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Treatment and prophylaxis of moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature neonates 早产儿中、重度支气管肺发育不良的治疗和预防
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241961
A. Bolonska, O. Sorokina
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature neonates leads to physical and mental developmental disorders and behavioral problems and associated with frequent rehospitalizations and long hospital stay. Study objective: to study the predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia development in premature neonates in structure of intensive care. Study design: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed in 127 children recruited from two NICU of Dnipro between January 2016 to March 2020. Inclusion criteria: preterm neonates 28-32 gestation weeks with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Results demonstrated that every day of mechanical ventilation, supplemental oxygen with FiO2 more than 30% and cardiac drugs usage increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia development by 15-20%. In conclusion, finding out predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia helps to improve  and prudently use usual treatment regimens in premature neonates and decrease the frequency of moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
早产儿支气管肺发育不良可导致身心发育障碍和行为问题,并与频繁再住院和长时间住院有关。研究目的:探讨重症监护结构下早产儿支气管肺发育不良的预测因素。研究设计:对2016年1月至2020年3月从第聂伯罗两所新生儿重症监护室招募的127名儿童进行回顾性队列分析。纳入标准:妊娠28-32周伴有呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的早产儿。结果表明,每天机械通气、FiO2≥30%的吸氧和心脏药物的使用使支气管肺发育不良的风险增加15-20%。总之,发现支气管肺发育不良的预测因素有助于改善和谨慎使用早产儿常规治疗方案,降低中重度支气管肺发育不良的发生率。
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引用次数: 0
The role of cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine in the development of different phenotypes of atopic dermatitis in children 皮肤t细胞吸引趋化因子在儿童特应性皮炎不同表型发展中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241933
V. Dytiatkovsky, O. Abaturov, N. Naumenko, O. Alifirenko, I. Filatova, S. Taran
The goal of this study was to detect the risk of developing different atopic dermatitis (AD) phenotypes in children (isolated or combined with other comorbid atopic diseases (AtD)) depending on serum concentrations of cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine (CTACK)/CCL27. The main group comprised 39 children aged 3 to 18 years old suffering from different AD phenotypes – isolated (18 patients) and combined with comorbid AtD – AR/ARC and/or bronchial asthma (21 patients). The control group comprised 47 children aged 3 to 18 years old, suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Serum CTACK/CCL 27 concentrations were detected in all children. In the full main group, the average level of CTACK/CCL27 was significantly higher compared to the patients of the control group: 4403.6 pg/ml (95% CI: 3726.2; 5148.7, p<0.001) and 3495.9 pg/ml (95% CI: 3197.8; 4186.8, p<0.001), respectively. Mean serum CTACK/CCL27 levels in patients of the main group with different AD phenotypes were higher than those in the full main group: with isolated AD – 4549.4 pg/ml (LQ; HQ: 3923.5; 5175.2, p<0.05), with AD associated with other AtD – 5116.6 pg/ml (LQ, HQ: 4062.8; 6170.5, p<0.05). In phenotypes of overall and isolated AD, the cut-off value of serum CTACK/ CCL27 is 3586.5 pg/ml (76.9% and 77.8%, respectively, and 38.3% in the control group). The risk of development at this concentration is 5.37 (95% CI: 2.05; 14.07, p<0.001) for the total AD phenotype and 5.64 (95% 1.56; 20.32, p<0.05) for the isolated AD phenotype. In AD phenotype combined with comorbid AtD, the cut-off value of serum CTACK/CCL27 is 4308.8 pg/ml (66.7% of the main and 21.3% in the control group). The risk of developing this AD phenotype at this concentration is 7.40 (95% CI: 2.30; 23.76, p<0.001). Serum CTACK/CCL27 levels are the reliable biomarker of the risk for developing different AD phenotypes in children. In the serum level of CTACK/CCL27=3658.5 pg/ml, the significant risk of developing total AD phenotype is 5.37, and isolated – AD=5.64. In the serum concentration of CTACK/CCL27=4308.8 pg/ml, the significant risk of developing AD phenotype combined with comorbid AtD is 7.40.
