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Diagnostic Roles of α-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase (AMACR) Immunohistochemistry in Gastric Dysplasia and Adenocarcinoma 胃发育不良和腺癌中 α-甲基乙酰-CoA配糖酶 (AMACR) 免疫组化的诊断作用
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091475
Jung-Soo Pyo, Kyeung-Whan Min, Ji-Eun Choi, Dong-Wook Kang
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the diagnostic role of α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) immunohistochemistry in gastric dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry for AMACR was performed on 39 gastric dysplasia and 40 gastric adenocarcinoma cases. The expression patterns of AMACR were investigated and divided into luminal and cytoplasmic expression patterns in the gastric lesions. In addition, correlations between AMACR expression and patient age, sex, and tumor size were evaluated. Results: AMACR was expressed in 26 of 39 cases of gastric dysplasia (66.7%) and 17 of 40 cases of gastric adenocarcinomas (42.5%). The AMACR expression rates in high- and low-grade dysplasia were 80.0% and 52.6%, respectively. A detailed analysis of the expression patterns revealed that the luminal expression pattern was significantly higher in low-grade dysplasia than in high-grade dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001). The cytoplasmic expression pattern, without luminal expression, was predominant in high-grade dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma. In addition, the rates of loss of expression in the overall area were 15.1 ± 23.9%, 49.0 ± 29.9%, and 59.0 ± 32.2% in low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, and gastric adenocarcinoma, respectively. The negative rate of low-grade dysplasia was significantly lower than that of high-grade dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: AMACR is a useful diagnostic marker for differentiating low-grade dysplasia from high-grade dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma. Luminal or cytoplasmic expression patterns and the extent of loss of expression are important for differentiation.
背景和目的:本研究旨在阐明α-甲基酰-CoA外消旋酶(AMACR)免疫组化在胃发育不良和腺癌中的诊断作用。材料与方法:对 39 例胃发育不良和 40 例胃腺癌病例进行 AMACR 免疫组化。研究了 AMACR 在胃病变中的表达模式,并将其分为管腔表达模式和细胞质表达模式。此外,还评估了AMACR表达与患者年龄、性别和肿瘤大小之间的相关性。结果39 例胃发育不良病例中有 26 例(66.7%)、40 例胃腺癌中有 17 例(42.5%)表达 AMACR。AMACR在高级别和低级别发育不良中的表达率分别为80.0%和52.6%。对表达模式的详细分析显示,低级别发育不良的管腔表达模式明显高于高级别发育不良和胃腺癌(p < 0.001)。在高级别发育不良和胃腺癌中,细胞质表达模式占主导地位,但无管腔表达。此外,在低度发育不良、高级别发育不良和胃腺癌中,整体区域的表达缺失率分别为(15.1 ± 23.9%)、(49.0 ± 29.9%)和(59.0 ± 32.2%)。低度发育不良的阴性率明显低于高级别发育不良和胃腺癌(分别为 p < 0.001 和 p < 0.001)。结论AMACR是区分低度发育不良与高级别发育不良和胃腺癌的有效诊断标志物。腔内或胞质表达模式以及表达缺失的程度对鉴别很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the Proteomic Landscape of Menopause: A Review 更年期蛋白质组导航:综述
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091473
Basant E. Katamesh, Pragyat Futela, Ann Vincent, Bright Thilagar, Mary Whipple, Abdul Rhman Hassan, Mohamed Abuelazm, Sanjeev Nanda, Christopher Anstine, Abhinav Singla
Background and Objectives: Proteomics encompasses the exploration of protein composition, regulation, function, and pathways. Its influence spans diverse clinical fields and holds promise in addressing various women’s health conditions, including cancers, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disorders. However, no comprehensive summary of proteomics and menopausal health exists. Our objective was to summarize proteomic profiles associated with diseases and disorders in peri- and postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, the Cochrane database, Elsevier, and ScienceDirect until 2022. A total of 253 studies were identified, and 41 studies met the inclusion criteria to identify data of interest. These included the study design, disease, and proteomics/proteins of significance, as described by the authors. Results: The 41 studies covered diverse areas, including bone disorders (10 studies), cardiovascular diseases (5 studies), oncological malignancies (10 studies), and various conditions, such as obesity, nonalcoholic liver disease, the effects of hormone replacement therapy, and neurological diseases (16 studies). The results of our study indicate that proteomic profiles correlate with heart disease in peri- and postmenopausal women, with distinct sex differences. Furthermore, proteomic profiles significantly differ between women with and without osteoporosis. Additionally, patients with breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer exhibit notable variations in proteomic profiles compared to those without these conditions. Conclusions: Proteomics has the potential to enhance risk assessment and disease monitoring in peri- and postmenopausal women. By analyzing unique protein profiles, clinicians can identify individuals with heightened susceptibility to specific diseases or those already affected by established conditions. This review suggests that there is sufficient preliminary data related to proteomics in peri- and postmenopausal women for early identification of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and cancers, disease monitoring, and tailoring individualized therapies. Rigorous validation studies involving large populations are essential before drawing definitive conclusions regarding the clinical applicability of proteomic findings.
