Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024221
Lin Zhang, Kyunghee Lee, Chan-Hyun Youn, Hwan-geun Yeo
This paper studies the issues arising in the virtual topology reconfiguration phase of optical Internet networks. This reconfiguration process means to change the virtual topology in response to the changing traffic patterns in the higher layer. We formulate the optimal reconfiguration policy as a multi-stage decision-making problem to maximize the expected reward and cost function over an infinite horizon. To counter the continual approximation problem brought by heuristic approach, we take the traffic prediction into consideration. We propose a new heuristic reconfiguration algorithm called prediction based multi-stage reconfiguration approach to realize the optimal reconfiguration policy. Simulation results show that our reconfiguration policy significantly outperforms the conventional one, while the required physical resources are limited.
{"title":"Adaptive virtual topology reconfiguration policy employing multi-stage traffic prediction in optical Internet","authors":"Lin Zhang, Kyunghee Lee, Chan-Hyun Youn, Hwan-geun Yeo","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024221","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the issues arising in the virtual topology reconfiguration phase of optical Internet networks. This reconfiguration process means to change the virtual topology in response to the changing traffic patterns in the higher layer. We formulate the optimal reconfiguration policy as a multi-stage decision-making problem to maximize the expected reward and cost function over an infinite horizon. To counter the continual approximation problem brought by heuristic approach, we take the traffic prediction into consideration. We propose a new heuristic reconfiguration algorithm called prediction based multi-stage reconfiguration approach to realize the optimal reconfiguration policy. Simulation results show that our reconfiguration policy significantly outperforms the conventional one, while the required physical resources are limited.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127773862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024201
P. Ho, H. Mouftah
This paper solves the problem of path selection for WDM mesh networks with a special focus on the implementation in middle-sized networks, such as metropolitan-area networks (MANs). A novel routing and signaling protocol, called asynchronous criticality avoidance (ACA), is proposed to improve the network performance. With the ACA protocol, a specific set of wavelength channels are defined as "critical links" between a node pair according to dynamic link-state. The critical links and the associated link-states are also called criticality information, which are coordinated and disseminated by each source node to every other destination node as an inter-arrival planning. Routing and wavelength assignment is initiated and performed at the corresponding destination node, in which a criticality avoidance mechanism is devised to take the criticality information into consideration. Simulation is conducted in 22- and 30-node networks to examine the proposed approach. The simulation results show that the ACA protocol significantly outperforms the fixed-path least-congested (FPLC) and adaptive dynamic routing (ADR) schemes under the fixed alternate routing architecture. We conclude that the proposed ACA protocol can effectively reduce the resource fragmentation in wavelength-routed WDM networks without wavelength conversion.
{"title":"Criticality avoidance routing in dynamic wavelength-routed optical networks","authors":"P. Ho, H. Mouftah","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024201","url":null,"abstract":"This paper solves the problem of path selection for WDM mesh networks with a special focus on the implementation in middle-sized networks, such as metropolitan-area networks (MANs). A novel routing and signaling protocol, called asynchronous criticality avoidance (ACA), is proposed to improve the network performance. With the ACA protocol, a specific set of wavelength channels are defined as \"critical links\" between a node pair according to dynamic link-state. The critical links and the associated link-states are also called criticality information, which are coordinated and disseminated by each source node to every other destination node as an inter-arrival planning. Routing and wavelength assignment is initiated and performed at the corresponding destination node, in which a criticality avoidance mechanism is devised to take the criticality information into consideration. Simulation is conducted in 22- and 30-node networks to examine the proposed approach. The simulation results show that the ACA protocol significantly outperforms the fixed-path least-congested (FPLC) and adaptive dynamic routing (ADR) schemes under the fixed alternate routing architecture. We conclude that the proposed ACA protocol can effectively reduce the resource fragmentation in wavelength-routed WDM networks without wavelength conversion.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123491407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024626
