Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01030-0
Gregory B. Lim
In the REDUCE-AMI trial, the use of β-blockers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) who have undergone early coronary angiography and have a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction did not reduce the risk of death or new MI compared with no β-blocker use.
{"title":"No benefit of β-blockers after myocardial infarction with preserved ejection fraction","authors":"Gregory B. Lim","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01030-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01030-0","url":null,"abstract":"In the REDUCE-AMI trial, the use of β-blockers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) who have undergone early coronary angiography and have a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction did not reduce the risk of death or new MI compared with no β-blocker use.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 6","pages":"354-354"},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140637691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01027-9
Karina Huynh
In patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis and a small aortic annulus, a self-expanding valve has similar rates of clinical outcomes at 1 year and lower rates of bioprosthetic dysfunction compared with a balloon-expandable valve.
{"title":"Self-expanding valves more beneficial than balloon-expandable valves in patients with a small aortic annulus","authors":"Karina Huynh","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01027-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01027-9","url":null,"abstract":"In patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis and a small aortic annulus, a self-expanding valve has similar rates of clinical outcomes at 1 year and lower rates of bioprosthetic dysfunction compared with a balloon-expandable valve.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 6","pages":"356-356"},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01026-w
Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A new study identifies a group of gut bacteria that can metabolize cholesterol and are associated with lower plasma cholesterol levels.
一项新的研究发现，有一类肠道细菌可以代谢胆固醇，并与降低血浆胆固醇水平有关。
{"title":"Gut bacteria can break down cholesterol","authors":"Irene Fernández-Ruiz","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01026-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01026-w","url":null,"abstract":"A new study identifies a group of gut bacteria that can metabolize cholesterol and are associated with lower plasma cholesterol levels.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 6","pages":"357-357"},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140556643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, and atherosclerosis is the major contributor to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Immune responses have a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with the complement system being an acknowledged contributor. Chronic activation of liver-derived and serum-circulating canonical complement sustains endothelial inflammation and innate immune cell activation, and deposition of complement activation fragments on inflamed endothelial cells is a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques. However, increasing evidence indicates that liver-independent, cell-autonomous and non-canonical complement activities are underappreciated contributors to atherosclerosis. Furthermore, complement activation can also have atheroprotective properties. These specific detrimental or beneficial contributions of the complement system to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are dictated by the location of complement activation and engagement of its canonical versus non-canonical functions in a temporal fashion during atherosclerosis progression. In this Review, we summarize the classical and the emerging non-classical roles of the complement system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and discuss potential strategies for therapeutic modulation of complement for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this Review, Kemper and colleagues discuss the canonical and non-canonical roles of the complement system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and discuss potential new therapeutic strategies targeting the complement system for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
{"title":"Canonical and non-canonical roles of complement in atherosclerosis","authors":"Pasquale Maffia, Claudio Mauro, Ayden Case, Claudia Kemper","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01016-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01016-y","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, and atherosclerosis is the major contributor to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Immune responses have a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with the complement system being an acknowledged contributor. Chronic activation of liver-derived and serum-circulating canonical complement sustains endothelial inflammation and innate immune cell activation, and deposition of complement activation fragments on inflamed endothelial cells is a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques. However, increasing evidence indicates that liver-independent, cell-autonomous and non-canonical complement activities are underappreciated contributors to atherosclerosis. Furthermore, complement activation can also have atheroprotective properties. These specific detrimental or beneficial contributions of the complement system to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are dictated by the location of complement activation and engagement of its canonical versus non-canonical functions in a temporal fashion during atherosclerosis progression. In this Review, we summarize the classical and the emerging non-classical roles of the complement system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and discuss potential strategies for therapeutic modulation of complement for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this Review, Kemper and colleagues discuss the canonical and non-canonical roles of the complement system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and discuss potential new therapeutic strategies targeting the complement system for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 11","pages":"743-761"},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-024-01016-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140541372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01017-x
Nicholas S. Wilcox, Uri Amit, Jacob B. Reibel, Eva Berlin, Kendyl Howell, Bonnie Ky
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, and these conditions are increasingly recognized to be fundamentally interconnected. In this Review, we present the current epidemiological data for each of the modifiable risk factors shared by the two diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, diet, physical activity and the social determinants of health. We then review the epidemiological data demonstrating the increased risk of CVD in patients with cancer, as well as the increased risk of cancer in patients with CVD. We also discuss the shared mechanisms implicated in the development of these conditions, highlighting their inherent bidirectional relationship. We conclude with a perspective on future research directions for the field of cardio-oncology to advance the care of patients with CVD and cancer. Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) have an increased risk of cancer, and patients with cancer have an increased risk of CVD. In this Review, the authors discuss the shared modifiable risk factors and the shared pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the bidirectional relationship between these two prevalent diseases.
