Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722944
D. Wijesekera, S. Varadarajan, S. Parikh, J. Srivastava, A. Nerode
We show a methodology for a user-driven, top down approach to research in quality of service issues in multimedia systems. As a case study, we show the development of metrics, validation by means of a user study, and a performance evaluation of a prototyping environment. The Berkeley Continuous Media Toolkit (CMT) is a popular environment that satisfies this need. From a user's perspective, in order for multimedia demonstrations to be comprehensible, the number of audio or video frames dropped and the timing delays in the ones that are displayed, need to be kept to a minimum. Therefore, it is important to know the frame dropping characteristics of CMT. In a series of experiments we monitored the variation of these parameters with respect to processor and network loads. It was observed that loads affect aggregate frame drops at lower rates and consecutive frame drops at higher rates. Because at a higher rate a large number of consecutive frames are dropped, the ones that are played appear in a more timely manner. As a solution to the observed problems, we present some QoS based approaches to control drop and delay parameters.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of media losses in the Continuous Media Toolkit","authors":"D. Wijesekera, S. Varadarajan, S. Parikh, J. Srivastava, A. Nerode","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722944","url":null,"abstract":"We show a methodology for a user-driven, top down approach to research in quality of service issues in multimedia systems. As a case study, we show the development of metrics, validation by means of a user study, and a performance evaluation of a prototyping environment. The Berkeley Continuous Media Toolkit (CMT) is a popular environment that satisfies this need. From a user's perspective, in order for multimedia demonstrations to be comprehensible, the number of audio or video frames dropped and the timing delays in the ones that are displayed, need to be kept to a minimum. Therefore, it is important to know the frame dropping characteristics of CMT. In a series of experiments we monitored the variation of these parameters with respect to processor and network loads. It was observed that loads affect aggregate frame drops at lower rates and consecutive frame drops at higher rates. Because at a higher rate a large number of consecutive frames are dropped, the ones that are played appear in a more timely manner. As a solution to the observed problems, we present some QoS based approaches to control drop and delay parameters.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117148884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722954
D. Min, Eunmi Choi, Youngtae Han, D. Hwang, Jaeho Jung
This paper presents a platform-independent multimedia distance education system, called GVA (Global Virtual Academy). The GVA system provides a distance lecture environment supported by multi-use interactive tools such as real-time full-duplex voice talking, text chatting, and a shared whiteboard on top of a web browser. For organizing and coordinating several concurrent lecture sections session and conference management schemes are employed. In addition, this system offers a self-study environment in which students access lecture notes on the web and review previous lectures on demand. For the on-demand lecture review service, multimedia data of real-time lectures are stored on the database of the GVA system and replayed later on demand with intermedia synchronization. This system is implemented in Java language and thus portable to any machines with Java Virtual Machine. Currently, this system is accessible by the registered through various network environments including LAN, ISDN, PSTN and Internet. This remote lecture system can provide a good environment to educate students via multimedia interactive communication and bring remote users within easy distance.
{"title":"A distributed multimedia conferencing system for distance learning","authors":"D. Min, Eunmi Choi, Youngtae Han, D. Hwang, Jaeho Jung","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722954","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a platform-independent multimedia distance education system, called GVA (Global Virtual Academy). The GVA system provides a distance lecture environment supported by multi-use interactive tools such as real-time full-duplex voice talking, text chatting, and a shared whiteboard on top of a web browser. For organizing and coordinating several concurrent lecture sections session and conference management schemes are employed. In addition, this system offers a self-study environment in which students access lecture notes on the web and review previous lectures on demand. For the on-demand lecture review service, multimedia data of real-time lectures are stored on the database of the GVA system and replayed later on demand with intermedia synchronization. This system is implemented in Java language and thus portable to any machines with Java Virtual Machine. Currently, this system is accessible by the registered through various network environments including LAN, ISDN, PSTN and Internet. This remote lecture system can provide a good environment to educate students via multimedia interactive communication and bring remote users within easy distance.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121186641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722924
T. Hochin, Masanori Harada, Mitsuru Nakata, T. Tsuji
Customizing multimedia data as well as referring its portion is required in multimedia applications. This paper proposes a virtual multimedia object (VMO). This is the object virtually created based on objects in multimedia data. Users can derive portions of multimedia data, append specific data to them, create a new object based on them, and convert their data formats through VMOs. This paper tries to formally describe VMOs. Moreover, a pointing entry is introduced to implement the system based on the concept of VMOs. A pointing entry represents the mappings between a VMO and its original data. Pointing entries are created through user-defined deriving procedures. VMOs are derived through user-defined mapping functions by using the original data and pointing entries. A prototype system using pointing entries has been constructed. Applying it to a multimedia application clarifies that users can manipulate VMOs by writing only a few lines of code, and the mechanism of VMOs gives us a programming guideline.