J. Sasaki, S. Hiramatsu, H. Kikuchi
ASET's R&D efforts on opto-electronics packaging technology for terabit throughput are reviewed. To establish opto-electronics packaging technologies for high-speed routers and information appliances, we have been researching the following areas; an OE-MCM (Opto-Electronic Multi Chip Module) for low-cost high-speed processing, an AIP (Active-Interposer) for LSIs that increases bit rate (>1.25 Gbps) and makes for a smaller interface with optical signals, and an OE-board with optical right-angled multi-channel connectors for three-dimensional board-level assembly structures. We will demonstrate the following packaging technologies: ( 1 ) Optical waveguide film lamination technique: This technique is versatile and reduces the cost of the OE-MCM. The waveguide film has a 0.3-0.5 dB/c:m loss and is laminated on the printed circuit board. (2) AIP: The driver and receiver ICs, photo diode and laser diode are three-dimensionally stacked and integrated. (3) Self-written Waveguide: The waveguide exploits a unique automatic fiber-coupling method. Optical coupling is complete even if there is a few dozen of microns miss-alignment between fibers. (4) SMOP (Small MultdDemultiplexer consisting of Optical Elements): This is a compact MultVDemultiplexer for four-wavelength CWDM (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing) of the same dimension as the MT ferrule. ( 5 ) Opto-electronic Subrack: This device consists of an optical backplane, fiber bending right-angled multi-channel connectors, optical boards and OE-MCMs. This work was performed under the management of ASET and was supported by NED0 (New Energy and industrial technology Development Organization)
{"title":"Opto-electronies packaging technology for the last 1 m","authors":"J. Sasaki, S. Hiramatsu, H. Kikuchi","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024626","url":null,"abstract":"ASET's R&D efforts on opto-electronics packaging technology for terabit throughput are reviewed. To establish opto-electronics packaging technologies for high-speed routers and information appliances, we have been researching the following areas; an OE-MCM (Opto-Electronic Multi Chip Module) for low-cost high-speed processing, an AIP (Active-Interposer) for LSIs that increases bit rate (>1.25 Gbps) and makes for a smaller interface with optical signals, and an OE-board with optical right-angled multi-channel connectors for three-dimensional board-level assembly structures. We will demonstrate the following packaging technologies: ( 1 ) Optical waveguide film lamination technique: This technique is versatile and reduces the cost of the OE-MCM. The waveguide film has a 0.3-0.5 dB/c:m loss and is laminated on the printed circuit board. (2) AIP: The driver and receiver ICs, photo diode and laser diode are three-dimensionally stacked and integrated. (3) Self-written Waveguide: The waveguide exploits a unique automatic fiber-coupling method. Optical coupling is complete even if there is a few dozen of microns miss-alignment between fibers. (4) SMOP (Small MultdDemultiplexer consisting of Optical Elements): This is a compact MultVDemultiplexer for four-wavelength CWDM (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing) of the same dimension as the MT ferrule. ( 5 ) Opto-electronic Subrack: This device consists of an optical backplane, fiber bending right-angled multi-channel connectors, optical boards and OE-MCMs. This work was performed under the management of ASET and was supported by NED0 (New Energy and industrial technology Development Organization)","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129794417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024249
C. Prommak, D. Tipper
The optical virtual private network (OVPN) services are expected to be one of the major applications in the future optical networks. To establish the OVPN, the lightpaths (virtual connections) are layout through the provider optical network element and finally connected to the client edge devices. Service reliability is one of the major requirements in the OVPN design. We propose a mathematical model for an efficient lightpath routing called load distribution-survivable lightpath routing (LD-SLR) which can mitigate the impact of the failure disruption in the OVPN by introducing the load distribution concept to the survivable lightpath routing. Our results show that the LD-SLR produces an efficient lightpath routing for both sparse and dense virtual network design compared to other lightpath routing models in literature.
