Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.112
Z. H. Abdurrahman, Y. B. Pramono, N. Suthama
This study was conducted to evaluate the meat characteristic of crossbred local chicken fed diet containing both dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. The experimental animals were 168 crossbred local chickens which were randomly divided into 6 groups of treatment (4 replications each) when they were 21-d old. A completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial pattern consisted of 2 levels of prebiotic [(0.8% (D1) and 1.2% (D2)] and 3 levels of probiotic [without probiotic (L0), 1.2 mL (L1), and 2.4 mL (L2)] was arranged in the present study. One mL probiotic (Lactobacillus sp.) was equal to 108 cfu. Results showed that the supplementation of prebiotic and probiotic significantly (P<0.05) affected breast meat color in terms of L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness). The meat fat mass and cholesterol was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by the combination of prebiotic and probiotic. The hardness of meat was not affected significantly by all treatments. The conclusion is that breast meat color could be improved, and both meat fat mass and cholesterol content could be decreased by feeding a combination of 1.2% dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and 1.2 mL probiotic Lactobacillus sp.
本试验旨在评价杂交地方鸡饲粮中菊粉和益生菌乳酸菌的肉质特性。选用168只21日龄杂交地方鸡，随机分为6组，每组4个重复。本研究采用完全随机设计，2 × 3因子模式，包括2个水平的益生元[0.8% (D1)和1.2% (D2)]和3个水平的益生菌[不含益生菌(L0)、1.2 mL (L1)和2.4 mL (L2)]。1 mL益生菌(乳杆菌sp.)相当于108 cfu。结果表明，添加益生元和益生菌显著(P<0.05)影响了胸肉颜色的L*(浅度)和b*(黄度)。益生元与益生菌组合可显著降低肉脂肪量和胆固醇(P<0.05)。各处理对肉质硬度无显著影响。综上所述，饲粮中添加1.2%大丽花块茎粉作为菊粉源，并添加1.2 mL益生菌乳杆菌，可改善胸肉颜色，降低肉脂肪量和胆固醇含量。
{"title":"Meat Characteristic of Crossbred Local Chicken Fed Inulin of Dahlia Tuber and Lactobacillus Sp.","authors":"Z. H. Abdurrahman, Y. B. Pramono, N. Suthama","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.112","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the meat characteristic of crossbred local chicken fed diet containing both dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. The experimental animals were 168 crossbred local chickens which were randomly divided into 6 groups of treatment (4 replications each) when they were 21-d old. A completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial pattern consisted of 2 levels of prebiotic [(0.8% (D1) and 1.2% (D2)] and 3 levels of probiotic [without probiotic (L0), 1.2 mL (L1), and 2.4 mL (L2)] was arranged in the present study. One mL probiotic (Lactobacillus sp.) was equal to 108 cfu. Results showed that the supplementation of prebiotic and probiotic significantly (P<0.05) affected breast meat color in terms of L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness). The meat fat mass and cholesterol was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by the combination of prebiotic and probiotic. The hardness of meat was not affected significantly by all treatments. The conclusion is that breast meat color could be improved, and both meat fat mass and cholesterol content could be decreased by feeding a combination of 1.2% dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and 1.2 mL probiotic Lactobacillus sp.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"22 1","pages":"112-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.119
I. Mangisah, B. Sukamto, H. I. Wahyuni, I. Estiningdriati, W. Saputro, L. Krismiyanto
Rearing Pelung chicken in Indonesia, in general, uses a ration with a high proportion of rice bran, even up to 60%. Considering the high contents of fiber, lignin, and phytic acid, feeding a high portion of rice bran will decrease nutrient digestibility. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of lime juice supplementation of a rice bran-based ration on the utilization of nutrients in male Pelung chicken. Sixty four of 12 weeks old male Pelung chickens were used in the present experiment and assigned into a completely randomized block design. The treatments were supplementation of the ration with lime juice at the levels of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mL/100 g. Parameters measured were feed and nutrients consumption, protein, fat, and fiber digestibilities, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), rate of passage, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and daily body weight gain. The results showed that the supplementation of lime juice in the ration did not affect feed and nutrient consumption, but significantly (P<0.05) increased the digestibilities of protein, fat and fiber, AME, rate of passage, FCR and daily body weight gain. However, supplementation of 2 or 3 mL lime juice in the ration resulted in similar values of AME, and protein, fat and fiber digestibilities, and both levels of supplementation produced better protein and fat digestibilities, and AME when compared to the other treatments. It could be concluded that supplementation of 3 mL lime juice in the ration increased the digestion processes in the gastrointestinal and increased daily weight gain of male Pelung chicken.
