Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact004.pdf
M. Iakovleva
Introduction. The behavior of patients with cardiovascular diseases in the course of therapy is of key importance, since their survival and quality of life depend on their lifestyle and adherence to physicians’ recommendations. Adherence to treatment and its assessment is considered to be a medical problem, but numerous studies show that it is multifactorial and it must be considered from an interdisciplinary point of view. Material and Methods. CHD patients of the cardiac rehabilitation department were examined (n=112). Patients’ behavior in the therapy process, their clinical, emotional and social status and psychological characteristics were studied. Supervising doctors and clinical psychologists who followed up the patients made an expert opinion on their level of adherence to treatment and divided them into two groups. At the same time, they filled out a specific questionnaire for each patient, which contained several aspects of patients’ therapeutic behavior, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Results. Adherent and non-adherent patients were found to differ in all the aspects included in the questionnaire (p<0,001; p<0,05 for the indicator “alcohol consumption”). The factor analysis of all the questions from the questionnaire identified three major factors that combined various aspects of treatment adherence. Three obtained factors explain 70% of the total dispersion. The 1st one included the following aspects: regularity of cardiological examinations, regularity of blood pressure self-monitoring, intake of prescribed medications regularity; the 2nd, control (and, if necessary, reduction) of weight, following a diet, the level of physical activity; the 3rd, alcohol consumption (frequency and dose) and smoking (smoking cessation/number of cigarettes per day). Based on the three identified factors system, patients can be divided into more specific categories. Conclusion. Nevertheless, it is essential to consider not only the level of adherence to treatment and its aspects, but also the reasons of patients’ behavior: their awareness of the treatment regimen, their consciousness and motives for following the recommendations, the value of health and the subjective disease perception. It is important to take account of the factors that may interfere in adherence to treatment, and patients’ resources for an optimal therapeutic behavior. Therefore, adherence to treatment is based on both clinical and psychological aspects. Its theoretical and practical study should be based on the biopsychosocial approach to the problem and an individual approach to each patient. Acknowledgement. This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) (Grant No 18-013-00689 A).
{"title":"ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT ASSESSMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES FROM A CLINICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE","authors":"M. Iakovleva","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact004.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact004.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The behavior of patients with cardiovascular diseases in the course of therapy is of key importance, since their survival and quality of life depend on their lifestyle and adherence to physicians’ recommendations. Adherence to treatment and its assessment is considered to be a medical problem, but numerous studies show that it is multifactorial and it must be considered from an interdisciplinary point of view. Material and Methods. CHD patients of the cardiac rehabilitation department were examined (n=112). Patients’ behavior in the therapy process, their clinical, emotional and social status and psychological characteristics were studied. Supervising doctors and clinical psychologists who followed up the patients made an expert opinion on their level of adherence to treatment and divided them into two groups. At the same time, they filled out a specific questionnaire for each patient, which contained several aspects of patients’ therapeutic behavior, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Results. Adherent and non-adherent patients were found to differ in all the aspects included in the questionnaire (p<0,001; p<0,05 for the indicator “alcohol consumption”). The factor analysis of all the questions from the questionnaire identified three major factors that combined various aspects of treatment adherence. Three obtained factors explain 70% of the total dispersion. The 1st one included the following aspects: regularity of cardiological examinations, regularity of blood pressure self-monitoring, intake of prescribed medications regularity; the 2nd, control (and, if necessary, reduction) of weight, following a diet, the level of physical activity; the 3rd, alcohol consumption (frequency and dose) and smoking (smoking cessation/number of cigarettes per day). Based on the three identified factors system, patients can be divided into more specific categories. Conclusion. Nevertheless, it is essential to consider not only the level of adherence to treatment and its aspects, but also the reasons of patients’ behavior: their awareness of the treatment regimen, their consciousness and motives for following the recommendations, the value of health and the subjective disease perception. It is important to take account of the factors that may interfere in adherence to treatment, and patients’ resources for an optimal therapeutic behavior. Therefore, adherence to treatment is based on both clinical and psychological aspects. Its theoretical and practical study should be based on the biopsychosocial approach to the problem and an individual approach to each patient. Acknowledgement. This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) (Grant No 18-013-00689 A).","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129719998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact048.pdf