背景与目标:蛋白质组学包括对蛋白质组成、调节、功能和途径的研究。它的影响横跨多个临床领域,有望解决各种女性健康问题,包括癌症、骨质疏松症和心血管疾病。然而,目前还没有关于蛋白质组学与更年期健康的全面总结。我们的目的是总结与围绝经期和绝经后妇女疾病和失调相关的蛋白质组学特征。材料和方法:我们对数据库进行了全面检索,包括 PubMed、Google Scholar、Cochrane 数据库、Elsevier 和 ScienceDirect,直至 2022 年。共发现 253 项研究,其中 41 项研究符合纳入标准,以确定相关数据。这些标准包括研究设计、疾病和蛋白质组学/重要蛋白质,如作者所述。结果:这 41 项研究涉及多个领域,包括骨骼疾病(10 项研究)、心血管疾病(5 项研究)、肿瘤恶性肿瘤(10 项研究)以及各种疾病,如肥胖症、非酒精性肝病、激素替代疗法的影响和神经系统疾病(16 项研究)。我们的研究结果表明,围绝经期和绝经后妇女的蛋白质组特征与心脏病相关,并存在明显的性别差异。此外,患有骨质疏松症和未患有骨质疏松症的妇女的蛋白质组特征也有显著差异。此外,乳腺癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌患者的蛋白质组特征与无这些疾病的患者相比也有明显差异。结论蛋白质组学有可能加强围绝经期和绝经后妇女的风险评估和疾病监测。通过分析独特的蛋白质图谱,临床医生可以确定哪些人对特定疾病的易感性更高,哪些人已经受到既定疾病的影响。本综述表明,围绝经期和绝经后妇女的蛋白质组学已有足够的初步数据,可用于心血管疾病、骨质疏松症和癌症的早期识别、疾病监测和定制个体化疗法。在就蛋白质组学研究结果的临床应用性得出明确结论之前,必须进行大量人群的严格验证研究。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Prevalence of Ineffective Esophageal Motility: Impact of Chicago v4.0 vs. v3.0 Criteria 食管运动功能障碍的患病率比较:芝加哥 v4.0 标准与 v3.0 标准的影响
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091469
Teodora Surdea-Blaga, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Cristina Maria Sabo, Radu Alexandru Fărcaş, Liliana David, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Dan Lucian Dumitrascu, Simona Grad, Daniel Corneliu Leucuta
Background and Objectives: The threshold for ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) diagnosis was changed in Chicago v4.0. Our aim was to determine IEM prevalence using the new criteria and the differences between patients with definite IEM versus “inconclusive diagnosis”. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively selected IEM and fragmented peristalsis (FP) patients from the high-resolution esophageal manometries (HREMs) database. Clinical, demographic data and manometric parameters were recorded. Results: Of 348 HREMs analyzed using Chicago v3.0, 12.3% of patients had IEM and 0.86% had FP. Using Chicago v4.0, 8.9% of patients had IEM (IEM-4 group). We compared them with the remaining 16 with an inconclusive diagnosis of IEM (borderline group). Dysphagia (77% vs. 44%, Z-test = 2.3, p = 0.02) and weight loss were more commonly observed in IEM-4 compared to the borderline group. The reflux symptoms were more prevalent in the borderline group (87.5% vs. 70.9%, p = 0.2). Type 2 or 3 esophagogastric junction morphology was more prevalent in the borderline group (81.2%) vs. 64.5% in IEM-4 (p = 0.23). Distal contractile integral (DCI) was lower in IEM-4 vs. the borderline group, and resting lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure and mean integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) were similar. The number of ineffective swallows and failed swallows was higher in IEM-4 compared to the borderline group. Conclusions: Using Chicago v4.0, less than 10% of patients had a definite diagnosis of IEM. The dominant symptom was dysphagia. Only DCI and the number of failed and inefficient swallows were different between definite IEM patients and borderline cases.
