Pub Date : 2010-12-29DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2010.00304.0111
M. Yamashita, Takeshi Yabu, N. Ojima
{"title":"Stress Protein HSP70 in Fish","authors":"M. Yamashita, Takeshi Yabu, N. Ojima","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2010.00304.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2010.00304.0111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121569381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-27DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2010.00303.0073
M. Wilder, T. Okumura, N. Tsutsui
In recent years, shrimp culture has become a significant world-wide industry. Current production levels reach over 3 million tons per year, corresponding to a market volume of over 10 billion U.S. dollars (FAO 2008). Especially in Southeast Asia, where more than 75% of the world’s shrimp culture occurs, shrimp farming has been considered to be the cause of myriad environmental problems such as the destruction of mangrove forest, and deterioration of the coastal environment due to efflux from intensive shrimp farms. Thankfully, much effort has been extended by governments and researchers/technical specialists to address these concerns, and there has been a significant amelioration of the adverse affects of shrimp farming (SEAFDEC 2004). In addition to environmentally-related issues, the Abstract Shrimp culture is a significant world-wide industry, with current production levels reaching over 3 million tons per year. The expansion of the industry has given rise to the problems of environmental deterioration due to intensive-scale culture, and the outbreak of disease. While many of these issues are now being sufficiently addressed, the establishment of sustainable seed production technology is an area that should be given continued attention. In this regard, it remains difficult to control reproduction under hatchery conditions for a large number of commercially-important species. At present, an understanding of reproductive mechanisms in Crustacea is not complete, although in recent years, a great deal of knowledge has accumulated on vitellogenin structure, processing, and synthetic site in a number of economically-important species. This monograph will cover the current status of research on vitellogenin in decapod crustaceans, especially prawns and shrimp, and discuss mechanisms of vitellogenin synthetic control, both demonstrated and postulated. The monograph will also present current knowledge of crustacean vitellogenin receptors, and cover related facets of reproductive development, such as mechansisms of cortical rod formation and the utilization of vitellin during embryogenesis. Finally, future directions for this research and potential applications to aquaculture will be discussed. Reproductive Mechanisms in Crustacea Focusing on Selected Prawn Species: Vitellogenin Structure, Processing and Synthetic Control
{"title":"Reproductive Mechanisms in Crustacea Focusing on Selected Prawn Species: Vitellogenin Structure, Processing and Synthetic Control","authors":"M. Wilder, T. Okumura, N. Tsutsui","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2010.00303.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2010.00303.0073","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, shrimp culture has become a significant world-wide industry. Current production levels reach over 3 million tons per year, corresponding to a market volume of over 10 billion U.S. dollars (FAO 2008). Especially in Southeast Asia, where more than 75% of the world’s shrimp culture occurs, shrimp farming has been considered to be the cause of myriad environmental problems such as the destruction of mangrove forest, and deterioration of the coastal environment due to efflux from intensive shrimp farms. Thankfully, much effort has been extended by governments and researchers/technical specialists to address these concerns, and there has been a significant amelioration of the adverse affects of shrimp farming (SEAFDEC 2004). In addition to environmentally-related issues, the Abstract Shrimp culture is a