Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.1163/9789004424593_002
Therese Martin
In this methodological essay, I present the fruits of research carried out by an interdisciplinary group of scholars 2016– 2018, which centered on the Treasury of San Isidoro de León, while also introducing the more wideranging comparative work going forward 2019– 2022 under the auspices of a reconfigured team. By republishing our studies in open access, we aim to reach a larger community of scholars; our longerterm goal is to move further out into the consciousness of modern society, locating for an interested general public the Leonese collection within its broader historical framework and holding it up for comparison with other significant sites. Cross-cultural luxury objects oblige a shift in the direction of our historical gaze, bringing into clear focus the many collaborations across faiths and the repeated examples of protagonism by women during the central Middle Ages.
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Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15700674-12340042
P. Patton
This article examines a wall painting of the temptation of Saint Martin in the so-called Panteón de los Reyes of San Isidoro in León, focusing on its unorthodox portrayal of Satan as an Ethiopianized, dark-skinned figure wearing a robe reflective of Fatimid textile traditions. Tracing the scene’s divergent sources within the complex network of images, texts, and ideas then circulating in León, it argues that the unusually configured image constituted an innovative, intervisual response to the concerns of a palatine viewership that in the first decades of the twelfth century remained preoccupied with its own dynastic and political position, both within the Leonese kingdom and with reference to its wider European sphere.
这篇文章检视了León圣伊西多罗的所谓Panteón de los Reyes of San Isidoro的一幅描绘圣马丁的诱惑的壁画，重点是它对撒旦的非正统描绘:一个埃塞俄比亚化的、皮肤黝黑的人物，穿着法蒂玛纺织传统的长袍。通过在León上流传的图像、文本和思想的复杂网络中追踪场景的不同来源，作者认为，在12世纪的头几十年里，无论是在莱昂王国还是在更广泛的欧洲范围内，帕拉廷观众仍然专注于自己的王朝和政治地位，而这种不同寻常的配置图像构成了一种创新的、intervisual的回应。
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Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15700674-12340040
María Judith Feliciano
The textiles currently housed in the treasury of the collegiate church of San Isidoro de León are part of a centuries-long process of collecting relics at the heart of an emblematic royal mausoleum. Instead of studying them through the prism of the “charter of 1063,” this investigation proposes a wider look at the place of luxurious textiles in Castile and León before and after the arrival of Saint Isidore’s relics. What emerges is an intricate relationship between the mythification of the city of León as a civitas regia, the Leonese monarchy’s concept of antiquity in legitimizing their rule, and the refinement associated with the royal court and its sacred performance of the cults of saints.
{"title":"Sovereign, Saint, and City: Honor and Reuse of Textiles in the Treasury of San Isidoro (León)","authors":"María Judith Feliciano","doi":"10.1163/15700674-12340040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The textiles currently housed in the treasury of the collegiate church of San Isidoro de León are part of a centuries-long process of collecting relics at the heart of an emblematic royal mausoleum. Instead of studying them through the prism of the “charter of 1063,” this investigation proposes a wider look at the place of luxurious textiles in Castile and León before and after the arrival of Saint Isidore’s relics. What emerges is an intricate relationship between the mythification of the city of León as a civitas regia, the Leonese monarchy’s concept of antiquity in legitimizing their rule, and the refinement associated with the royal court and its sacred performance of the cults of saints.","PeriodicalId":188088,"journal":{"name":"The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange (Expanded Edition)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131723912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15700674-12340043
Julie A. Harris
From the tenth to the fifteenth centuries, medieval León possessed a thriving Jewish community whose presence can be traced via archaeological and documentary remains. As regards the treasury of San Isidoro de León, however, there is no evidence for the involvement of living Jews with its luxury objects—an involvement that has been documented in comparable centers elsewhere in Iberia and Europe. Apart from a possible but unproven relationship to its textiles, a Jewish connection to the Treasury of San Isidoro remains ideological and limited to the presence of Abraham’s relics in a single treasury object. However, both living and ideological Jews can be associated with León’s cathedral, where a portion of the Jewish community’s annual taxes was earmarked to light its altars and where the sculptural program featured the blind synagogue.
