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2015 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops (PerCom Workshops)最新文献

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Demo abstract: Power aware core scheduling in multicore smartphones 演示摘要:多核智能手机的功耗感知核心调度
Shaosong Li, Shivakant Mishra
Modern smartphones are increasingly equipped with mul-ticore processors. However, current applications are yet to take full advantage of this new architecture, particularly in the area of managing power consumption. This demo demonstrates three new scheduling algorithms that dynamically schedule an optimal number of cores with each core running at an optimal frequency. A unique feature of these scheduling algorithms is that they take into account the tradeoff between power consumption, performance and user experience. They achieve the best tradeoff under the current context. A prototype implementation on a quad-core HTC One smartohone shows that these algorithms result in significant reduction in power consumption while ensuring good performance and user experience. The demo includes several different popular smartphone applications such as video streaming using YouTube, Candy Crush game, audio streaming using Pandora, navigation using Google Maps, and converting video from .avi to .mp4 format. Users can run these applications using one of the three new scheduling algorithms under different tradeoff scenarios and observe the amount of power savings achieved by the new algorithms.
现代智能手机越来越多地配备了多核处理器。然而,目前的应用程序尚未充分利用这种新架构,特别是在管理功耗方面。这个演示演示了三种新的调度算法,这些算法动态调度最优数量的核心,每个核心以最优频率运行。这些调度算法的一个独特之处在于,它们考虑到了功耗、性能和用户体验之间的权衡。它们在当前环境下实现了最佳折衷。在四核HTC One智能手机上的原型实现表明,这些算法在确保良好性能和用户体验的同时显著降低了功耗。演示包括几种不同的流行智能手机应用程序,如使用YouTube的视频流,糖果粉碎游戏,使用潘多拉的音频流,使用谷歌地图的导航,以及将视频从。avi格式转换为。mp4格式。用户可以在不同的权衡方案下使用三种新的调度算法中的一种来运行这些应用程序,并观察新算法所节省的电量。
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引用次数: 0
Demo abstract: Activity recognition and human energy expenditure estimation with a smartphone 演示摘要:基于智能手机的活动识别和人体能量消耗估算
Bozidara Cvetkovic, Vito Janko, M. Luštrek
This paper presents a novel method for activity recognition and estimation of human energy expenditure with a smartphone and an optional heart-rate monitor. The method detects the presence of the devices, normalizes the orientation of the phone, detects its location on the body, and uses location-specific models to recognize the activity and estimate the energy expenditure. The normalization of the orientation and the detection of the location significantly improve the accuracy; the estimated energy expenditure is more accurate than that provided by a state-of-the-art dedicated consumer device.
本文提出了一种利用智能手机和可选心率监测器对人体能量消耗进行活动识别和估计的新方法。该方法检测设备的存在,使手机的方向正常化,检测其在身体上的位置,并使用位置特定模型来识别活动并估计能量消耗。方向的归一化和位置的检测显著提高了精度;估计的能量消耗比最先进的专用消费设备提供的更准确。
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引用次数: 19
Travel time estimation in real-time using buses as speed probes 以公共汽车为速度探测器的实时行程时间估计
Dimitrios Tomaras, Ioannis Boutsis, V. Kalogeraki
Travel time estimation is a strategically important service in urban environments for personalized and eco-friendly route planning optimization, congestion avoidance, ridesharing and taxi dispatching. However, storing and retrieving traffic data in specific spatiotemporal regions is not an easy task as the data generated by these systems are typically very large and dynamic. In this paper we propose an efficient and scalable solution for real-time travel time estimation of trajectories. In our system buses are used as speed probes to obtain real-time traffic data information and spatio-temporal trajectories are stored in a dynamic indexing system optimized for efficiently retrieving spatiotemporal data in real-time. Our experimental evaluation illustrates the efficiency and scalability of our approach.