背景和目的:食管运动功能障碍(IEM)诊断的阈值在芝加哥版本 4.0 中有所改变。我们的目的是根据新标准确定 IEM 的患病率,以及明确诊断为 IEM 的患者与 "诊断不明确 "的患者之间的差异。材料和方法:我们从高分辨率食管压力计(HREMs)数据库中回顾性地选择了 IEM 和肠蠕动减弱(FP)患者。记录了临床、人口统计学数据和测压参数。结果:在使用芝加哥 v3.0 分析的 348 个 HREM 中,12.3% 的患者有 IEM,0.86% 的患者有 FP。使用芝加哥 v4.0 分析,8.9% 的患者有 IEM(IEM-4 组)。我们将他们与其余 16 名未确诊为 IEM 的患者(边缘组)进行了比较。与边缘组相比,吞咽困难(77% 对 44%,Z 检验 = 2.3,P = 0.02)和体重减轻在 IEM-4 组中更为常见。反流症状在边缘组更为普遍(87.5% 对 70.9%,P = 0.2)。2型或3型食管胃交界处形态在边缘组更常见(81.2%),而在IEM-4组为64.5%(P = 0.23)。IEM-4组的远端收缩积分(DCI)低于边缘组,静息食管下括约肌(LES)压力和平均综合松弛压力(IRP)相似。与边缘组相比,IEM-4 组的无效吞咽和失败吞咽次数较多。结论:使用 Chicago v4.0,只有不到 10% 的患者被明确诊断为 IEM。主要症状是吞咽困难。只有 DCI 以及吞咽失败和吞咽效率低下的次数在确诊的 IEM 患者和边缘病例之间存在差异。
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引用次数: 0
Potential Impacts of Prolonged Face Mask Use on Temporomandibular Joint Health as Neglected Lifestyle Repercussions of COVID-19 Pandemic—A Narrative Review 长期使用口罩对颞下颌关节健康的潜在影响--COVID-19 大流行所忽视的生活方式影响--叙述性评论
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091468
Szymon Jozef Pietrzyk, Emilia Kielczynska, Martyna Kowalczyk, Mateusz Mazurek, Zygmunt Antoni Domagala
Since December 2019, COVID-19 has rapidly spread worldwide, prompting the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare it a pandemic and advocate for the widespread use of face masks to mitigate transmission. In this review, we delve into the potential impact of prolonged face mask use on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) health, an area that has garnered limited attention amidst COVID-19 research. Research has revealed that improper mask fit and constant readjustment can lead to TMJ abnormalities. Similarly, there is a demonstrated correlation between continuous mask usage and an increased incidence of headaches, temporomandibular pain, and diminished quality of life. Many studies have highlighted discomfort in the preauricular area, headaches, TMJ noises, headache, jaw pain, and muscle fatigue, as well as dermatological disorders, which have been attributed to prolonged mask wear and its impact on TMJ health. Our study catalyzes future research endeavors, urging a deeper exploration of the implications of long-term mask wear, not only in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic but also among occupational groups regularly exposed to extended mask use. By unraveling the complexities of TMJ health in the face of evolving preventive measures, we aim to enhance our understanding of this issue and safeguard the well-being of mask-wearers worldwide.