significant world-wide industry, with current production levels reaching over 3 million tons per year. The expansion of the industry has given rise to the problems of environmental deterioration due to intensive-scale culture, and the outbreak of disease. While many of these issues are now being sufficiently addressed, the establishment of sustainable seed production technology is an area that should be given continued attention. In this regard, it remains difficult to control reproduction under hatchery conditions for a large number of commercially-important species. At present, an understanding of reproductive mechanisms in Crustacea is not complete, although in recent years, a great deal of knowledge has accumulated on vitellogenin structure, processing, and synthetic site in a number of economically-important species. This monograph will cover the current status of research on vitellogenin in decapod crustaceans, especially prawns and shrimp, and discuss mechanisms of vitellogenin synthetic control, both demonstrated and postulated. The monograph will also present current knowledge of crustacean vitellogenin receptors, and cover related facets of reproductive development, such as mechansisms of cortical rod formation and the utilization of vitellin during embryogenesis. Finally, future directions for this research and potential applications to aquaculture will be discussed. Reproductive Mechanisms in Crustacea Focusing on Selected Prawn Species: Vitellogenin Structure, Processing and Synthetic Control","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129259143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-08-31DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2010.00302.0039
M. Amano
{"title":"Reproductive Biology of Salmoniform and Pleuronectiform Fishes with Special Reference to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)","authors":"M. Amano","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2010.00302.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2010.00302.0039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116679415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-10-31DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2009.00204.0001
Michael J. Miller
This review examines the present state of knowledge about the ecology of anguilliform leptocephali, which are the unique but poorly understood larvae of eels. All eels spawn in the ocean and their leptocephali live in the ocean surface layer. Their presence worldwide and basic biology have not been extensively studied due to their strong ability to avoid standard plankton nets and their fragile transparent bodies. Leptocephali have laterally compressed bodies and contain a high proportion of transparent energy storage compounds. They have diverse morphological features, but appear to feed only on particulate material, such as marine snow or discarded larvacean houses. Some information on their chemical composition, respiration, growth rates, depth distributions, swimming ability, metamorphosis, and recruitment patterns has been reported, which highlights the interesting and unique aspects of leptocephalus larvae. Regional zoogeography and reproductive ecology of adults and ocean currents affect the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of leptocephali, which have long larval durations, but most life histories and larval recruitment behaviors remain undocumented. Their transparency, feeding strategy, and large size seem to be a unique and successful larval strategy, but the abundance and ecological significance of leptocephali in the ocean appear to have been underestimated. 