{"title":"Virtual multimedia objects as the platform of customizing multimedia data","authors":"T. Hochin, Masanori Harada, Mitsuru Nakata, T. Tsuji","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722924","url":null,"abstract":"Customizing multimedia data as well as referring its portion is required in multimedia applications. This paper proposes a virtual multimedia object (VMO). This is the object virtually created based on objects in multimedia data. Users can derive portions of multimedia data, append specific data to them, create a new object based on them, and convert their data formats through VMOs. This paper tries to formally describe VMOs. Moreover, a pointing entry is introduced to implement the system based on the concept of VMOs. A pointing entry represents the mappings between a VMO and its original data. Pointing entries are created through user-defined deriving procedures. VMOs are derived through user-defined mapping functions by using the original data and pointing entries. A prototype system using pointing entries has been constructed. Applying it to a multimedia application clarifies that users can manipulate VMOs by writing only a few lines of code, and the mechanism of VMOs gives us a programming guideline.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128398899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722956
M. Hirakawa, Seiichi Mizumoto, A. Yoshitaka, T. Ichikawa
While multimedia/multimodal interfaces allow people to interact with computers more easily, due to an explosion of the information to be managed, an additional facility for assisting people in managing the information is needed. A new approach of personal information management based on the situation is presented. This study was motivated by the fact that (mobile) computers are operated under many different situations, including the time when an event occurs, the location where we are, and actions which were performed in the past. User's actions are dependent on situations. In our trial, information is presented to the user selectively in accordance with the current situation. Here the system monitors user's events and establishes relationships between the information and situations at runtime. A prototype system which has been implemented for demonstrating the effectiveness of the idea in file management, is also explained.
{"title":"A situation-sensitive interface for the management of personal documents","authors":"M. Hirakawa, Seiichi Mizumoto, A. Yoshitaka, T. Ichikawa","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722956","url":null,"abstract":"While multimedia/multimodal interfaces allow people to interact with computers more easily, due to an explosion of the information to be managed, an additional facility for assisting people in managing the information is needed. A new approach of personal information management based on the situation is presented. This study was motivated by the fact that (mobile) computers are operated under many different situations, including the time when an event occurs, the location where we are, and actions which were performed in the past. User's actions are dependent on situations. In our trial, information is presented to the user selectively in accordance with the current situation. Here the system monitors user's events and establishes relationships between the information and situations at runtime. A prototype system which has been implemented for demonstrating the effectiveness of the idea in file management, is also explained.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131651259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722952
Y. Koseki
{"title":"Developing personalized information services on the internet","authors":"Y. Koseki","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722952","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132567279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722959
Young Francis Day, W. Al-Khatib, R. Paul, A. Ghafoor
We propose an abstract multimedia query calculus that is built upon a set of generalized n-ary spatio-temporal relations and the object-oriented modeling paradigm for multimedia data. The proposed calculus allows the declaration of multimedia data, specification of spatio-temporal logic, formulation of spatio-temporal queries for content-based retrieval of image/video data, and composition/retrieval of multimedia documents.
{"title":"Specification of a query language for multimedia database systems","authors":"Young Francis Day, W. Al-Khatib, R. Paul, A. Ghafoor","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722959","url":null,"abstract":"We propose an abstract multimedia query calculus that is built upon a set of generalized n-ary spatio-temporal relations and the object-oriented modeling paradigm for multimedia data. The proposed calculus allows the declaration of multimedia data, specification of spatio-temporal logic, formulation of spatio-temporal queries for content-based retrieval of image/video data, and composition/retrieval of multimedia documents.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134173693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722947
Carlos Miguel Tobar Toledo, I. Ricarte
Data perception importance by users has demanded data models oriented to individuals, whose emphasis is information description at high levels of abstraction. Model-based approaches to hypermedia design are authoring methodologies that make use of the newest data models in order to begin from high level abstractions a step-by-step process directed to low level specifications trying to cope with multimedia and hypermedia. A development approach of multimedia and hypermedia oriented data models is proposed, named the hook approach, that basically establishes the need for facilitator mechanisms to allow mappings between data models of different abstraction levels. In order to point out the broadness of authoring methodologies and even to allow their comparison an Abstract Categorization Map is also proposed. This map can be used to present data model adherence to the hook approach and also can be used as a reference framework for data models oriented to support multimedia and hypermedia.