自 2019 年 12 月以来,COVID-19 在全球迅速蔓延,促使世界卫生组织(WHO)宣布其为大流行病,并倡导广泛使用口罩以减少传播。在这篇综述中,我们将深入探讨长期使用口罩对颞下颌关节(TMJ)健康的潜在影响,在 COVID-19 研究中,这一领域受到的关注有限。研究表明,面罩佩戴不当和不断调整会导致颞下颌关节异常。同样,持续使用口罩与头痛、颞下颌疼痛和生活质量下降之间也存在明显的相关性。许多研究都强调了耳前区域不适、头痛、颞下颌关节噪音、头痛、下颌疼痛和肌肉疲劳以及皮肤病,这些都是由于长期佩戴口罩及其对颞下颌关节健康的影响造成的。我们的研究催化了未来的研究工作,促使人们更深入地探索长期佩戴口罩的影响,不仅在 COVID-19 大流行的背景下,而且在经常长时间佩戴口罩的职业群体中。面对不断发展的预防措施,通过揭示颞下颌关节健康的复杂性,我们希望加深对这一问题的理解,保障全球口罩佩戴者的健康。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Pain, Risk Factors, and Functional Ability on Physical Activity Levels in Women with Anterior Knee Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study 疼痛、风险因素和功能能力对膝关节前侧疼痛女性体育活动水平的影响:一项横断面研究
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091467
Amjad Hajaj Alharbi, Mohamed K. Seyam, Ahmad Alanazi, Ahmed Almansour, Shahnaz Hasan
Background and Objectives: Anterior knee pain (AKP) refers to chronic prepatellar pain and is one of the most common knee complaints in physically active women. This condition can significantly affect daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to assess the impact of pain, risk factors, and functional ability on different levels of physical activity (comparing low versus moderate activity) in women with AKP. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved fifty-six women diagnosed with AKP (aged 20–45 years) who were equally allocated into low and moderate physical activity groups. Their AKP and functional ability were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and double squats and step-down tests, respectively. Possible risk factors were assessed using the Q-angle, modified Thomas test, sit and reach test, and patellar glide test. A person’s correlation coefficient and independent t-tests were used to determine the relationship and the differences between these variables while keeping the confidence interval level at 95%. Result: Women with moderate activity levels showed significantly higher scores on the VAS than those with low activity levels (p = 0.040). However, both groups had no significant difference in their functional ability or potential risk factors (p > 0.05). Additionally, their functional ability (double squat) showed a positive association with hamstring flexibility (Pearson correlation coefficient [r]:0.3; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Women with AKP who were engaged in moderate physical activity experienced higher levels of pain compared to those with low activity levels. These findings underscore the urgent need for further investigation into different levels of physical activity to develop appropriate prevention and treatment strategies for women with AKP.
背景和目的:膝关节前疼痛(AKP)是指慢性髌骨前疼痛,是从事体育运动的女性最常见的膝关节不适之一。这种情况会严重影响日常活动和整体生活质量。本研究旨在评估疼痛、风险因素和功能能力对患有 AKP 的女性不同体育活动水平(低度活动与中度活动的比较)的影响。材料和方法:这项横断面研究涉及 56 名被诊断患有 AKP 的女性(20-45 岁),她们被平均分配到低度和中度体力活动组。分别使用视觉模拟量表(VAS)、双蹲和下台阶测试对她们的 AKP 和功能能力进行评估。可能的风险因素则通过 Q 角、改良托马斯试验、坐位和伸展试验以及髌骨滑行试验进行评估。采用人相关系数和独立 t 检验来确定这些变量之间的关系和差异,同时将置信区间水平保持在 95%。结果中等活动量妇女的 VAS 得分明显高于低活动量妇女(p = 0.040)。然而,两组在功能能力或潜在风险因素方面没有明显差异(P > 0.05)。此外,他们的功能能力(双蹲)与腘绳肌柔韧性呈正相关(皮尔逊相关系数 [r]:0.3;p = 0.006)。结论与活动量少的女性相比,从事中等体力活动的 AKP 女性患者的疼痛程度更高。这些发现突出表明,迫切需要进一步研究不同程度的体育锻炼,以便为患有 AKP 的妇女制定适当的预防和治疗策略。
{"title":"Influence of Pain, Risk Factors, and Functional Ability on Physical Activity Levels in Women with Anterior Knee Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Amjad Hajaj Alharbi, Mohamed K. Seyam, Ahmad Alanazi, Ahmed Almansour, Shahnaz Hasan","doi":"10.3390/medicina60091467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60091467","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Anterior knee pain (AKP) refers to chronic prepatellar pain and is one of the most common knee complaints in physically active women. This condition can significantly affect daily activities and overall quality of life. This study aims to assess the impact of pain, risk factors, and functional ability on different levels of physical activity (comparing low versus moderate activity) in women with AKP. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved fifty-six women diagnosed with AKP (aged 20–45 years) who were equally allocated into low and moderate physical activity groups. Their AKP and functional ability were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and double squats and step-down tests, respectively. Possible risk factors were assessed using the Q-angle, modified Thomas test, sit and reach test, and patellar glide test. A person’s correlation coefficient and independent t-tests were used to determine the relationship and the differences between these variables while keeping the confidence interval level at 95%. Result: Women with moderate activity levels showed significantly higher scores on the VAS than those with low activity levels (p = 0.040). However, both groups had no significant difference in their functional ability or potential risk factors (p > 0.05). Additionally, their functional ability (double squat) showed a positive association with hamstring flexibility (Pearson correlation coefficient [r]:0.3; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Women with AKP who were engaged in moderate physical activity experienced higher levels of pain compared to those with low activity levels. These findings underscore the urgent need for further investigation into different levels of physical activity to develop appropriate prevention and treatment strategies for women with AKP.","PeriodicalId":18512,"journal":{"name":"Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of Repeated Surgical Resections for Recurrent Brain Metastases in Older Population 老年人群中反复手术切除复发性脑转移瘤的作用
