Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994421
L. Liu, S. Sangani, K. Patterson, J. Fung, A. Lamontagne
Gait asymmetry, one of the hallmarks of post stroke locomotion, often persists despite gait rehabilitation interventions, impacting negatively on functional mobility. This pilot study examines the feasibility and instantaneous effects of real time visual feedback provided in the form of an avatar on gait symmetry. Preliminary results obtained from seven chronic stroke survivors showed no improvements in step length and step time ratios while using three avatar views (back, frontal and paretic side). Improvements in lower limb joint angle symmetry, however, were observed. Faster walking speed and larger paretic step length were also noted during the adaptation and post-adaptation phases. We are currently extending the study to a larger sample to validate the use of real time visual feedback to enhance spatial parameters of gait among stroke survivors.
{"title":"Effects of real-time visual feedback in the form of a virtual avatar on symmetry and other parameters of gait post stroke","authors":"L. Liu, S. Sangani, K. Patterson, J. Fung, A. Lamontagne","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994421","url":null,"abstract":"Gait asymmetry, one of the hallmarks of post stroke locomotion, often persists despite gait rehabilitation interventions, impacting negatively on functional mobility. This pilot study examines the feasibility and instantaneous effects of real time visual feedback provided in the form of an avatar on gait symmetry. Preliminary results obtained from seven chronic stroke survivors showed no improvements in step length and step time ratios while using three avatar views (back, frontal and paretic side). Improvements in lower limb joint angle symmetry, however, were observed. Faster walking speed and larger paretic step length were also noted during the adaptation and post-adaptation phases. We are currently extending the study to a larger sample to validate the use of real time visual feedback to enhance spatial parameters of gait among stroke survivors.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115316115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994509
Lei Ma, F. Tornetta, W. Egan, W. G. Wright
Traumatic brain injury by gunshot creates a variety of unique sequelae that can be very challenging for clinicians to develop rehabilitation interventions. This case report presents an example of supplementing traditional physical therapy with virtual reality training for a patient who suffered a penetrating traumatic brain injury to the back of the head. By personalizing and modulating the virtual scenes to the patient’s deficits and tolerance for virtual reality exposure, the patient was able to progress in his rehabilitation, which had plateaued after traditional therapy alone. At the conclusion of his rehabilitation, the patient showed clinically meaningful improvements in functional mobility assessments and subjective self-reports.
{"title":"Virtual reality therapy as adjunct to traditional physical therapy for a TBI patient who suffered a gunshot wound to the head: Case report","authors":"Lei Ma, F. Tornetta, W. Egan, W. G. Wright","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994509","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic brain injury by gunshot creates a variety of unique sequelae that can be very challenging for clinicians to develop rehabilitation interventions. This case report presents an example of supplementing traditional physical therapy with virtual reality training for a patient who suffered a penetrating traumatic brain injury to the back of the head. By personalizing and modulating the virtual scenes to the patient’s deficits and tolerance for virtual reality exposure, the patient was able to progress in his rehabilitation, which had plateaued after traditional therapy alone. At the conclusion of his rehabilitation, the patient showed clinically meaningful improvements in functional mobility assessments and subjective self-reports.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129576241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994658
Benedetta Heimler, Amir Shur, Ophir Netzer, Tomer Behor, A. Amedi
Is it possible to quickly and reliably understand the position of objects in space without vision? This is one of the biggest challenge blind people face daily. We developed a novel algorithm called the Topo-Speech which conveys the spatial position of objects via speech manipulations. We ran a pilot study on blindfolded sighted adults (n=5) to test the extent to which users can locate objects’ spatial positions after short training with the Topo-Speech, as well as their ability to locate untrained spatial positions. Participants were trained for ~30 minutes on the detection of objects’ positions on a 3×3 grid. Then they were tested on the same spatial locations (though using different stimuli). Finally, participants were tested on identifying the positions of objects on a 5×5 grid (i.e. additional spatial locations) without any specific training. Our results showed that participants performed significantly above chance for both trained and untrained spatial positions. This in turn suggests the feasibility of the Topo-Speech to convey spatial related information via a non-visual channel and prompt to quickly test such approach with people who are visually impaired.
