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2017 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (SOLI)最新文献

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Post-production analysis approach for drone delivery fleet 无人机配送机队的后期分析方法
Asma Troudi, S. Addouche, S. Dellagi, A. E. Mhamedi
This paper treats a drone delivery parcel's problematic in an urban area. The civil application of drone has been developed during these last decades especially drone delivery applications. In this paper, we focus on drone delivery application in the urban area for last-mile parcel delivery. The new issue is not only the drone design but also the logistics support of a massive fleet of drones with a mission to deliver parcels in a dense urban area. We hereby treat problematic by focusing on Logistics Support System. In this context, the commercialized drone is a considered as a system on the shelf. we propose a Post-Production Logistics Support Analysis to cover the exploitation phase of a drone delivery operator.
本文研究了无人机投递包裹在城市地区的问题。无人机的民用应用在近几十年来得到了发展,尤其是无人机的送货应用。本文主要研究了无人机在城市地区的最后一英里包裹配送应用。新的问题不仅是无人机的设计,还有大规模无人机舰队的后勤支持,这些无人机的任务是在人口稠密的城市地区运送包裹。我们在此通过关注物流支持系统来处理问题。在这种情况下,商业化的无人机被认为是一个货架上的系统。我们提出了一个生产后的物流支持分析,以涵盖无人机交付运营商的开发阶段。
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引用次数: 10
Acceleration strategies of the column generation method for the crew scheduling problem 乘员调度问题列生成法的加速策略
M. Koháni, J. Janáček
Crew scheduling is an important optimization problem in the railway industry. In last decades, the extension of computational resources made it feasible to address real-life problems generating large-scale set covering problems. Broadly used is the concept of shift frames, which is well suited current practice of several railway operators. In the case when the problem is described by one complete model, which covers all characteristics of the crew scheduling problem, it may lead to a large linear programming problem formulation, which can attack the limits of a common IP-solver. To overcome this obstacle, column generation technique can be used. Column generation technique can reduce the size of solved model. Despite the fact that it cannot find the optimal solution, it can enable to solve larger instances. In this contribution we explain the concept of frames used in design of periodic timetable and analyze the property of the particular frame networks. We explain the column generating principle in connection with the crew scheduling problem. We present improving methods to accelerate the column generation method that are able to find solution of the solved sub-problem faster and different strategies of producing the initial collections of columns, which enable to make the column generation process more effective. Although the computational time in the scheduling problems is not an critical issue, the reduce of the computational time can enable to use this method in the decision supporting tool for the crew schedule design under practical conditions, especially in large scale problems. To test proposed improvements we use various benchmarks of real problems from crew scheduling in railway transportation systems.
班组调度是铁路行业一个重要的优化问题。在过去的几十年里,计算资源的扩展使得解决产生大规模集合覆盖问题的现实问题成为可能。广泛使用的是移位框架的概念,它非常适合目前一些铁路运营商的做法。当问题被一个完整的模型描述时,该模型涵盖了机组调度问题的所有特征,这可能导致一个庞大的线性规划问题公式,这可能会攻击普通ip求解器的极限。为了克服这个障碍,可以使用柱生成技术。柱生成技术可以减小求解模型的尺寸。尽管它不能找到最优解,但它可以解决更大的实例。在这篇文章中,我们解释了周期时间表设计中使用的框架概念,并分析了特定框架网络的性质。结合机组调度问题,阐述了列生成原理。我们提出了加速列生成方法的改进方法,能够更快地找到已解子问题的解,并提出了不同的生成列初始集合的策略,使列生成过程更加有效。虽然调度问题的计算时间不是关键问题,但计算时间的减少可以使该方法在实际情况下,特别是在大规模问题中,应用于船员调度设计的决策支持工具中。为了测试提出的改进,我们使用了铁路运输系统中机组调度实际问题的各种基准。
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引用次数: 4
An auction-based approach for the coordination of vehicles in automated warehouse systems 基于拍卖的自动化仓库系统车辆协调方法
F. Basile, P. Chiacchio, E. D. Marino
Automated warehouse systems play a key role in manufacturing systems and are currently controlled using hierarchical and centralized control architectures. The Interface system between the picking and storage area represents the most critical subsystem in automated warehouse systems and needs breakdown robustness and scalability. These requirements suggests the development of decentralized control solutions. However, the development of effective decentralized control solutions for these systems, which requires the coordination of vehicles moving along a monodimensional guide-path, is still a complex task. At this aim, an agent based approach using a sealed-bid auction mechanism is proposed in this paper.