2 Ecology of Anguilliform Leptocephali: Remarkable Transparent Fish Larvae of the Ocean Surface Layer Aqua-BioScience Monographs VOL. 2 NO. 4 2009 to alterations in the ocean–atmosphere system may be affecting the survival of anguillid leptocephali (see Miller et al. 2009a), so there is a need to gain a greater understanding of the ecology of leptocephali. Leptocephali are poorly known largely because they grow much larger than typical fish larvae, and they are rarely collected by the standard-sized plankton nets used by fisheries scientists and biological oceanographers. As will be reviewed below, they have large eyes, mechanoreceptors, and can actively swim both forwards and backwards, so this in combination with their large size appears to make leptocephali well adapted to avoid small plankton nets (≤1 m diameter) or any sized trawl during the day (Castonguay and McCleave 1987a; Miller and McCleave 1994; Miller and Tsukamoto 2004; Miller et al. 2006a). Another problem that has slowed the progress in research on leptocephali is that these larvae typically show no resemblance to the juvenile or adult forms of each species, so it is extraordinarily difficult to match larval forms to adult species using morphological characteristics. Leptocephali differ so much from their adult forms that for about a century they were thought to be a unique type of marine fish (Smith 1989a). Eventually it was realized that leptocephali are actually the larval forms of the fishes of the superorder Elopomorpha, which includes species with both eel-like and typical fish-like bodies. The true
本文综述了目前关于鳗状钩头鱼生态学的知识，钩头鱼是一种独特但鲜为人知的鳗鱼幼虫。所有的鳗鱼都在海洋中产卵，它们的头状体生活在海洋表层。由于它们有很强的躲避标准浮游生物网的能力和脆弱的透明身体，它们在世界范围内的存在和基础生物学尚未得到广泛的研究。头鲸具有横向压缩的身体，并含有高比例的透明储能化合物。它们有多种形态特征，但似乎只以颗粒状物质为食，如海洋雪或废弃的幼虫屋。关于它们的化学成分、呼吸、生长速率、深度分布、游泳能力、蜕变和招募模式的一些信息已经被报道，这突出了钩头鱼幼虫有趣和独特的方面。区域动物地理、成虫生殖生态和洋流影响着头头象的时空分布格局，尾头象具有较长的幼虫期，但其大部分生活史和幼虫招募行为尚不清楚。它们的透明、摄食策略和庞大的体型似乎是一种独特而成功的幼虫策略，但海洋中头鲸的丰度和生态意义似乎被低估了。2钩头鳗的生态学:海洋表层显著的透明鱼幼鱼——水生物科学专著第2卷第2期。2009年4月至2009年，海洋-大气系统的变化可能会影响钩头鳗的生存(见Miller et al. 2009a)，因此有必要对钩头鳗的生态学有更深入的了解。人们对细头鲸知之甚少，很大程度上是因为它们比典型的鱼类幼虫长得大得多，而且渔业科学家和生物海洋学家使用的标准尺寸的浮游生物网很少收集到它们。正如下面将回顾的那样，它们有大眼睛，机械感受器，可以主动向前和向后游泳，所以这与它们的大体型相结合，似乎使头鲸很好地适应了白天避开小型浮游生物网(直径≤1米)或任何大小的拖网(Castonguay和McCleave 1987a;Miller and McCleave 1994;Miller and Tsukamoto 2004;Miller et al. 2006a)。另一个阻碍研究进展的问题是，这些幼虫通常与每个物种的幼年或成年形态没有相似之处，因此使用形态特征将幼虫形态与成年物种相匹配非常困难。尾头鲸与它们的成年形态差别如此之大，以至于大约一个世纪以来，它们被认为是一种独特的海鱼(Smith 1989a)。最终人们意识到，钩头鱼实际上是钩形目超目鱼类的幼虫，钩形目鱼类既包括像鳗鱼的身体，也包括典型的像鱼的身体。鳗形目的真正鳗鱼都有细长的身体形状，并使用典型的鳗形运动游泳(Gray 1933)，这使它们能够向两个方向游泳(D ' ao<s:1>和Aerts 1999)。该目包括约15科，除一科外，其余科在其整个生活史中几乎都是海洋物种(Böhlke 1989a)。鳗鲡科的鳗鲡是一种地生鳗鲡，幼年和成年生活在淡水和河口栖息地，但在海洋中产卵，并有钩头幼虫(Tesch 2003;青山2009)。历史上Saccopharyngiformes目的吞咽鳗和吞咽鳗在体型上也与鳗鱼相似，并且在遗传上似乎包含在Anguilliformes中(Inoue et al. 2004)。白鳍目的骨鱼和带刺的鳗鱼(包括历史上的nottacanthiformes)，以及栉形目的海鲢和瓢虫有更典型的鱼状身体，不像鳗鱼，尽管它们都有共同的钩头目幼虫的幼虫形式。所有这些鳗形目分布在世界各地，从热带到温带水域，以及深海中的一些物种(Nelson 2006)，尽管南大西洋和东太平洋没有鳗类(Aoyama 2009)。尽管鳗鱼分布在全球，存在800多种鳗鱼(Nelson 2006)，但对大多数物种的生活史或其头端部的生态知之甚少(Böhlke 1989a,b;史密斯1989年;Miller and Tsukamoto 2004)。成年鳗鱼很难研究，因为大多数鳗鱼在夜间活动，而且经常是窝栖的行为，或者许多物种生活在海洋的深处。除非在夜间使用大型拖网捕鱼，否则很难收集到细头鱼(Miller and Tsukamoto 2004, 2006)，但即使收集到细头鱼，由于其脆弱的身体形态，它们也很少在捕获后存活下来。由于它们的身体高度侧向压缩，几乎是完全透明的，因此它们是不寻常的(图1)。 它们是透明的，因为它们的身体大多含有透明的能量储存材料，主要由糖胺聚糖(GAG)化合物组成(Pfeiler 1999;Pfeiler et al. 2002)，它们也为身体提供结构支持，直到它们在幼虫期结束时蜕变为幼鳗时转化为新的身体组织。然而，这些幼虫非常脆弱，因为它们的身体覆盖着一层薄薄的组织，只有几层细胞厚(Hulet 1978;铃木和大竹2000;Nakamura et al. 2002)，而且很容易损坏。头端鲸的身体形状多种多样，从很长很细到很深，尾巴呈圆形或尖状(图2)。头的形状也有很大的不同(图3;但见下文)。头鲸的最大尺寸可由约50毫米至大于300毫米(全长)不等(Castle 1984;史密斯1989年;Böhlke 1989b)，但无论它们的大小或体型如何，它们都是透明的，非常脆弱，直到它们蜕变成幼鳗。上个世纪初，探险队开始通过收集大西洋鳗鱼的头鳞来寻找它们的产卵地，此后对细头鳞的研究开始了(Schmidt 1922;Boëtius and Harding 1985;McCleave 2003)。在这些早期调查中，鳗鲡细头鱼扩展到印度-太平洋(Jespersen 1942)，还收集了各种其他分类群，并对其中一些海鳗细头鱼进行了后来的研究(例如鳗鲡细头鱼的生态学:海洋表层的显着透明鱼幼虫3水生物科学专题第2卷第2卷)。4 2009柏林1938;Bauchot 1959;Castle 1970、1979、1997;Castle and Raju 1975;Smith and Castle 1982;Karmovskaya 1990;Castle and Smith, 1999)。近年来在南太平洋西部(Castle 1963,1964,1965a,b,c)、西非几内亚湾(Blache 1977)以及北大西洋西部(Smith 1966,1974)的收集工作取得了更大的进展，对头端动物形态学和物种鉴定的研究取得了更大的进展，在那里，大多数头端动物最终被鉴定为物种(Smith 1979;Bohlke 1989 b)。其他更近期的研究将钩头鲸的区域捕获量与已知的成鱼分布进行了比较(Richardson and Cowen 2004a,b;Ross et al. 2007)。然而，在世界上的大多数地区，例如在印度-太平洋地区，大多数头鲸的物种鉴定仍然未知(Mochioka et al. 1982, 1991;Tabeta and Mochioka 1988;Miller et al. 2002a, 2006a;Miller and Tsukamoto 2004, 2006)。图1所示。日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)在日本IRAGO研究所的实验室里人工繁殖和饲养的尾头鳗的照片。幼虫长约30-50毫米，约200日龄。4鳗鲡状钩头鱼的生态学:海洋表层显著的透明鱼幼鱼——水生物科学专著卷2卷第2期。4 2009利用不同鉴定水平对世界不同地区钩头象的分布、生活史特征和组合结构进行了研究。在北大西洋西部，对细头鳗鲡的分布进行了更详细的研究，以帮助确定两种鳗鲡的产卵区，欧洲鳗鲡和美洲鳗鲡，在马尾藻海南部有重叠的产卵区(Schoth和Tesch 1982