Bogusława Lachowska
{"title":"GRANDIOSE AND VULNERABLE NARCISSISM AND SUBJECTIVE WELLBEING – DOES GENDER MATTER?","authors":"Bogusława Lachowska","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact048.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact048.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"64 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128662692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact052.pdf
E. Burina, V. A. Moshkivskaya
{"title":"PSYCHOLOGICAL WILLINGNESS FOR MATERNITY AS A FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO THE HEALTHY BEHAVIOR OF WOMEN","authors":"E. Burina, V. A. Moshkivskaya","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact052.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact052.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129960840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact030.pdf
Monika Magdová, Miroslava Bozogáňová, M. Berinšterová
{"title":"THE FACTORS SUPPORTING THE SLOVAK TEACHERS’ TURNOVER ACCORDING THE TYPE OF SCHOOL","authors":"Monika Magdová, Miroslava Bozogáňová, M. Berinšterová","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact030.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact030.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131466812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact045.pdf
Jana Nezkusilová, M. Chylová, Livia Pestova, Monika Seilerová
{"title":"PERSONAL RESOURCES, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND SELF-RATED HEALTH IN HIGH-RISK PROFESSIONS","authors":"Jana Nezkusilová, M. Chylová, Livia Pestova, Monika Seilerová","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact045.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact045.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132777342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact062.pdf
N. Golubeva, V. Orestova, Vladimir A. Karpuk
{"title":"SOCIAL NETWORKS IN FRAME OF DIFFERENT GENERATIONS","authors":"N. Golubeva, V. Orestova, Vladimir A. Karpuk","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact062.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact062.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117133742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact053.pdf
Manja Veldin, A. Kozina, Ana Mlekuž, T. Perše, M. Vidmar, Urška Štremfel
{"title":"CROSSROADS TO MORE POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS IMMIGRANTS: STUDENTS’ EMPATHIC ABILITIES AND PERCEIVED CLASSROOM CLIMATE","authors":"Manja Veldin, A. Kozina, Ana Mlekuž, T. Perše, M. Vidmar, Urška Štremfel","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact053.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact053.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115363864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hricová, M. Bacikova-Sleskova, O. Orosová, L. Abrinková
Background: Current research findings regarding risk behavior have suggested examining the association between externalized problem behavior (EPB) and internalized problem behavior (IPB). This submitted work explores a set of IPB as factors which increase the likelihood of specific EPB. Aim: To assess the impact of IRB such as body dissatisfaction, bulimic symptoms and drive for thinness on EPB such as alcohol use, cigarette smoking and marihuana use. Methods: The sample size consisted of 1180 pupils (50.1% girls; mean age=12.99; SD=.77) from all regions in Slovakia. The children were administered questionnaires to monitor EPB alcohol use, tobacco or electronic cigarette smoking, marihuana use and IRB – dive for thinness, bulimic symptoms (Eating disorder inventory), body dissatisfaction (Children body image scale). Results: Three separate models of logistic regression were performed to assess the impact of IRB factors on the likelihood that respondents would report EPB: (1) alcohol use, (2) cigarette smoking, (3) marihuana use. The models containing interactions of gender and independent variables were significant. Model 1: Being male and bulimic symptoms increased the likelihood of alcohol use. Moreover, the interaction between gender and the drive for thinness indicated that the association between alcohol use and the drive for thinness was significant among girls but not among boys. Model 2: Bulimic symptoms increased the likelihood of cigarette smoking. The interaction between gender and the drive for thinness had the same character as Model 1. Model 3: Being male and the drive for thinness increased the likelihood of marihuana use. The interaction effect of gender and body dissatisfaction on marihuana use has the same character as interactions in Models 1 and 2. Conclusions: IPB increases the likelihood of EPB in early adolescents. The significant interactions suggest that a higher drive for thinness among girls places them in the group of potential alcohol users and cigarettes smokers whereas there is no effect of the drive for thinness on males. The interaction effect of body dissatisfaction and gender is similar in the case of marihuana use. The current results contribute to previous findings and might be beneficial in preventing ERB in early adolescents.