自动化仓库系统在制造系统中起着关键作用,目前使用分层和集中控制体系结构进行控制。拣货区与存储区之间的接口系统是自动化仓库系统中最关键的子系统,它需要健壮性和可扩展性。这些要求建议开发分散控制解决方案。然而,为这些系统开发有效的分散控制解决方案仍然是一项复杂的任务,因为这些系统需要车辆沿着一维引导路径进行协调。为此,本文提出了一种基于代理的密封竞价拍卖方法。
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引用次数: 5
Online scheduling of a fleet of autonomous vehicles using agent-based procurement auctions 使用基于代理的采购拍卖的自动驾驶车队的在线调度
Meghana Madhyastha, Sriveda Chevuru Reddy, Shrisha Rao
We propose a novel distributed approach for the problem of scheduling a fleet of autonomous vehicles. Our distributed system avoids a single point of failure, is scalable, fault tolerant and robust. We describe an agent-based distributed system to conduct a set of procurement auctions. The vehicles are the “sellers” and the passengers are the “buyers” in the auction. Each vehicle bids for the passengers with a bid value which is an inverse function of the time it would take the vehicle to reach the passenger. In our agent based architecture, the various software agents reside on different systems and we describe distributed algorithms for their communication. We have performed simulations of a vehicle fleet in two different locations (Bangalore, India and Tyson's Corner, Virginia, USA) and compare the maximum and average waiting times of the passenger of our algorithm with a FIFO algorithm. We also compute the ratio of the time in which the vehicle is servicing a passenger to the total time to compute the fuel wastage. The results show that our system improves the maximum and average waiting times of the passengers, as well as the fuel costs for the vehicle fleet. Furthermore, we show that such a distributed system reduces the time it would take on average to respond to customer requests, as compared to a system which is not distributed.
我们提出了一种新的分布式方法来解决自动驾驶车队的调度问题。我们的分布式系统避免了单点故障,具有可扩展性、容错性和健壮性。我们描述了一个基于代理的分布式系统来进行一组采购拍卖。在拍卖中,车辆是“卖家”,乘客是“买家”。每辆车都为乘客出价,出价值是车辆到达乘客所需时间的反函数。在我们的基于代理的体系结构中,各种软件代理驻留在不同的系统上,我们描述了用于它们通信的分布式算法。我们在两个不同的地点(印度班加罗尔和美国弗吉尼亚州泰森角)对车队进行了模拟,并将我们的算法与FIFO算法的乘客的最大和平均等待时间进行了比较。我们还计算车辆为乘客提供服务的时间与计算燃料浪费的总时间的比率。结果表明,我们的系统改善了乘客的最长等待时间和平均等待时间,以及车队的燃料成本。此外,我们表明,与非分布式系统相比,这种分布式系统减少了响应客户请求的平均时间。
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引用次数: 4
Effective data curation for frequently asked questions 针对常见问题的有效数据管理
Kohtaroh Miyamoto, Akira Koseki, Masaki Ohno
Frequently-asked-question (FAQ) systems are effective in operating and reducing costs of IT services. Basically, FAQ data preparation requires data curation of available heterogeneous question-and-answer (QA) data sets and creating FAQ clusters. We identified that the labor intensiveness of data curation is a major problem and that it strongly affects the final FAQ output quality. To deal with this problem, we designed a FAQ creation system with a strong focus on the effectiveness of its data-curation component. We conducted a field study by inspecting two sources: incident reports and a QA forum. The first source of incident reports showed a high F-score of 89.9% (precision: 82.5%, recall: 100%). We also applied the same set of parameters to 300 entries of the QA forum and achieved an F-score of 94.3% (precision: 94.9%, recall: 93.8%).
