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2015 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops (PerCom Workshops)最新文献

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A sensing coverage analysis of a route control method for vehicular crowd sensing 车辆人群感知路径控制方法的感知覆盖分析
Osamu Masutani
General vehicles have much potential to contribute to city surveillance in a context of Smart City. Vehicular crowd sensing is essential for reasonable and sustainable city surveillance. We propose route control method to enhance sensing coverage of crowd sensing system. The method is composed of sensing demand-aware cost assignment and a cooperative path reservation. We performed a traffic simulation to evaluate the route control method. The result shows sensing coverage of vehicular crowd sensing can be significantly enhanced without much additional travel of sensing vehicle. Therefore total sensing ability can be increased without enhancing sensor ability or enhancing the number of sensing vehicles.
在智慧城市的背景下,通用车辆在城市监控方面具有很大的潜力。车辆人群感知对于实现合理、可持续的城市监控至关重要。为了提高人群感知系统的感知覆盖率,提出了路径控制方法。该方法由感知需求的成本分配和协同路径预留组成。我们进行了交通模拟来评估路线控制方法。结果表明,在不增加传感车辆行驶的情况下,可以显著提高车辆人群传感的覆盖范围。因此,可以在不提高传感器能力或增加传感车辆数量的情况下提高总传感能力。
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引用次数: 20
A concept for a C2X-based crossroad assistant 基于c2x的十字路口助手的概念
Daniel Burgstahler, Matthias Pelzer, A. Lotz, F. Knapp, H. Pu, T. Rueckelt, R. Steinmetz
In urban crossroad areas the traffic flow is commonly not efficient. This results in an unnecessary high traffic density within cities and a resulting environmental pollution by the waste of fuel. To improve this situation, the driver should be enabled to better slow down, to better accelerate, to better decide, to better come in and to better follow within crossroads. This can be achieved by a C2X-based crossroads assistant that brings information about crossroads with lanes and traffic lights on time to the driver to decide on a convenient crossing strategy. Within this paper we introduce our concept for such a crossroads assistant that is based on newly standardized C2X message types. We have developed a novel graphical user interface for interpreting this new information sources in an intuitive, informative but not distractive way to the driver. A first prototype is already implemented and under test.
在城市十字路口地区,交通流通常效率不高。这导致了城市内不必要的高交通密度,以及由此产生的燃料浪费造成的环境污染。为了改善这种情况,司机应该能够更好地减速,更好地加速,更好地决定,更好地进入和更好地跟随十字路口。这可以通过基于c2x的十字路口助手来实现,该助手可以及时向驾驶员提供有关有车道和红绿灯的十字路口的信息,以决定方便的过马路策略。在本文中,我们介绍了基于新标准化的C2X消息类型的十字路口助手的概念。我们开发了一种新颖的图形用户界面,以直观,信息丰富但不会分散驾驶员的注意力的方式解释这些新信息源。第一个原型已经实现并正在测试中。
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引用次数: 2
MotionAuth: Motion-based authentication for wrist worn smart devices MotionAuth:针对腕部智能设备的基于动作的认证
Junshuang Yang, Yanyan Li, Mengjun Xie
Wrist worn smart devices such as smart watches become increasingly popular. As those devices collect sensitive personal information, appropriate user authentication is necessary to prevent illegitimate accesses to those devices. However, the small form and function-based usage of those wearable devices pose a big challenge to authentication. In this paper, we study the efficacy of motion based authentication for smart wearable devices. We propose MotionAuth, a behavioral biometric authentication method, which uses a wrist worn device to collect a user's behavioral biometrics and verify the identity of the person wearing the device. MotionAuth builds a user's profile based on motion data collected from motion sensors during the training phase and applies the profile in validating the alleged user during the verification phase. We implement MotionAuth using Android platform and test its effectiveness with real world data collected in a user study involving 30 users. We tested four different gestures including simple, natural gestures. Our experimental results show that MotionAuth can achieve high accuracy (as low as 2.6% EER value) and that even simple, natural gestures such as raising/lowering an arm can be used to verify a person with pretty good accuracy.
