Pub Date : 2018-01-30DOI: 10.15406/mojpb.2018.07.00207
J. González, Elainie Lendebol, A. Shen, M. Philipp, Cristina C. Clement
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a worldwide health concern. The world health organization in its 2017 tuberculosis report states, “TB is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause from a single infectious agent, ranking above HIV/AIDS” [1-3]. The failure to control TB is due to the emergence of Mtb strains that are resistant to first line beta lactam antibiotics, because of overuse. One of the most effective resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antibiotics involves the production of β-lactamases which cleave the amide bond in the target β-lactam ring hydrolyzing the drug before it reaches its target. The beta-lactamases are classified into four classes: A, B, C and D. These classes are based on conserved and distinguishing amino acid motifs [1-3]. Classes A, C, and D include enzymes that hydrolyze their substrates by forming an acyl enzyme through an active site serine. Class B β-lactamases are metalloenzymes that utilize at least one active-site zinc ion to facilitate β-lactam hydrolysis. One of the most efficient and prevalent mechanisms of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics is the production of β-lactamases in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria that hydrolyze the drugs before they can reach their target and exert the desired effect. These resistance mechanisms are important, and each bacterium can create a combination of defenses depending on the selective pressures placed on it [1-4]. The intrinsic resistance to β-lactam antibiotics was demonstrated to be mainly due to the presence of a chromosomally-encoded gene (blaC) in M. tuberculosis for a Class A, Ambler β-lactamase (BlaC). The BlaC enzyme has already been validated as one of the leading targets of tuberculosis therapy. This enzyme is extremely active against Volume 7 Issue 1 2018
{"title":"In silico-mediated virtual screening and molecular docking platforms for discovery of non β-lactam inhibitors of y-49 β-lactamase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"J. González, Elainie Lendebol, A. Shen, M. Philipp, Cristina C. Clement","doi":"10.15406/mojpb.2018.07.00207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojpb.2018.07.00207","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a worldwide health concern. The world health organization in its 2017 tuberculosis report states, “TB is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause from a single infectious agent, ranking above HIV/AIDS” [1-3]. The failure to control TB is due to the emergence of Mtb strains that are resistant to first line beta lactam antibiotics, because of overuse. One of the most effective resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antibiotics involves the production of β-lactamases which cleave the amide bond in the target β-lactam ring hydrolyzing the drug before it reaches its target. The beta-lactamases are classified into four classes: A, B, C and D. These classes are based on conserved and distinguishing amino acid motifs [1-3]. Classes A, C, and D include enzymes that hydrolyze their substrates by forming an acyl enzyme through an active site serine. Class B β-lactamases are metalloenzymes that utilize at least one active-site zinc ion to facilitate β-lactam hydrolysis. One of the most efficient and prevalent mechanisms of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics is the production of β-lactamases in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria that hydrolyze the drugs before they can reach their target and exert the desired effect. These resistance mechanisms are important, and each bacterium can create a combination of defenses depending on the selective pressures placed on it [1-4]. The intrinsic resistance to β-lactam antibiotics was demonstrated to be mainly due to the presence of a chromosomally-encoded gene (blaC) in M. tuberculosis for a Class A, Ambler β-lactamase (BlaC). The BlaC enzyme has already been validated as one of the leading targets of tuberculosis therapy. This enzyme is extremely active against Volume 7 Issue 1 2018","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86274991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-19DOI: 10.15406/MOJPB.2018.07.00205
Nazmin Sultana Runa, Asmaul Husna, S. Yesmin, Nurjahan Yasmin Runa, A. Badruzzaman, Md Mahfujur Rahman, F. Hossain, Md Masudur, Rahman, A. Bari
Ebola virus (EBOV) derived its name from the Ebola River in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) (formerly Zaire) where the first Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak was observed in 1976 [1]. EBOV is enveloped, non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA virus containing filamentous virion which belongs to the family Filoviridae. EVD is caused by filamentous EBOV associated with mortality rates between 25 and 90 % [2]. The clinical symptoms of this disease are non-specific and flu-like, such as high fever, headache and myalgia at the early stage [3]. The symptoms also included diarrhea and vomiting when the large outbreak occurs in West Africa (2014 to present) [4]. Immune cell disorders are associated at the late stage of this disease such as, diffuse intravascular coagulopathy caused by coagulation and neutrophilia disorders [5-7]. Humans may acquire the disease by close contact with biological fluids of the infected animals or patients. During the acute phase of illness, EBOV has been detected in different body fluids including breast milk, saliva, semen, stool, sweat, tears and urine [8-12]. EBOV has been isolated from urine (9 days) and from aqueous humor (9 weeks) after the virus was cleared from plasma [13].
