Lucrecia C. Terán, Alejandra Orihuel, Emilse Bentencourt, Raúl Raya, Silvina Fadda
During meat processing, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have to competitively adapt to the hostile environment produced by curing additives (CA). The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL 705, a bioprotective strain of meat origin, to adapt to CA. A physiological and proteomic approach was performed. CRL 705 was grown in a chemically defined medium (CDM) containing specific concentrations of CA (NaCl, nitrite, sucrose, and ascorbic acid). The results showed minor differences in growth kinetics in the presence of CA. Glucose consumption, present in the CDM, and production of lactic acid and bacteriocins were not significantly affected. Proteomic analyses indicated that most of the identified proteins (36 out of 39) mainly related to carbohydrate metabolism (18%), posttranslational modifications (15.6%), energy production and conversion (11.1%), translation (11.1%), and nucleotide metabolism (8.9%) were underexpressed. In response to the studied CA, CRL 705 slowed down its general metabolism, achieving slight changes in physiological and proteomic parameters. The observed performance is another characteristic that extends the well-known competitive profile of CRL 705 as a meat starter and bioprotective culture. This is the first report dealing with the impact of CA on LAB proteomics.
{"title":"Role of Curing Agents in the Adaptive Response of the Bioprotective Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL 705 from a Physiologic and Proteomic Perspective","authors":"Lucrecia C. Terán, Alejandra Orihuel, Emilse Bentencourt, Raúl Raya, Silvina Fadda","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2040011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2040011","url":null,"abstract":"During meat processing, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have to competitively adapt to the hostile environment produced by curing additives (CA). The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL 705, a bioprotective strain of meat origin, to adapt to CA. A physiological and proteomic approach was performed. CRL 705 was grown in a chemically defined medium (CDM) containing specific concentrations of CA (NaCl, nitrite, sucrose, and ascorbic acid). The results showed minor differences in growth kinetics in the presence of CA. Glucose consumption, present in the CDM, and production of lactic acid and bacteriocins were not significantly affected. Proteomic analyses indicated that most of the identified proteins (36 out of 39) mainly related to carbohydrate metabolism (18%), posttranslational modifications (15.6%), energy production and conversion (11.1%), translation (11.1%), and nucleotide metabolism (8.9%) were underexpressed. In response to the studied CA, CRL 705 slowed down its general metabolism, achieving slight changes in physiological and proteomic parameters. The observed performance is another characteristic that extends the well-known competitive profile of CRL 705 as a meat starter and bioprotective culture. This is the first report dealing with the impact of CA on LAB proteomics.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Khoshru, Debasis Mitra, A. F. Nosratabad, A. Reyhanitabar, Labani Mandal, Beatrice Farda, R. Djebaili, M. Pellegrini, B. Guerra-Sierra, A. Senapati, P. Panneerselvam, P. K. D. Mohapatra
Manganese (Mn) is essential for plant growth, as it serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in photosynthesis, antioxidant synthesis, and defense against pathogens. It also plays a role in nutrient uptake, root growth, and soil microbial communities. However, the availability of Mn in the soil can be limited due to factors like soil pH, redox potential, organic matter content, and mineralogy. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers containing Mn can lead to negative consequences for soil and environmental health, such as soil and water pollution. Recent research highlights the significance of microbial interactions in enhancing Mn uptake in plants, offering a more environmentally friendly approach to address Mn deficiencies. Microbes employ various strategies, including pH reduction, organic acid production, and the promotion of root growth, to increase Mn bioavailability. They also produce siderophores, anti-pathogenic compounds, and form symbiotic relationships with plants, thereby facilitating Mn uptake, transport, and stimulating plant growth, while minimizing negative environmental impacts. This review explores the factors impacting the mobility of Mn in soil and plants, and highlights the problems caused by the scarcity of Mn in the soil and the use of chemical fertilizers, including the consequences. Furthermore, it investigates the potential of different soil microbes in addressing these challenges using environmentally friendly methods. This review suggests that microbial interactions could be a promising strategy for improving Mn uptake in plants, resulting in enhanced agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. However, further research is needed to fully understand these interactions’ mechanisms and optimize their use in agricultural practices.
