Health and Social Behaviour
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