本研究的目的是检测儿童发生不同特应性皮炎(AD)表型(单独或合并其他共病特应性疾病(AtD))的风险,这取决于血清中皮肤t细胞吸引趋化因子(CTACK)/CCL27的浓度。主要组包括39名患有不同AD表型的3至18岁儿童-单独(18例)和合并AtD - AR/ARC和/或支气管哮喘(21例)。对照组为47例3 ~ 18岁的胃肠道疾病(GIT)患儿。检测所有患儿血清CTACK/CCL 27浓度。在全主组中,CTACK/CCL27的平均水平显著高于对照组患者:4403.6 pg/ml (95% CI: 3726.2;5148.7, p<0.001)和3495.9 pg/ml (95% CI: 3197.8;4186.8, p<0.001)。不同AD表型主组患者的平均血清CTACK/CCL27水平高于完全主组:分离AD - 4549.4 pg/ml (LQ;总部:3923.5;5175.2, p<0.05), AD与其他AtD相关- 5116.6 pg/ml (LQ, HQ: 4062.8;6170.5, p < 0.05)。在整体AD和孤立AD的表型中,血清CTACK/ CCL27的临界值为3586.5 pg/ml(分别为76.9%和77.8%,对照组为38.3%)。该浓度下的发展风险为5.37 (95% CI: 2.05;14.07, p<0.001), 5.64 (95% 1.56;20.32, p<0.05)。在AD表型合并合并AtD时,血清CTACK/CCL27的临界值为4308.8 pg/ml(占主组的66.7%,对照组的21.3%)。在该浓度下发生这种AD表型的风险为7.40 (95% CI: 2.30;23.76, p < 0.001)。血清CTACK/CCL27水平是儿童发生不同AD表型风险的可靠生物标志物。血清CTACK/CCL27=3658.5 pg/ml时,发生总AD表型的显著风险为5.37,分离性- AD=5.64。血清CTACK/CCL27浓度=4308.8 pg/ml时,AD表型合并AtD的显著风险为7.40。
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引用次数: 0
Features of eating behavior in children with different forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 不同形式非酒精性脂肪肝患儿饮食行为特征
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241923
Y. Stepanov, N. Zavhorodnia, O. Zavhorodnia
 Aim – to study the features of the eating behavior (EB) in children with different forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) - simple steatosis (SS) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), to compare the obtained data with the eating behavior of children without liver steatosis. 120 patients aged 7 to 16 years were examined, the average age of the patients was (12.00 ± 2.56) years. The presence and degree of liver steatosis was determined by transient elastography using a FibroScan®502Touch with an assessment of CAP (controlled attenuation parameter). According to the CAP, gender-specific alanine aminotransferase levels and body mass index, patients were divided into 4 groups: 1 group consisted of 26 patients with NASH, 2 group – of 44 patients with SS, 3 group – of 35 patients with obesity without liver steatosis, 4 group (control) – of 15 patients with normal weight without metabolic disorders. The groups were homogeneous in age. Assessment of EB was carried out using the pediatric modification of the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ-C). It was found that most patients with SS (75,0%) and NASH (87,5%) demonstrated an emotional type of EB. The restrictive type of EB was predominant in obese children without hepatic steatosis (73,7%). The total score of the restrictive type of EB in children of the 3 group was significantly higher compared with the data of the 4 group (p<0,05). The external type of EB occurred in 25% of children with SS and was not observed in children with NASH. Thus, children with NAFLD and obesity are characterized by an increased incidence of various types of unhealthy eating behavior compared to children with normal weight, which requires appropriate correction and involvement of psychologists in a team of specialists involved in the health care of the obese children.