{"title":"Enhancing Manganese Availability for Plants through Microbial Potential: A Sustainable Approach for Improving Soil Health and Food Security","authors":"B. Khoshru, Debasis Mitra, A. F. Nosratabad, A. Reyhanitabar, Labani Mandal, Beatrice Farda, R. Djebaili, M. Pellegrini, B. Guerra-Sierra, A. Senapati, P. Panneerselvam, P. K. D. Mohapatra","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2030010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2030010","url":null,"abstract":"Manganese (Mn) is essential for plant growth, as it serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in photosynthesis, antioxidant synthesis, and defense against pathogens. It also plays a role in nutrient uptake, root growth, and soil microbial communities. However, the availability of Mn in the soil can be limited due to factors like soil pH, redox potential, organic matter content, and mineralogy. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers containing Mn can lead to negative consequences for soil and environmental health, such as soil and water pollution. Recent research highlights the significance of microbial interactions in enhancing Mn uptake in plants, offering a more environmentally friendly approach to address Mn deficiencies. Microbes employ various strategies, including pH reduction, organic acid production, and the promotion of root growth, to increase Mn bioavailability. They also produce siderophores, anti-pathogenic compounds, and form symbiotic relationships with plants, thereby facilitating Mn uptake, transport, and stimulating plant growth, while minimizing negative environmental impacts. This review explores the factors impacting the mobility of Mn in soil and plants, and highlights the problems caused by the scarcity of Mn in the soil and the use of chemical fertilizers, including the consequences. Furthermore, it investigates the potential of different soil microbes in addressing these challenges using environmentally friendly methods. This review suggests that microbial interactions could be a promising strategy for improving Mn uptake in plants, resulting in enhanced agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. However, further research is needed to fully understand these interactions’ mechanisms and optimize their use in agricultural practices.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91251806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Abrosimova, S. Bortnikova, A. Edelev, V. Chernukhin, A. Reutsky, Nikolay Abrosimov, Ivan Gundyrev
Microorganisms have the potential to address environmental pollution, but the interaction mechanism between microorganisms and mine tailings is not well understood. This work was aimed at determining the bacterial isolates in soils and mine tailings and evaluating the distribution of metals, antimony (Sb), and arsenic (As) in the soils around the Komsomolsk tailings. Areas with high concentrations of As, Sb, cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were found. Assessment based on the value of the contamination factor (CF) indicated large-scale As, Sb, Pb, Cd, iron (Fe), bismuth (Bi), and beryllium (Be) pollution, especially in soils sampled from the northeast direction of the mine tailings. Soils had a higher number of CFUs per g of dry weight than did the tailings, ranging from 84 × 106 to 3.1 × 109 and from 20 × 106 to 1.7 × 109, respectively. Arsenic exhibited a positive statistical correlation with the number of CFUs of Agrococcus and Staphylococcus. In addition, a positive correlation was found between the concentration of Co and the number of CFUs of Moraxella and Microbacterium. The Sb exhibited a positive correlation with Streptomyces. These results can be used to develop methods for waste reclamation, including the use of isolated bacterial strains for arsenic removal by precipitation.