常见问题解答系统在操作和降低IT服务成本方面是有效的。基本上,FAQ数据准备需要对可用的异构问答(QA)数据集进行数据管理,并创建FAQ集群。我们发现,数据管理的劳动强度是一个主要问题,它强烈影响最终FAQ输出的质量。为了解决这个问题,我们设计了一个FAQ创建系统,重点关注其数据管理组件的有效性。我们通过检查两个来源进行了实地研究:事件报告和QA论坛。事件报告的第一个来源显示出高达89.9%的f分(准确率:82.5%,召回率:100%)。我们还将相同的参数集应用于300个QA论坛条目,并获得了94.3%的f分(精度:94.9%,召回率:93.8%)。
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引用次数: 3
Logistics in omni-channel retailing: Modelling and analysis of three distribution configurations 全渠道零售中的物流:三种分销配置的建模与分析
G. Marchet, M. Melacini, S. Perotti, Monica Rasini, Elena Tappia
The growing importance of the online channel and the increased deployment of new technologies such as smart mobile devices and social networks create new opportunities and challenges for traditional retailers. The retailing industry is moving to a new phase, in which the distinctions between traditional and online channels disappear, namely omni-channel (OC) retailing. The new challenge is to understand how multiple channels can be synergistically managed to provide a seamless customer experience. In OC retailing, logistics represents a key success factor due to its impact on both customer service and total costs. Retailers need to define the distribution configuration for serving the online demand, making decisions on the integration level between online and traditional channels. Companies can set an ad hoc network for the online channel, or use the same network for both online and traditional channels at warehouse and/or transport levels. In this paper, we developed an assessment model of the operational costs for three distribution configurations in OC retailing. The model was also applied to a real Italian case operating in the consumer electronics industry. Results highlighted that the search for synergies between online and traditional flows in both warehouse and transport activities is important for the economic sustainability of OC systems.
在线渠道的重要性日益增加,智能移动设备和社交网络等新技术的部署不断增加,为传统零售商带来了新的机遇和挑战。零售业正在进入一个新的阶段,传统渠道和网络渠道之间的区别正在消失,即全渠道零售(OC)。新的挑战是了解如何协同管理多个渠道,以提供无缝的客户体验。在OC零售中,物流是一个关键的成功因素,因为它对客户服务和总成本都有影响。零售商需要定义满足在线需求的分销配置,决定在线与传统渠道的整合程度。公司可以为在线渠道设置一个特设网络,或者在仓库和/或运输级别为在线和传统渠道使用相同的网络。在本文中,我们建立了OC零售中三种分销配置的运营成本评估模型。该模型还应用于意大利消费电子行业的一个真实案例。结果突出表明,在仓库和运输活动中寻找在线和传统流量之间的协同作用对于OC系统的经济可持续性非常重要。
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引用次数: 8
Smart parking management in a smart city: Costs and benefits 智慧城市中的智慧停车管理:成本与收益
R. Mangiaracina, A. Tumino, G. Miragliotta, G. Salvadori
Today cities are responsible for more than 75% of waste production, 80% of emissions, and 75% of energy utilization. With regard to Europe, road transportation produces about 20% of the total CO2 emissions, out of which 40% is generated by urban mobility. It is estimated that vehicles cruising for free parking spaces cause 30% of the daily traffic congestion in an urban downtown area. In this article we attempt to show, through a simulation and an assessment model, how ITS may impact on urban parking management considering both people and freight transportation, and quantified the economic and social benefits which can be obtained. Although some benefits have been already examined by previous authors (e.g. in terms of reduction of time spent in searching a free parking spot), there is still a general lack of quantitative models able to assess the impacts of ITS technologies for urban parking. In this regard, one distinctive contribution of this article is that it combines people and freight transportation modes in a single model. First, we developed a model in order to simulate the urban parking system before and after the adoption of the Smart Parking solution. The output of the simulation model consists in the percentage reduction of the time spent by drivers of cars and vans in searching a free parking spot. Then, this percentage has been used to assess the economic and social benefits of a Smart Parking application in the City of Milan (Italy), in which the “pay and display” parking spots are provided with sensors able to communicate if the space is free or not. The analysis considers two perspectives: on the one hand the parking operator company, which can increase its revenue due to the reduction of people that do not pay for parking. On the other hand, the city-users (i.e. citizens, tourists, off-site students, etc.), who can reduce the time spent for searching a free parking spot, thus reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. The results obtained showed that these technologies would help each driver to save an average of 77.2 hours every year, 86.5 euros in fuel costs, and the entire city of Milan could reduce CO2 emissions by 44,470 tons per year (out of a total of 4,144,000 tons annually produced by road traffic in the area of Milan). In addition, these technologies help the parking operator company in improving the total revenue of around 9 million euros per year. If considering the required costs to implement the Smart Parking solution, the Discounted Payback Period for the parking operator is lower than 2 years.