{"title":"Cardiovascular disease and cancer: shared risk factors and mechanisms","authors":"Nicholas S. Wilcox, Uri Amit, Jacob B. Reibel, Eva Berlin, Kendyl Howell, Bonnie Ky","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01017-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01017-x","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, and these conditions are increasingly recognized to be fundamentally interconnected. In this Review, we present the current epidemiological data for each of the modifiable risk factors shared by the two diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, diet, physical activity and the social determinants of health. We then review the epidemiological data demonstrating the increased risk of CVD in patients with cancer, as well as the increased risk of cancer in patients with CVD. We also discuss the shared mechanisms implicated in the development of these conditions, highlighting their inherent bidirectional relationship. We conclude with a perspective on future research directions for the field of cardio-oncology to advance the care of patients with CVD and cancer. Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) have an increased risk of cancer, and patients with cancer have an increased risk of CVD. In this Review, the authors discuss the shared modifiable risk factors and the shared pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the bidirectional relationship between these two prevalent diseases.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 9","pages":"617-631"},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140541402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x
Alexander Maier, Abraham J. P. Teunissen, Sheqouia A. Nauta, Esther Lutgens, Zahi A. Fayad, Mandy M. T. van Leent
Assessing atherosclerosis severity is essential for precise patient stratification. Specifically, there is a need to identify patients with residual inflammation because these patients remain at high risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, can have an essential role in this context. PET imaging can indicate tissue-based disease status, detect early molecular changes and provide whole-body information. Advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics continue to help to decipher the complex pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inform the development of imaging tracers. Concomitant advances in tracer synthesis methods and PET imaging technology provide future possibilities for atherosclerosis imaging. In this Review, we summarize the latest developments in PET imaging techniques and technologies for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and discuss the relationship between imaging readouts and transcriptomics-based plaque phenotyping. In this Review, van Leent and colleagues provide an overview of current PET imaging approaches for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as of whole-body PET applications; discuss the link between imaging readouts and atherosclerotic plaque pathology; and highlight promising developments in PET systems and radiotracer synthesis.
评估动脉粥样硬化的严重程度对于对患者进行精确分层至关重要。具体来说，有必要识别残留炎症的患者，因为这些患者尽管对心血管风险因素进行了最佳管理，但仍有发生心血管事件的高风险。在这种情况下，PET 等分子成像技术可以发挥重要作用。PET 成像可以显示基于组织的疾病状态，检测早期分子变化，并提供全身信息。分子生物学和生物信息学的进步不断帮助人们破解动脉粥样硬化复杂的发病机制，并为成像示踪剂的开发提供信息。示踪剂合成方法和 PET 成像技术的同步发展为动脉粥样硬化成像提供了未来的可能性。在本综述中，我们总结了用于评估动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的 PET 成像技术的最新进展，并讨论了成像读数与基于转录组学的斑块表型之间的关系。
{"title":"Uncovering atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by PET imaging","authors":"Alexander Maier, Abraham J. P. Teunissen, Sheqouia A. Nauta, Esther Lutgens, Zahi A. Fayad, Mandy M. T. van Leent","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing atherosclerosis severity is essential for precise patient stratification. Specifically, there is a need to identify patients with residual inflammation because these patients remain at high risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, can have an essential role in this context. PET imaging can indicate tissue-based disease status, detect early molecular changes and provide whole-body information. Advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics continue to help to decipher the complex pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inform the development of imaging tracers. Concomitant advances in tracer synthesis methods and PET imaging technology provide future possibilities for atherosclerosis imaging. In this Review, we summarize the latest developments in PET imaging techniques and technologies for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and discuss the relationship between imaging readouts and transcriptomics-based plaque phenotyping. In this Review, van Leent and colleagues provide an overview of current PET imaging approaches for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as of whole-body PET applications; discuss the link between imaging readouts and atherosclerotic plaque pathology; and highlight promising developments in PET systems and radiotracer synthesis.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 9","pages":"632-651"},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140349569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01019-9
Martine Gilard, William Wijns
Gilard and Wijns reflect on the life of Alain Cribier, who revolutionized the management of patients with valvular disease.