{"title":"Geochemical and Microbiological Composition of Soils and Tailings Surrounding the Komsomolsk Tailings, Kemerovo Region, Russia","authors":"N. Abrosimova, S. Bortnikova, A. Edelev, V. Chernukhin, A. Reutsky, Nikolay Abrosimov, Ivan Gundyrev","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2030009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2030009","url":null,"abstract":"Microorganisms have the potential to address environmental pollution, but the interaction mechanism between microorganisms and mine tailings is not well understood. This work was aimed at determining the bacterial isolates in soils and mine tailings and evaluating the distribution of metals, antimony (Sb), and arsenic (As) in the soils around the Komsomolsk tailings. Areas with high concentrations of As, Sb, cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were found. Assessment based on the value of the contamination factor (CF) indicated large-scale As, Sb, Pb, Cd, iron (Fe), bismuth (Bi), and beryllium (Be) pollution, especially in soils sampled from the northeast direction of the mine tailings. Soils had a higher number of CFUs per g of dry weight than did the tailings, ranging from 84 × 106 to 3.1 × 109 and from 20 × 106 to 1.7 × 109, respectively. Arsenic exhibited a positive statistical correlation with the number of CFUs of Agrococcus and Staphylococcus. In addition, a positive correlation was found between the concentration of Co and the number of CFUs of Moraxella and Microbacterium. The Sb exhibited a positive correlation with Streptomyces. These results can be used to develop methods for waste reclamation, including the use of isolated bacterial strains for arsenic removal by precipitation.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85476259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Khoshru, A. F. Nosratabad, Debasis Mitra, M. Chaithra, Y. Danesh, Gökhan Boyno, Sourav Chattaraj, A. Priyadarshini, S. Anđelković, M. Pellegrini, B. Guerra-Sierra, Somya Sinha
Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important elements required for crop production. The ideal soil pH for its absorption by plants is about 6.5, but in alkaline and acidic soils, most of the consumed P forms an insoluble complex with calcium, iron, and aluminum elements and its availability for absorption by the plant decreases. The supply of P needed by plants is mainly achieved through chemical fertilizers; however, in addition to the high price of these fertilizers, in the long run, their destructive effects will affect the soil and the environment. The use of cheap and abundant resources such as rock phosphate (RP) can be an alternative strategy for P chemical fertilizers, but the solubilization of P of this source has been a challenge for agricultural researchers. For this, physical and chemical treatments have been used, but the solution that has recently attracted the attention of the researchers is to use the potential of rhizobacteria to solubilize RP and supply P to plants by this method. These microorganisms, via. mechanisms such as proton secretion, organic and mineral acid production, siderophore production, etc., lead to the solubilization of RP, and by releasing its P, they improve the quantitative and qualitative performance of agricultural products. In this review, addressing the potential of rhizosphere microbes (with a focus on rhizobacteria) as an eco-friendly strategy for RP solubilization, along with physical and chemical solutions, has been attempted.
{"title":"Rock Phosphate Solubilizing Potential of Soil Microorganisms: Advances in Sustainable Crop Production","authors":"B. Khoshru, A. F. Nosratabad, Debasis Mitra, M. Chaithra, Y. Danesh, Gökhan Boyno, Sourav Chattaraj, A. Priyadarshini, S. Anđelković, M. Pellegrini, B. Guerra-Sierra, Somya Sinha","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2020008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2020008","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important elements required for crop production. The ideal soil pH for its absorption by plants is about 6.5, but in alkaline and acidic soils, most of the consumed P forms an insoluble complex with calcium, iron, and aluminum elements and its availability for absorption by the plant decreases. The supply of P needed by plants is mainly achieved through chemical fertilizers; however, in addition to the high price of these fertilizers, in the long run, their destructive effects will affect the soil and the environment. The use of cheap and abundant resources such as rock phosphate (RP) can be an alternative strategy for P chemical fertilizers, but the solubilization of P of this source has been a challenge for agricultural researchers. For this, physical and chemical treatments have been used, but the solution that has recently attracted the attention of the researchers is to use the potential of rhizobacteria to solubilize RP and supply P to plants by this method. These microorganisms, via. mechanisms such as proton secretion, organic and mineral acid production, siderophore production, etc., lead to the solubilization of RP, and by releasing its P, they improve the quantitative and qualitative performance of agricultural products. In this review, addressing the potential of rhizosphere microbes (with a focus on rhizobacteria) as an eco-friendly strategy for RP solubilization, along with physical and chemical solutions, has been attempted.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73596628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin N. Muigano, S. Anami, J. Onguso, Godfrey M. Omare