在城市环境中,出行时间估计对于个性化和生态友好的路线规划优化、避免拥堵、拼车和出租车调度具有重要的战略意义。然而,存储和检索特定时空区域的交通数据并非易事,因为这些系统生成的数据通常非常庞大且动态。在本文中,我们提出了一种有效的、可扩展的轨迹实时行程时间估计方法。在我们的系统中,总线作为速度探测器来获取实时交通数据信息,时空轨迹存储在一个动态索引系统中,该系统优化了实时检索时空数据的效率。我们的实验评估证明了我们的方法的效率和可扩展性。
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引用次数: 3
The case for smartwatch-based diet monitoring 基于智能手表的饮食监测
Sougata Sen, Vigneshwaran Subbaraju, Archan Misra, R. Balan, Youngki Lee
We explore the use of gesture recognition on a wrist-worn smartwatch as an enabler of an automated eating activity (and diet monitoring) system. We show, using small-scale user studies, how it is possible to use the accelerometer and gyroscope data from a smartwatch to accurately separate eating episodes from similar non-eating activities, and to additionally identify the mode of eating (i.e., using a spoon, bare hands or chopsticks). Additionally, we investigate the likelihood of automatically triggering the smartwatch's camera to capture clear images of the food being consumed, for possible offline analysis to identify what (and how much) the user is eating. Our results show both the promise and challenges of this vision: while opportune moments for capturing such useful images almost always exist in an eating episode, significant further work is needed to both (a) correctly identify the appropriate instant when the camera should be triggered and (b) reliably identify the type of food via automated analyses of such images.
我们探索了在手腕上的智能手表上使用手势识别作为自动饮食活动(和饮食监测)系统的启用器。通过小规模的用户研究,我们展示了如何使用智能手表的加速度计和陀螺仪数据来准确地将进食事件与类似的非进食活动分开,并额外识别进食模式(即使用勺子,赤手或筷子)。此外,我们还研究了自动触发智能手表的摄像头捕捉正在消耗的食物的清晰图像的可能性,以便进行离线分析,以确定用户正在吃什么(以及吃了多少)。我们的研究结果显示了这一愿景的希望和挑战:虽然捕捉这些有用图像的时机几乎总是存在于进食过程中,但需要进一步的工作来(a)正确识别相机应该被触发的适当时刻,(b)通过对这些图像的自动分析可靠地识别食物的类型。
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引用次数: 86
Using temporal correlation and time series to detect missing activity-driven sensor events 使用时间相关性和时间序列来检测缺失的活动驱动传感器事件
Juan Ye, Graeme Stevenson, S. Dobson
Increasing numbers of sensors are being deployed in environments to monitor our behaviours and environmental phenomena. Missing data is an inevitable problem in almost every sensorised environment, due to physical failure, poor connection, or dislodgement. This results in an incomplete view of the real-world, leading to poor prediction and consequently, degraded quality of system services. This paper explores generic solutions towards detecting missing data on event-driven sensors using both temporal correlation and time series analysis. The solutions are evaluated on a real-world dataset and achieve promising results with accuracy around 80%.
越来越多的传感器被部署在环境中,以监测我们的行为和环境现象。在几乎所有的传感环境中,由于物理故障、连接不良或移位,数据丢失是一个不可避免的问题。这将导致对现实世界的不完整的看法,导致较差的预测,从而降低系统服务的质量。本文探讨了使用时间相关和时间序列分析来检测事件驱动传感器上缺失数据的通用解决方案。这些解决方案在真实世界的数据集上进行了评估,并获得了准确率约为80%的有希望的结果。
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引用次数: 5
A novel estimation method of road condition for pedestrian navigation 一种新的行人导航路况估计方法
Takumi Satoh, Akihito Hiromori, H. Yamaguchi, T. Higashino
In this paper, we design and develop a ground surface condition recognition algorithm using shoe-mounted inertial sensors. We use a pair of small sensor boxes mounted on feet with accelerometers and gyro sensors inside and detect walking steps using them. Firstly, we detect stationary stance phase using accelerometers and gyro sensors. Then, based on this information, we estimate the “Angle of Inclination” (AoI) and stability of the ground. Moreover, we estimate whether the road surface is flat or not(unstable or unpaved (covered by gravel rubble or dirt) otherwise) based on variance of AoI. In addition, as for small undulation of surface due to dips, humps and bumps, which is hard to recognize only by a few samplings, we rely on continuous sensing data aggregated spatially from multiple users based on dead-reckoning techniques. We have developed a prototype of the proposed method. In the experiments, we show that our method cannot estimate not only walking steps correctly and but also AoIs of roads in rough trends.