{"title":"Ecology of Anguilliform Leptocephali: Remarkable Transparent Fish Larvae of the Ocean Surface Layer","authors":"Michael J. Miller","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00204.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00204.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines the present state of knowledge about the ecology of anguilliform leptocephali, which are the unique but poorly understood larvae of eels. All eels spawn in the ocean and their leptocephali live in the ocean surface layer. Their presence worldwide and basic biology have not been extensively studied due to their strong ability to avoid standard plankton nets and their fragile transparent bodies. Leptocephali have laterally compressed bodies and contain a high proportion of transparent energy storage compounds. They have diverse morphological features, but appear to feed only on particulate material, such as marine snow or discarded larvacean houses. Some information on their chemical composition, respiration, growth rates, depth distributions, swimming ability, metamorphosis, and recruitment patterns has been reported, which highlights the interesting and unique aspects of leptocephalus larvae. Regional zoogeography and reproductive ecology of adults and ocean currents affect the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of leptocephali, which have long larval durations, but most life histories and larval recruitment behaviors remain undocumented. Their transparency, feeding strategy, and large size seem to be a unique and successful larval strategy, but the abundance and ecological significance of leptocephali in the ocean appear to have been underestimated. 2 Ecology of Anguilliform Leptocephali: Remarkable Transparent Fish Larvae of the Ocean Surface Layer Aqua-BioScience Monographs VOL. 2 NO. 4 2009 to alterations in the ocean–atmosphere system may be affecting the survival of anguillid leptocephali (see Miller et al. 2009a), so there is a need to gain a greater understanding of the ecology of leptocephali. Leptocephali are poorly known largely because they grow much larger than typical fish larvae, and they are rarely collected by the standard-sized plankton nets used by fisheries scientists and biological oceanographers. As will be reviewed below, they have large eyes, mechanoreceptors, and can actively swim both forwards and backwards, so this in combination with their large size appears to make leptocephali well adapted to avoid small plankton nets (≤1 m diameter) or any sized trawl during the day (Castonguay and McCleave 1987a; Miller and McCleave 1994; Miller and Tsukamoto 2004; Miller et al. 2006a). Another problem that has slowed the progress in research on leptocephali is that these larvae typically show no resemblance to the juvenile or adult forms of each species, so it is extraordinarily difficult to match larval forms to adult species using morphological characteristics. Leptocephali differ so much from their adult forms that for about a century they were thought to be a unique type of marine fish (Smith 1989a). Eventually it was realized that leptocephali are actually the larval forms of the fishes of the superorder Elopomorpha, which includes species with both eel-like and typical fish-like bodies. The true ","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125240245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-28DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2009.00203.0001
T. Akamine