Extremophilic microorganisms such as those that thrive in high-salt and high-alkaline environments are promising candidates for the recovery of useful biomaterials including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). PHAs are ideal alternatives to synthetic plastics because they are biodegradable, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly. This work was aimed at conducting a bioprospection of bacteria isolated from hypersaline-alkaliphilic lakes in Kenya for the potential production of PHAs. In the present study, 218 isolates were screened by Sudan Black B and Nile Red A staining. Of these isolates, 31 were positive for PHA production and were characterized using morphological, biochemical, and molecular methods. Through 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that the isolates belonged to the genera Arthrobacter spp., Bacillus spp., Exiguobacterium spp., Halomonas spp., Paracoccus spp., and Rhodobaca spp. Preliminary experiments revealed that Bacillus sp. JSM-1684023 isolated from Lake Magadi had the highest PHA accumulation ability, with an initial biomass-to-PHA conversion rate of 19.14% on a 2% glucose substrate. Under optimized fermentation conditions, MO22 had a maximum PHA concentration of 0.516 g/L from 1.99 g/L of cell dry weight and 25.9% PHA conversion, equivalent to a PHA yield of 0.02 g/g of biomass. The optimal PHA production media had an initial pH of 9.0, temperature of 35 °C, salinity of 3%, and an incubation period of 48 h with 2.5% sucrose and 0.1% peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. This study suggests that bacteria isolated from hypersaline and alkaliphilic tropical lakes are promising candidates for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates.
{"title":"The Isolation, Screening, and Characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoate-Producing Bacteria from Hypersaline Lakes in Kenya","authors":"Martin N. Muigano, S. Anami, J. Onguso, Godfrey M. Omare","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2020007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2020007","url":null,"abstract":"Extremophilic microorganisms such as those that thrive in high-salt and high-alkaline environments are promising candidates for the recovery of useful biomaterials including polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). PHAs are ideal alternatives to synthetic plastics because they are biodegradable, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly. This work was aimed at conducting a bioprospection of bacteria isolated from hypersaline-alkaliphilic lakes in Kenya for the potential production of PHAs. In the present study, 218 isolates were screened by Sudan Black B and Nile Red A staining. Of these isolates, 31 were positive for PHA production and were characterized using morphological, biochemical, and molecular methods. Through 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that the isolates belonged to the genera Arthrobacter spp., Bacillus spp., Exiguobacterium spp., Halomonas spp., Paracoccus spp., and Rhodobaca spp. Preliminary experiments revealed that Bacillus sp. JSM-1684023 isolated from Lake Magadi had the highest PHA accumulation ability, with an initial biomass-to-PHA conversion rate of 19.14% on a 2% glucose substrate. Under optimized fermentation conditions, MO22 had a maximum PHA concentration of 0.516 g/L from 1.99 g/L of cell dry weight and 25.9% PHA conversion, equivalent to a PHA yield of 0.02 g/g of biomass. The optimal PHA production media had an initial pH of 9.0, temperature of 35 °C, salinity of 3%, and an incubation period of 48 h with 2.5% sucrose and 0.1% peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. This study suggests that bacteria isolated from hypersaline and alkaliphilic tropical lakes are promising candidates for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86884638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The establishment of Permanent Preservation Plots (PPPs) in natural forests has a significant role in assessing the impact of climate change on forests. To pursue long-term studies on climate change, it was decided to establish PPPs in two major forest areas in Bengaluru to conduct ecological studies to monitor the vegetation changes in the year 2016. One of the objectives of the study was to understand drivers of diversity, such as soils, in terms of nutrients and physical and biological properties. The native tropical forest of Bengaluru, which houses Bannerghatta National Park (BNP) on the outskirts, is relatively underexplored in terms of its microflora, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Hence, the present study aimed at the quantitative estimation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in three PPPs, each one hectare in size, which were established in Bannerughatta National Park (BNP) and Doresanipalya Reserve Forest (DRF) following the Centre for Tropical Forest Sciences (CTFS) protocol. In BNP, two plots, one in the Thalewood house area (mixed, moist, deciduous type) and the other in the Bugurikallu area (dry, deciduous type), were established. In DRF, there was one plot of the dry, deciduous type. Each one-hectare plot (100 m × 100 m) was subdivided into twenty-five sub-plots (20 m × 20 m), and the composite soil samples collected during two seasons (dry and wet) were analyzed for AMF spore and available phosphorus (P) content. The results revealed the presence of AMF in all the three plots, recording higher spore numbers in the Doresanipalya plot, followed by the Bugurikallu plot and the Thalewood house plot. The available phosphorous and AMF spore numbers showed correlations in all the three plots. Among the AMF spores, the Glomus species was found to dominate in all the three plots. The study shows that the dry, deciduous forests accommodated more AMF spores than the mixed, moist forests.