本文设计并开发了一种基于鞋载惯性传感器的地面状态识别算法。我们使用一对安装在脚上的小传感器盒子,里面装有加速度计和陀螺仪传感器,并使用它们来检测行走的步骤。首先,我们使用加速度计和陀螺传感器检测静止姿态相位。然后,根据这些信息,我们估计了“倾斜角”(AoI)和地面的稳定性。此外,我们根据AoI的方差估计路面是否平坦(不稳定或未铺设(被碎石或泥土覆盖))。此外,对于由于倾角、驼峰和凸起而产生的地表小波动,仅通过少量采样难以识别,我们依靠基于航位推算技术的多个用户空间聚合的连续传感数据。我们已经开发了该方法的原型。实验表明,该方法不仅不能正确估计行走步数,而且不能准确估计粗糙趋势下道路的aoi。
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引用次数: 6
A spatio-temporal network model to represent and analyze LBSNs 一个时空网络模型来表示和分析lbsn
B. Moreno, V. Times, S. Matwin
With the increasing popularity of Location-based Social Networks (LBSNs), users have shared information about places they have visited, creating a link between the real world (their movements on the globe) and the virtual world (what they express about these movements on the LBSNs). In this article, we propose the SiST model, which contains information captured from different dimensions (Social, Spatial and Temporal). The proposed model is a graph that links two users, as long as both of them are friends and have published that they were at the same place within a predefined time interval. In addition to movement patterns that can be extracted using SiST, this model may be used to predict if two users will meet in a short time span by executing a classification algorithm. Performance tests were conducted with SiST networks that were built based on three real LBSN datasets. Results indicated that it is possible to forecast with high accuracy (ranging from 80.50% to 96.32%) whether two people will meet or not using two days of historical data.
随着基于位置的社交网络(LBSNs)的日益普及,用户可以分享他们去过的地方的信息,在现实世界(他们在全球的活动)和虚拟世界(他们在LBSNs上表达的这些活动)之间建立了联系。在本文中,我们提出了SiST模型,该模型包含从不同维度(社会、空间和时间)捕获的信息。所提出的模型是一个连接两个用户的图,只要他们都是朋友,并且在预定义的时间间隔内发布了他们在同一地点的信息。除了可以使用SiST提取移动模式外,该模型还可以通过执行分类算法来预测两个用户是否会在短时间内相遇。使用基于三个真实LBSN数据集构建的SiST网络进行了性能测试。结果表明,利用2天的历史数据,可以以较高的准确率(80.50% ~ 96.32%)预测两个人是否会见面。
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引用次数: 1
A secure isolation of software activities in tiny scale systems 在小型系统中安全隔离软件活动
Oliver Stecklina
All visions of pervasive computing share the idea of smart, small, and cheap devices that improve our everyday life. Their applications typically fall under sensor-based communication-enabled autonomous and deeply embedded monitor and control systems. But common smart sensors and deeply embedded controllers are also able to do many things that we do not want. In fact, they will be always vulnerable to doing the bidding of attackers, to the detriment of their owners. This work presents a concept of a security architecture for tiny scale devices, which are typically close to the physical elements and featured with very limited resources. The concept describes a compile- and run-time co-design process to bring a tailor-made implementation of well-understood technologies of desktop systems on this type of devices to enforce an adequate security level.