{"title":"Load distribution-survivable lightpath routing for the optical virtual private network","authors":"C. Prommak, D. Tipper","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024249","url":null,"abstract":"The optical virtual private network (OVPN) services are expected to be one of the major applications in the future optical networks. To establish the OVPN, the lightpaths (virtual connections) are layout through the provider optical network element and finally connected to the client edge devices. Service reliability is one of the major requirements in the OVPN design. We propose a mathematical model for an efficient lightpath routing called load distribution-survivable lightpath routing (LD-SLR) which can mitigate the impact of the failure disruption in the OVPN by introducing the load distribution concept to the survivable lightpath routing. Our results show that the LD-SLR produces an efficient lightpath routing for both sparse and dense virtual network design compared to other lightpath routing models in literature.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122326878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024245
Y. Chin, S. Handa, F. Sasamori, S. Oshita
We propose a fuzzy logic-based buffer management scheme called fuzzy early detection (FED) to improve TCP Reno performance over ATM-UBR service. FED employs the strategies of early congestion detection and selective packet discard to achieve its design goals, and adopts EPD to prevent frequent buffer overflows. Its performance is compared to that of pure EPD through simulation. The effects of TCP MSS and propagation delay on their performances are studied. Our simulation results prove that FED is superior to EPD in terms of efficiency and scalability, while its fairness remains comparable with the latter.
{"title":"Fuzzy early discard (FED) to improve TCP Reno performance over ATM-UBR","authors":"Y. Chin, S. Handa, F. Sasamori, S. Oshita","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024245","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a fuzzy logic-based buffer management scheme called fuzzy early detection (FED) to improve TCP Reno performance over ATM-UBR service. FED employs the strategies of early congestion detection and selective packet discard to achieve its design goals, and adopts EPD to prevent frequent buffer overflows. Its performance is compared to that of pure EPD through simulation. The effects of TCP MSS and propagation delay on their performances are studied. Our simulation results prove that FED is superior to EPD in terms of efficiency and scalability, while its fairness remains comparable with the latter.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127218453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024206
Yong Jiang, A. Doria, D. Olsson, F. Pettersson
Prior inter-domain routing measurements include passive analysis of routing table growth and error injection for convergence measurement. The measurement here is solely based on passive logging of BGP control traffic from measurement points including a major European ISP's backbone networks and some academic networks. Its goal is to understand the failures involved in today's much discussed routing stability issues. As a result, the general status of the Internet reachability and flapping has been observed. Some explanations for the erroneous phenomenon are offered. Though only macro effects from the control plane are measured, part of the future study includes determining work to determine whether these results correlate with the data forwarding plane results.
{"title":"Inter-domain routing stability measurement","authors":"Yong Jiang, A. Doria, D. Olsson, F. Pettersson","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024206","url":null,"abstract":"Prior inter-domain routing measurements include passive analysis of routing table growth and error injection for convergence measurement. The measurement here is solely based on passive logging of BGP control traffic from measurement points including a major European ISP's backbone networks and some academic networks. Its goal is to understand the failures involved in today's much discussed routing stability issues. As a result, the general status of the Internet reachability and flapping has been observed. Some explanations for the erroneous phenomenon are offered. Though only macro effects from the control plane are measured, part of the future study includes determining work to determine whether these results correlate with the data forwarding plane results.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131424838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024254
R. Izmailov, A. Kolarov, R. Fan, S. Araki
We consider hybrid optical devices consisting of a waveband (transparent optical) and a wavelength (opaque OEO) switch. Such hybrid devices are suitable for supporting hierarchical optical paths (wavelength and waveband paths). We study the node-level cost-performance tradeoffs using both analytical models and simulations. The results demonstrate a significant cost reduction that could be achieved for a moderately small reduction of throughput.