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091464
Maria Goldberg, Valeri Heinrich, Ghaith Altawalbeh, Chiara Negwer, Arthur Wagner, Jens Gempt, Bernhard Meyer, Amir Kaywan Aftahy
Background and Objectives: The impact of surgery for recurrent brain metastases in elderly patients has been the object of debate due to limited information in the literature. We analyzed clinical outcome and survival of elderly patients with recurrent brain metastases in order to assess potentially beneficial role of surgery. Materials and methods: In total, 219 patients with recurrent brain metastases between 2007 and 2022 were identified, of which 95 underwent re-resection; 83 patients aged 65 and older were analyzed. A survival analysis was performed, and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: The median survival time after surgery for recurrent brain metastases was 6 months (95CI 4–10) in older patients and 8 (95CI 7–9) in younger patients (p = 0.619). Out of all the older patients, 33 who underwent surgical resection showed prolonged survival compared with patients who did not receive surgical resection (median: 14, 95CI 8–19 vs. 4, 95CI 4–7, p = 0.011). All patients had preoperative Karnofsky performance scores of >70, which did not deteriorate after surgery (87.02 ± 5.76 vs. 85 ± 6.85; p = 0.055). In the univariate analysis, complete cytoreduction was a favorable prognostic factor. The tumor volume, the number of metastases, extracranial disease progression, adjuvant radiation, and systemic therapy did not affect survival in this cohort. Conclusions: Patients aged 65 and older benefit from neurosurgical resections of recurrent brain metastases. Survival did not differ from that in younger patients, which can be explained by a better preoperative functional status. Moreover, independent of the extent of resection, older patients who underwent surgery showed better survival than patients who did not receive surgical treatment. Complete cytoreduction was a favorable prognostic marker.
背景和目的:由于文献资料有限,手术治疗老年复发性脑转移瘤的影响一直是争论的焦点。我们分析了复发性脑转移瘤老年患者的临床结果和生存率,以评估手术的潜在益处。材料和方法:2007年至2022年期间,共发现219例复发性脑转移瘤患者,其中95例接受了再切除术;分析了83例65岁及以上的患者。进行了生存分析,并评估了临床结果。结果老年患者脑转移复发手术后的中位生存时间为6个月(95CI 4-10),年轻患者为8个月(95CI 7-9)(P = 0.619)。在所有老年患者中,33 名接受手术切除的患者与未接受手术切除的患者相比生存期更长(中位数:14,95CI 8-19 vs. 4,95CI 4-7,p = 0.011)。所有患者术前的 Karnofsky 评分均大于 70 分,术后评分没有恶化(87.02 ± 5.76 vs. 85 ± 6.85;P = 0.055)。在单变量分析中,完全细胞减灭术是一个有利的预后因素。肿瘤体积、转移灶数量、颅外疾病进展、辅助放疗和全身治疗均不影响患者的生存。结论是65岁及以上患者可从复发性脑转移瘤的神经外科切除术中获益。与年轻患者相比,他们的存活率并无差异,这可以用较好的术前功能状态来解释。此外,与切除范围无关,接受手术治疗的老年患者比未接受手术治疗的患者生存率更高。完全细胞减少是一个有利的预后指标。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of the Type of Breathing on the Masticatory Muscle Patterns in Children 呼吸方式对儿童咀嚼肌模式的影响
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091462
Daniela Neves-Leal, Antonia M. Caleya, Andrea Martin-Vacas, Nuria E. Gallardo-López, Carlos Gallego
Background and Objectives: The aim was to compare the activity of the masseter muscles in children with different types of breathing. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including patients aged 6–12 years with mixed dentition, who came for oral care at the Master’s Degree in Pediatric Dentistry program at the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was divided into three groups: nasal breathers without dental alterations (control group), oral breathers with dental malocclusion, and oral breathers with previous orthodontic treatment. An electromyography was performed, and statistic methods were conducted with a 95% confidence to contrast hypothesis. Results: A total of 122 children were analyzed and distributed into three groups. The electrical muscle activity of masseters was significantly different between the study groups (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Pairwise comparisons revealed a significantly higher electrical muscle activity in the control group (nasal breathers) during chewing compared to both groups of oral breathers (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). Orthodontic treatment decreased electrical muscle activity during isometric contraction in oral breathers compared to nasal breathers (p < 0.001), but did not significantly affect electrical muscle activity during chewing. Higher decompensation values were obtained in oral breathers without previous orthodontic treatment compared the other study groups (p < 0.001 for both comparisons), although electrical muscle activity values were similar in both groups of oral breathers (p > 0.05 for both comparisons). Conclusions: Differences in electrical muscle activity between nasal and oral breathers can be confirmed. Oral breathers with and without orthodontic treatment showed lower electrical muscle activity of masseters during chewing than nasal breathers, while at isometric contraction, only oral breathers with previous orthodontic treatment showed lower electrical activity. Higher decompensation values were found in oral breathers without previous orthodontic treatment, in comparison to the control group and oral breathers with previous orthodontic treatment.