{"title":"Jews, Real and Imagined, at San Isidoro de León and Beyond","authors":"Julie A. Harris","doi":"10.1163/15700674-12340043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000From the tenth to the fifteenth centuries, medieval León possessed a thriving Jewish community whose presence can be traced via archaeological and documentary remains. As regards the treasury of San Isidoro de León, however, there is no evidence for the involvement of living Jews with its luxury objects—an involvement that has been documented in comparable centers elsewhere in Iberia and Europe. Apart from a possible but unproven relationship to its textiles, a Jewish connection to the Treasury of San Isidoro remains ideological and limited to the presence of Abraham’s relics in a single treasury object. However, both living and ideological Jews can be associated with León’s cathedral, where a portion of the Jewish community’s annual taxes was earmarked to light its altars and where the sculptural program featured the blind synagogue.","PeriodicalId":188088,"journal":{"name":"The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange (Expanded Edition)","volume":"18 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114187132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15700674-12340038
Ana Rodríguez
Chronicles written in the Kingdoms of Castile and León between the reigns of Alfonso VI and Fernando III, the period of greatest expansion against al-Andalus, assert the importance of the spoils of battle and the circulation of objects between Christian and Muslim lands, and between rival Christian institutions. The chronicles’ accounts of the looting of churches by monarchs and nobles in the context of repeated internecine conflict give few details about pillaged objects. Rather, they define these pieces by materials without making note of individual characteristics; although certain objects did spark their interest, in most cases, the tales respond to the need to identify a given piece in order to construct a narrative. Their value comes not only from precious materials or the specialized work of their manufacture, but also from their ability to exemplify personal and collective virtues or defects, along with individual and family identities.
{"title":"Narrating the Treasury: What Medieval Iberian Chronicles Choose to Recount about Luxury Objects","authors":"Ana Rodríguez","doi":"10.1163/15700674-12340038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Chronicles written in the Kingdoms of Castile and León between the reigns of Alfonso VI and Fernando III, the period of greatest expansion against al-Andalus, assert the importance of the spoils of battle and the circulation of objects between Christian and Muslim lands, and between rival Christian institutions. The chronicles’ accounts of the looting of churches by monarchs and nobles in the context of repeated internecine conflict give few details about pillaged objects. Rather, they define these pieces by materials without making note of individual characteristics; although certain objects did spark their interest, in most cases, the tales respond to the need to identify a given piece in order to construct a narrative. Their value comes not only from precious materials or the specialized work of their manufacture, but also from their ability to exemplify personal and collective virtues or defects, along with individual and family identities.","PeriodicalId":188088,"journal":{"name":"The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange (Expanded Edition)","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126461867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15700674-12340039
Ana Cabrera Lafuente
This paper presents the first in-depth analysis of the textiles held by the Museo de la Real Colegiata de San Isidoro de León, providing a careful investigation of textile features and raw materials, in addition to carbon-14 dating and archival research. These new data have allowed us to redate the fabrics, placing them within their tenth- through early thirteenth-century Mediterranean and European contexts. The result is a more complex image than was previously assumed, and it offers a significant starting point for further research into the roles played by textiles in medieval Iberia.
{"title":"Textiles from the Museum of San Isidoro (León): New Evidence for Re-Evaluating Their Chronology and Provenance","authors":"Ana Cabrera Lafuente","doi":"10.1163/15700674-12340039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper presents the first in-depth analysis of the textiles held by the Museo de la Real Colegiata de San Isidoro de León, providing a careful investigation of textile features and raw materials, in addition to carbon-14 dating and archival research. These new data have allowed us to redate the fabrics, placing them within their tenth- through early thirteenth-century Mediterranean and European contexts. The result is a more complex image than was previously assumed, and it offers a significant starting point for further research into the roles played by textiles in medieval Iberia.","PeriodicalId":188088,"journal":{"name":"The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange (Expanded Edition)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129930832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15700674-12340041
J. Jasperse
In the Museo de la Real Colegiata de San Isidoro in León, Spain, an intriguing portable altar is on display. Its multicolored stone and long inscription detailing the material objects enshrined within invite an analysis of the artwork in terms of materiality and mobility. This article addresses the multiple questions raised by the altar, shifting away from a straightforward interpretation of patronage by Sancha of León-Castilla (ca. 1095–1159), whose name is inscribed on its face. Conceptualizing the altar as a multilayered object that can be placed within Sancha’s network of connections facilitates our understanding of this exotic artifact between León and the Levant.
