Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch014
Manuel F. Olivera
Building confidence for zero emission buses has been the strategy to create demand in Latin America. A few cities have more e-buses than any other region in the world outside of China. It all started by testing hybrid and electric buses, sharing data, building innovative economic models, making site visits, and sharing results in workshops. It all occurred during the last 10 years. Institutions including development banks are now committed to assisting with the transition towards zero emission public transport in cities. A number of bus suppliers offer their technologies, most of them from China as Europe is still behind in the Latam e-bus market. Most barriers have already been broken, and confidence in the technology and the market has brought investors to the region. E-buses are key to reducing greenhouse emissions in the region, and the accelerated transition is helping cities with this challenge.
{"title":"How E-buses Took off in Latin America to Save Lives, CO2 and Money","authors":"Manuel F. Olivera","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch014","url":null,"abstract":"Building confidence for zero emission buses has been the strategy to create demand in Latin America. A few cities have more e-buses than any other region in the world outside of China. It all started by testing hybrid and electric buses, sharing data, building innovative economic models, making site visits, and sharing results in workshops. It all occurred during the last 10 years. Institutions including development banks are now committed to assisting with the transition towards zero emission public transport in cities. A number of bus suppliers offer their technologies, most of them from China as Europe is still behind in the Latam e-bus market. Most barriers have already been broken, and confidence in the technology and the market has brought investors to the region. E-buses are key to reducing greenhouse emissions in the region, and the accelerated transition is helping cities with this challenge.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129613467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch006
Fabian A. Koss, Giuliano D’Amico
There is not a one-size-fits-all definition of “social impact.” In fact, in a Google search for “What is social impact?” more than 400 results appear. This chapter will highlight global initiatives led by OneSight, an NGO that is utilizing new technologies to combat the vision care crisis, and CanopyLAB, a software company that has teamed up with over 120 NGOs around the world to create and provide online courses utilizing artificial intelligence.
{"title":"The Knowledge Economy and Social Impact","authors":"Fabian A. Koss, Giuliano D’Amico","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch006","url":null,"abstract":"There is not a one-size-fits-all definition of “social impact.” In fact, in a Google search for “What is social impact?” more than 400 results appear. This chapter will highlight global initiatives led by OneSight, an NGO that is utilizing new technologies to combat the vision care crisis, and CanopyLAB, a software company that has teamed up with over 120 NGOs around the world to create and provide online courses utilizing artificial intelligence.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127219444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch010
Olfa Boussetta, Najeh Aissaoui, Fethi Sellaouti
The growing interest in the knowledge economy raises many questions about its effect on economic growth. The study aims to position a set of MENA countries in the context of the knowledge economy compared to developed countries. It also detects theoretically and empirically the knowledge effect on economic growth. To do this, the authors have estimated an endogenous growth model, using the dynamic panel data technique, for a sample of 16 MENA countries over 1995-2014. The results show that, despite the significant improvements that have registered in the knowledge economy pillars, the selected countries are still lagging compared to developed countries. Far from international comparisons, the internal effects of these knowledge pillars (education, innovation, ICT, institutional regime) on growth are positive and highly significant.
{"title":"MENA Countries Face the Challenge of the Knowledge-Based Economy","authors":"Olfa Boussetta, Najeh Aissaoui, Fethi Sellaouti","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch010","url":null,"abstract":"The growing interest in the knowledge economy raises many questions about its effect on economic growth. The study aims to position a set of MENA countries in the context of the knowledge economy compared to developed countries. It also detects theoretically and empirically the knowledge effect on economic growth. To do this, the authors have estimated an endogenous growth model, using the dynamic panel data technique, for a sample of 16 MENA countries over 1995-2014. The results show that, despite the significant improvements that have registered in the knowledge economy pillars, the selected countries are still lagging compared to developed countries. Far from international comparisons, the internal effects of these knowledge pillars (education, innovation, ICT, institutional regime) on growth are positive and highly significant.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131606302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch013
José Carlos Gobbis Pagliuca, Marta C. R. B. Suarez
Faced with the objective of carrying out environmental education campaigns and arousing the attention of Sao Bernardo do Campo´s residents to the correct disposal of used cooking oil, in 2019 a cooperation agreement between the Municipality of Sao Bernardo do Campo and the Triangulo Institute aiming at recycling used cooking oil was signed. The collection execution began with the installation of the used cooking oil voluntary delivery points. Before the installation, the awareness and training of the team involved in the receiving activity was carried out; in addition, it is important after the collection to pack, transport, and dispose of the oil.