智能手表等腕式智能设备越来越受欢迎。由于这些设备收集敏感的个人信息,因此需要进行适当的用户身份验证,以防止非法访问这些设备。然而,这些可穿戴设备的小形状和基于功能的使用给身份验证带来了很大的挑战。在本文中,我们研究了基于运动的身份验证在智能可穿戴设备中的有效性。我们提出了一种行为生物识别认证方法MotionAuth,它使用手腕上佩戴的设备来收集用户的行为生物特征,并验证佩戴该设备的人的身份。MotionAuth基于训练阶段从运动传感器收集的运动数据构建用户的配置文件,并在验证阶段应用该配置文件来验证所谓的用户。我们在Android平台上实现了MotionAuth,并通过30个用户的真实世界数据来测试其有效性。我们测试了四种不同的手势,包括简单、自然的手势。我们的实验结果表明,MotionAuth可以达到很高的准确性(低至2.6%的EER值),甚至简单,自然的手势,如抬起/降低手臂,都可以用来验证一个人,准确度相当高。
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引用次数: 72
A multimedia delivery system for delay-/disruption-tolerant networks 一种用于容忍延迟/中断网络的多媒体传送系统
Christian Raffelsberger, H. Hellwagner
Multimedia delivery systems and protocols usually assume end-to-end connections and low delivery delays between multimedia sources and consumers. However, neither of these two properties can always be achieved in hastily formed networks for emergency response operations. In particular, disruptions may break end-to-end connections, which makes it impossible to deliver multimedia content instantly. This work presents a multimedia delivery system that can operate in disrupted networks and hence may help improve the situational awareness in emergency response operations. The multimedia delivery system is based on HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) and uses a modified version of HTTP which is able to deliver data in partitioned networks. The multimedia delivery system is evaluated in a realistic emergency response scenario.
多媒体传输系统和协议通常假定多媒体源和消费者之间存在端到端连接,并且传输延迟较低。然而,这两种特性都不能总是在仓促形成的应急响应行动网络中实现。特别是,中断可能会中断端到端的连接,从而无法立即传送多媒体内容。这项工作提出了一个可以在中断的网络中运行的多媒体交付系统,因此可能有助于提高应急响应行动中的态势感知。多媒体传输系统以HTTP自适应流(HAS)为基础,采用HTTP的改进版本,能够在分区网络中传输数据。在现实的应急响应场景中对多媒体传输系统进行了评估。
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引用次数: 3
Social Hue: A subtle awareness system for connecting the elderly and their caregivers 社会色调:一个微妙的意识系统,连接老年人和他们的照顾者
Kadian Davis, Jun Hu, L. Feijs, Evans Owusu
In this position paper, we propose an unobtrusive solution for improving bonding relations between the elderly and their caregivers, through the Social Hue. The Social Hue is a bidirectional application that is based on the Philips Hue light. To create social presence, activity and emotional states will be detected through sensors and will be transformed into ambient lighting into the elder's home and vice versa without overt communication from participants. Findings are expected to provide a deeper insight on the notion of subtle awareness in relation to social connectivity between the elderly and their caregivers.
在这个立场文件中,我们提出了一个不引人注目的解决方案,通过社会色调来改善老年人和他们的照顾者之间的联系。Social Hue是一个基于飞利浦Hue灯的双向应用程序。为了创造社会存在,活动和情绪状态将通过传感器检测,并将转化为老年人家中的环境照明,反之亦然,没有参与者公开的交流。研究结果有望对老年人与其照顾者之间的社会联系的微妙意识概念提供更深入的见解。
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引用次数: 21
SmartEvacTrak: A people counting and coarse-level localization solution for efficient evacuation of large buildings SmartEvacTrak:用于大型建筑物高效疏散的人员计数和粗略定位解决方案
Nasimuddin Ahmed, Avik Ghose, A. Agrawal, C. Bhaumik, Vivek Chandel, Abhinav Kumar
Efficient evacuation of large buildings which seat more than twenty thousand people is a major challenge for building management authorities. Although many enterprise buildings have access control to count those entering various areas, such controls need to be switched off at times of emergency to avoid people getting trapped at a particular location. Hence, counting people during evacuation remains largely manual and error prone. Also, last known location based on access control from business management systems can be erroneous due to issues like tail gating. Accurate people counters like Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) often prove costly in large deployments. In this paper we present “SmartEvacTrak”, a low-cost evacuation system which can count people entering and exiting with over 98% accuracy and can also localize people at a coarse level with around 97% accuracy, from results obtained from an evacuation experiment performed on a set of 350+ people randomly exiting a building.