背景和目的:目的是比较不同呼吸方式儿童的颌下肌活动情况。材料与方法:根据纳入和排除标准,对马德里康普斯顿大学(UCM)儿童牙科硕士课程中前来接受口腔护理的 6-12 岁混合牙患者进行了横断面研究。样本被分为三组:无牙齿改变的鼻呼吸者(对照组)、牙齿畸形的口呼吸者和曾接受过正畸治疗的口呼吸者。研究人员进行了肌电图检查,并采用置信度为 95% 的统计方法来对比假设。结果:共对 122 名儿童进行了分析,并将其分为三组。研究组之间的颌间肌肌电活动有显著差异(所有比较中的 P < 0.001)。配对比较显示,与两组口腔呼吸者相比,对照组(鼻腔呼吸者)咀嚼时的肌肉电活动明显较高(两组比较的结果均为 p <0.001)。与鼻腔呼吸者相比,正畸治疗降低了口腔呼吸者等长收缩时的肌肉电活动(p < 0.001),但对咀嚼时的肌肉电活动没有显著影响。与其他研究组相比,未接受过正畸治疗的口腔呼吸者的失代偿值更高(两组比较,P < 0.001),尽管两组口腔呼吸者的肌肉电活动值相似(两组比较,P > 0.05)。结论鼻腔呼吸者和口腔呼吸者的肌电活动差异可以得到证实。与鼻腔呼吸者相比,接受过或未接受过正畸治疗的口腔呼吸者在咀嚼时的肌肉电活动较低,而在等长收缩时,只有接受过正畸治疗的口腔呼吸者的肌肉电活动较低。与对照组和曾接受过正畸治疗的口腔呼吸者相比,未接受过正畸治疗的口腔呼吸者的失代偿值更高。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in the Success and Characteristics of Tobacco Dependence Treatment before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Clinical Sample Comparisons COVID-19 大流行之前和期间烟草依赖治疗的成功率和特征的变化:临床样本比较
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091459
Lenka Stepankova, Kamila Zvolska, Alexandra Pankova, Jakub Rafl, Gleb Donin, Ales Tichopad, Eva Kralikova
Background and Objectives: There is little information on changes in the process and outcomes of intensive tobacco dependence treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The following characteristics were evaluated: interest in treatment, the number of face-to-face or telephone follow-ups, the duration of pharmacotherapy use, and the success rate. The aim of our study was to compare the number of patients who entered tobacco dependence treatment programmes and evaluate the one-year success rate in patients three years before and three years after the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A single-site retrospective cohort study using data from patients treated at the Centre for Tobacco Dependence in Prague, Czech Republic, between 2017 and 2022 (n = 2039) was performed. The one-year abstinence rate was validated by measuring carbon monoxide in exhaled air (6 ppm cut-off). Patients were divided into two groups: the group for which treatment was initiated in 2017–2019 (i.e., before the COVID-19 pandemic, BC; n= 1221) and the group for which treatment was initiated in 2020–2022 (i.e., during the COVID-19 pandemic, DC; n = 818). Results: No significant differences in the success rate of tobacco dependence treatment were found between the two groups (BC group, 40.5% (494/1221) vs. DC group, 42.2% (345/818)) (χ2 (1, N = 2.039) = 0.6, p = 0.440). Furthermore, differences were not found in sex, education level, age at first cigarette, the duration of pharmacotherapy use, or the number of in-person visits. In contrast, there was an increase in the number of telephone contacts between the groups (18.7% (SD = 17.5%) vs. 32.9% (SD = 18.2%), p < 0.001). Conclusions: The number of patients who started treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic decreased by one-third compared to that during the 3-year period before the pandemic. The overall treatment success rate did not change significantly even with the increase in the number of telephone visits with the therapist.