{"title":"Used Cooking Oil Campaign Experience in São Bernardo do Campo City","authors":"José Carlos Gobbis Pagliuca, Marta C. R. B. Suarez","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch013","url":null,"abstract":"Faced with the objective of carrying out environmental education campaigns and arousing the attention of Sao Bernardo do Campo´s residents to the correct disposal of used cooking oil, in 2019 a cooperation agreement between the Municipality of Sao Bernardo do Campo and the Triangulo Institute aiming at recycling used cooking oil was signed. The collection execution began with the installation of the used cooking oil voluntary delivery points. Before the installation, the awareness and training of the team involved in the receiving activity was carried out; in addition, it is important after the collection to pack, transport, and dispose of the oil.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121241386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch004
C. S. Smit Sibinga, Y. Abdella
The chapter will provide a global situation analysis, describe the key elements of knowledge economy in the healthcare and transfusion medicine field, and analyze the impact of the knowledge economy on the pace of development progress of national blood supply and transfusion structures. The authors will provide examples to illustrate the case of applying knowledge economy principles to advance the safety and availability of blood products in clinical healthcare and hence the economy of care. Recommendations on how to improve will be described.
{"title":"Knowledge Economy and Its Impact on the Development Progress of Transfusion Medicine in Poor Economic Nations","authors":"C. S. Smit Sibinga, Y. Abdella","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch004","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter will provide a global situation analysis, describe the key elements of knowledge economy in the healthcare and transfusion medicine field, and analyze the impact of the knowledge economy on the pace of development progress of national blood supply and transfusion structures. The authors will provide examples to illustrate the case of applying knowledge economy principles to advance the safety and availability of blood products in clinical healthcare and hence the economy of care. Recommendations on how to improve will be described.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124826380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch001
D. Piaggesi, H. Landázuri, Bo Jia
The results of the Brazilian Census 2010 show that of a total population of 193 million people, approximately 46 million people of Brazil's total population have some kind of disability. Brazil is one of the world's leading IT markets and the largest IT market in Latin America. This chapter presents a program started by the Government of the State of Sao Paulo through its Secretariat for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (SEDPcD) in 2013 that aims to promote the rehabilitation and social inclusion of persons with disabilities. Adopting the application of the concept and instruments of the knowledge economy as core strategy and through the application of ICT-based assistive technologies, the program develops solutions to a level where they can be applied massively in a cost-effective way.
{"title":"Technology Innovation for Persons With Disabilities in Brazil","authors":"D. Piaggesi, H. Landázuri, Bo Jia","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch001","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the Brazilian Census 2010 show that of a total population of 193 million people, approximately 46 million people of Brazil's total population have some kind of disability. Brazil is one of the world's leading IT markets and the largest IT market in Latin America. This chapter presents a program started by the Government of the State of Sao Paulo through its Secretariat for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (SEDPcD) in 2013 that aims to promote the rehabilitation and social inclusion of persons with disabilities. Adopting the application of the concept and instruments of the knowledge economy as core strategy and through the application of ICT-based assistive technologies, the program develops solutions to a level where they can be applied massively in a cost-effective way.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132297838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch015
María Jesús Garcia García García
The protective actions of restoration, especially when they affect urban spaces formally declared as areas of restoration, must have an urban reflection and be projected and reflected in the corresponding planning and management techniques. Planning legislation provides the instruments (plans) and the proper techniques to make urban planning adjusted to the parameters of the restoration performing actions that seek to promote the rational use of the natural and cultural resources, in particular the territory, the soil, and the urban and architectural heritage that are the support, the object, and the scene of the quality of life.
{"title":"Local Perspectives of Sustainable Urbanism","authors":"María Jesús Garcia García García","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch015","url":null,"abstract":"The protective actions of restoration, especially when they affect urban spaces formally declared as areas of restoration, must have an urban reflection and be projected and reflected in the corresponding planning and management techniques. Planning legislation provides the instruments (plans) and the proper techniques to make urban planning adjusted to the parameters of the restoration performing actions that seek to promote the rational use of the natural and cultural resources, in particular the territory, the soil, and the urban and architectural heritage that are the support, the object, and the scene of the quality of life.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123828675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch011
Yu Poshan, Haiyue Gu, Yue Zhao, Aashrika Ahuja
With the acceleration of the digital transformation and technological upgradation of various industries, in the wake of application of new technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, and the internet of things, the demand for data storage, computing, transmission, and applications has greatly increased. Remote working, remote education, and e-commerce on account of the pandemic have led to a drastic increase in data consumption as well. The processing and analysis of massive data requires the construction of an information infrastructure—Internet Data Center (IDC). In the past few years, China's government has been dedicating itself to the task of constructing IDCs in some underdeveloped areas and establishing more detailed regulations. This chapter introduces some basic policies and implications behind this and a mathematical way to quantitatively analyse the investment efficiency of R&D resources in China's different regions. Several recommendations for the government and the society at large have also been outlined in this chapter for improvement in the whole ecosystem for IDCs in China.