{"title":"The Topo-Speech Algorithm: An intuitive Sensory Substitution for Spatial Information","authors":"Benedetta Heimler, Amir Shur, Ophir Netzer, Tomer Behor, A. Amedi","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994658","url":null,"abstract":"Is it possible to quickly and reliably understand the position of objects in space without vision? This is one of the biggest challenge blind people face daily. We developed a novel algorithm called the Topo-Speech which conveys the spatial position of objects via speech manipulations. We ran a pilot study on blindfolded sighted adults (n=5) to test the extent to which users can locate objects’ spatial positions after short training with the Topo-Speech, as well as their ability to locate untrained spatial positions. Participants were trained for ~30 minutes on the detection of objects’ positions on a 3×3 grid. Then they were tested on the same spatial locations (though using different stimuli). Finally, participants were tested on identifying the positions of objects on a 5×5 grid (i.e. additional spatial locations) without any specific training. Our results showed that participants performed significantly above chance for both trained and untrained spatial positions. This in turn suggests the feasibility of the Topo-Speech to convey spatial related information via a non-visual channel and prompt to quickly test such approach with people who are visually impaired.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116219522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994602
E. Dannenbaum, C. Loo, Romina Perroti, Ruth J. Posthuma, A. Weng, Xiao Ting Yang, J. Fung
Dizziness and imbalance are debilitating symptoms of vestibular dysfunction (VD) that can be treated through vestibular rehabilitation. The C-Mill ForceLink treadmill (C-Mill) allows for the integration of virtual reality and cognitive dual-tasking during treatment. No research has been conducted on its use in vestibular rehabilitation. The purpose of this pilot study was to develop a visuolocomotor training protocol on the C-Mill for individuals with VD, and to establish feasibility of both future research on, and clinical use of, this protocol to improve symptoms of dizziness and imbalance in individuals with VD who were on the waiting list for vestibular rehabilitation to undergo 10 one-hour sessions on the C-Mill. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Visual Vertigo Analog Scale (VVAS), and Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) were used as outcome measures, in conjunction with subjective reports. Nine participants completed the study, 55% demonstrated improvement in all outcome measures as well as subjective reports, while 0% digressed. The average percent of improvement from defined baseline to follow-up was 42.43% for the DHI (standard deviation (SD)=23.82%), 54.59% for the VVAS (SD=31.95%) and 21.89% for the FGA (SD=33.64%). Results support the use of the C-Mill as an intervention for patients on a waiting list with VD under the supervision of a physiotherapist. A larger and more comprehensive study is feasible in order to further investigate the effects of this protocol on symptoms of dizziness and imbalance in individuals with VD.
{"title":"An innovative visuolocomotor training program for people on waiting list for vestibular rehabilitation","authors":"E. Dannenbaum, C. Loo, Romina Perroti, Ruth J. Posthuma, A. Weng, Xiao Ting Yang, J. Fung","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994602","url":null,"abstract":"Dizziness and imbalance are debilitating symptoms of vestibular dysfunction (VD) that can be treated through vestibular rehabilitation. The C-Mill ForceLink treadmill (C-Mill) allows for the integration of virtual reality and cognitive dual-tasking during treatment. No research has been conducted on its use in vestibular rehabilitation. The purpose of this pilot study was to develop a visuolocomotor training protocol on the C-Mill for individuals with VD, and to establish feasibility of both future research on, and clinical use of, this protocol to improve symptoms of dizziness and imbalance in individuals with VD who were on the waiting list for vestibular rehabilitation to undergo 10 one-hour sessions on the C-Mill. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Visual Vertigo Analog Scale (VVAS), and Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) were used as outcome measures, in conjunction with subjective reports. Nine participants completed the study, 55% demonstrated improvement in all outcome measures as well as subjective reports, while 0% digressed. The average percent of improvement from defined baseline to follow-up was 42.43% for the DHI (standard deviation (SD)=23.82%), 54.59% for the VVAS (SD=31.95%) and 21.89% for the FGA (SD=33.64%). Results support the use of the C-Mill as an intervention for patients on a waiting list with VD under the supervision of a physiotherapist. A larger and more comprehensive study is feasible in order to further investigate the effects of this protocol on symptoms of dizziness and imbalance in individuals with VD.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121777666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994346
Sandeep K Subramanian
Post-stroke upper limb motor improvement continues to remain sub-optimal in a significant proportion of individuals sustaining a stroke. Efforts to enhance UL motor improvement have led to the use of evidence-based interventions including virtual reality technology. The effects of interventions on motor impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions are commonly assesses using clinical outcomes. Majority of the clinical outcomes focus on the extent of motor improvement (i.e. how much). Information on the type (i.e. how) of recovery can be obtained by using a selected few clinical outcomes and movement pattern kinematic measures. The study objective was to characterize the outcomes used to assess the effects of virtual reality interventions in terms of quantifying the extent and type of upper limb motor improvement. We reviewed the published literature on the effects of virtual reality (VR) based interventions to enhance UL motor improvements. Outcomes from the retrieved studies were initially classified under the appropriate International Classification of Functioning categories. We then categorized the outcomes into those quantifying into type or extent of motor improvement based on existing evidence. We found 100 papers that investigated the effects of virtual reality interventions to enhance post-stroke UL motor improvement. Forty two different outcome measures were used across the 100 studies. Seventeen different outcomes assessed impairments, 16 were used to measure activity limitations and 6 measured participation restrictions and the effects of contextual factors. The Fugl Meyer Assessment, Wolf Motor Function Test and Stroke Impact Scale were most commonly used across the three categories. Of the retrieved 100 studies, 48 used an outcome that considered the type of recovery. Although a smaller proportion, 17 studies included outcomes of movement patterns. The use of outcomes considering the type of recovery is steadily increasing in studies using VR for post-stroke UL rehabilitation.
