Two Dutch populations of Buxbaumia aphylla (Nunspeet and Elspeet) were studied for two generations (2014–2015 and 2015–2016). At both sites the number and developmental stages of sporophytes were frequently recorded and sporophyte maturity indices and survival rates were determined. The timing of sporophyte development was similar between the two generations but differed between the growth sites with earlier sporophyte development at Nunspeet. The growth sites are located close to each other and share the same climate and soil characteristics. The growth site at Nunspeet, however, is shaded and consequently a higher soil moisture early in the season might explain early sporophyte development. Sporophyte survival was extremely low, especially at Nunspeet (0.4% and 0.9% in 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 respectively) due to fungi and, possibly, slugs and birds.
{"title":"Phenology and survival of sporophytes in Dutch populations of Buxbaumia aphylla","authors":"H. Kolk","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01095","url":null,"abstract":"Two Dutch populations of Buxbaumia aphylla (Nunspeet and Elspeet) were studied for two generations (2014–2015 and 2015–2016). At both sites the number and developmental stages of sporophytes were frequently recorded and sporophyte maturity indices and survival rates were determined. The timing of sporophyte development was similar between the two generations but differed between the growth sites with earlier sporophyte development at Nunspeet. The growth sites are located close to each other and share the same climate and soil characteristics. The growth site at Nunspeet, however, is shaded and consequently a higher soil moisture early in the season might explain early sporophyte development. Sporophyte survival was extremely low, especially at Nunspeet (0.4% and 0.9% in 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 respectively) due to fungi and, possibly, slugs and birds.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88245750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangjun Tang, S. Gradstein, Li-wei Sun, Mao-Jie Zhu, Rui-Ping Shi, Qiancai Wei, Yu-Qi Chen, X. Zhou, Jian Wang
Five epiphyllous liverwort species, all members of the family Lejeuneaceae, are newly reported from Tianmushan National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, China. The locality constitutes the northernmost occurrence of epiphyllous bryophytes in eastern China. It is proposed that the establishment of the epiphyllous species in the reserve was the result of a recent dispersal event influenced by climate warming. The site where the species occur is increasingly impacted by ecotourism and forest ecology teaching. Limitation of teaching at the site, reduction of the number of trails and stricter conservation is recommended in order to protect the fragile local epiphyllous community.
{"title":"A contribution to the knowledge of epiphyllous bryophytes in Tianmushan National Nature Reserve (Zhejiang, China), with remarks on climate warming and nature conservation","authors":"Xiangjun Tang, S. Gradstein, Li-wei Sun, Mao-Jie Zhu, Rui-Ping Shi, Qiancai Wei, Yu-Qi Chen, X. Zhou, Jian Wang","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01103","url":null,"abstract":"Five epiphyllous liverwort species, all members of the family Lejeuneaceae, are newly reported from Tianmushan National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, China. The locality constitutes the northernmost occurrence of epiphyllous bryophytes in eastern China. It is proposed that the establishment of the epiphyllous species in the reserve was the result of a recent dispersal event influenced by climate warming. The site where the species occur is increasingly impacted by ecotourism and forest ecology teaching. Limitation of teaching at the site, reduction of the number of trails and stricter conservation is recommended in order to protect the fragile local epiphyllous community.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81574466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I describe the production and the application of a low-tech, easy-to-handle sectioning aid, which might be helpful for everyone who struggles with cross sectioning bryophytes. Technical plans and an instructional video are provided as supplementary material.