在西班牙León的圣伊西多罗皇家学院博物馆(Museo de la Real Colegiata de San Isidoro)展出了一个有趣的便携式祭坛。它的彩色石头和长长的铭文详细说明了其中的物质对象，邀请人们从物质和流动性方面对艺术品进行分析。这篇文章解决了祭坛提出的多个问题，从León-Castilla(约1095-1159)的三查赞助的直接解释转移，他的名字刻在它的脸上。将祭坛概念化为一个多层的物体，可以放置在Sancha的连接网络中，这有助于我们理解León和黎凡特之间的异国文物。
{"title":"Between León and the Levant: The Infanta Sancha’s Altar as Material Evidence for Medieval History","authors":"J. Jasperse","doi":"10.1163/15700674-12340041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In the Museo de la Real Colegiata de San Isidoro in León, Spain, an intriguing portable altar is on display. Its multicolored stone and long inscription detailing the material objects enshrined within invite an analysis of the artwork in terms of materiality and mobility. This article addresses the multiple questions raised by the altar, shifting away from a straightforward interpretation of patronage by Sancha of León-Castilla (ca. 1095–1159), whose name is inscribed on its face. Conceptualizing the altar as a multilayered object that can be placed within Sancha’s network of connections facilitates our understanding of this exotic artifact between León and the Levant.","PeriodicalId":188088,"journal":{"name":"The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange (Expanded Edition)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129187284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15700674-12340037
Therese Martin
By focusing on San Isidoro de León in the central Middle Ages, this study investigates the multiple meanings behind the presence of objects from other cultures in a royal-monastic treasury, suggesting a reconsideration of the paths by which such pieces arrived. The development of the Isidoran collection is reexamined through a close analysis of a charter recording the 1063 donation together with early thirteenth-century writings by Lucas of Tuy. Documentary evidence is further weighed against visual analysis and technical studies of several key pieces from the medieval collection. In particular, the Beatitudes Casket (now at the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Madrid) is singled out to demonstrate how art historical, epigraphic, and historical research come together with carbon-14 testing, revealing that this object was assembled in a very different moment from those traditionally assumed.
通过关注中世纪中部的圣伊西多罗León，本研究调查了皇家修道院宝库中来自其他文化的物品存在背后的多重含义，建议重新考虑这些物品到达的路径。通过仔细分析记录1063年捐赠的宪章以及图伊的卢卡斯(Lucas of Tuy)在13世纪早期的著作，我们重新审视了伊西多兰收藏的发展。文献证据进一步权衡视觉分析和技术研究几个关键的中世纪收藏品。特别要指出的是，这尊八福之棺(现藏于马德里Arqueológico国家博物馆)被挑选出来，展示了艺术史、铭文和历史研究是如何与碳14测试结合在一起的，揭示了这件物品是在一个与传统假设截然不同的时刻组装的。
{"title":"Caskets of Silver and Ivory from Diverse Parts of the World: Strategic Collecting for an Iberian Treasury","authors":"Therese Martin","doi":"10.1163/15700674-12340037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340037","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000By focusing on San Isidoro de León in the central Middle Ages, this study investigates the multiple meanings behind the presence of objects from other cultures in a royal-monastic treasury, suggesting a reconsideration of the paths by which such pieces arrived. The development of the Isidoran collection is reexamined through a close analysis of a charter recording the 1063 donation together with early thirteenth-century writings by Lucas of Tuy. Documentary evidence is further weighed against visual analysis and technical studies of several key pieces from the medieval collection. In particular, the Beatitudes Casket (now at the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Madrid) is singled out to demonstrate how art historical, epigraphic, and historical research come together with carbon-14 testing, revealing that this object was assembled in a very different moment from those traditionally assumed.","PeriodicalId":188088,"journal":{"name":"The Medieval Iberian Treasury in the Context of Cultural Interchange (Expanded Edition)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125857821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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