{"title":"Post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation using virtual reality interventions: Do outcome measures assess extent or type of motor improvement?","authors":"Sandeep K Subramanian","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994346","url":null,"abstract":"Post-stroke upper limb motor improvement continues to remain sub-optimal in a significant proportion of individuals sustaining a stroke. Efforts to enhance UL motor improvement have led to the use of evidence-based interventions including virtual reality technology. The effects of interventions on motor impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions are commonly assesses using clinical outcomes. Majority of the clinical outcomes focus on the extent of motor improvement (i.e. how much). Information on the type (i.e. how) of recovery can be obtained by using a selected few clinical outcomes and movement pattern kinematic measures. The study objective was to characterize the outcomes used to assess the effects of virtual reality interventions in terms of quantifying the extent and type of upper limb motor improvement. We reviewed the published literature on the effects of virtual reality (VR) based interventions to enhance UL motor improvements. Outcomes from the retrieved studies were initially classified under the appropriate International Classification of Functioning categories. We then categorized the outcomes into those quantifying into type or extent of motor improvement based on existing evidence. We found 100 papers that investigated the effects of virtual reality interventions to enhance post-stroke UL motor improvement. Forty two different outcome measures were used across the 100 studies. Seventeen different outcomes assessed impairments, 16 were used to measure activity limitations and 6 measured participation restrictions and the effects of contextual factors. The Fugl Meyer Assessment, Wolf Motor Function Test and Stroke Impact Scale were most commonly used across the three categories. Of the retrieved 100 studies, 48 used an outcome that considered the type of recovery. Although a smaller proportion, 17 studies included outcomes of movement patterns. The use of outcomes considering the type of recovery is steadily increasing in studies using VR for post-stroke UL rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131417676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994584
J. Latorre, S. Mollà-Casanova, Bárbara Salinas, Adrián Borrego, M. Alcañiz, C. Colomer, R. Lloréns
Impairments of the upper limb function are among the most common and disabling sequelae after stroke, and their rehabilitation poses a major challenge for current physical and occupational therapy interventions. While restoration of certain degree of proximal and global movements and function is expected, the recovery of premorbid hand mobility and dexterity is less likely to occur. Although great efforts are usually made to rehabilitate these skills, with customized particular and analytic exercises, their assessment is rarely made with the same level of specificity. In general, hand and finger mobility and functionality are indirectly assessed in the clinic with standardized clinical scales and tests that require the use of these skills to perform some tasks. Although these scales are easy to administer, they can present poor accuracy, be biased, and do not allow for isolated assessment of joints and movements. Multi-touch technology enables interaction with electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets, with on-screen finger touches. Although there is a very limited number of studies that investigate the potential of this technology to rehabilitate hand mobility and dexterity, the use of this technology for assessment of these skills remains unexplored. This study evaluates the feasibility of a multi-touch-based assessment tool (app) of hand mobility and dexterity in a sample of post-stroke survivors. Our results provide preliminary evidence that this technology can be used to design valid and reliable instruments for assessing hand mobility and dexterity that, in addition, are sensitive to the severity of the motor impairment of the upper limb after stroke, which could complement conventional clinical assessment.