目的:研究不同形式的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD) -单纯性脂肪变性(SS)和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)患儿的饮食行为(EB)特征,并将所得数据与非肝脏脂肪变性患儿的饮食行为进行比较。120例患者年龄7 ~ 16岁,平均年龄(12.00±2.56)岁。肝脂肪变性的存在和程度是通过使用纤维扫描®502Touch的瞬时弹性成像来确定的,并评估CAP(受控衰减参数)。根据CAP、性别特异性丙氨酸转氨酶水平和体重指数,将患者分为4组:1组26例NASH患者,2组44例SS患者,3组35例无肝脂肪变性的肥胖患者,4组(对照组)15例体重正常无代谢紊乱患者。这些群体在年龄上是相同的。采用儿童版荷兰饮食行为问卷(DEBQ-C)对EB进行评估。大多数SS患者(75.0%)和NASH患者(87.5%)表现为情绪性EB。限制型EB在无肝脂肪变性的肥胖儿童中占主导地位(73.7%)。3组患儿限制性EB型总分显著高于4组(p< 0.05)。外部型EB发生在25%的SS患儿中,而在NASH患儿中未观察到。因此,与体重正常的儿童相比,患有NAFLD和肥胖的儿童的特点是各种不健康饮食行为的发生率增加,这需要适当的纠正和参与肥胖儿童保健的专家团队中的心理学家的参与。
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引用次数: 0
Histological and histochemical assessment of short-term events in peri-implant bone for osteoinductivity evaluation of functional-protective implant coatings 用组织学和组织化学方法评估种植体周围骨的短期事件,以评估功能性保护种植体涂层的成骨性
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241875
O. Loskutov, I. Shponka, O. Bondarenko, N. Bondarenko, A. Bozhko
Utilization of functional-protective coatings for implants based on corundum ceramics seems promising from the point of view of stability, bioinertness, and low cost. In order to study the histo­logical criteria for evaluating the osteoinductive properties of functional protective coatings, 6 types of coatings were studied on an experimental animal model: 90 Wistar rats were implanted with 6 test types of implants with various combinations of surface treatment (sand-blasting, surface treatment with a plasma torch with simultaneous application of aluminum oxide, powdered titanium, etc.) with an exposure of 1, 2 and 4 weeks. After euthanasia, a histological exa­mination of decalcified bone with Masson-Goldner trichrome staining and TRAP-histochemical reaction for osteoclasts was performed. The obtained results de­monstrated significantly higher osteoinductive properties of functional protective coatings with a more pronounced roughness (Ra>10 μm) compared to an untreated titanium surface after 2 (p<0.01) and 4 (p<0.05) weeks of implantation. The corundum ceramic coating prevented the formation of implant wear particles, hence contributed to the stabilization of the newly formed bone. Therefore, the use of functional protective implant coatings based on corundum ceramics can increase the survival rate of conventional titanium implants, since the combination of factors such as surface roughness, mechanical stability, and chemical inertness of coatings with corundum ceramics provides better osteoinductive properties of implant materials.
从稳定性、生物惰性和低成本的角度来看,刚玉陶瓷植入物的功能保护涂层具有广阔的应用前景。为了研究评价功能性保护涂层成骨性的组织学标准,在实验动物模型上对6种涂层进行了研究:将90只Wistar大鼠植入6种试验型种植体,采用不同的表面处理组合(喷砂、等离子炬表面处理、同时应用氧化铝、钛粉等),暴露时间分别为1、2、4周。安乐死后对脱钙骨进行Masson-Goldner三色染色和破骨细胞trap组化反应的组织学检查。结果表明,在植入2周(p<0.01)和4周(p<0.05)后,功能保护涂层的骨诱导性能显著提高,表面粗糙度(Ra>10 μm)显著高于未处理的钛表面。刚玉陶瓷涂层防止了种植体磨损颗粒的形成,从而有助于新形成的骨的稳定。因此,基于刚玉陶瓷的功能性保护种植体涂层可以提高传统钛种植体的成活率,因为刚玉陶瓷涂层的表面粗糙度、机械稳定性和化学惰性等因素的综合作用使种植体材料具有更好的骨诱导性能。
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引用次数: 2
Hemodynamic load on the intracranial arterial system in subjects who have suffered a hemorrhagic stroke as a complication of essential arterial hypertension 颅内动脉系统的血流动力学负荷在受试者遭受出血性中风作为原发性动脉高血压的并发症
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241957
V. Netiazhenko, O. Tkachyshyn
The aim of the investigation was to compare a hemodynamic load on the intracranial arterial system, assessed by the indices of 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and ultrasonography of the large cervical arteries between the group of patients with essential arterial hypertension in ≥6 months after a hemorrhagic stroke and a group of patients with essential arterial hypertension without complications. The first one was the main group (n=94; age – 54.4±0.9 years), М±m), the second one – the comparison group (n=104; age – 53.7±0.9 years). The indices of 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the main group and the comparison group were the following: the mean daytime systolic blood pressure was 109.6±1.6 and 121.1±1.1 mm Hg, the minimal one was 74.4±2.0 mm Hg and 82.3±12.5 mm Hg, and the maximal one was 168.2±1.9 and 161.9±1.7 mm Hg, p<0.05. The daytime systolic blood pressure sigma (17.9±0.6) and the average real variability of systolic blood pressure (11.31±2.52 mm Hg) were bigger in the main group (p<0.01). The daytime index of hyperbaric load of systolic blood pressure was bigger in the main group: it was 403.6±25.9 against 231.7±12.1 mm Hg × h in the comparison group (p<0.01). The maximal pulse pressure for a 24-hours interval was 74.2±2.0 and 66.4±0.9 mm Hg, respectively (p<0.01). The indices of ultrasonography of the large cervical arteries in the right and left vessels of the main group were the following: the Gosling's pulsatility index was 1.578±0.059 and 1.552±0.042 for the common carotid artery, 1.210±0.044 and 1.102±0.037 for the internal carotid artery, 1.191±0.030 and 1.150±0.023 for the vertebral artery. The above-mentioned indices were bigger in the main group than in the comparison one (p<0.01). The diameters of all the large cervical arteries were bigger in the main group (p<0.01). Therefore, according to the above-mentioned indices which are associated with a bigger risk of cerebrovascular events, a bigger hemodynamic load on the intracranial arterial system was found in the main group than in the comparison one, despite the smaller mean systolic blood pressure indices.