Useful methods for growth curve fitting, body-size composition analysis, and estimation of population size in fish stocks are presented. These methods are statistically based on the maximum likelihood method and the likelihood ratio test. Mathematical explanation of the standard Richards growth formula with seasonal change, the generalized reproduction model, and the Awaya method for estimating implicit function models are given. Mathematical proofs of the iteration method, called the Hasselblad method, or the EM algorithm for estimating the mixture of normal distributions, and the Marquardt method for general optimization are shown. For population size estimation, the Petersen method for mark–recapture experiments, the quadrat method, and the DeLury removal method are discussed. These are based on the binomial distribution and the classical Bayesian statistical methods which are also discussed. Mathematical proofs of the sum formulae of the binomial and hyper-geometric distributions are given. The virtual population analysis using mortality rates, the Leslie matrix model, and the linear programming for discrete fishing models are also explained. All the methods stated here can be easily carried out using spread-sheet software. Recieved on March 4, 2008 Revised on March 13, 2009 Accepted on April 28, 2009 Online published on July 28, 2009
{"title":"Non-linear and Graphical Methods for Fish Stock Analysis with Statistical Modeling","authors":"T. Akamine","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00203.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00203.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Useful methods for growth curve fitting, body-size composition analysis, and estimation of population size in fish stocks are presented. These methods are statistically based on the maximum likelihood method and the likelihood ratio test. Mathematical explanation of the standard Richards growth formula with seasonal change, the generalized reproduction model, and the Awaya method for estimating implicit function models are given. Mathematical proofs of the iteration method, called the Hasselblad method, or the EM algorithm for estimating the mixture of normal distributions, and the Marquardt method for general optimization are shown. For population size estimation, the Petersen method for mark–recapture experiments, the quadrat method, and the DeLury removal method are discussed. These are based on the binomial distribution and the classical Bayesian statistical methods which are also discussed. Mathematical proofs of the sum formulae of the binomial and hyper-geometric distributions are given. The virtual population analysis using mortality rates, the Leslie matrix model, and the linear programming for discrete fishing models are also explained. All the methods stated here can be easily carried out using spread-sheet software. Recieved on March 4, 2008 Revised on March 13, 2009 Accepted on April 28, 2009 Online published on July 28, 2009","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124128249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-04-08DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2009.00202.0001
R. Masuda
Behavioral ontogeny of marine pelagic fishes is reviewed in the context of sustainable fisheries resource management. In carangid fishes, development of sensory organs corresponds with their basic behavior such as phototaxis and optokinetic response, whereas the onset of schooling requires the development of the central nervous systems (CNS). Because docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is indispensable for the development of CNS, quality as well as quantity of prey is important for the development of behavior and thus survival. Among common pelagic fishes, chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus, had the best growth performance and their cruise swimming speed was remarkably fast. Japanese anchovy, Engraulis japonicus, were slow both at cruise and burst swimming speeds, and were extremely vulnerable to predation by jellyfish. Jack mackerel were slow at cruise swimming speed, but they can make use of jellyfish as a refuge and as a prey collector. Each biotic and abiotic environmental factor, such as water temperature, the amount of phytoplankton, copepods and jellyfish, may work in a positive or negative way for each species, and this can be a driving force for the replacement of predominant fish species. Considering that there are always competition and predator–prey relations among different pelagic fish species, ecosystem based management is indispensable for the sustainable utilization of pelagic fishes.