{"title":"THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INTERNALIZED AND EXTERNALIZED PROBLEM BEHAVIOR AMONG SLOVAK EARLY ADOLESCENTS","authors":"L. Hricová, M. Bacikova-Sleskova, O. Orosová, L. Abrinková","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Current research findings regarding risk behavior have suggested examining the association between externalized problem behavior (EPB) and internalized problem behavior (IPB). This submitted work explores a set of IPB as factors which increase the likelihood of specific EPB. Aim: To assess the impact of IRB such as body dissatisfaction, bulimic symptoms and drive for thinness on EPB such as alcohol use, cigarette smoking and marihuana use. Methods: The sample size consisted of 1180 pupils (50.1% girls; mean age=12.99; SD=.77) from all regions in Slovakia. The children were administered questionnaires to monitor EPB alcohol use, tobacco or electronic cigarette smoking, marihuana use and IRB – dive for thinness, bulimic symptoms (Eating disorder inventory), body dissatisfaction (Children body image scale). Results: Three separate models of logistic regression were performed to assess the impact of IRB factors on the likelihood that respondents would report EPB: (1) alcohol use, (2) cigarette smoking, (3) marihuana use. The models containing interactions of gender and independent variables were significant. Model 1: Being male and bulimic symptoms increased the likelihood of alcohol use. Moreover, the interaction between gender and the drive for thinness indicated that the association between alcohol use and the drive for thinness was significant among girls but not among boys. Model 2: Bulimic symptoms increased the likelihood of cigarette smoking. The interaction between gender and the drive for thinness had the same character as Model 1. Model 3: Being male and the drive for thinness increased the likelihood of marihuana use. The interaction effect of gender and body dissatisfaction on marihuana use has the same character as interactions in Models 1 and 2. Conclusions: IPB increases the likelihood of EPB in early adolescents. The significant interactions suggest that a higher drive for thinness among girls places them in the group of potential alcohol users and cigarettes smokers whereas there is no effect of the drive for thinness on males. The interaction effect of body dissatisfaction and gender is similar in the case of marihuana use. The current results contribute to previous findings and might be beneficial in preventing ERB in early adolescents.","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125956922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wada Toshihiro, E. Zabelina, Yulia V. Chestyunina, I. Trushina
{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL TIME IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RUSSIA AND JAPAN","authors":"Wada Toshihiro, E. Zabelina, Yulia V. Chestyunina, I. Trushina","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126626955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-24DOI: 10.36315/2020inpact057.pdf
Blandína Šramová
The focus of the project is on the adolescents’ perception of the roles of a mother and a father in the family, and specifically on adolescent boys’ attitude towards their fathers and adolescent girls’ attitude towards their mothers. There has been a noticeable shift in interests that used to be primarily associated with a certain gender. For instance, men are increasingly more concerned with the body image, which used to be a predominantly female domain. Moreover, the role of a father has been changing recently, to the point of so-called fatherhood crisis. The role of a father is built around strong social, cultural, and historical constructs of hegemonistic masculinity. Our research based on qualitative design (discourse method) uncovered attitudes of adolescent boys (N=25) towards their fathers, and attitudes of adolescent girls (N=26) towards their mothers. Adolescent boys were shown to have a more problematic relationship with their fathers, and a significantly positive relationship with their mothers. Mothers not only represent an essential part of their lives, but also provide an emotional and mental support. Adolescent girls identified more with their mothers, highlighting mothers’ ability to handle a vast number and diversity of family matters. The key factor in the positive rating of a mother was represented by safe emotional ties between the mother and daughter. However, in cases where these ties were missing, mother was perceived through the lenses of stereotypically female depictions, largely perpetuated by the mass media and agendas of certain political parties. The present study is a part of the project VEGA 1/0191/19.
{"title":"ADOLESCENTS’ GENDER IDENTITY AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS PARENTS","authors":"Blandína Šramová","doi":"10.36315/2020inpact057.pdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2020inpact057.pdf","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the project is on the adolescents’ perception of the roles of a mother and a father in the family, and specifically on adolescent boys’ attitude towards their fathers and adolescent girls’ attitude towards their mothers. There has been a noticeable shift in interests that used to be primarily associated with a certain gender. For instance, men are increasingly more concerned with the body image, which used to be a predominantly female domain. Moreover, the role of a father has been changing recently, to the point of so-called fatherhood crisis. The role of a father is built around strong social, cultural, and historical constructs of hegemonistic masculinity. Our research based on qualitative design (discourse method) uncovered attitudes of adolescent boys (N=25) towards their fathers, and attitudes of adolescent girls (N=26) towards their mothers. Adolescent boys were shown to have a more problematic relationship with their fathers, and a significantly positive relationship with their mothers. Mothers not only represent an essential part of their lives, but also provide an emotional and mental support. Adolescent girls identified more with their mothers, highlighting mothers’ ability to handle a vast number and diversity of family matters. The key factor in the positive rating of a mother was represented by safe emotional ties between the mother and daughter. However, in cases where these ties were missing, mother was perceived through the lenses of stereotypically female depictions, largely perpetuated by the mass media and agendas of certain political parties. The present study is a part of the project VEGA 1/0191/19.","PeriodicalId":179933,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends 2020","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114017124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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