本研究的目的是比较出血性卒中后≥6个月的原发性动脉高血压患者组和无并发症的原发性动脉高血压患者组之间,通过24小时动态血压监测和颈大动脉超声指标来评估颅内动脉系统的血流动力学负荷。第一组为主要组(n=94;年龄- 54.4±0.9岁),М±m),第二组-对照组(n=104;年龄- 53.7±0.9岁)。主组和对照组24小时动态血压监测指标:白天收缩压平均值分别为109.6±1.6和121.1±1.1 mm Hg,最小值分别为74.4±2.0和82.3±12.5 mm Hg,最大值分别为168.2±1.9和161.9±1.7 mm Hg, p<0.05。日间收缩压sigma(17.9±0.6)和平均真实变异性收缩压(11.31±2.52 mm Hg)显著高于对照组(p<0.01)。白天收缩压高压负荷指数主要组为403.6±25.9,对照组为231.7±12.1 mm Hg × h (p<0.01)。24h最大脉压分别为74.2±2.0 mm Hg和66.4±0.9 mm Hg (p<0.01)。主组颈大动脉左右血管超声指标:颈总动脉高斯林脉搏指数为1.578±0.059、1.552±0.042,颈内动脉高斯林脉搏指数为1.210±0.044、1.102±0.037,椎动脉高斯林脉搏指数为1.191±0.030、1.150±0.023。主组以上指标均大于对照组(p<0.01)。主组颈大动脉直径均大于对照组(p<0.01)。因此,根据上述脑血管事件发生风险较大的相关指标,主组颅内动脉系统血流动力学负荷明显大于对照组,但平均收缩压指标较小。
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引用次数: 0
Patient safety culture in health care facilities in Ukraine (message 1) 乌克兰卫生保健设施中的患者安全文化(信息1)
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.242257
A. Yavorovsky, M. Rygan, A. N. Naumenko, Yu.N. Skaletsky, S. Gichka, A. Ivanko, R. Brukhno, A. Gorval
Using a questionnaire from the United States Agency for Research and Quality in Health Care (AHRQ), the characteristics of patient safety (PS) culture in the staff of various health care facilities (HCF) in Ukraine were analyzed. In addition, the characteristics of PS culture were analyzed depending on the length of service and affiliation of the respondents to the medical or nursing staff, as well as the profile of therapeutic or surgical activities. It is established that the weakness of the PS culture of the staff of domestic HCF is "Reaction to mistakes" (less than 30% of positive responses), which indicates the predominance of culture of accusation (unfair culture) in Ukrainian HCF and as a consequence fears of the staff to disclose mistakes and accordingly, the lack of opportunity to learn from these mistakes.“Staffing” is identified as a weakness of the PS culture (less than 50% of positive responses) in most comparison groups. It is worth noting such a characteristic of the culture of BP, as the "Frequency of error messages" (less than 70% of positive responses). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient in all groups of respondents ranged from 0.62 to 0.78, which indicates the truth of the results of the study.