{"title":"Behavioral Ontogeny of Marine Pelagic Fishes with the Implications for the Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources","authors":"R. Masuda","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00202.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00202.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral ontogeny of marine pelagic fishes is reviewed in the context of sustainable fisheries resource management. In carangid fishes, development of sensory organs corresponds with their basic behavior such as phototaxis and optokinetic response, whereas the onset of schooling requires the development of the central nervous systems (CNS). Because docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is indispensable for the development of CNS, quality as well as quantity of prey is important for the development of behavior and thus survival. Among common pelagic fishes, chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus, had the best growth performance and their cruise swimming speed was remarkably fast. Japanese anchovy, Engraulis japonicus, were slow both at cruise and burst swimming speeds, and were extremely vulnerable to predation by jellyfish. Jack mackerel were slow at cruise swimming speed, but they can make use of jellyfish as a refuge and as a prey collector. Each biotic and abiotic environmental factor, such as water temperature, the amount of phytoplankton, copepods and jellyfish, may work in a positive or negative way for each species, and this can be a driving force for the replacement of predominant fish species. Considering that there are always competition and predator–prey relations among different pelagic fish species, ecosystem based management is indispensable for the sustainable utilization of pelagic fishes.","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124112396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-03DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2009.00201.0001
J. Aoyama
{"title":"Life History and Evolution of Migration in Catadromous Eels (GenusAnguilla)","authors":"J. Aoyama","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2009.00201.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2009.00201.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127680925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-26DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2008.00102.0001
S. Hayashi, A. Kumagai
Perfused eel livers, isolated eel hepatocytes, and cultured eel hepatocytes are used to investigate eel liver functions such as gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and lipoprotein synthesis and methods for preparation are described. A novel phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) synthesis pathway from pyruvate in gluconeogenesis in eel liver was elucidated and PEP synthesis pathways in eel, rat, and pigeon livers were compared. Glycogen synthesis from pyruvate, lactate, and glucose was investigated by using cultured eel hepatocytes. It was found that 10 –6 or 10 –7 M glucagon didn’t stimulate glycogen degradation in the presence of pyruvate but stimulated glycogen degradation in the presence of lactate. Glycogen synthesis from pyruvate was observed even when 10 –6 or 10 –7 M glucagon was present. The characteristics of the lipoprotein synthesized and secreted by cultured eel hepatocytes are clarified. Thyroxine and eel serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) stimulated the lipoprotein synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes. In the presence of estradiol-17β, eel serum HDL stimulated vitellogenin synthesis in eel hepatocytes. HDL specifically bound to eel hepatocytes and the ligand of HDL receptor in the plasma membrane of eel hepatocytes was identified to be ganglioside GM4 of eel serum HDL.
{"title":"Studies on Eel Liver Functions Using Perfused Liver and Primary Cultured Hepatocytes","authors":"S. Hayashi, A. Kumagai","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2008.00102.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2008.00102.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Perfused eel livers, isolated eel hepatocytes, and cultured eel hepatocytes are used to investigate eel liver functions such as gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and lipoprotein synthesis and methods for preparation are described. A novel phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) synthesis pathway from pyruvate in gluconeogenesis in eel liver was elucidated and PEP synthesis pathways in eel, rat, and pigeon livers were compared. Glycogen synthesis from pyruvate, lactate, and glucose was investigated by using cultured eel hepatocytes. It was found that 10 –6 or 10 –7 M glucagon didn’t stimulate glycogen degradation in the presence of pyruvate but stimulated glycogen degradation in the presence of lactate. Glycogen synthesis from pyruvate was observed even when 10 –6 or 10 –7 M glucagon was present. The characteristics of the lipoprotein synthesized and secreted by cultured eel hepatocytes are clarified. Thyroxine and eel serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) stimulated the lipoprotein synthesis by cultured eel hepatocytes. In the presence of estradiol-17β, eel serum HDL stimulated vitellogenin synthesis in eel hepatocytes. HDL specifically bound to eel hepatocytes and the ligand of HDL receptor in the plasma membrane of eel hepatocytes was identified to be ganglioside GM4 of eel serum HDL.","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126930486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-10DOI: 10.5047/ABSM.2008.00101.0001
T. Kaneko, S. Watanabe, Kyung Mi Lee
{"title":"Functional Morphology of Mitochondrion-Rich Cells in Euryhaline and Stenohaline Teleosts","authors":"T. Kaneko, S. Watanabe, Kyung Mi Lee","doi":"10.5047/ABSM.2008.00101.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5047/ABSM.2008.00101.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186355,"journal":{"name":"Aqua-bioscience Monographs","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134312234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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