在天然林中建立永久保护样地(PPPs)对评估气候变化对森林的影响具有重要意义。为了对气候变化进行长期研究，决定在班加罗尔的两个主要森林地区建立公私合作伙伴关系，进行生态研究，监测2016年的植被变化。这项研究的目标之一是了解多样性的驱动因素，如土壤，在营养和物理和生物特性方面。班加罗尔的原生热带森林位于郊区的班纳加塔国家公园(Bannerghatta National Park, BNP)，就其微生物区系而言，特别是丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)，其开发相对较少。因此，本研究旨在根据热带森林科学中心(CTFS)协议，在Bannerughatta国家公园(BNP)和Doresanipalya保护区森林(DRF)建立三个ppp，每个ppp的面积为一公顷，对丛菌根真菌(AMF)进行定量估计。在BNP，建立了两个样地，一个在Thalewood住宅区(混合、潮湿、落叶型)，另一个在Bugurikallu区(干燥、落叶型)。在DRF中，有一块干落叶型地块。每个1公顷样地(100 m × 100 m)分成25个样地(20 m × 20 m)，在干湿两季采集复合土壤样品，分析AMF孢子和有效磷(P)含量。结果表明，3个样地均存在AMF，其中Doresanipalya样地孢子数最多，其次是Bugurikallu样地和Thalewood样地。有效磷与AMF孢子数在3个样地均呈相关性。在AMF孢子中，Glomus在3个样地均占主导地位。研究表明，干燥的落叶森林比混合的潮湿森林容纳更多的AMF孢子。
{"title":"Enumerating Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Associated with Three Permanent Preservation Plots of Tropical Forests in Bangalore, Karnataka, India","authors":"Saritha Boya, Poorvashree Puttasamy, Nethravathi Mahadevappa, Balasubramanya Sharma, Remadevi Othumbamkat","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2010006","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of Permanent Preservation Plots (PPPs) in natural forests has a significant role in assessing the impact of climate change on forests. To pursue long-term studies on climate change, it was decided to establish PPPs in two major forest areas in Bengaluru to conduct ecological studies to monitor the vegetation changes in the year 2016. One of the objectives of the study was to understand drivers of diversity, such as soils, in terms of nutrients and physical and biological properties. The native tropical forest of Bengaluru, which houses Bannerghatta National Park (BNP) on the outskirts, is relatively underexplored in terms of its microflora, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Hence, the present study aimed at the quantitative estimation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in three PPPs, each one hectare in size, which were established in Bannerughatta National Park (BNP) and Doresanipalya Reserve Forest (DRF) following the Centre for Tropical Forest Sciences (CTFS) protocol. In BNP, two plots, one in the Thalewood house area (mixed, moist, deciduous type) and the other in the Bugurikallu area (dry, deciduous type), were established. In DRF, there was one plot of the dry, deciduous type. Each one-hectare plot (100 m × 100 m) was subdivided into twenty-five sub-plots (20 m × 20 m), and the composite soil samples collected during two seasons (dry and wet) were analyzed for AMF spore and available phosphorus (P) content. The results revealed the presence of AMF in all the three plots, recording higher spore numbers in the Doresanipalya plot, followed by the Bugurikallu plot and the Thalewood house plot. The available phosphorous and AMF spore numbers showed correlations in all the three plots. Among the AMF spores, the Glomus species was found to dominate in all the three plots. The study shows that the dry, deciduous forests accommodated more AMF spores than the mixed, moist forests.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75183005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. Quality data on AMR are needed to tackle the rise of multidrug-resistant clones. These data are rare in low-income countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we investigated the rise of extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae in Bangui, Central African Republic. We collected 278 fecal samples from 0–5-year-old children admitted to the Pediatric University Hospital Complex in Bangui from July to September 2021. Enterobacteriaceae were isolated and identified, and their susceptibility to 19 antibiotics was tested. We recovered one and two Enterobacteriaceae species from 208 and 29 samples, respectively. One clone of each species from each sample was further characterized, for a total of 266 isolates. Escherichia coli predominated, followed by Klebsiella. AMR was frequent, with 98.5% (262/266) of the isolates resistant to at least one antibiotic. Additionally, 89.5% (238/266) of the isolates were multidrug resistant, with resistance being frequent against all tested antibiotics except carbapenems and tigecycline, for which no resistance was found. Importantly, 71.2% (198/278) of the children carried at least one ESBL species, and 85.3% (227/266) of the isolates displayed this phenotype. This study confirms the rise of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae in Bangui and stresses the need for action to preserve the efficacy of antibiotics, as crucial for the treatment of bacterial infections.