使用美国卫生保健研究和质量机构(AHRQ)的问卷,分析了乌克兰各卫生保健机构(HCF)工作人员的患者安全(PS)文化特征。此外,还分析了PS文化的特征,这取决于受访者的服务年限和对医疗或护理人员的隶属关系,以及治疗或手术活动的概况。研究发现,国内HCF员工PS文化的弱点是“对错误的反应”(不到30%的积极回应),这表明乌克兰HCF中指责文化(不公平文化)的优势,导致员工害怕披露错误,从而缺乏从这些错误中学习的机会。在大多数比较组中,“人员配置”被认为是PS文化的一个弱点(少于50%的积极回应)。值得注意的是BP文化的一个特点,即“错误信息的频率”(少于70%的积极回应)。所有被调查者的Cronbach’s alpha系数在0.62 ~ 0.78之间,表明研究结果的真实性。
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引用次数: 1
Electromyographic features of the perineum and pelvic floor in patients with an artificial bladder 人工膀胱患者会阴和盆底的肌电图特征
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241930
R. Savchuk, F. Kostyev, S. Golovko, Y. Dekhtiar, K. Zalyva
Aim – to assess the electromyographic features of the pelvic floor muscles and the sphincter apparatus in patients who underwent radical cystprostatectomy with the formation of an artificial bladder.The main study group consisted of 57 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer who underwent a standard radical cystprostatectomy with ileocystoplasty. The study of the pelvic floor muscular bioelectric activity with computed electromyography (EMG) of the sphincter apparatus of the pelvic organs was carried out on a 2-channel computer electromyograph "NeuroTrac ™ MyoPlus4". The obtained results of the study of the bioelectric activity of the pelvic floor muscles showed a decrease in the amplitude of contractions in the Work Average mode by 42.1% (p≤0.001) for the perineal electrode, and by 35.7% (p≤0.05) for the rectal electrode, compared with the control group, which indicates a low contractility of the muscular diaphragm of the pelvis and may cause incontinence in patients with an artificial bladder. The average deviation over the entire duration of the session in Work mode in the group of patients with neobladder in channels A and B was 2.3 (p≤0.05) and 1.9 (p≤0.05) times higher, respectively, compared with control group. These data indicate an imbalance in the muscle tone of the pelvic floor in patients after extensive reconstructive intervention on the pelvic organs and can potentiate urodynamic disorders in the study group of patients. The average amplitude (Rest Average) of the activity of biopotentials in the resting state of the pelvic floor muscles along channels A and B is higher by 42.4% and 47.6% (p≤0.05), in comparison with the control group, which indicates insufficient relaxation and rest of striated muscles and sphincter. Despite the change in bioelectric potentials from the rectal electrode in the study group of patients, there were no signs of functional insufficiency of the anal sphincter, in contrast to the severity of urinary incontinence, which correlated and corresponded to the results of bioelectrical changes obtained through channels A and B, up to oscillations and loss of complete control. The EMG analysis of the pelvic floor muscles revealed characteristic changes in the biopotentials of the pelvic sphincters and indicated their relationship with the clinical features of the rehabilitation of this group of patients and the prospect of including the biofeedback method. It is a derivative form of the electromyographic signal in the treatment of incontinence in patients with neobladder.