{"title":"Nutrient Digestibility and Performance of Male Pelung Chicken Fed Rice Bran-Based Ration Supplemented with Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) Juice","authors":"I. Mangisah, B. Sukamto, H. I. Wahyuni, I. Estiningdriati, W. Saputro, L. Krismiyanto","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.119","url":null,"abstract":"Rearing Pelung chicken in Indonesia, in general, uses a ration with a high proportion of rice bran, even up to 60%. Considering the high contents of fiber, lignin, and phytic acid, feeding a high portion of rice bran will decrease nutrient digestibility. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of lime juice supplementation of a rice bran-based ration on the utilization of nutrients in male Pelung chicken. Sixty four of 12 weeks old male Pelung chickens were used in the present experiment and assigned into a completely randomized block design. The treatments were supplementation of the ration with lime juice at the levels of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mL/100 g. Parameters measured were feed and nutrients consumption, protein, fat, and fiber digestibilities, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), rate of passage, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and daily body weight gain. The results showed that the supplementation of lime juice in the ration did not affect feed and nutrient consumption, but significantly (P<0.05) increased the digestibilities of protein, fat and fiber, AME, rate of passage, FCR and daily body weight gain. However, supplementation of 2 or 3 mL lime juice in the ration resulted in similar values of AME, and protein, fat and fiber digestibilities, and both levels of supplementation produced better protein and fat digestibilities, and AME when compared to the other treatments. It could be concluded that supplementation of 3 mL lime juice in the ration increased the digestion processes in the gastrointestinal and increased daily weight gain of male Pelung chicken.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"119-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.82
E. L. S. Suharto, I. I. Arief, E. Taufik
The purpose of this study was to determine the quality (physical, chemical, microbiological characteristics), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) inhibition assay of probiotic yogurt supplemented with roselle flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) during cold storage. The experiment used treatment for types of yogurt as follows: cow’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle, goat’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle, cow’s milk yogurt, and goat’s milk yogurt. The yogurt was stored in cold storage and evaluated the quality and antioxidant activity variables on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15th. The results showed that there were interaction (P<0.05) between types of yogurt and storage time on pH value and total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but no interaction effect on viscosity. The types of yogurt significantly affected (P<0.05) aw, total titrable acid (TTA), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Cow’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle and goat’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle were the best yogurt that contributed to a good quality and high antioxidant activity up to 15 d at cold storage.
{"title":"Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Yogurt Supplemented with Roselle during Cold Storage","authors":"E. L. S. Suharto, I. I. Arief, E. Taufik","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.82","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the quality (physical, chemical, microbiological characteristics), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) inhibition assay of probiotic yogurt supplemented with roselle flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) during cold storage. The experiment used treatment for types of yogurt as follows: cow’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle, goat’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle, cow’s milk yogurt, and goat’s milk yogurt. The yogurt was stored in cold storage and evaluated the quality and antioxidant activity variables on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15th. The results showed that there were interaction (P<0.05) between types of yogurt and storage time on pH value and total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but no interaction effect on viscosity. The types of yogurt significantly affected (P<0.05) aw, total titrable acid (TTA), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Cow’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle and goat’s milk probiotic yogurt + roselle were the best yogurt that contributed to a good quality and high antioxidant activity up to 15 d at cold storage.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"82-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.104
Noraimah binti Sulaiman, I. I. Arief, C. Budiman
Probiotic is a group of microorganism, mainly from lactic acid bacteria (LAB), widely used to increase functionality of various foodstuffs, including lamb which was limited by its goaty odor and short life issue. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristic of lamb sausages fermented by either Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-2C12 or L. acidophilus IIA-2B4 isolated from local cattle in Indonesia, and stored for 21 days at low temperature (4oC). Fermented lamb sausages were made with the addition of L. plantarum IIA-2C12 and L. acidophilus IIA-2B4 with three replications. The result showed that pH value, protein, and cholesterol contents of the sausages with addition of L. acidophilus IIA-2B4 were higher (P<0.05) than that of L. plantarum IIA-2C12. Meanwhile, the sausage fermented with L. plantarum IIA-2C12 had higher titratable acid (TA) value, texture, and the content of fat, carbohydrate, tyrosine, lysine, myristoleic (C14:1), pentadecanoic (C15:0), heneicosanoic (C21:0) and cis-11-eicosatrienoic (C20:1) as compared to that of L. acidophilus 2C12-2B4. Final population of LAB in the sausage fermented by L. plantarum IIA-2C12 was also higher than that of L. acidophilus IIA-2B4, yet both can be categorized as a probiotic. The differences between characteristics of the physicochemical traits and microbiological quality of the sausage fermentation associated with the addition of L. plantarum IIA-2C12 or L. acidophilus IIA-2B4. The 21 days of storage at cold temperatures with probiotics addition could extend shelf life and maintain quality of fermented sausage.