今天,城市产生了超过75%的垃圾,80%的排放和75%的能源利用。就欧洲而言,道路运输产生的二氧化碳排放量约占总排放量的20%,其中40%来自城市交通。据估计,在市区,每天30%的交通拥堵都是由四处寻找免费停车位的车辆造成的。在本文中,我们试图通过模拟和评估模型来展示ITS如何影响城市停车管理,同时考虑到人员和货物运输,并量化可以获得的经济和社会效益。虽然以前的作者已经研究了一些好处(例如,在减少寻找免费停车位的时间方面),但仍然普遍缺乏能够评估ITS技术对城市停车影响的定量模型。在这方面,本文的一个独特贡献是将人和货物运输方式结合在一个模型中。首先,我们开发了一个模型来模拟采用智能停车解决方案前后的城市停车系统。仿真模型的输出是轿车和货车司机寻找免费停车位所需时间减少的百分比。然后,这个百分比被用来评估米兰市(意大利)智能停车应用程序的经济和社会效益,在这个应用程序中,“付费和显示”停车位配备了传感器,能够沟通空间是否空闲。分析考虑了两个角度:一方面是停车运营商公司,由于不停车付费的人减少,可以增加其收入。另一方面,城市用户(即市民,游客,校外学生等)可以减少寻找免费停车位的时间,从而减少燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放。结果表明,这些技术将帮助每位驾驶员每年平均节省77.2小时,节省86.5欧元的燃料成本,整个米兰市每年可减少二氧化碳排放量44,470吨(米兰地区每年道路交通产生的二氧化碳总量为4,14.4万吨)。此外,这些技术还帮助这家停车运营商公司每年增加约900万欧元的总收入。如果考虑到实施智能停车解决方案所需的成本,停车运营商的贴现投资回收期低于2年。
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引用次数: 11
Optimized travel to meetings on a common location of geographical distributed participants 在地理分布的参与者的共同地点优化会议旅行
Peter Hillmann, Bastian Kuhnel, Tobias Uhlig, G. Rodosek, O. Rose
Members of international organizations often meet in person at a common location for discussions. There is frequently disagreement over the place and time of the meeting due to the different travel efforts of the members. They usually travel by plane and their travel expenses depend on the flight connections. This paper presents an approach to calculate the optimized location and time, where and when distributed partners should meet. The presented system considers the requirements and specifications of each individual member. It respects earliest starting time of an event and non night flights. The optimized result is evaluated with regard to multiple objectives. We focus on the minimization of costs and travel time. Our search algorithm identifies individual travel data for all members for a potential event. The output provides recommendations for the global best appointments and offers further information for the partners. Our system saves expenses and time for all members and allows adjustment as well as compensation.