{"title":"Digital Transformation Driven by Internet Data Center","authors":"Yu Poshan, Haiyue Gu, Yue Zhao, Aashrika Ahuja","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"With the acceleration of the digital transformation and technological upgradation of various industries, in the wake of application of new technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, and the internet of things, the demand for data storage, computing, transmission, and applications has greatly increased. Remote working, remote education, and e-commerce on account of the pandemic have led to a drastic increase in data consumption as well. The processing and analysis of massive data requires the construction of an information infrastructure—Internet Data Center (IDC). In the past few years, China's government has been dedicating itself to the task of constructing IDCs in some underdeveloped areas and establishing more detailed regulations. This chapter introduces some basic policies and implications behind this and a mathematical way to quantitatively analyse the investment efficiency of R&D resources in China's different regions. Several recommendations for the government and the society at large have also been outlined in this chapter for improvement in the whole ecosystem for IDCs in China.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131196871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch002
JoAnn Denise Rolle
For generations, humanity has experienced socioeconomic disparities that are yet unresolved. Although education and training have transformed some individuals in society, they have not addressed the broader issues of sustainable employment for many underserved communities. Governments, corporations, policymakers, and numerous stakeholders have continued to address the problem, yielding disappointing results. Growing inequality in society continues to be a major concern. Vertical inequalities between the poor and the rich and horizontal inequalities between various groups of society have remained high for centuries. This chapter focuses on a variety of individual elements that outline the current challenges to humanity in an unequal society that certain communities continue to face, citing an unsustainable environment. Inequality and degradation negatively impact the future of work. Efforts continue to advance the future of work as a progressive, stable, and welcoming environment without the need for underserved communities to be marginalized.
{"title":"Visions of a More Sustainable Future of Work for the Underserved","authors":"JoAnn Denise Rolle","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch002","url":null,"abstract":"For generations, humanity has experienced socioeconomic disparities that are yet unresolved. Although education and training have transformed some individuals in society, they have not addressed the broader issues of sustainable employment for many underserved communities. Governments, corporations, policymakers, and numerous stakeholders have continued to address the problem, yielding disappointing results. Growing inequality in society continues to be a major concern. Vertical inequalities between the poor and the rich and horizontal inequalities between various groups of society have remained high for centuries. This chapter focuses on a variety of individual elements that outline the current challenges to humanity in an unequal society that certain communities continue to face, citing an unsustainable environment. Inequality and degradation negatively impact the future of work. Efforts continue to advance the future of work as a progressive, stable, and welcoming environment without the need for underserved communities to be marginalized.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123052033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch012
D. Piaggesi, H. Landázuri, Bo Jia
Colombia's economy is the fourth largest in Latin America. Though there has been significant growth in modern industries, most industries are still driven by agriculture and commodities. The main challenges Colombian industries face include becoming more energy-efficient, modernizing processes and organizational structures, and reducing their environmental impact. In the meantime, the Republic of Korea has made significant efforts to fuel its economy through innovation, and there is also a similarity in terms of both countries' interest and commitment to use ICT as a basis for their growth. This chapter presents a project that is a pilot test of adaptive transfer of “green” ICT technology innovation developed by specialized agencies/private sector in the Republic of Korea, to be applied to a host of Colombian industrial sectors volunteering to participate with the purpose of improving production through environmentally friendly technology.
{"title":"Green Technology for Industrial Development in Colombia","authors":"D. Piaggesi, H. Landázuri, Bo Jia","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"Colombia's economy is the fourth largest in Latin America. Though there has been significant growth in modern industries, most industries are still driven by agriculture and commodities. The main challenges Colombian industries face include becoming more energy-efficient, modernizing processes and organizational structures, and reducing their environmental impact. In the meantime, the Republic of Korea has made significant efforts to fuel its economy through innovation, and there is also a similarity in terms of both countries' interest and commitment to use ICT as a basis for their growth. This chapter presents a project that is a pilot test of adaptive transfer of “green” ICT technology innovation developed by specialized agencies/private sector in the Republic of Korea, to be applied to a host of Colombian industrial sectors volunteering to participate with the purpose of improving production through environmentally friendly technology.","PeriodicalId":188456,"journal":{"name":"Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123449370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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