{"title":"A simple, magnet-assisted bryophyte cross sectioning tool for beginners and for teaching in bryology","authors":"Daniel Hepenstrick","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01099","url":null,"abstract":"I describe the production and the application of a low-tech, easy-to-handle sectioning aid, which might be helpful for everyone who struggles with cross sectioning bryophytes. Technical plans and an instructional video are provided as supplementary material.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73372525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plagiothecium handelii is newly recorded for Europe (Austria and Romania) and eastern North America (Tennessee, USA). This dainty species was previously known only from Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces, China. Morphologically, the disjunctive populations belong to a single species. A 27-taxon phylogeny of Plagiothecium based on nuclear ITS and plastid rpl16 intron DNA sequence data resolved Austrian and Chinese populations of P. handelii as sisters, in a clade with P. paleaceum, a julaceous Himalayan species with cochleariform leaves. In contrast, P. handelii is a filiform plant with distant, ovate-acuminate leaves. In sequence identity the three terminals have a similar level of variation, suggesting that the geographic disjunction between the two populations of P. handelii is quite old. Morphologically and genetically the clade is a well defined lineage (Ortholimnobium) that is transitional between Plagiothecium s.str. and Struckia. The new combinations O. paleaceum and O. handelii are made. In Europe, O. handelii should be classified as vulnerable.
{"title":"Range extensions for the rare moss Plagiothecium handelii, and its transfer to the resurrected genus Ortholimnobium","authors":"Justin T. Wynns, C. Schröck","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01087","url":null,"abstract":"Plagiothecium handelii is newly recorded for Europe (Austria and Romania) and eastern North America (Tennessee, USA). This dainty species was previously known only from Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces, China. Morphologically, the disjunctive populations belong to a single species. A 27-taxon phylogeny of Plagiothecium based on nuclear ITS and plastid rpl16 intron DNA sequence data resolved Austrian and Chinese populations of P. handelii as sisters, in a clade with P. paleaceum, a julaceous Himalayan species with cochleariform leaves. In contrast, P. handelii is a filiform plant with distant, ovate-acuminate leaves. In sequence identity the three terminals have a similar level of variation, suggesting that the geographic disjunction between the two populations of P. handelii is quite old. Morphologically and genetically the clade is a well defined lineage (Ortholimnobium) that is transitional between Plagiothecium s.str. and Struckia. The new combinations O. paleaceum and O. handelii are made. In Europe, O. handelii should be classified as vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86351263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Higher visibility and increased access for Lindbergia through BioOne","authors":"N. Cronberg","doi":"10.25227/LINBG.01104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/LINBG.01104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81842920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allelopathy in bryophytes shapes ecosystems by influencing the species composition of both vascular plants and other bryophytes. Several allelopathically active chemicals in bryophytes have been discovered since the latter half of the 20th century and laboratory studies have showed their inhibiting impact on germination, growth and establishment of surrounding plants. However, other studies failed to demonstrate these effects. In the field, other properties of bryophytes might have stronger impacts, such as mechanical obstruction or alterations in temperature. In laboratory studies, water might not be an adequate extractant for active substances, since all of the chemicals claimed to be allelopathic are lipophilic with potentially longer retention times of the active substances in the soil when compared to water-soluble substances.
{"title":"Allelopathy in bryophytes - a review","authors":"J. Whitehead, M. Wittemann, N. Cronberg","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01097","url":null,"abstract":"Allelopathy in bryophytes shapes ecosystems by influencing the species composition of both vascular plants and other bryophytes. Several allelopathically active chemicals in bryophytes have been discovered since the latter half of the 20th century and laboratory studies have showed their inhibiting impact on germination, growth and establishment of surrounding plants. However, other studies failed to demonstrate these effects. In the field, other properties of bryophytes might have stronger impacts, such as mechanical obstruction or alterations in temperature. In laboratory studies, water might not be an adequate extractant for active substances, since all of the chemicals claimed to be allelopathic are lipophilic with potentially longer retention times of the active substances in the soil when compared to water-soluble substances.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"28 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75788716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the three lineages found within Oncophorus wahlenbergii Brid. in a recent revision of Scandinavian Oncophorus is explored in detail. Consistent and well-supported nuclear ITS and plastid trnG and rps4 signals for a total of eight specimens belonging to this lineage, and the possibility to recognize its members by morphology, support recognition of Oncophorus demetrii (Renauld & Cardot) Hedenäs, comb. nov. (Dicranum demetrii Renauld & Cardot). This species differs from members of the other two O. wahlenbergii lineages by its more longly and narrowly acuminate leaves, projecting cell walls in the upper leaf margins, and the excurrent costa being rough from projecting cells or cell walls. Contrary to members of the other two O. wahlenbergii lineages, O. demetrii seems to prefer base-rich habitats. Outside Scandinavia, it is at present known from Labrador in Canada. Oncophorus compactus (Bruch & Schimp.) Kindb. is considered a synonym of O. wahlenbergii since Dicranum homannii Boeck, a synonym of O. wahlenbergii, was cited as a synonym of Dicranum virens var. compactum Bruch & Schimp. when the latter was described.