{"title":"Characteristic of Lamb Sausages Fermented by Indonesian Meat-Derived Probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-2C12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus IIA-2B4","authors":"Noraimah binti Sulaiman, I. I. Arief, C. Budiman","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.104","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotic is a group of microorganism, mainly from lactic acid bacteria (LAB), widely used to increase functionality of various foodstuffs, including lamb which was limited by its goaty odor and short life issue. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristic of lamb sausages fermented by either Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-2C12 or L. acidophilus IIA-2B4 isolated from local cattle in Indonesia, and stored for 21 days at low temperature (4oC). Fermented lamb sausages were made with the addition of L. plantarum IIA-2C12 and L. acidophilus IIA-2B4 with three replications. The result showed that pH value, protein, and cholesterol contents of the sausages with addition of L. acidophilus IIA-2B4 were higher (P<0.05) than that of L. plantarum IIA-2C12. Meanwhile, the sausage fermented with L. plantarum IIA-2C12 had higher titratable acid (TA) value, texture, and the content of fat, carbohydrate, tyrosine, lysine, myristoleic (C14:1), pentadecanoic (C15:0), heneicosanoic (C21:0) and cis-11-eicosatrienoic (C20:1) as compared to that of L. acidophilus 2C12-2B4. Final population of LAB in the sausage fermented by L. plantarum IIA-2C12 was also higher than that of L. acidophilus IIA-2B4, yet both can be categorized as a probiotic. The differences between characteristics of the physicochemical traits and microbiological quality of the sausage fermentation associated with the addition of L. plantarum IIA-2C12 or L. acidophilus IIA-2B4. The 21 days of storage at cold temperatures with probiotics addition could extend shelf life and maintain quality of fermented sausage.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"104-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.95
H. Khasanah, A. Gunawan, R. Priyanto, M. F. Ulum, J. Jakaria
Myostatin (MSTN) gene plays a key role in skletal muscle homeostasis such as inducing muscle athrophy, poliferation of myoblast, increasing ubiquitin-proteasomal, downregulating IGF pathway, and glucolysis. Myostatin gene expression is controled by CpG island located in promoter region. The objectives of this research were to identify polymorphism of MSTN promoter gene and to associate the polymorphism of SNP with growth and muscling traits in Bali cattle. A total of 48 Bali cattle from BPTU-HMT Bali island was screened to identify genetic polymorphisms in MSTN promoter region using sequencing method. The growth and muscling traits were measured at 12 months of age. The muscling traits were evaluated using ultrasound console with linear transducer having frequency 6.5 Hz and scaning we conducted at 130 mm in deep. Analysis of polymorphism was conducted by using PopGen 1.32 software. The association of MSTN with growth and muscling traits were analyzed by using General Linear Model (GLM) procedure. This result showed that a total of 20 polymorphic SNPs (seven SNPs in CpG island) were detected in this region. Although, only 3 SNPs (g.-8078C>T, g.-7996G>C, and g.-7930A>G) had equilibrium condition in Hardy-Weinberg analysis. The association result showed that 2 SNPs (g.-7799T>C and g.-7941C>T) were significantly associated with intramuscular fat percentage (P≤0.05) in Bali cattle. Although the 2 SNPs were nominally significant at nominal P≤0.05 threshold, they were not significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. It could be concluded that MSTN promoter gene was polymorphic in Bali cattle and there were 2 SNPs associated with carcass quality.