{"title":"Ebola virus: an updated review on immunity and vaccine","authors":"Nazmin Sultana Runa, Asmaul Husna, S. Yesmin, Nurjahan Yasmin Runa, A. Badruzzaman, Md Mahfujur Rahman, F. Hossain, Md Masudur, Rahman, A. Bari","doi":"10.15406/MOJPB.2018.07.00205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJPB.2018.07.00205","url":null,"abstract":"Ebola virus (EBOV) derived its name from the Ebola River in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) (formerly Zaire) where the first Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak was observed in 1976 [1]. EBOV is enveloped, non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA virus containing filamentous virion which belongs to the family Filoviridae. EVD is caused by filamentous EBOV associated with mortality rates between 25 and 90 % [2]. The clinical symptoms of this disease are non-specific and flu-like, such as high fever, headache and myalgia at the early stage [3]. The symptoms also included diarrhea and vomiting when the large outbreak occurs in West Africa (2014 to present) [4]. Immune cell disorders are associated at the late stage of this disease such as, diffuse intravascular coagulopathy caused by coagulation and neutrophilia disorders [5-7]. Humans may acquire the disease by close contact with biological fluids of the infected animals or patients. During the acute phase of illness, EBOV has been detected in different body fluids including breast milk, saliva, semen, stool, sweat, tears and urine [8-12]. EBOV has been isolated from urine (9 days) and from aqueous humor (9 weeks) after the virus was cleared from plasma [13].","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85463617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-29DOI: 10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00204
Kadour Ghanemi, Shuangsheng Yan
Responsible research and innovation (RRI) is among the most important issues that have generated a huge debate within the political and social milieu, which became an overall case for the biggest EU Research and innovation program ever Horizon [1]. Responsible research and innovation is among the important doctrines for the sustainability of the company [2]. Ethics and the biopharmaceutical responsible innovation is a paradigm of a sector where the ethics and responsibility of health professionals is inevitably linked to public and private life. The biopharmaceutical research, development and marketing responsibilities are taken by the pharmacists, directors and managers of the biopharmaceutical company, all are a combined healthcare team which work together and have a lot of combined bio drugs innovation’s issues [3]. Now we are in age where the bio pharmacy improves with a high rapidity, a new generation of several bio drugs is discovered for improving survival rates, a lot of chronic and even fatal maladies are promised now with a new series of bio drugs to enhance the patient health [4-7]. The role of this staff (bio pharmacists, directors, and managers) is to minimize the risks and the harm of the new developed bio drugs during the clinical trials process and during the patient’s consumption of this new treatment, also to secure the efficacy of the new bio drug and guarantee that the novel discovered bio drugs can be used safely. Moreover, to facilitate its access and also to strengthen the country’s economy in order to serve the humanity interests and boosting the healthcare progress in general [8]. However, the biopharmaceutical innovation can be seen as a junction between business and health, this gives rise to a several series of ethical and responsibility issues and a dire need to make some rules, standards and principles for the bio drug innovation’s process built on rational and virtues.