背景和目标:有关 COVID-19 大流行期间烟草依赖强化治疗过程和结果变化的信息很少。我们对以下特征进行了评估:对治疗的兴趣、面对面或电话随访的次数、药物治疗的持续时间以及成功率。我们研究的目的是比较 COVID-19 大流行前三年和后三年进入烟草依赖治疗计划的患者人数,并评估患者一年的成功率。材料和方法:利用2017年至2022年期间在捷克共和国布拉格烟草依赖中心接受治疗的患者数据(n = 2039)进行了一项单点回顾性队列研究。通过测量呼出空气中的一氧化碳(6 ppm临界值)验证了一年戒烟率。患者被分为两组:2017-2019 年开始治疗的一组(即 COVID-19 大流行之前,BC;n= 1221)和 2020-2022 年开始治疗的一组(即 COVID-19 大流行期间,DC;n= 818)。结果两组烟草依赖治疗成功率无明显差异(BC 组,40.5%(494/1221);DC 组,42.2%(345/818))(χ2(1,N = 2.039)= 0.6,P = 0.440)。此外,在性别、教育程度、首次吸烟年龄、使用药物治疗的持续时间或亲自就诊次数方面也未发现差异。相反,两组之间的电话联系次数有所增加(18.7% (SD = 17.5%) vs. 32.9% (SD = 18.2%),p < 0.001)。结论在 COVID-19 大流行期间开始治疗的患者人数比大流行前的 3 年间减少了三分之一。即使与治疗师的电话访问次数增加,总体治疗成功率也没有显著变化。
{"title":"Changes in the Success and Characteristics of Tobacco Dependence Treatment before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Clinical Sample Comparisons","authors":"Lenka Stepankova, Kamila Zvolska, Alexandra Pankova, Jakub Rafl, Gleb Donin, Ales Tichopad, Eva Kralikova","doi":"10.3390/medicina60091459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60091459","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: There is little information on changes in the process and outcomes of intensive tobacco dependence treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The following characteristics were evaluated: interest in treatment, the number of face-to-face or telephone follow-ups, the duration of pharmacotherapy use, and the success rate. The aim of our study was to compare the number of patients who entered tobacco dependence treatment programmes and evaluate the one-year success rate in patients three years before and three years after the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A single-site retrospective cohort study using data from patients treated at the Centre for Tobacco Dependence in Prague, Czech Republic, between 2017 and 2022 (n = 2039) was performed. The one-year abstinence rate was validated by measuring carbon monoxide in exhaled air (6 ppm cut-off). Patients were divided into two groups: the group for which treatment was initiated in 2017–2019 (i.e., before the COVID-19 pandemic, BC; n= 1221) and the group for which treatment was initiated in 2020–2022 (i.e., during the COVID-19 pandemic, DC; n = 818). Results: No significant differences in the success rate of tobacco dependence treatment were found between the two groups (BC group, 40.5% (494/1221) vs. DC group, 42.2% (345/818)) (χ2 (1, N = 2.039) = 0.6, p = 0.440). Furthermore, differences were not found in sex, education level, age at first cigarette, the duration of pharmacotherapy use, or the number of in-person visits. In contrast, there was an increase in the number of telephone contacts between the groups (18.7% (SD = 17.5%) vs. 32.9% (SD = 18.2%), p < 0.001). Conclusions: The number of patients who started treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic decreased by one-third compared to that during the 3-year period before the pandemic. The overall treatment success rate did not change significantly even with the increase in the number of telephone visits with the therapist.","PeriodicalId":18512,"journal":{"name":"Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Framework Material and Abutment Configuration on Fatigue Performance in Dental Implant Systems: A Finite Element Analysis 骨架材料和基台配置对种植牙系统疲劳性能的影响:有限元分析
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091463
Meryem Erdoğdu, Mehmet Gökberkkaan Demirel, Reza Mohammadi, Neslihan Güntekin, Masoud Ghanbarzadeh Chaleshtori
Background and Objectives: This study uses finite element analysis to evaluate the impact of abutment angulation, types, and framework materials on the stress distribution and fatigue performance of dental implant systems. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional models of maxillary three-unit fixed implant-supported prostheses were analyzed. Abutments with different angles and types were used. Two different framework materials were used. Conducted on implants, a force of 150 N was applied obliquely, directed from the palatal to the buccal aspect, at a specific angle of 30 degrees. The distribution of stress and fatigue performance were then assessed, considering the types of restoration frameworks used and the angles of the abutments in three distinct locations. The simulation aspect of the research was carried out utilizing Abaqus Software (ABAQUS 2020, Dassault Systems Simulation Corp., Johnston, RT, USA). Results: In all models, fatigue strengths in the premolar region were higher than in the molar region. Maximum stress levels were seen in models with angled implants. In almost all models with the zirconia framework, fatigue performance was slightly lower. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, it was concluded that the use of metal-framework multi-unit restorations with minimum angulation has significant positive effects on the biomechanics and long-term success of implant treatments.