国际组织的成员经常在一个共同的地点亲自开会讨论。由于成员的出行方式不同,会议的地点和时间经常出现分歧。他们通常乘飞机旅行,他们的旅行费用取决于航班转机。本文提出了一种计算分布式伙伴相遇的最佳地点和时间的方法。所提出的系统考虑到每个成员的要求和规格。它尊重一个事件的最早开始时间和非夜间航班。对优化结果进行了多目标评价。我们专注于成本和旅行时间的最小化。我们的搜索算法为潜在事件识别所有成员的个人旅行数据。输出为全球最佳约会提供建议,并为合作伙伴提供进一步的信息。我们的系统为所有会员节省了费用和时间,并允许调整和补偿。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic algorithms hybridized with the self controlling dominance to solve a multi-objective resource constraint project scheduling problem 将遗传算法与自控制优势算法相结合,求解多目标资源约束项目调度问题
Xixi Wang, F. Yalaoui, Frédéric Dugardin
The Resource Constraint Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) is one of the most challenged scheduling topics. Compared to the other scheduling problems, the RCPSP pays special attention to the consumable resources with limited capacities, which is the major issue that industry has to cope with. In our study, we tackle a Multi-Objective RCPSP with minimization of the makespan, the total job tardiness and maximization of the workload balance level. Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGAII) and NSGAIII are applied at first to find approximated Pareto fronts. In particular circumstances, decision makers would prefer preselected propositions than the whole Pareto front. For this reason, we have integrated in our study, the Self Controlling Dominance Area of Solutions (SCDAS) in our algorithms find more fine-grained Pareto fronts, and solutions with good qualities on all objectives. Small, medium and large size instances, featured by different parameters of jobs and resources are tested. A comparative study is carried out where the hypervolume and the metric-C are used to evaluate the performances of different methods. The improvements brought by the SCDAS are proved regarding both metrics.
资源约束项目调度问题(RCPSP)是最具挑战性的调度问题之一。与其他调度问题相比,RCPSP特别关注容量有限的消耗性资源,这是工业界必须应对的主要问题。在我们的研究中,我们解决了一个多目标RCPSP,最小化完工时间,总工作延迟和最大化工作负载平衡水平。首先应用非支配排序遗传算法II (NSGAII)和NSGAIII来寻找逼近的Pareto前沿。在特殊情况下,决策者更喜欢预先选择的命题,而不是整个帕累托阵线。出于这个原因,我们在我们的研究中整合了我们的算法中的自我控制优势解决方案区域(SCDAS),找到了更细粒度的帕累托前沿,以及在所有目标上具有良好质量的解决方案。测试了具有不同作业参数和资源特征的小、中、大型实例。在hypervolume和metric-C中进行了比较研究,以评估不同方法的性能。在这两个指标上都证明了SCDAS带来的改进。
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引用次数: 2
Internet of vehicles: Cloud and fog computing approaches 汽车互联网:云和雾计算方法
Hector Jalil Desirena Lopez, Mario Siller, Ivan Huerta Casado
Some of the mobility challenges in the cities can be approached with the Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, and Fog Computing. In this work we consider the city as a system of systems and focus on the interaction of those entities with the mobility systems. A key element that allows this interaction is a vehicle on-board unit. In this work we address the interconnection, enabling technologies, interoperability, scalability, geo-distribution and time constrains aspects in the architectural design of mobility systems. For this we propose the On-Board Unit architecture and cover three different levels of technification in information and communication technologies. Based on this differentiation we are able to include Cloud and Fog Computing into our proposed designs.
城市中的一些移动挑战可以通过物联网、云计算和雾计算来解决。在这项工作中,我们将城市视为一个系统的系统,并专注于这些实体与移动系统的相互作用。允许这种交互的一个关键因素是车载单元。在这项工作中,我们解决了移动系统架构设计中的互连、使能技术、互操作性、可扩展性、地理分布和时间限制方面的问题。为此,我们提出了机载单元架构,并涵盖了信息和通信技术的三个不同层次的技术。基于这种差异,我们能够将云和雾计算纳入我们的建议设计中。
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引用次数: 24
期刊
2017 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (SOLI)
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