{"title":"Selected concepts on ethics in biopharmaceutical innovation","authors":"Kadour Ghanemi, Shuangsheng Yan","doi":"10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00204","url":null,"abstract":"Responsible research and innovation (RRI) is among the most important issues that have generated a huge debate within the political and social milieu, which became an overall case for the biggest EU Research and innovation program ever Horizon [1]. Responsible research and innovation is among the important doctrines for the sustainability of the company [2]. Ethics and the biopharmaceutical responsible innovation is a paradigm of a sector where the ethics and responsibility of health professionals is inevitably linked to public and private life. The biopharmaceutical research, development and marketing responsibilities are taken by the pharmacists, directors and managers of the biopharmaceutical company, all are a combined healthcare team which work together and have a lot of combined bio drugs innovation’s issues [3]. Now we are in age where the bio pharmacy improves with a high rapidity, a new generation of several bio drugs is discovered for improving survival rates, a lot of chronic and even fatal maladies are promised now with a new series of bio drugs to enhance the patient health [4-7]. The role of this staff (bio pharmacists, directors, and managers) is to minimize the risks and the harm of the new developed bio drugs during the clinical trials process and during the patient’s consumption of this new treatment, also to secure the efficacy of the new bio drug and guarantee that the novel discovered bio drugs can be used safely. Moreover, to facilitate its access and also to strengthen the country’s economy in order to serve the humanity interests and boosting the healthcare progress in general [8]. However, the biopharmaceutical innovation can be seen as a junction between business and health, this gives rise to a several series of ethical and responsibility issues and a dire need to make some rules, standards and principles for the bio drug innovation’s process built on rational and virtues.","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73705448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-11DOI: 10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00203
Harishch, er An, Aram
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) in humans are considered as major issues in public health. AIDs affect almost 10% of human population [1]. AIDs in human are disorders with complexity and they develop from the interactions between polygenic risk and environmental factors [2]. Investigations of genetics in AIDs contain the potential to have an unbiased view of etiologies in common conditions to identify novel targets for therapy. In the era of pre genomics, the understanding of heritability in disease were derived based on the high prevalence rate of autoimmune disease in twins [3] or family members [4] compared with nonbiological relatives in a shared environment [5]. Apart from the recognition of risk factors influenced by genetics in autoimmune disease, there exists a challenge to identify the causal nucleotide variants and correlate their functional effects. The sequencing of human genome and rapidly emerging technologies in genomics helps us to retrieve the genetic variants that contribute to the risk factors of autoimmune disease. Understandings of genetics in human AIDs were expanded with a high rate of prevalence in the last 15 years. In this review, we analyze the biological lessons learnt from the genetic studies of AIDs in humans.
{"title":"A review on the impact of genetics and genome wide association studies in autoimmunity","authors":"Harishch, er An, Aram","doi":"10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00203","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) in humans are considered as major issues in public health. AIDs affect almost 10% of human population [1]. AIDs in human are disorders with complexity and they develop from the interactions between polygenic risk and environmental factors [2]. Investigations of genetics in AIDs contain the potential to have an unbiased view of etiologies in common conditions to identify novel targets for therapy. In the era of pre genomics, the understanding of heritability in disease were derived based on the high prevalence rate of autoimmune disease in twins [3] or family members [4] compared with nonbiological relatives in a shared environment [5]. Apart from the recognition of risk factors influenced by genetics in autoimmune disease, there exists a challenge to identify the causal nucleotide variants and correlate their functional effects. The sequencing of human genome and rapidly emerging technologies in genomics helps us to retrieve the genetic variants that contribute to the risk factors of autoimmune disease. Understandings of genetics in human AIDs were expanded with a high rate of prevalence in the last 15 years. In this review, we analyze the biological lessons learnt from the genetic studies of AIDs in humans.","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83418014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-24DOI: 10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00202
Yuan Yuan, Fanshuang Zhang, Yanying Ni, Youhe Gao
Protein has been found in urine in all relevant studies. Why are there proteins in urine? If the protein in urine acts as a nutrient, should all proteins be reabsorbed into the blood during starvation to maintain the homeostasis of the internal environment? Are they toxic? Is there any protein in urine when the animal is starved? If the protein in urine is toxic or is discarded for the regulation of body’s own cellular functions, it still must be released into the urine even when the animal is starved. Does the kidney need protein to maintain urine flow? If the protein is necessary to maintain urine flow, at least some of it should remain in the urine even after starvation. Starvation can lead to different disorders of the body. During the process of starvation, a series of energy metabolism changes leads to a decrease of body weight and changes in the body’s components and the metabolic gene expression profile [1,2]. A short duration of starvation can cause the acceleration of protein metabolism [3] and increases in nitrogen excretion, leucine flux and oxidation [4]. All of the above observations illustrate that the effect of starvation on the body may possibly reflect urinary protein changes.