{"title":"A framework for assessing and comparing multimedia and hypermedia authoring methodologies","authors":"Carlos Miguel Tobar Toledo, I. Ricarte","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722947","url":null,"abstract":"Data perception importance by users has demanded data models oriented to individuals, whose emphasis is information description at high levels of abstraction. Model-based approaches to hypermedia design are authoring methodologies that make use of the newest data models in order to begin from high level abstractions a step-by-step process directed to low level specifications trying to cope with multimedia and hypermedia. A development approach of multimedia and hypermedia oriented data models is proposed, named the hook approach, that basically establishes the need for facilitator mechanisms to allow mappings between data models of different abstraction levels. In order to point out the broadness of authoring methodologies and even to allow their comparison an Abstract Categorization Map is also proposed. This map can be used to present data model adherence to the hook approach and also can be used as a reference framework for data models oriented to support multimedia and hypermedia.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130664336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722958
M. Sifer
When browsing a large hypermedia collection, users open struggle to maintain context. An overview facility which works together with standard browsers is needed. The Structured Graph Viewer is part of a system designed to do this. The system supports organising a collection as a structured graph, which can then be explored with the viewer. Structured graphs is a visual formalism originally created to assist the design of scalable graph based CASE tools. A structured graph includes: a graph, a hierarchy and a rule for graph summarisation which uses the hierarchy. The viewer offers improved navigation by letting users find nodes with a combination of: direct hyperlinks, summary hyperlinks, hierarchy based and text based search.
{"title":"Structured Graph Viewer: a scalable hypermedia browsing tool","authors":"M. Sifer","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722958","url":null,"abstract":"When browsing a large hypermedia collection, users open struggle to maintain context. An overview facility which works together with standard browsers is needed. The Structured Graph Viewer is part of a system designed to do this. The system supports organising a collection as a structured graph, which can then be explored with the viewer. Structured graphs is a visual formalism originally created to assist the design of scalable graph based CASE tools. A structured graph includes: a graph, a hierarchy and a rule for graph summarisation which uses the hierarchy. The viewer offers improved navigation by letting users find nodes with a combination of: direct hyperlinks, summary hyperlinks, hierarchy based and text based search.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134594480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722936
InHo Lin, Chwan-Chia Wu, Bih-Hwang Lee
This paper presents an object-oriented model to handle the temporal relationship of multimedia objects at the presentation platform. Synchronization of the composite media objects is achieved by ensuring that all of the media objects to be presented in the upcoming "manageable" period must be ready for execution. We define the manageable presentation interval and introduce the concept of presentation groups. According to the above-mentioned concept, we propose a new model called GCOCPN and an algorithm to implement this temporal synchronization scheme by scanning the time-line based temporal specifications and converting to our proposed synchronization model.
{"title":"A synchronization model for multimedia presentation with critical overlap avoidance","authors":"InHo Lin, Chwan-Chia Wu, Bih-Hwang Lee","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722936","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an object-oriented model to handle the temporal relationship of multimedia objects at the presentation platform. Synchronization of the composite media objects is achieved by ensuring that all of the media objects to be presented in the upcoming \"manageable\" period must be ready for execution. We define the manageable presentation interval and introduce the concept of presentation groups. According to the above-mentioned concept, we propose a new model called GCOCPN and an algorithm to implement this temporal synchronization scheme by scanning the time-line based temporal specifications and converting to our proposed synchronization model.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116188656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-04-20DOI: 10.1109/MMSE.1998.722949
R. Nakatsu
Various new types of telecommunications services are expected to emerge based on multimedia technologies. In this paper, the concept of hyper-communications is proposed which merges human communications in cyberspace accommodating various people from different places, times zones, and cultures, with computer-generated human-like agent communications. Technologies necessary for bringing about this new telecommunications concept are described along with several research examples at ATR Media Integration and Communications Research Laboratories.
{"title":"Creation of new communications based on multimedia technologies","authors":"R. Nakatsu","doi":"10.1109/MMSE.1998.722949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMSE.1998.722949","url":null,"abstract":"Various new types of telecommunications services are expected to emerge based on multimedia technologies. In this paper, the concept of hyper-communications is proposed which merges human communications in cyberspace accommodating various people from different places, times zones, and cultures, with computer-generated human-like agent communications. Technologies necessary for bringing about this new telecommunications concept are described along with several research examples at ATR Media Integration and Communications Research Laboratories.","PeriodicalId":181660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Multimedia Software Engineering (Cat. No.98EX222)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129643358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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