背景和目的:本研究使用有限元分析评估基台角度、类型和框架材料对种植牙系统应力分布和疲劳性能的影响。材料与方法:对上颌三单元固定种植体支持修复体的三维模型进行分析。使用了不同角度和类型的基台。使用了两种不同的框架材料。在种植体上斜向施加 150 牛顿的力,从腭侧到颊侧,特定角度为 30 度。然后,考虑到所使用的修复框架类型和基台在三个不同位置的角度,对应力分布和疲劳性能进行了评估。研究的模拟方面采用了 Abaqus 软件(ABAQUS 2020,达索系统仿真公司,美国 RT 州约翰斯顿市)。研究结果在所有模型中,前磨牙区域的疲劳强度均高于磨牙区域。最大应力水平出现在带角度种植体的模型中。在几乎所有使用氧化锆框架的模型中,疲劳强度都略低。结论:根据这项研究的结果,可以得出结论:使用最小角度的金属框架多单位修复体对生物力学和种植治疗的长期成功有显著的积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Current Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Superficial Venous Thrombosis 目前浅静脉血栓的诊断和治疗难题
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091466
Ana-Maria Balahura, Adrian-Gabriel Florescu, Teodora-Maria Barboi, Emma Weiss, Daniela Miricescu, Ciprian Jurcuț, Mariana Jinga, Silviu Stanciu
Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) is a fairly common disorder, characterized by the formation of thrombi inside superficial veins, with or without an associated inflammatory reaction. Its evolution is frequently self-limited. However, serious complications may change this clinical course with extension to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). SVT shares similar risk factors with DVT and is frequently associated with the presence of varicose veins. However, the occurrence of non-varicose veins could conceal risk factors such as malignancies, thrombophilia, or Buerger’s disease. While the clinical diagnosis is generally straightforward, additional diagnostic evaluations are often necessary. Duplex ultrasound (DUS) is an invaluable tool that provides the location of SVT, the proximity to the sapheno–femoral junction, and the clot length, all of which influence the decision for optimal management. The treatment of SVT should be symptomatic, pathogenic (limiting the extension of thrombosis), and prognostic (to prevent complications). There are several guidelines that provide recommendations, and despite the need for more consensus and for further studies, the treatment of SVT should be mainly medical, including anticoagulation in specific clinical situations and symptom relief, with invasive treatment in a minority of cases. Initiation, intensity, and length of anticoagulant treatment should be based on the eventual risk of progression to DVT or PE, which can be high, intermediate, or low, based on the location of SVT and the clot length. Our review summarizes the evaluation and proper management of SVT and highlights the importance of a shared decision within the heart team regarding this condition in order to prevent further complications.
浅静脉血栓(SVT)是一种相当常见的疾病,其特点是在浅静脉内形成血栓,伴有或不伴有炎症反应。它的发展通常是自限性的。然而,严重的并发症可能会改变这一临床过程,并扩展为深静脉血栓(DVT)和肺栓塞(PE)。SVT 与 DVT 有相似的危险因素,并且经常与静脉曲张有关。然而,非静脉曲张的发生可能隐藏着一些危险因素,如恶性肿瘤、血栓性疾病或比尔格氏病。虽然临床诊断通常比较简单,但往往还需要额外的诊断评估。双反射超声(DUS)是一种非常有价值的工具,它可以提供 SVT 的位置、与隐股-股交界处的距离以及血栓的长度,所有这些都会影响最佳治疗的决定。SVT 的治疗应针对症状、病因(限制血栓的扩展)和预后(预防并发症)。尽管需要达成更多共识和开展进一步研究,但 SVT 的治疗应以药物治疗为主,包括在特定临床情况下进行抗凝治疗和缓解症状,在少数情况下进行侵入性治疗。抗凝治疗的开始、强度和持续时间应基于最终发展为深静脉血栓或 PE 的风险,根据 SVT 的位置和血栓长度,这种风险可能是高、中或低。我们的综述总结了 SVT 的评估和正确处理方法,并强调了心脏团队内部共同决策的重要性,以防止进一步并发症的发生。
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引用次数: 0
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Medicina
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