{"title":"Oncophorus demetrii, a fifth Scandinavian species of Oncophorus (Musci) possible to recognize by morphology","authors":"L. Hedenäs","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01098","url":null,"abstract":"One of the three lineages found within Oncophorus wahlenbergii Brid. in a recent revision of Scandinavian Oncophorus is explored in detail. Consistent and well-supported nuclear ITS and plastid trnG and rps4 signals for a total of eight specimens belonging to this lineage, and the possibility to recognize its members by morphology, support recognition of Oncophorus demetrii (Renauld & Cardot) Hedenäs, comb. nov. (Dicranum demetrii Renauld & Cardot). This species differs from members of the other two O. wahlenbergii lineages by its more longly and narrowly acuminate leaves, projecting cell walls in the upper leaf margins, and the excurrent costa being rough from projecting cells or cell walls. Contrary to members of the other two O. wahlenbergii lineages, O. demetrii seems to prefer base-rich habitats. Outside Scandinavia, it is at present known from Labrador in Canada. Oncophorus compactus (Bruch & Schimp.) Kindb. is considered a synonym of O. wahlenbergii since Dicranum homannii Boeck, a synonym of O. wahlenbergii, was cited as a synonym of Dicranum virens var. compactum Bruch & Schimp. when the latter was described.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80583326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Meleshko, H. Stenøien, J. Speed, K. Flatberg, M. O. Kyrkjeeide, K. Hassel
Peatmosses are interesting for studies of speciation processes not only because of their frequent hybridization and recent diversification, but also their phenotypic diversity, ecological importance and ancient history. Diverse and widespread hybridization has been widely documented in the genus, but little is known about what factors underlie this phenomenon. We hypothesize that these factors include phylogenetic distance and variation in life-history traits of parental species. We summarize current knowledge about the occurrence of hybridization in peatmosses and explore how it is associated with phylogenetic distance and life-history trait variation of parental species. Possibly as much as one out of five (or more) peatmoss species hybridize, mostly producing allopolyploid hybrids. Parents of admixed haploids are more closely related to each other than parents of allopolyploids. Hybridization seems to be most frequent in 1) monoicous and polyoicous species exhibiting 2) relatively high sporulation frequency, 3) producing relatively small spores, as well as 4) growing in poor habitats. Surprisingly, neither phylogenetic proximity nor life-history trait variation explain patterns of hybridization in peatmosses, and other likely explanations for patterns observed are discussed.