{"title":"Urinary protein changes in a rat starvation model","authors":"Yuan Yuan, Fanshuang Zhang, Yanying Ni, Youhe Gao","doi":"10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00202","url":null,"abstract":"Protein has been found in urine in all relevant studies. Why are there proteins in urine? If the protein in urine acts as a nutrient, should all proteins be reabsorbed into the blood during starvation to maintain the homeostasis of the internal environment? Are they toxic? Is there any protein in urine when the animal is starved? If the protein in urine is toxic or is discarded for the regulation of body’s own cellular functions, it still must be released into the urine even when the animal is starved. Does the kidney need protein to maintain urine flow? If the protein is necessary to maintain urine flow, at least some of it should remain in the urine even after starvation. Starvation can lead to different disorders of the body. During the process of starvation, a series of energy metabolism changes leads to a decrease of body weight and changes in the body’s components and the metabolic gene expression profile [1,2]. A short duration of starvation can cause the acceleration of protein metabolism [3] and increases in nitrogen excretion, leucine flux and oxidation [4]. All of the above observations illustrate that the effect of starvation on the body may possibly reflect urinary protein changes.","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"63 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86074286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-24DOI: 10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00201
Herbert J Dias, Nayara As Aquaroni, R. C. Pietro, A. Crotti
Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Superficial fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails are dermatomycoses that affect the individuals’ health quality of life and are considered a public health issue [1-3]. Dermatological infections affect more than 25% of the people worldwide living in tropical and subtropical regions, mainly individuals involved in outdoor activities, such as agriculture, lumbering, and hunting, among others [4-6]. The responsible for the dermatomycoses is pointed out as dermatophytes, non-dermatophytic filamentous and yeasts forms of fungi, but in most of the cases, the etiologic agents are the dermatophytes [7]. Furthermore, the species causative of dermatomycoses demonstrate considerable variation depending on the geographical location, economic situations as well as population migrations and weather conditions, and can affect the treatment of such fungal infections [1,6,8].
{"title":"Antifungal activity of dihydrobenzofuran neolignans","authors":"Herbert J Dias, Nayara As Aquaroni, R. C. Pietro, A. Crotti","doi":"10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00201","url":null,"abstract":"Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Superficial fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails are dermatomycoses that affect the individuals’ health quality of life and are considered a public health issue [1-3]. Dermatological infections affect more than 25% of the people worldwide living in tropical and subtropical regions, mainly individuals involved in outdoor activities, such as agriculture, lumbering, and hunting, among others [4-6]. The responsible for the dermatomycoses is pointed out as dermatophytes, non-dermatophytic filamentous and yeasts forms of fungi, but in most of the cases, the etiologic agents are the dermatophytes [7]. Furthermore, the species causative of dermatomycoses demonstrate considerable variation depending on the geographical location, economic situations as well as population migrations and weather conditions, and can affect the treatment of such fungal infections [1,6,8].","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83352440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-16DOI: 10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00200
Jesse A. Canchola, Shaowu Tang, P. Hemyari, E. Paxinos, E. Marins
For example, Hatzakis et al. [1], Table 1, showed an assessment of inter-instrument, inter-operator, inter-day, inter-run, intra-run and total variability of the Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx in various HIV1 RNA concentrations. In Table 1, below, we recreate their total SD and %CV columns (the latter for which they use Formula (1), and calculate the correct log-normal %CV from Formula (7) below. From the Table 1, it can be seen that using the incorrect %CV formula for lognormally distributed data will give abnormally smaller %CVs. Volume 6 Issue 4 2017