目的:评价行根治性膀胱前列腺切除术并发人工膀胱患者盆底肌肉和括约肌的肌电图特征。主要研究组包括57例肌肉浸润性膀胱癌患者,他们接受了标准的根治性膀胱前列腺切除术和回肠成形术。采用2通道计算机肌电图“NeuroTrac™MyoPlus4”对盆腔器官括约肌进行肌电图(EMG)研究盆底肌肉生物电活动。盆底肌肉的生物电活动研究结果显示,与对照组相比,会阴电极在Work Average模式下的收缩幅度下降了42.1% (p≤0.001),直肠电极的收缩幅度下降了35.7% (p≤0.05),这表明骨盆肌隔膜收缩力较低,可能导致人工膀胱患者尿失禁。A、B通道新膀胱组在工作模式下的整个疗程平均偏差分别是对照组的2.3倍(p≤0.05)和1.9倍(p≤0.05)。这些数据表明,在盆腔器官广泛重建干预后,患者盆底肌张力失衡,并可能加剧研究组患者的尿动力学障碍。A、B通道盆底肌静息状态生物电位活动的平均振幅(Rest average)比对照组高42.4%、47.6% (p≤0.05),表明横纹肌、括约肌松弛休息不足。尽管研究组患者直肠电极的生物电电位发生了变化,但肛门括约肌没有功能不全的迹象,与尿失禁的严重程度相反,这与通过A通道和B通道获得的生物电变化结果相关并对应,直到振荡和完全失去控制。盆底肌的肌电图分析揭示了盆底括约肌生物电位的特征性变化,并指出了它们与该组患者康复的临床特征的关系以及包括生物反馈方法在内的前景。它是肌电信号在治疗新膀胱患者尿失禁中的衍生形式。
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引用次数: 0
Applying of informational model of nutrition ration calculation for compensation of energy losses of the Ukrainian Armed Forces servicemen 营养定量计算信息模型在乌克兰武装部队军人能量损失补偿中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.242249
Yu.М. Deputat, M. Gulich, V. Savytskyi, O. Ivanko, Y. Levit, O. Bogomolets
The article is devoted to the research of the problem of compensation of energy losses of servicemen doing  qualification course of the UAF Special Operations Forces as well as development of the method of promp response of the officials of food service on changing of energy losses of servicemen on different phases of qualification course by corresponding correction of their daily nutrition ration. The aim of work was directed for development and substantiation of informational model of nutrition ration calculation for compensation of energy losses of the Ukrainian Armed Forces servicemen. Time and tabular method of energy losses calculations, calculations of ration composition, instrumental estimations, laboratory and statistics assessments were used as methods of research. Calculations of informational model were done in Microsoft Excel 2007 functional environment. The description of informational polyparametrical model of the computational system of nutrients composition and energy value of servicemen daily nutrition ration depending on revealed energy losses doing qualification course of UAF Special Operations Forces has been presented. The model is meant for operative calculations of nutrients composition and energy value for compensation of energy losses of corresponding servicemen doing different phases of qualification course. Informational model got approval and was implemented in the UAF Special Operations Forces activities.
本文研究了联合空军特种作战部队服役人员参加资格课程时能量损失的补偿问题,并通过对服役人员日常营养定量的相应修正,建立了餐饮管理人员对服役人员参加资格课程不同阶段能量损失变化的快速响应方法。工作的目的是为了发展和充实营养定量计算的信息模型,以补偿乌克兰武装部队军人的能量损失。采用时间和表格法计算能量损失,计算定量组成,仪器估计,实验室和统计评估作为研究方法。信息模型的计算在Microsoft Excel 2007功能环境中完成。提出了基于UAF特种作战部队考核过程中暴露能量损失的军人营养成分和日营养配给能量值计算系统的信息多参数模型。该模型适用于现役军人进行不同阶段资格课程的营养成分和能量值的可操作性计算,以补偿相应军人的能量损失。信息模型得到了认可,并在UAF特种作战部队活动中实施。
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引用次数: 0
Microbiological features of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in children with Cystic Fibrosis 囊性纤维化患儿铜绿假单胞菌的微生物学特征
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.242130
Medicni Perspektivi, O. V. Ishchenko, D. Stepanskyi, Клінічна Медицина
The purpose of the study was to determine the frequency rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection among children with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Dnipro region and to provide microbiological characteristics of the obtained isolates. The study was conducting from January 2019 to December 2020. Children with genetically confirmed CF diagnosis were enrolled. The main research method was bacteriological with identification of microorganisms by biochemical properties; antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk-diffusion method. Biological material: mucus from a deep smear from the posterior pharyngeal wall, sputum and tracheobronchial lavage waters. The Leeds criteria were used to define persons with chronic infection. The study involved 21 children. We collected 183 respiratory samples with 49 isolates of P. aeruginosa. The most important co-existing pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus spp. and Candida spp. In our study, P. aeruginosa was associated with Aspergillus spp. (χ2=20.952; df=1; p˂0.001). Mucoid isolates were found in 24.49% of cases. P. aeruginosa showed variable sensitivity to different groups of antimicrobial agents, but the highest resistance was to penicillins. Mucoid P. aeruginosa was more resistant to penicillins (p˂0.001) and cephalosporins (p=0.036). Infection P. aeruginosa is frequent among children with CF; there were three children with chronic bronchopulmonary infection P. aeruginosa in Dnipro region in the end of 2020. The likelihood of Aspergillus spp. infection was higher in the case of current P. aeruginosa infection. P. aeruginosa showed variable susceptibility to different groups of antimicrobial agents, but mucoid isolates were more resistant.