{"title":"High Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae by Children Admitted to the Pediatric University Hospital Complex in Bangui, Central African Republic","authors":"Hugues Sanke-Waïgana, Cheikh Fall, Jean-Chrysostome Gody, Eliot Kosh Komba, Gilles Ngaya, Jean-Robert Mbecko, Brice Martial Yambiyo, Alexandre Manirakiza, Guy Vernet, Alioune Dieye, Yakhya Dieye","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2010005","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. Quality data on AMR are needed to tackle the rise of multidrug-resistant clones. These data are rare in low-income countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we investigated the rise of extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae in Bangui, Central African Republic. We collected 278 fecal samples from 0–5-year-old children admitted to the Pediatric University Hospital Complex in Bangui from July to September 2021. Enterobacteriaceae were isolated and identified, and their susceptibility to 19 antibiotics was tested. We recovered one and two Enterobacteriaceae species from 208 and 29 samples, respectively. One clone of each species from each sample was further characterized, for a total of 266 isolates. Escherichia coli predominated, followed by Klebsiella. AMR was frequent, with 98.5% (262/266) of the isolates resistant to at least one antibiotic. Additionally, 89.5% (238/266) of the isolates were multidrug resistant, with resistance being frequent against all tested antibiotics except carbapenems and tigecycline, for which no resistance was found. Importantly, 71.2% (198/278) of the children carried at least one ESBL species, and 85.3% (227/266) of the isolates displayed this phenotype. This study confirms the rise of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae in Bangui and stresses the need for action to preserve the efficacy of antibiotics, as crucial for the treatment of bacterial infections.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136270964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional preparation of African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) such as African black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) and African spiderplant (Cleome gynandra) involves either boiling and discarding the first water or lengthy boiling. Fermentation is considered a better alternative processing technique due to the enhanced retention of phytochemical contents and sensory properties. However, little is known about the impact of lactic acid fermentation on the phytochemical content, antioxidant capacity, sensory acceptability and microbial safety of the African black nightshade and African spiderplant. This study aimed to ferment AIVs using combined starter cultures (Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactococcus lactis) and further determine their effect on the phytochemical content (phenolic compounds and flavonoids), antioxidant capacity, sensory acceptability and microbial safety of the vegetables. There was a marked increase in phenol and flavonoid contents in all fermented vegetables (p < 0.05). The highest phenol content was 228.8 mg/g GAE (gallic acid equivalent) in the starter-culture-inoculated African black nightshade, while flavonoid content was 10.6 mg/g QE (quercetin equivalent) in the same. Starter-culture-inoculated AIVs presented significantly higher antioxidant capacity with a 60–80% radical scavenging activity compared to levels in uninoculated batches (p < 0.05). Fermented vegetables were more liked than the boiled vegetables and were microbiologically safe. In conclusion, lactic fermentation of AIVs increased phytochemical contents (phenolic compounds and flavonoids), maintained antioxidant capacity and improved product safety and sensory acceptability. Therefore, fermentation and consumption of the African indigenous vegetables are to be encouraged.