肌生长抑制素(Myostatin, MSTN)基因在骨骼肌稳态中起关键作用，如诱导肌肉萎缩、成肌细胞增殖、泛素-蛋白酶体升高、IGF通路下调、糖水解等。肌生长抑制素基因的表达受位于启动子区的CpG岛控制。本研究的目的是鉴定巴厘牛MSTN启动子基因多态性，并将SNP多态性与生长和肌肉性状联系起来。采用测序方法对来自巴厘岛BPTU-HMT的48头巴厘牛进行MSTN启动子区遗传多态性的筛选。12月龄时测定生长和肌肉性状。使用频率为6.5 Hz的线性换能器的超声控制台评估肌肉特征，我们在130 mm深度进行扫描。采用PopGen 1.32软件进行多态性分析。采用一般线性模型(GLM)分析了MSTN与生长和肌肉性状的关系。结果表明，该区域共检测到20个多态性snp (CpG岛7个)。但在Hardy-Weinberg分析中，只有3个snp (G .- 8078c >T, G .- 7996g >C, G .- 7930a >G)符合平衡条件。关联结果表明，2个snp (g.-7799T>C和g.-7941C>T)与巴厘牛肌内脂肪率显著相关(P≤0.05)。虽然在名义P≤0.05的阈值下，这2个snp在名义上是显著的，但经Bonferroni多重检验校正后，它们不显著。结果表明，MSTN启动子基因在巴厘牛中存在多态性，存在2个与胴体品质相关的snp。
{"title":"Polymorphism of Myostatin (MSTN) Promoter Gene and its Association with Growth and Muscling Traits in Bali Cattle","authors":"H. Khasanah, A. Gunawan, R. Priyanto, M. F. Ulum, J. Jakaria","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.95","url":null,"abstract":"Myostatin (MSTN) gene plays a key role in skletal muscle homeostasis such as inducing muscle athrophy, poliferation of myoblast, increasing ubiquitin-proteasomal, downregulating IGF pathway, and glucolysis. Myostatin gene expression is controled by CpG island located in promoter region. The objectives of this research were to identify polymorphism of MSTN promoter gene and to associate the polymorphism of SNP with growth and muscling traits in Bali cattle. A total of 48 Bali cattle from BPTU-HMT Bali island was screened to identify genetic polymorphisms in MSTN promoter region using sequencing method. The growth and muscling traits were measured at 12 months of age. The muscling traits were evaluated using ultrasound console with linear transducer having frequency 6.5 Hz and scaning we conducted at 130 mm in deep. Analysis of polymorphism was conducted by using PopGen 1.32 software. The association of MSTN with growth and muscling traits were analyzed by using General Linear Model (GLM) procedure. This result showed that a total of 20 polymorphic SNPs (seven SNPs in CpG island) were detected in this region. Although, only 3 SNPs (g.-8078C>T, g.-7996G>C, and g.-7930A>G) had equilibrium condition in Hardy-Weinberg analysis. The association result showed that 2 SNPs (g.-7799T>C and g.-7941C>T) were significantly associated with intramuscular fat percentage (P≤0.05) in Bali cattle. Although the 2 SNPs were nominally significant at nominal P≤0.05 threshold, they were not significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. It could be concluded that MSTN promoter gene was polymorphic in Bali cattle and there were 2 SNPs associated with carcass quality.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.125
Saprilian Stya Hapsari, S. Suryahadi, H. A. Sukria
The potential availability of forage feed is high, but in reality this potential has not been able to meet the requirement of feed both in sustainable quantity and quality. Silage made with the use of liquid fermentation additive (FA) can be a solution for those problems. The use of different levels of FA and addition of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria as well as formic acid were expected to improve the nutritive quality of napier grass silage. The first experiment was designed to measure the fermentative quality of napier grass silage. The treatments used were the levels of FA, L. plantarum, and formic acid supplementations. The experiment used a completely randomized design with a 3x2x2 factorial arrangement with 3 replications. The first factor was the level of liquid FA (5%, 7.5%, and 10%), and the second factor was the inoculation of L. plantarum (without and with inoculation of the L. plantarum), and the third factor was the addition of formic acid (without and with the addition of 0.15% formic acid). The second experiment was aimed to evaluate chemical and microbiological characteristics, and in vitro digestibility of selected napier grass silage. The results showed that napier grass silage from all treatments showed good qualities. There were interactions between FA, L. plantarum, and formic acid on DM content (P<0.05) and ammonia production (P<0.01). The use of FA showed an interaction (P<0.01) with the addition of L. plantarum and formic acid in Fleigh point. Ammonia production in rumen (P<0.01), total VFA (P<0.05), and in vitro digestibility (P<0.01) were significantly affected by the treatments. The optimal level of liquid FA was 7.5%. Based on the nutritive quality of silage, L. plantarum addition was as effective as control treatment to improve nutritive quality of napier grass silage through the increased of fermentation characteristics i.e., low pH, high DM product, high fermentation product (VFA), and digestible on rumen. Formic acid reduced ammonia production during ensiling and fermentation in rumen, but it was less effective in inhibiting the fermentation process when it was combined with L. plantarum.