{"title":"Multi-touch-based assessment of hand mobility, dexterity and function. Preliminary study of validity, reliability and sensitivity to upper limb impairment severity in individuals with stroke","authors":"J. Latorre, S. Mollà-Casanova, Bárbara Salinas, Adrián Borrego, M. Alcañiz, C. Colomer, R. Lloréns","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994584","url":null,"abstract":"Impairments of the upper limb function are among the most common and disabling sequelae after stroke, and their rehabilitation poses a major challenge for current physical and occupational therapy interventions. While restoration of certain degree of proximal and global movements and function is expected, the recovery of premorbid hand mobility and dexterity is less likely to occur. Although great efforts are usually made to rehabilitate these skills, with customized particular and analytic exercises, their assessment is rarely made with the same level of specificity. In general, hand and finger mobility and functionality are indirectly assessed in the clinic with standardized clinical scales and tests that require the use of these skills to perform some tasks. Although these scales are easy to administer, they can present poor accuracy, be biased, and do not allow for isolated assessment of joints and movements. Multi-touch technology enables interaction with electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets, with on-screen finger touches. Although there is a very limited number of studies that investigate the potential of this technology to rehabilitate hand mobility and dexterity, the use of this technology for assessment of these skills remains unexplored. This study evaluates the feasibility of a multi-touch-based assessment tool (app) of hand mobility and dexterity in a sample of post-stroke survivors. Our results provide preliminary evidence that this technology can be used to design valid and reliable instruments for assessing hand mobility and dexterity that, in addition, are sensitive to the severity of the motor impairment of the upper limb after stroke, which could complement conventional clinical assessment.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123476327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994486
Sophia Rekers, C. Finke
Deficits in spatial navigation are difficult to assess in older adults and neurological patients since available clinical tests lack ecological and construct validity. Experimental paradigms, on the other hand, are often too complex to administer in a cognitively impaired population or require lengthy instructions, hindering the application in daily clinical practice. We introduce different developmental stages of a passive navigation paradigm, inspired by everyday difficulties of patients, from real-world stimuli to an optimized VR adaptation. The respective data in healthy seniors shows desirable psychometric properties and associations with cognitive measurements, e.g. working memory and mental rotation, support the construct validity of the assessment. Future studies will address the feasibility of this paradigm in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
{"title":"Assessing spatial navigation in seniors and clinical settings: Stepwise progression from real-world to VR","authors":"Sophia Rekers, C. Finke","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994486","url":null,"abstract":"Deficits in spatial navigation are difficult to assess in older adults and neurological patients since available clinical tests lack ecological and construct validity. Experimental paradigms, on the other hand, are often too complex to administer in a cognitively impaired population or require lengthy instructions, hindering the application in daily clinical practice. We introduce different developmental stages of a passive navigation paradigm, inspired by everyday difficulties of patients, from real-world stimuli to an optimized VR adaptation. The respective data in healthy seniors shows desirable psychometric properties and associations with cognitive measurements, e.g. working memory and mental rotation, support the construct validity of the assessment. Future studies will address the feasibility of this paradigm in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122011548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994533
M. Korman, J. Friedman
We tested how observation of a skilled pattern of planar movements can assist in the learning of a new motor skill, which otherwise requires rigorous long-term practice to achieve fast and smooth performance. Sixty participants performed a sequence of planar hand movements on pre-test, acquisition, post-test and 24h post-training blocks, under 1 of 4 conditions: an observation group (OG), a slowed observation group (SOG), a random motion control group (RMCG) and a double physical training control group (DPTCG). The OG and SOG observed a co-aligned expert model’s right hand performing the study task intermittently throughout acquisition, RMCG observed random dots movement instead of a model. Participants in the DPTCG received extra physical practice trials instead of the visually observed trials. Kinematic analysis revealed that only in conditions with observation of an expert model there was an instant robust improvement in motor planning of the task. This step-wise improvement was not only persistent in post-training retests but was also apparently implicit and subject to further incremental improvements in movement strategy over the period of 24 hours. We suggest that observation of hand movements of an expert model coaligned with self-produced movements during training can significantly condense the time-course of ecologically relevant drawing / writing skill mastery. Current findings may contribute to optimization of motor training and rehabilitation in virtual or simulated environments.