{"title":"Effect of Lactic Acid Fermentation on Phytochemical Content, Antioxidant Capacity, Sensory Acceptability and Microbial Safety of African Black Nightshade and African Spider Plant Vegetables","authors":"M. Irakoze, E. N. Wafula, E. Owaga","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2010004","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional preparation of African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) such as African black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) and African spiderplant (Cleome gynandra) involves either boiling and discarding the first water or lengthy boiling. Fermentation is considered a better alternative processing technique due to the enhanced retention of phytochemical contents and sensory properties. However, little is known about the impact of lactic acid fermentation on the phytochemical content, antioxidant capacity, sensory acceptability and microbial safety of the African black nightshade and African spiderplant. This study aimed to ferment AIVs using combined starter cultures (Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactococcus lactis) and further determine their effect on the phytochemical content (phenolic compounds and flavonoids), antioxidant capacity, sensory acceptability and microbial safety of the vegetables. There was a marked increase in phenol and flavonoid contents in all fermented vegetables (p < 0.05). The highest phenol content was 228.8 mg/g GAE (gallic acid equivalent) in the starter-culture-inoculated African black nightshade, while flavonoid content was 10.6 mg/g QE (quercetin equivalent) in the same. Starter-culture-inoculated AIVs presented significantly higher antioxidant capacity with a 60–80% radical scavenging activity compared to levels in uninoculated batches (p < 0.05). Fermented vegetables were more liked than the boiled vegetables and were microbiologically safe. In conclusion, lactic fermentation of AIVs increased phytochemical contents (phenolic compounds and flavonoids), maintained antioxidant capacity and improved product safety and sensory acceptability. Therefore, fermentation and consumption of the African indigenous vegetables are to be encouraged.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82419426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cecile Ingrid Djuikoué, Cedric Dylan Seugnou Nana, J. Nzenya, C. Tomi, N. Chounna, Olivier Pomte, B. Pokam, T. Apalata
Salmonella enterica is the principal causative agent of salmonellosis, a threat to human health. Because of its high antimicrobial resistance potential, Salmonella enterica has become worrisome, mostly in developing countries where hygiene and antimicrobial usage are defective. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of the intestinal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase producing Salmonella enterica from chickens and poultry farmers in Dschang, a town in the western region of Cameroon. A total of 416 chickens and 72 farmers were sampled between May and October 2020; and Salmonella enterica were isolated and subjected to extended spectrum β-lactamase screening. Logistic regression was used to test for statistical associations using a p-value of ≤ 0.05. Results from this study revealed that the prevalence of the intestinal carriage of Salmonella enterica for chickens and farmers were 55.77% [51.00; 60.54] and 22.22% [12.62; 31.82], respectively. Meanwhile, the intestinal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase producing Salmonella enterica was 23.08% [13.76; 32.40] and 5.55% [0.26; 10.84] from chickens and poultry farmers, respectively. The risk factor for this carriage was revealed to be lack of knowledge by actors in livestock industries of antibiotic resistance. Chickens, just like poultry farmers, represent the starting point of community salmonellosis, which is difficult to cure; therefore, sensitization of breeders is an effective tool for the mitigation of this burden.