{"title":"Improvement on the Nutritive Quality of Napier Grass Silage Through Inoculation of Lactobacillus Plantarum and Formic Acid","authors":"Saprilian Stya Hapsari, S. Suryahadi, H. A. Sukria","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.125","url":null,"abstract":"The potential availability of forage feed is high, but in reality this potential has not been able to meet the requirement of feed both in sustainable quantity and quality. Silage made with the use of liquid fermentation additive (FA) can be a solution for those problems. The use of different levels of FA and addition of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria as well as formic acid were expected to improve the nutritive quality of napier grass silage. The first experiment was designed to measure the fermentative quality of napier grass silage. The treatments used were the levels of FA, L. plantarum, and formic acid supplementations. The experiment used a completely randomized design with a 3x2x2 factorial arrangement with 3 replications. The first factor was the level of liquid FA (5%, 7.5%, and 10%), and the second factor was the inoculation of L. plantarum (without and with inoculation of the L. plantarum), and the third factor was the addition of formic acid (without and with the addition of 0.15% formic acid). The second experiment was aimed to evaluate chemical and microbiological characteristics, and in vitro digestibility of selected napier grass silage. The results showed that napier grass silage from all treatments showed good qualities. There were interactions between FA, L. plantarum, and formic acid on DM content (P<0.05) and ammonia production (P<0.01). The use of FA showed an interaction (P<0.01) with the addition of L. plantarum and formic acid in Fleigh point. Ammonia production in rumen (P<0.01), total VFA (P<0.05), and in vitro digestibility (P<0.01) were significantly affected by the treatments. The optimal level of liquid FA was 7.5%. Based on the nutritive quality of silage, L. plantarum addition was as effective as control treatment to improve nutritive quality of napier grass silage through the increased of fermentation characteristics i.e., low pH, high DM product, high fermentation product (VFA), and digestible on rumen. Formic acid reduced ammonia production during ensiling and fermentation in rumen, but it was less effective in inhibiting the fermentation process when it was combined with L. plantarum.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"125-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.75
A. Anggraeni, T. Herawati, L. Praharani, Dwinita W. Utami, A. Argis
Conception rates of Holstein Friesian (HF) acceptors were evaluated in artificial insemination (AI) mating using three frozen semen doses of the straws per volume of 0.25 cc. Frozen semen consisted of a standard dose by 25 x 106 sperms (L.1) and two reduced doses by 20 x 106 sperms (L.2) and 15x106 sperms (L.3). This field study was conducted in dairy cattle area of Lembang NBMCU, from August 2011 to March 2012. Frozen semens were obtained from two HF national progeny tested young bulls. Conception was detected by rectal palpation, around 60-90 days after AI mating. Conception rates (CR %) were calculated as a ratio between pregnant acceptors to the total AI mated cows. Some general linear model analyzes were conducted by considering fixed variables of semen dose (3), bull (2), inseminator (6) and parity (5). The results showed that three frozen semen doses did not significantly affect (P>0.05) on CR (%). By decreasing semen dose to L.3 gave CR (%) similar to L2 even to L1. It was concluded that frozen semen doses of HF bulls at the levels of 20 million to 15 million sperms per straw per volume of 0.25 cc resulted CR (%) similar to the standard one.