Gilard 和 Wijns 回顾了阿兰-克里比耶的一生，他彻底改变了瓣膜病患者的治疗方法。
{"title":"Alain Cribier (1945–2024)","authors":"Martine Gilard, William Wijns","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01019-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01019-9","url":null,"abstract":"Gilard and Wijns reflect on the life of Alain Cribier, who revolutionized the management of patients with valvular disease.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 6","pages":"351-351"},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-024-01019-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140343390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01022-0
Karina Huynh
After myocardial infarction, the heart secretes small extracellular vesicles with pro-neoplastic properties that can accelerate tumour growth when taken up by cancer cells.
心肌梗死后，心脏会分泌具有促新陈代谢特性的细胞外小泡，这些小泡被癌细胞吸收后会加速肿瘤生长。
{"title":"Small extracellular vesicles from the infarcted heart can promote tumour growth","authors":"Karina Huynh","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01022-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01022-0","url":null,"abstract":"After myocardial infarction, the heart secretes small extracellular vesicles with pro-neoplastic properties that can accelerate tumour growth when taken up by cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 6","pages":"358-358"},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140346303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01020-2
Jason L. Walsh, Rafail A. Kotronias, Adrian P. Banning, Giovanni Luigi De Maria
In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, the role of interventional modification of thrombi in the coronary arteries before stenting is controversial. However, innovations in stroke intervention have sparked renewed interest in thrombus modification approaches. We discuss current and emerging techniques to extract or disperse thrombi, aiming to reduce downstream embolization, microvascular obstruction and myocardial injury.
在 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死中，支架置入前对冠状动脉血栓进行介入性改造的作用存在争议。然而，中风介入治疗的创新引发了人们对血栓改造方法的新兴趣。我们讨论了提取或分散血栓的现有和新兴技术，旨在减少下游栓塞、微血管阻塞和心肌损伤。
{"title":"Interventional thrombus modification in STEMI","authors":"Jason L. Walsh, Rafail A. Kotronias, Adrian P. Banning, Giovanni Luigi De Maria","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01020-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01020-2","url":null,"abstract":"In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, the role of interventional modification of thrombi in the coronary arteries before stenting is controversial. However, innovations in stroke intervention have sparked renewed interest in thrombus modification approaches. We discuss current and emerging techniques to extract or disperse thrombi, aiming to reduce downstream embolization, microvascular obstruction and myocardial injury.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 7","pages":"435-436"},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140343409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01021-1
Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A new study identifies a hormone that is secreted by the gut in response to cholesterol absorption and can inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which prevents an increase in circulating cholesterol levels.
{"title":"A newly identified gut hormone suppresses cholesterol production in the liver","authors":"Irene Fernández-Ruiz","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01021-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01021-1","url":null,"abstract":"A new study identifies a hormone that is secreted by the gut in response to cholesterol absorption and can inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which prevents an increase in circulating cholesterol levels.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":"21 6","pages":"358-358"},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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