{"title":"Observation of an expert model induces a coarticulated drawing movement pattern in a single session","authors":"M. Korman, J. Friedman","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994533","url":null,"abstract":"We tested how observation of a skilled pattern of planar movements can assist in the learning of a new motor skill, which otherwise requires rigorous long-term practice to achieve fast and smooth performance. Sixty participants performed a sequence of planar hand movements on pre-test, acquisition, post-test and 24h post-training blocks, under 1 of 4 conditions: an observation group (OG), a slowed observation group (SOG), a random motion control group (RMCG) and a double physical training control group (DPTCG). The OG and SOG observed a co-aligned expert model’s right hand performing the study task intermittently throughout acquisition, RMCG observed random dots movement instead of a model. Participants in the DPTCG received extra physical practice trials instead of the visually observed trials. Kinematic analysis revealed that only in conditions with observation of an expert model there was an instant robust improvement in motor planning of the task. This step-wise improvement was not only persistent in post-training retests but was also apparently implicit and subject to further incremental improvements in movement strategy over the period of 24 hours. We suggest that observation of hand movements of an expert model coaligned with self-produced movements during training can significantly condense the time-course of ecologically relevant drawing / writing skill mastery. Current findings may contribute to optimization of motor training and rehabilitation in virtual or simulated environments.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134118354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994345
J. M. Juliano, David Saldana, Allie Schmiesing, S. Liew
Immersive, head-mounted virtual reality (HMD-VR) has the potential to be a useful tool for motor rehabilitation. However, when developing tools for rehabilitation, it is essential to design interventions that will be most effective for generalizing to the real world. Therefore, it is important to understand what factors facilitate transfer from HMD-VR to non-HMD-VR environments. Here we used a well-established test of skilled motor learning, the Sequential Visual Isometric Pinch Task (SVIPT), to train healthy individuals in an HMD-VR environment. We examined whether learned motor skills transferred to a more conventional (non-HMD-VR) environment and what factors facilitated transfer. Our results suggest that on average, learned motor skills from this task transfer from an immersive virtual environment to a conventional environment; however, some individuals did not transfer the learned motor skills. We then examined individual differences between those that did show transfer and those that did not. We found that individuals who had previous exposure to HMD-VR were more likely to transfer their learned motor skills than those who did not. Individual differences in previous exposure to HMD-VR environments prior to training may serve as a predictor to whether learned motor skills will transfer out of HMD-VR.
{"title":"Experience with head-mounted virtual reality (HMD-VR) predicts transfer of HMD-VR motor skills","authors":"J. M. Juliano, David Saldana, Allie Schmiesing, S. Liew","doi":"10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994345","url":null,"abstract":"Immersive, head-mounted virtual reality (HMD-VR) has the potential to be a useful tool for motor rehabilitation. However, when developing tools for rehabilitation, it is essential to design interventions that will be most effective for generalizing to the real world. Therefore, it is important to understand what factors facilitate transfer from HMD-VR to non-HMD-VR environments. Here we used a well-established test of skilled motor learning, the Sequential Visual Isometric Pinch Task (SVIPT), to train healthy individuals in an HMD-VR environment. We examined whether learned motor skills transferred to a more conventional (non-HMD-VR) environment and what factors facilitated transfer. Our results suggest that on average, learned motor skills from this task transfer from an immersive virtual environment to a conventional environment; however, some individuals did not transfer the learned motor skills. We then examined individual differences between those that did show transfer and those that did not. We found that individuals who had previous exposure to HMD-VR were more likely to transfer their learned motor skills than those who did not. Individual differences in previous exposure to HMD-VR environments prior to training may serve as a predictor to whether learned motor skills will transfer out of HMD-VR.","PeriodicalId":179905,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121372127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVR46560.2019.8994487
D. Levac, Morgan M. Taylor, Brennan R. Payne, N. Ward
Motion-controlled video games in virtual environments (VEs) are physical therapy interventions for motor skill learning in children with neuromotor conditions, such as cerebral palsy. Many VEs feature complex audiovisuals designed to motivate and engage children in repetitive use; however, the value of these enhancements remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a simple versus a complex VE on motor learning of a novel balance task in typically developing (TD) children and children with cerebral palsy (CP). In addition, we explored the relationship between children’s motivation, engagement and their motor learning outcomes in each VE. Twenty-seven TD children and 6 children with hemiplegic or diplegic CP participated. Participants were randomized to practice the same novel postural control task in either a simple or a complex flat-screen display VE. Motor learning was measured by an error metric per trial. Following 40 acquisition trials, children completed motivation (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) and engagement (User Engagement Scale) measures. They returned 2–7 days later for retention and transfer tests. Children with CP had significantly greater performance errors as compared to TD children at all sessions; however, there was no difference in performance between simple and complex VE conditions at any session, nor were there any differences in engagement or motivation between conditions or groups. Lower self-reported motivation was associated with greater performance error at retention and transfer in all participants. Study results provide no evidence for an effect of VE audiovisual complexity on children’s motor learning or affective state.
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