本研究的目的是确定铜绿假单胞菌在第聂伯罗地区囊性纤维化(CF)儿童中的感染频率,并提供所获得的分离株的微生物学特征。该研究于2019年1月至2020年12月进行。基因证实CF诊断的儿童被纳入研究。研究方法以细菌学为主,通过生物化学特性鉴定微生物;采用纸片扩散法测定药敏。生物材料:咽后壁深涂片粘液、痰液及气管支气管灌洗液。利兹标准被用来定义慢性感染的人。这项研究涉及21名儿童。共采集呼吸道样本183份,分离到铜绿假单胞菌49株。共生病原菌以金黄色葡萄球菌、曲霉属和念珠菌属为主,铜绿假单胞菌与曲霉属存在相关性(χ2=20.952;df = 1;p˂0.001)。24.49%的病例分离出黏液样菌。铜绿假单胞菌对不同种类抗菌药物的敏感性不同,但对青霉素类抗菌药物的耐药性最高。粘液样p .铜绿假单胞菌对青霉素类药物(p小于0.001)和头孢菌素类药物(p=0.036)的耐药性更强。铜绿假单胞菌感染常见于CF患儿;2020年底,第聂伯罗地区慢性支气管肺感染铜绿假单胞菌3例。在目前铜绿假单胞菌感染的病例中,感染曲霉的可能性较高。铜绿假单胞菌对不同种类抗菌药物的敏感性不同,但粘液样菌株的耐药性较强。
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引用次数: 0
Hygienic evaluation of the most common methods of agricultural crops treatment with chemical protection products (literature review) 常用农药作物处理方法的卫生评价(文献综述)
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241913
А. Borysenko, А. Antonenko, B. Shpak, S. Omelchuk, V. Bardov
Global strategies, including application of chemical plant protection products, are important in the cultivation of safe corps and preservation of human health. A promising area of preventive medicine, agronomy, agroecology and agroengineering is the optimization of methods of pesticide formulations application. The aim of the work was a hygienic assessment of the most common and latest methods of crops treatment with chemical pesticides. Results. The biological effectiveness of different types of pesticides is achieved by different application rates of the working solution. The most common method of pesticide application is spraying, which ensures the application of pesticides in the drop-liquid state and is characterized by low consumption of active substance per unit area, variable-controlled distribution on the treatment surface, provides good adhesion and retention on facilities, allows the use of combined formulations. One of the most effective ways to minimize the negative impact of chemical plant protection products and achieve economic success is a rational approach to the choice of pesticide application, as it takes into account the hazard class of pesticides, the presence of water protection zones, the sensitivity of target crops, etc. Conclusion. Rational application of pesticides includes minimizing the overall effect of pesticides on human health and the environment and achieving high-targeted biological efficiency. Adherence to the methodology of choosing the type of pesticide application and selection of the type of spray is a key point in optimizing the rational use of chemical plant protection products, which requires a detailed study from the standpoint of both efficiency and safety. Control over compliance with the recommendations should be included in sanitary-hygienic and sanitary-ecological monitoring.
全球战略,包括化学植物保护产品的应用,在培育安全军团和维护人类健康方面是重要的。预防医学、农学、农业生态学和农业工程的一个有前途的领域是农药配方应用方法的优化。这项工作的目的是对最常见和最新的化学农药作物处理方法进行卫生评估。结果。不同类型农药的生物有效性是通过工作溶液的不同施用量来实现的。最常用的农药施用方法是喷洒,它保证了农药在滴液状态下的施用,具有单位面积活性物质消耗低,在处理表面分布可变控制,对设施具有良好的附着力和保持性,允许使用组合制剂的特点。将化学植保产品的负面影响降到最低并取得经济成功的最有效方法之一是合理选择农药的施用,因为它要考虑到农药的危害类别、水保护区的存在、目标作物的敏感性等。结论。合理使用农药包括尽量减少农药对人类健康和环境的总体影响,实现高针对性的生物效率。坚持选择农药施用类型和选择喷雾类型的方法是优化合理使用化学植保产品的关键,这需要从效率和安全的角度进行详细的研究。在卫生-卫生和卫生-生态监测中应包括对各项建议遵守情况的控制。
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引用次数: 1
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Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives)
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