能容纳2万人以上的大型建筑的高效疏散是建筑管理部门面临的一大挑战。虽然许多企业大楼都有出入控制来统计进入各个区域的人数,但在紧急情况下,需要关闭这种控制,以避免人们被困在特定位置。因此,在疏散期间的人数统计仍然主要是人工的,而且容易出错。此外,基于来自业务管理系统的访问控制的最后已知位置可能由于诸如尾部控制之类的问题而出错。像射频识别(RFID)这样精确的人员计数器在大规模部署中往往成本高昂。在本文中,我们提出了“SmartEvacTrak”,这是一种低成本的疏散系统,可以计算进出人员的准确率超过98%,并且还可以根据对随机离开建筑物的350多人进行的疏散实验获得的结果,以大约97%的准确率粗略地定位人员。
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引用次数: 24
Improving wireless LAN throughput by using concurrent transmissions from multiple access points based on location of mobile hosts 利用基于移动主机位置的多个接入点的并发传输来提高无线局域网的吞吐量
Tatsuya Ito, Kodai Murakami, S. Ishihara
The size of data exchanged via the Internet and the number of Wi-Fi devices have been increasing, and the amount of data traffic will continue to increase in the future. Thus, ensuring the communication capacity of wireless LANs is one of the most important issues. By reducing communication coverage of each wireless LAN access point (AP) and densely deploying APs, it is possible to improve the communication capacity of the wireless LAN. However, the communication capacity decreases due to frequent interference between APs when they are densely deployed. If neighboring APs can use different channels, interference between APs can be avoided. However, if the number of available channels is limited, it is difficult to improve the communication capacity by increasing the density of APs. For further improving the communication capacity of wireless LANs, the management and control of the APs on the same channel is important. In this paper, we present an architecture in which multiple APs working on the same channel concurrently transmit frames avoiding interference to improve the throughput. In the architecture, a device called an aggregator is introduced. All APs are connected to the aggregator, and the aggregator is connected to a wired LAN. The aggregator schedules downstream frames so as to increase the number of concurrent transmissions from multiple access points to different STAs in the area. It calculates SINR of APs and mobile hosts, and schedules concurrent transmissions. To this end, the aggregator obtains the location of the mobile hosts through the visible light communication or some other means. When there is only downstream traffic, simulation results show that the proposed architecture improves the throughput about 10% compared to the normal IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN.
通过互联网交换的数据量和Wi-Fi设备的数量一直在增加,未来的数据流量将继续增加。因此,保证无线局域网的通信容量是最重要的问题之一。通过减少无线局域网每个接入点(AP)的通信覆盖范围,密集部署AP,可以提高无线局域网的通信容量。但在ap密集部署时,由于ap之间相互干扰频繁,导致通信容量下降。如果相邻ap可以使用不同的信道,可以避免ap之间的干扰。但是,在可用信道数量有限的情况下,很难通过增加ap的密度来提高通信容量。为了进一步提高无线局域网的通信容量,对同一信道上的ap进行管理和控制是非常重要的。在本文中,我们提出了一种架构,其中多个ap工作在同一信道并发传输帧避免干扰,以提高吞吐量。在该体系结构中,引入了一种称为聚合器的设备。所有ap都连接到聚合器,聚合器连接到有线局域网。聚合器调度下行帧,以增加从多个接入点到该区域内不同sta的并发传输的数量。它计算ap和移动主机的信噪比,并调度并发传输。为此,聚合器通过可见光通信或其他方式获取移动主机的位置。仿真结果表明,在只有下行流量的情况下,该架构比普通IEEE 802.11无线局域网的吞吐量提高了10%左右。
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引用次数: 3
Demo abstract: Monitoring co-movement of smart objects using accelerometer data 演示摘要:利用加速度计数据监测智能物体的协同运动
L. E. Talavera, M. Endler, F. Silva
In the Internet of Mobile Things (IoMT) applications dealing with mobile objects may benefit from information if two or more objects are in co-movement, i.e. if they are close to each other and sharing the same movement pattern during some interval of time. In this demo we demonstrate how co-movement can be reliably monitored in a mobile middleware component executing on a smartphone using Complex Event Processing over streams of accelerometer data generated by SensorTags interacting with the smartphone through Bluetooth Low Energy.