{"title":"Intestinal Carriage of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Salmonella enterica from Chickens and Poultry Farmers in Dschang, in the Western Region of Cameroon","authors":"Cecile Ingrid Djuikoué, Cedric Dylan Seugnou Nana, J. Nzenya, C. Tomi, N. Chounna, Olivier Pomte, B. Pokam, T. Apalata","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2010003","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella enterica is the principal causative agent of salmonellosis, a threat to human health. Because of its high antimicrobial resistance potential, Salmonella enterica has become worrisome, mostly in developing countries where hygiene and antimicrobial usage are defective. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of the intestinal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase producing Salmonella enterica from chickens and poultry farmers in Dschang, a town in the western region of Cameroon. A total of 416 chickens and 72 farmers were sampled between May and October 2020; and Salmonella enterica were isolated and subjected to extended spectrum β-lactamase screening. Logistic regression was used to test for statistical associations using a p-value of ≤ 0.05. Results from this study revealed that the prevalence of the intestinal carriage of Salmonella enterica for chickens and farmers were 55.77% [51.00; 60.54] and 22.22% [12.62; 31.82], respectively. Meanwhile, the intestinal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase producing Salmonella enterica was 23.08% [13.76; 32.40] and 5.55% [0.26; 10.84] from chickens and poultry farmers, respectively. The risk factor for this carriage was revealed to be lack of knowledge by actors in livestock industries of antibiotic resistance. Chickens, just like poultry farmers, represent the starting point of community salmonellosis, which is difficult to cure; therefore, sensitization of breeders is an effective tool for the mitigation of this burden.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81447718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Queraltó, R. Álvarez, Constanza Ortega, Fernando Díaz-Yáñez, D. Paredes-Sabja, F. Gil
Bacterial proteases participate in the proteolytic elimination of misfolded or aggregated proteins, carried out by members of the AAA+ protein superfamily such as Hsp100/Clp, Lon, and FtsH. It is estimated that the Clp and Lon families perform around 80% of cellular proteolysis in bacteria. These functions are regulated, in part, through the spatial and/or temporal use of adapter proteins, which participate in the recognition and delivery of specific substrate proteins to proteases. The proteolysis plays an important role in maintaining and controlling the quality of the proteins, avoiding the accumulation and aggregation of unfolded or truncated proteins. However, this is not their only function, since they play an important role in the formation of virulent phenotypes and in the response to different types of stress faced when entering the host or that occur in the environment. This review summarizes the structural and functional aspects of the Clp proteases and their role in Gram-positive microorganisms.
{"title":"Role and Regulation of Clp Proteases: A Target against Gram-Positive Bacteria","authors":"C. Queraltó, R. Álvarez, Constanza Ortega, Fernando Díaz-Yáñez, D. Paredes-Sabja, F. Gil","doi":"10.3390/bacteria2010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria2010002","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial proteases participate in the proteolytic elimination of misfolded or aggregated proteins, carried out by members of the AAA+ protein superfamily such as Hsp100/Clp, Lon, and FtsH. It is estimated that the Clp and Lon families perform around 80% of cellular proteolysis in bacteria. These functions are regulated, in part, through the spatial and/or temporal use of adapter proteins, which participate in the recognition and delivery of specific substrate proteins to proteases. The proteolysis plays an important role in maintaining and controlling the quality of the proteins, avoiding the accumulation and aggregation of unfolded or truncated proteins. However, this is not their only function, since they play an important role in the formation of virulent phenotypes and in the response to different types of stress faced when entering the host or that occur in the environment. This review summarizes the structural and functional aspects of the Clp proteases and their role in Gram-positive microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":18020,"journal":{"name":"Lactic Acid Bacteria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90581187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：