{"title":"Is interspecific gene flow and speciation in peatmosses (Sphagnum) constrained by phylogenetic relationship and life-history traits?","authors":"O. Meleshko, H. Stenøien, J. Speed, K. Flatberg, M. O. Kyrkjeeide, K. Hassel","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01107","url":null,"abstract":"Peatmosses are interesting for studies of speciation processes not only because of their frequent hybridization and recent diversification, but also their phenotypic diversity, ecological importance and ancient history. Diverse and widespread hybridization has been widely documented in the genus, but little is known about what factors underlie this phenomenon. We hypothesize that these factors include phylogenetic distance and variation in life-history traits of parental species. We summarize current knowledge about the occurrence of hybridization in peatmosses and explore how it is associated with phylogenetic distance and life-history trait variation of parental species. Possibly as much as one out of five (or more) peatmoss species hybridize, mostly producing allopolyploid hybrids. Parents of admixed haploids are more closely related to each other than parents of allopolyploids. Hybridization seems to be most frequent in 1) monoicous and polyoicous species exhibiting 2) relatively high sporulation frequency, 3) producing relatively small spores, as well as 4) growing in poor habitats. Surprisingly, neither phylogenetic proximity nor life-history trait variation explain patterns of hybridization in peatmosses, and other likely explanations for patterns observed are discussed.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"1 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78656305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vegetative growth of bryophytes is dependent on water and will stop as soon as the plants dry out. The growth rate depends on the quality of the micro-habitat. Clonal growth and dispersal of plant fragments are important parameters to understand local distribution of bryophytes lacking spore and gemmae production. Species of the mixed northern hepatic mat mainly rely on plant fragments and vegetative growth to disperse and maintain local populations. Understanding a species' means for population maintenance and dispersal potential is important for a successful management. This study aims to investigate the micro-scale climatic requirements and growth rate of the mixed northern hepatic mat species Scapania nimbosa through measuring its growth in situ in Norway, and through comparison of micro-climate between presence localities and seemingly suitable absence localities. The results show that S. nimbosa grows approximately 4.38 ± 2.78 mm during one growing season. No difference in micro-climate was found between the presence and absence localities, suggesting that S. nimbosa is limited by dispersal, not by suitable habitats. The availability of suitable habitat, and the ability to identify these, opens up the possibility to expand its range through transplantation of plant fragments.
{"title":"How does microclimate affect the growth of the rare liverwort Scapania nimbosa?","authors":"K. Wangen, J. Speed, K. Hassel","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01072","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetative growth of bryophytes is dependent on water and will stop as soon as the plants dry out. The growth rate depends on the quality of the micro-habitat. Clonal growth and dispersal of plant fragments are important parameters to understand local distribution of bryophytes lacking spore and gemmae production. Species of the mixed northern hepatic mat mainly rely on plant fragments and vegetative growth to disperse and maintain local populations. Understanding a species' means for population maintenance and dispersal potential is important for a successful management. This study aims to investigate the micro-scale climatic requirements and growth rate of the mixed northern hepatic mat species Scapania nimbosa through measuring its growth in situ in Norway, and through comparison of micro-climate between presence localities and seemingly suitable absence localities. The results show that S. nimbosa grows approximately 4.38 ± 2.78 mm during one growing season. No difference in micro-climate was found between the presence and absence localities, suggesting that S. nimbosa is limited by dispersal, not by suitable habitats. The availability of suitable habitat, and the ability to identify these, opens up the possibility to expand its range through transplantation of plant fragments.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"9 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79914454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sphagnum beothuk was recently found new to Europe in Norway as the dark morph of Sphagnum fuscum proved to be conspecific with the north american S. beothuk. The Norwegian distribution suggests that it may also occur in other oceanic parts of northwestern Europe. In 2016, I made a brief survey of a number of mires in the province of Bohuslän in the westernmost part of Sweden. In three bogs, I found only S. fuscum, but in one bog this species co-occurred with S. beothuk. This implies that S. fuscum is the most common of the two species in the suboceanic part of Sweden. However, to determine the actual frequency and distribution of S. beothuk, a more extensive survey of bogs in the westernmost part of Sweden is required.
{"title":"Sphagnum beothuk new to Sweden","authors":"N. Lönnell","doi":"10.25227/linbg.01093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25227/linbg.01093","url":null,"abstract":"Sphagnum beothuk was recently found new to Europe in Norway as the dark morph of Sphagnum fuscum proved to be conspecific with the north american S. beothuk. The Norwegian distribution suggests that it may also occur in other oceanic parts of northwestern Europe. In 2016, I made a brief survey of a number of mires in the province of Bohuslän in the westernmost part of Sweden. In three bogs, I found only S. fuscum, but in one bog this species co-occurred with S. beothuk. This implies that S. fuscum is the most common of the two species in the suboceanic part of Sweden. However, to determine the actual frequency and distribution of S. beothuk, a more extensive survey of bogs in the westernmost part of Sweden is required.","PeriodicalId":18037,"journal":{"name":"Lindbergia","volume":"45 1","pages":"11 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80548107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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