在移动物联网(IoMT)中,处理移动对象的应用程序可能会受益于两个或多个对象共同运动的信息,即如果它们彼此靠近并在一段时间间隔内共享相同的运动模式。在本演示中,我们演示了如何在智能手机上执行的移动中间件组件中可靠地监控协同运动,该组件使用复杂事件处理(Complex Event Processing)处理由SensorTags通过低功耗蓝牙与智能手机交互生成的加速度计数据流。
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引用次数: 1
Dynamics of social-aware pervasive networks 社会意识普遍网络的动态
W. Junior, P. Mendes
Social-aware pervasive networks consider the users' social behavior to overcome intermittent end-to-end connectivity, inherent to this type of networking: forwarding decisions consider local knowledge about the behavior of nodes to predict future encounters. Complex Network Analysis (CNA) has been used to support contact prediction, by aggregating connectivity graphs into less volatile social graphs. Nevertheless, the structure of such graphs is rather dynamic, since users' social behavior and interactions vary throughout their daily routines and according to their mobility. Consequently, aggregation algorithms should be able to create social graphs that reflect the resulting dynamic behavior of people. This paper discusses on human behavior-aware aggregation to allow the creation of graphs based on social variations observed in people's daily routines. By focusing on the dynamics of the network, we show that social graphs, reflecting different stages of human social behavior and mobility, are able to take advantage of the potential small-world properties of networks in different time frames, improving the performance of social-aware opportunistic forwarding.
具有社会意识的普适网络考虑用户的社会行为来克服间断的端到端连接,这是这种类型的网络所固有的:转发决策考虑有关节点行为的本地知识来预测未来的相遇。复杂网络分析(CNA)通过将连接图聚合成波动较小的社会图来支持联系预测。然而,这种图表的结构是动态的,因为用户的社交行为和互动在他们的日常生活中以及根据他们的移动性而变化。因此,聚合算法应该能够创建反映人们动态行为的社交图表。本文讨论了人类行为感知聚合,以允许基于人们日常生活中观察到的社会变化创建图形。通过关注网络的动态,我们展示了反映人类社会行为和流动性不同阶段的社交图,能够在不同的时间框架内利用网络潜在的小世界属性,提高社会意识机会转发的性能。
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引用次数: 4
Opportunities and challenges in multi-modal sensing for regular lifestyle tracking 多模态传感用于日常生活方式跟踪的机遇与挑战
Sougata Sen
With the availability of various publicly available and personal sensors, recording and profiling of activities of daily living (ADL) is becoming a reality. The sensors are omnipresent - in smartphones, smartwatches, and smartglasses and even in the environment around us in the form of peer smartphones or even infrastructure sensors such as bluetooth low energy beacons. However, there are various challenges pertaining to the sensor data processing, which makes creation of activities of daily life tracker challenging. In this work, we discuss about some of these challenges. We also discuss about some ADL tracking systems that we have developed and how we have addressed some of the challenges in building these systems. We further discuss about how various ADL trackers can be combined into a framework which can allow individuals to select a custom set of ADLs for self-tracking.
随着各种公共和个人传感器的可用性,记录和分析日常生活活动(ADL)正在成为现实。传感器无处不在——在智能手机、智能手表和智能眼镜中,甚至在我们周围的环境中,以智能手机的形式,甚至是蓝牙低能量信标等基础设施传感器。然而,在传感器数据处理方面存在各种挑战,这使得日常生活跟踪器活动的创建具有挑战性。在本文中,我们将讨论其中的一些挑战。我们还讨论了我们开发的一些ADL跟踪系统,以及我们如何解决构建这些系统的一些挑战。我们进一步讨论了如何将各种ADL跟踪器组合成一个框架,允许个人选择一组自定义ADL进行自我跟踪。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2015 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops (PerCom Workshops)
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