{"title":"Hierarchical optical switching: a node-level analysis","authors":"R. Izmailov, A. Kolarov, R. Fan, S. Araki","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024254","url":null,"abstract":"We consider hybrid optical devices consisting of a waveband (transparent optical) and a wavelength (opaque OEO) switch. Such hybrid devices are suitable for supporting hierarchical optical paths (wavelength and waveband paths). We study the node-level cost-performance tradeoffs using both analytical models and simulations. The results demonstrate a significant cost reduction that could be achieved for a moderately small reduction of throughput.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116654129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024227
M. Aoki, N. Yamanaka, T. Kurimoto, T. Miyamura, J. Nishikido
Next generation carriers Internet backbone node architecture are proposed that offer sophisticated QoS support including real time voice, video streaming, and VPN. The backbone core node, MSN (multi-service network) Type-X, has 320 Gb/s throughput and IP V4/V6 dual stack forwarding capability and OC-192C full wire-rate forwarding performance. In addition, sophisticated DiffServ having 4096 virtual queue realizing full hardware is also proposed. In addition, Type-X has ATM emulation technique. Finally, the paper describes a high-reliability technique such as a newly structured non-stop software and firmware upgrade technique. This newly proposed technique and system offers the next generation, real time, high-QoS capability.
{"title":"Next generation carriers Internet backbone node architecture (MSN Type-X)","authors":"M. Aoki, N. Yamanaka, T. Kurimoto, T. Miyamura, J. Nishikido","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024227","url":null,"abstract":"Next generation carriers Internet backbone node architecture are proposed that offer sophisticated QoS support including real time voice, video streaming, and VPN. The backbone core node, MSN (multi-service network) Type-X, has 320 Gb/s throughput and IP V4/V6 dual stack forwarding capability and OC-192C full wire-rate forwarding performance. In addition, sophisticated DiffServ having 4096 virtual queue realizing full hardware is also proposed. In addition, Type-X has ATM emulation technique. Finally, the paper describes a high-reliability technique such as a newly structured non-stop software and firmware upgrade technique. This newly proposed technique and system offers the next generation, real time, high-QoS capability.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114180413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024231
P. Sousa, P. Carvalho, V. Freitas
This article evaluates the use of priority queuing (PQ) models to achieve delay differentiation in networks operating under the class of services paradigm. Three PQ variants are considered: the proportional model, the additive model and a novel hybrid schema based on the upper time limit model. Through appropriate queuing and scheduling, delay differentiation is first considered for a node, and then extended to an end-to-end perspective. For each model, the corresponding delay differentiation bounds are determined and verified resorting to simulation.
{"title":"End-to-end delay differentiation of IP traffic aggregates using priority queuing models","authors":"P. Sousa, P. Carvalho, V. Freitas","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024231","url":null,"abstract":"This article evaluates the use of priority queuing (PQ) models to achieve delay differentiation in networks operating under the class of services paradigm. Three PQ variants are considered: the proportional model, the additive model and a novel hybrid schema based on the upper time limit model. Through appropriate queuing and scheduling, delay differentiation is first considered for a node, and then extended to an end-to-end perspective. For each model, the corresponding delay differentiation bounds are determined and verified resorting to simulation.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114387374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-07DOI: 10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024223
S. Kano, T. Soumiya, M. Miyabe, A. Chugo
We propose a hybrid network architecture, called the "photonic IP network architecture," combining optical switches and packet switches to accommodate the huge amounts of Internet traffic. In a photonic IP network, these two switching functions are optimally chosen according to the network status to manage a network efficiently and flexibly. The operation requires signaling to establish optical/label paths and a route modification method. We propose a method of route modification that provides batch modification and avoids packet loss. We have verified our proposed architecture with a prototype system implemented on FreeBSD.
{"title":"A study of GMPLS control architecture in photonic IP networks","authors":"S. Kano, T. Soumiya, M. Miyabe, A. Chugo","doi":"10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HPSR.2002.1024223","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a hybrid network architecture, called the \"photonic IP network architecture,\" combining optical switches and packet switches to accommodate the huge amounts of Internet traffic. In a photonic IP network, these two switching functions are optimally chosen according to the network status to manage a network efficiently and flexibly. The operation requires signaling to establish optical/label paths and a route modification method. We propose a method of route modification that provides batch modification and avoids packet loss. We have verified our proposed architecture with a prototype system implemented on FreeBSD.","PeriodicalId":180090,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing, Merging Optical and IP Technologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126358617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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