普适计算的所有愿景都有一个共同点,那就是智能、小巧、廉价的设备可以改善我们的日常生活。它们的应用通常属于基于传感器的通信自主和深度嵌入式监测和控制系统。但普通的智能传感器和深度嵌入式控制器也能做很多我们不想做的事情。事实上,它们总是容易受到攻击者的指使,从而损害它们的所有者。这项工作提出了微型设备安全架构的概念,这些设备通常接近物理元素,并且具有非常有限的资源。这个概念描述了一个编译和运行时协同设计过程,在这种类型的设备上为桌面系统提供一个易于理解的技术的定制实现,以加强适当的安全级别。
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引用次数: 0
A case study on minimum energy operation for dynamic time warping signal processing in wearable computers 基于最小能量运算的可穿戴计算机动态时间规整信号处理实例研究
J. Birjandtalab, Qingxue Zhang, R. Jafari
Miniaturization and form factor reduction in wearable computers leads to enhanced wearability. Power optimization typically translates to form factor reduction, hence of paramount importance. This paper demonstrates power consumption analysis obtained for various operating modes in circuits suitable for wearable computers which are typically equipped with sensors that provide time series data (e.g., acceleration, ECG). Dynamic time warping (DTW) is considered a suitable signal processing technique for wearable computers, particularly due to its lower computational complexity requirement and the robustness to speed variations (acceleration and de-acceleration) in time series data. Wearable computers usually have very low computational performance requirements, which is explored in this work to minimize the system level energy consumption. We provide a comparison among three modes of operations, namely minimum energy operating point (MEOP), minimum voltage operation point (MVOP) and nominal voltage operating point (NVOP) all leveraging sleep transistors when circuits are inactive. The results show that the MVOP, in conjunction with sleep transistors, provides the least energy budget and leads to a reduction in energy consumption compared to the MEO, which is known as a suitable operating mode for ultra-low power circuits.
可穿戴式计算机的小型化和外形尺寸的减小提高了可穿戴性。功率优化通常转化为减小外形尺寸,因此是最重要的。本文演示了适用于可穿戴计算机的电路中各种工作模式的功耗分析,可穿戴计算机通常配备提供时间序列数据的传感器(例如,加速度,ECG)。动态时间规整(DTW)被认为是一种适用于可穿戴计算机的信号处理技术,特别是由于其较低的计算复杂度要求和对时间序列数据中速度变化(加速和去加速)的鲁棒性。可穿戴计算机通常对计算性能的要求很低,本工作旨在探索将系统级能耗降至最低。我们提供了三种工作模式的比较,即最小能量工作点(MEOP),最小电压工作点(MVOP)和标称电压工作点(NVOP),它们都在电路非活动时利用休眠晶体管。结果表明,与MEO相比,MVOP与休眠晶体管相结合,提供了最少的能量预算,并导致能耗降低,这被称为超低功耗电路的合适工作模式。
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引用次数: 7
Demo abstract: WearableHUB: An open pervasive wearable data fusion platform for personal health management 演示摘要:weararablehub:面向个人健康管理的开放式普适可穿戴数据融合平台
Yiqiang Chen, Wen Gao, Shuangquan Wang, Shuai Jiao
The past years has seen the emergence and fast growing of various wearable devices, such as smart watches, wrist bands, rings, glasses, jewelry, garments, etc. Although wearable devices have a wide usage scope, healthcare is one of the most promising field which is being exploited by a number of big enterprises and research institutes. However, existing healthcare related wearable products usually work individually. There is almost no data transmission or information exchange between different kinds of devices, which prevents data fusion of multiple devices and development of upper layer healthcare applications. In this demo, we present WearableHUB, a mobile phone based open pervasive wearable data fusion platform for personal health management. WearableHUB can transform multimodal data (motion data, physiological indices, etc.) into unified format according to predefined standard. Other than traditional wearable computing system, WearableHUB not only can get preloaded function results from different devices based on module library according to data type and device position, but also can trigger and get dynamic online downloaded APP function base on fusing multimodal data and extracting higher level information.
在过去的几年里,各种可穿戴设备的出现和快速发展,如智能手表、腕带、戒指、眼镜、珠宝、服装等。虽然可穿戴设备的使用范围很广,但医疗保健是最有前途的领域之一,许多大企业和研究机构正在开发。然而,现有的医疗保健相关可穿戴产品通常是单独工作的。不同类型的设备之间几乎没有数据传输或信息交换,这阻碍了多设备的数据融合和上层医疗保健应用的开发。在这个演示中,我们介绍了weararablehub,一个基于移动电话的开放式普适可穿戴数据融合平台,用于个人健康管理。weararablehub可以将多模态数据(运动数据、生理指标等)按照预定义的标准转换成统一的格式。与传统的可穿戴计算系统不同,weararablehub不仅可以根据数据类型和设备位置,基于模块库获取不同设备的预加载功能结果,还可以基于融合多模态数据,提取更高层次信息,触发并获得动态的在线下载APP功能。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
2015 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops (PerCom Workshops)
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