{"title":"Correct Use of Percent Coefficient of Variation (%CV) Formula for Log-Transformed Data","authors":"Jesse A. Canchola, Shaowu Tang, P. Hemyari, E. Paxinos, E. Marins","doi":"10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00200","url":null,"abstract":"For example, Hatzakis et al. [1], Table 1, showed an assessment of inter-instrument, inter-operator, inter-day, inter-run, intra-run and total variability of the Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx in various HIV1 RNA concentrations. In Table 1, below, we recreate their total SD and %CV columns (the latter for which they use Formula (1), and calculate the correct log-normal %CV from Formula (7) below. From the Table 1, it can be seen that using the incorrect %CV formula for lognormally distributed data will give abnormally smaller %CVs. Volume 6 Issue 4 2017","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81057630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-16DOI: 10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00199
Alaa A Elnour
Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com B .pseudomalleus is capable of infecting almost anything because of the spectacular genetic structure, by possessing certain genomic island (GIs) that gives the ability to alteration and to adapt. The genes of this GIs play an important role in pathogenesis ability. Trains which cause disease in humans differ from those causing disease in other animals, Genes on these genomic islands may thus play an important role in the pathogenesis of human melioidosis. It may have the ability to cause disease in humans because of DNA it has acquired from other microorganisms [5]. Its mutation rate is also high, and the organism continues to evolve even after infecting a host [6]. These genetic alterations were primarily driven by environmental pressures outside the human or mammalian host [7].
B .pseudomalleus能够感染几乎任何东西，因为它具有惊人的遗传结构，通过拥有某些基因组岛(GIs)，使其具有改变和适应的能力。这些基因在发病能力中起着重要的作用。人类致病序列不同于其他动物致病序列，因此这些基因组岛上的基因可能在人类类鼻疽病的发病机制中起重要作用。它可能有能力引起人类疾病，因为它从其他微生物中获得了DNA[5]。其突变率也很高，即使在感染宿主后，生物体仍在继续进化[6]。这些遗传改变主要是由人类或哺乳动物宿主以外的环境压力驱动的[7]。
{"title":"The impact of genomics evolution and genomic island in Burkholderia pseudomallei","authors":"Alaa A Elnour","doi":"10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJPB.2017.06.00199","url":null,"abstract":"Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com B .pseudomalleus is capable of infecting almost anything because of the spectacular genetic structure, by possessing certain genomic island (GIs) that gives the ability to alteration and to adapt. The genes of this GIs play an important role in pathogenesis ability. Trains which cause disease in humans differ from those causing disease in other animals, Genes on these genomic islands may thus play an important role in the pathogenesis of human melioidosis. It may have the ability to cause disease in humans because of DNA it has acquired from other microorganisms [5]. Its mutation rate is also high, and the organism continues to evolve even after infecting a host [6]. These genetic alterations were primarily driven by environmental pressures outside the human or mammalian host [7].","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73521046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-13DOI: 10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00198
J. I. Lao
FMS has been long considered as a psychogenic or psychosomatic disease. Most patients are suffering this stigma because they show many symptoms which are too many and too diverse to be considered as a single organic disease. For that reason, it is more appropriate to consider fibromyalgia as a syndrome with a vast heterogeneity in causes as well as in severity of symptoms and clinical evolution. It is a health problem which is very frequent in Spain having a prevalence of 2.4% of the population older than 20 years and being more frequent in women than in men, in a ratio of 21:1. Despite the high prevalence, its etiology remains unknown and no effective treatments exist [4].
{"title":"DNA testing applied to fibromyalgia syndrome analysis and management","authors":"J. I. Lao","doi":"10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00198","url":null,"abstract":"FMS has been long considered as a psychogenic or psychosomatic disease. Most patients are suffering this stigma because they show many symptoms which are too many and too diverse to be considered as a single organic disease. For that reason, it is more appropriate to consider fibromyalgia as a syndrome with a vast heterogeneity in causes as well as in severity of symptoms and clinical evolution. It is a health problem which is very frequent in Spain having a prevalence of 2.4% of the population older than 20 years and being more frequent in women than in men, in a ratio of 21:1. Despite the high prevalence, its etiology remains unknown and no effective treatments exist [4].","PeriodicalId":18585,"journal":{"name":"MOJ proteomics & bioinformatics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84946750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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