{"title":"Modern History and Politics: Worldmaking in the Long Great War: How Local and Colonial Struggles Shaped the Modern Middle East, by Jonathan Wyrtzen (book review)","authors":"Ryan Gingeras","doi":"10.3751/77.1.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.312","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47789435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article examines the international legitimacy of the main Kurdish militia in northern Syria, the People's Defense Units (YPG), and its affiliated political party, the Democratic Union Party (PYD). Despite their origins in the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), listed as a terrorist organization in many countries, the YPG and PYD were anointed as partners of the Global Coalition against Daesh/ISIS and have been celebrated in Western capitals and press ever since. To understand this unusual trajectory, this article argues that, although defeating ISIS opened a "possibility space" for this alliance to emerge, the YPG and PYD's discursive and practical legitimation strategies have contributed to their remarkable international diplomatic standing. This position nevertheless remains perilous, largely due to an insurmountable barrier: Turkey.
{"title":"From the Mountains to the Élysée: The Precarious International Legitimacy of the Syrian Kurdish YPG and PYD","authors":"A. Elsayed","doi":"10.3751/77.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines the international legitimacy of the main Kurdish militia in northern Syria, the People's Defense Units (YPG), and its affiliated political party, the Democratic Union Party (PYD). Despite their origins in the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), listed as a terrorist organization in many countries, the YPG and PYD were anointed as partners of the Global Coalition against Daesh/ISIS and have been celebrated in Western capitals and press ever since. To understand this unusual trajectory, this article argues that, although defeating ISIS opened a \"possibility space\" for this alliance to emerge, the YPG and PYD's discursive and practical legitimation strategies have contributed to their remarkable international diplomatic standing. This position nevertheless remains perilous, largely due to an insurmountable barrier: Turkey.","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"53 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44424680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Syria: Syria Betrayed: Atrocities, War, and the Failure of International Diplomacy, by Alex J. Bellamy (book review)","authors":"F. Lawson","doi":"10.3751/77.1.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47545214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Israel: We Are Not One: A History of America's Fight over Israel, by Eric Alterman (book review)","authors":"Donna Robinson Divine","doi":"10.3751/77.1.306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46013173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:China is looked upon warmly in the Arab world. Allegations about extreme human rights abuses by the Chinese government of Muslim populations in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, however, put the durability of this popularity into question. This article uses Arabic-language media sources to illuminate Beijing's efforts to neutralize this controversy for Arab audiences and the nature of the debate around the topic in the Arab media sphere. Widely sympathetic coverage reflects a synergy between Beijing's propaganda efforts and anxiety about Islamism among Arab regimes. In addition, this article argues that the leitmotif of anti-Westernism in Arab media suggests China's reputation reaps considerable reward from the fraught legacies of Western involvement in the Arab world.
{"title":"Arab Media Portrayals of Anti-Uyghur Repression: Chinese Propaganda, Anti-Islamist Anxiety, and Anti-Westernism","authors":"Will Cochrane-Dyet","doi":"10.3751/77.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:China is looked upon warmly in the Arab world. Allegations about extreme human rights abuses by the Chinese government of Muslim populations in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, however, put the durability of this popularity into question. This article uses Arabic-language media sources to illuminate Beijing's efforts to neutralize this controversy for Arab audiences and the nature of the debate around the topic in the Arab media sphere. Widely sympathetic coverage reflects a synergy between Beijing's propaganda efforts and anxiety about Islamism among Arab regimes. In addition, this article argues that the leitmotif of anti-Westernism in Arab media suggests China's reputation reaps considerable reward from the fraught legacies of Western involvement in the Arab world.","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"79 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46738274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morocco: Killing Contention: Demobilizationin Morocco during the Arab Spring, by Sammy Zeyad Badran (book review)","authors":"Frédéric Vairel","doi":"10.3751/77.1.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.307","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45744761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iraq: Mosul under ISIS: Eyewitness Accounts of Life in the Caliphate, by Mathilde Becker Aarseth (book review)","authors":"A. al-Tamimi","doi":"10.3751/77.1.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47826632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Turkey: Street-Level Governing: Negotiating the State in Urban Turkey, by Elise Massicard (book review)","authors":"R. Polat","doi":"10.3751/77.1.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49060673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iran: An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville, by Reza Aslan (book review)","authors":"N. Rahimieh","doi":"10.3751/77.1.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49027277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The turbulence of Turkish domestic politics in 2015–16 coincided with the unraveling of the government's hyperactive policy in Syria and the expansion of Kurdish forces there under the People's Defense Units (YPG). This article argues that, since 2016, Turkey's Syria policy has been transformed into an infinite war against the YPG. This perpetual militarization has created an environment where Turkish domestic politics can be restructured in the name of national security, maximizing presidential power and accelerating the country's slide toward competitive authoritarianism. This process has also reshaped the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), which has shifted further toward nationalism and entered into a symbiotic relationship with the military.
{"title":"The AKP's Syria Policy and the Emergence of Competitive Authoritarianism in Turkey","authors":"M. Sarlis","doi":"10.3751/77.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3751/77.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The turbulence of Turkish domestic politics in 2015–16 coincided with the unraveling of the government's hyperactive policy in Syria and the expansion of Kurdish forces there under the People's Defense Units (YPG). This article argues that, since 2016, Turkey's Syria policy has been transformed into an infinite war against the YPG. This perpetual militarization has created an environment where Turkish domestic politics can be restructured in the name of national security, maximizing presidential power and accelerating the country's slide toward competitive authoritarianism. This process has also reshaped the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), which has shifted further toward nationalism and entered into a symbiotic relationship with the military.","PeriodicalId":18627,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"32 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47832465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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