{"title":"Conception Rates of Holstein-Friesian Cows Inseminated Artificially with Reducing Frozen Semen Doses","authors":"A. Anggraeni, T. Herawati, L. Praharani, Dwinita W. Utami, A. Argis","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.75","url":null,"abstract":"Conception rates of Holstein Friesian (HF) acceptors were evaluated in artificial insemination (AI) mating using three frozen semen doses of the straws per volume of 0.25 cc. Frozen semen consisted of a standard dose by 25 x 106 sperms (L.1) and two reduced doses by 20 x 106 sperms (L.2) and 15x106 sperms (L.3). This field study was conducted in dairy cattle area of Lembang NBMCU, from August 2011 to March 2012. Frozen semens were obtained from two HF national progeny tested young bulls. Conception was detected by rectal palpation, around 60-90 days after AI mating. Conception rates (CR %) were calculated as a ratio between pregnant acceptors to the total AI mated cows. Some general linear model analyzes were conducted by considering fixed variables of semen dose (3), bull (2), inseminator (6) and parity (5). The results showed that three frozen semen doses did not significantly affect (P>0.05) on CR (%). By decreasing semen dose to L.3 gave CR (%) similar to L2 even to L1. It was concluded that frozen semen doses of HF bulls at the levels of 20 million to 15 million sperms per straw per volume of 0.25 cc resulted CR (%) similar to the standard one.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.90
S. Ningrum, Retno D. Soejoedono, H. Latif, W. Arnafia, I. Wibawan
This study was conducted to investigate the presence of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and the possibility of carrying rfbE gene and H7 flagellar on meat, liver, and stool samples collected from Jakarta Province of Indonesia. A total of 51 samples collected from meat, liver, and stool of slaughtered cattle from qurban festival were tested using conventional culture and multiplex PCR methods. STEC non O157 were detected in meat (5.3%) and stool (8.3%) with one isolate from stool carried H7 flagellar. However, all isolates were lacking of rfbE gene. In antimicrobial susceptibility tests, the STEC isolates showed antibiotic resistance to erythromycin and oxacillin. Overall, the result shows that meat and liver of this origin activity represents a potential risk to human health.
{"title":"Prevalence and Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Slaughtered Qurban Animal in Jakarta Province","authors":"S. Ningrum, Retno D. Soejoedono, H. Latif, W. Arnafia, I. Wibawan","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.90","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the presence of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and the possibility of carrying rfbE gene and H7 flagellar on meat, liver, and stool samples collected from Jakarta Province of Indonesia. A total of 51 samples collected from meat, liver, and stool of slaughtered cattle from qurban festival were tested using conventional culture and multiplex PCR methods. STEC non O157 were detected in meat (5.3%) and stool (8.3%) with one isolate from stool carried H7 flagellar. However, all isolates were lacking of rfbE gene. In antimicrobial susceptibility tests, the STEC isolates showed antibiotic resistance to erythromycin and oxacillin. Overall, the result shows that meat and liver of this origin activity represents a potential risk to human health.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"1 1","pages":"90-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.67
H. Kusumaningrum, L. Handayani, R. Nofrianti
The choice of primer used in 16S rRNA sequencing for identification of Staphylococcus species found in food is important. This study aimed to characterize Staphylococcus aureus isolates by partial sequencing based on 16S rRNA gene employing primers 16sF, 63F or 1387R. The isolates were isolated from milk, egg dishes and chicken dishes and selected based on the presence of sea gene that responsible for formation of enterotoxin-A. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates towards six antibiotics was also tested. The use of 16sF resulted generally in higher identity percentage and query coverage compared to the sequencing by 63F or 1387R. BLAST results of all isolates, sequenced by 16sF, showed 99% homology to complete genome of four S. aureus strains, with different characteristics on enterotoxin production and antibiotic resistance. Considering that all isolates were carrying sea gene, indicated by the occurence of 120 bp amplicon after PCR amplification using primer SEA1/SEA2, the isolates were most in agreeing to S. aureus subsp. aureus ST288. This study indicated that 4 out of 8 selected isolates were resistant towards streptomycin. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing using 16sF is useful for identification of S. aureus. However, additional analysis such as PCR employing specific gene target, should give a valuable supplementary information, when specific characteristic is expected.
{"title":"Partial Sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene of Selected Staphylococcus aureus Isolates and its Antibiotic Resistance","authors":"H. Kusumaningrum, L. Handayani, R. Nofrianti","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.67","url":null,"abstract":"The choice of primer used in 16S rRNA sequencing for identification of Staphylococcus species found in food is important. This study aimed to characterize Staphylococcus aureus isolates by partial sequencing based on 16S rRNA gene employing primers 16sF, 63F or 1387R. The isolates were isolated from milk, egg dishes and chicken dishes and selected based on the presence of sea gene that responsible for formation of enterotoxin-A. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates towards six antibiotics was also tested. The use of 16sF resulted generally in higher identity percentage and query coverage compared to the sequencing by 63F or 1387R. BLAST results of all isolates, sequenced by 16sF, showed 99% homology to complete genome of four S. aureus strains, with different characteristics on enterotoxin production and antibiotic resistance. Considering that all isolates were carrying sea gene, indicated by the occurence of 120 bp amplicon after PCR amplification using primer SEA1/SEA2, the isolates were most in agreeing to S. aureus subsp. aureus ST288. This study indicated that 4 out of 8 selected isolates were resistant towards streptomycin. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing using 16sF is useful for identification of S. aureus. However, additional analysis such as PCR employing specific gene target, should give a valuable supplementary information, when specific characteristic is expected.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-29DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.134
A. Jayanegara, S. P. Dewi, N. Laylli, E. B. Laconi, N. Nahrowi, M. Ridla
This study was aimed to analyze neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP) and acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP) contents of various commonly used forage and concentrate feedstuffs in Indonesia. A number of forages and concentrates, i.e. gliricidia, trichantera, indigofera, calliandra, papaya leaves, cassava leaves, leucaena, rapeseed meal, corn gluten feed, soybean meal, copra meal, palm kernel meal, fish and bone meal and wheat bran were subjected to proximate analysis, cell wall nitrogen determination and in vitro rumen fermentation evaluation. Chemical composition analysis was done in duplicate. The in vitro incubation was conducted in 14 treatments and 3 replicates by following a randomized complete block design. Variables measured after the incubation were total volatile fatty acid (VFA), ammonia, dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and crude protein digestibility (CPD). Results revealed that among the forages, cassava leaf had the highest proportion of NDICP while corn gluten feed was the highest among the concentrates. Different from that of NDICP, the highest proportion of ADICP was obtained in papaya leaf and copra meal for the forages and concentrates, respectively. Higher proportion of NDICP tended to decrease CPD (P<0.1). Although higher ADICP apparently tended to decrease CPD as well, the relationship was insignificant due to the higher variation of the dependent variable. It was concluded that cell wall protein proportion in feed may be used as an indicator to determine the quality of protein and its utilization in the rumen.
{"title":"Determination of Cell Wall Protein from Selected Feedstuffs and its Relationship with Ruminal Protein Digestibility in Vitro","authors":"A. Jayanegara, S. P. Dewi, N. Laylli, E. B. Laconi, N. Nahrowi, M. Ridla","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.2.134","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to analyze neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP) and acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP) contents of various commonly used forage and concentrate feedstuffs in Indonesia. A number of forages and concentrates, i.e. gliricidia, trichantera, indigofera, calliandra, papaya leaves, cassava leaves, leucaena, rapeseed meal, corn gluten feed, soybean meal, copra meal, palm kernel meal, fish and bone meal and wheat bran were subjected to proximate analysis, cell wall nitrogen determination and in vitro rumen fermentation evaluation. Chemical composition analysis was done in duplicate. The in vitro incubation was conducted in 14 treatments and 3 replicates by following a randomized complete block design. Variables measured after the incubation were total volatile fatty acid (VFA), ammonia, dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and crude protein digestibility (CPD). Results revealed that among the forages, cassava leaf had the highest proportion of NDICP while corn gluten feed was the highest among the concentrates. Different from that of NDICP, the highest proportion of ADICP was obtained in papaya leaf and copra meal for the forages and concentrates, respectively. Higher proportion of NDICP tended to decrease CPD (P<0.1). Although higher ADICP apparently tended to decrease CPD as well, the relationship was insignificant due to the higher variation of the dependent variable. It was concluded that cell wall protein proportion in feed may be used as an indicator to determine the quality of protein and its utilization in the rumen.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"134-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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