{"title":"Improvement of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 coating by the modified sol-gel method","authors":"Mayuko Awata, M. Okada, T. Nambu, N. Matsumoto","doi":"10.11344/NANO.7.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.7.51","url":null,"abstract":"5","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"51-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63692742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Embryotoxic Potential of the Nanomaterials and Biomaterials by Improvement of Embryonic Stem Cell Test (EST)","authors":"K. Imai","doi":"10.11344/NANO.7.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.7.28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11344/NANO.7.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63692432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kazumasa Minami, M. Koizumi, Y. Hamada, S. Mori, N. Kawaguchi, Masashi Manabe, Hiromasa Imaizumi, K. Nakatani, N. Matsuura
{"title":"The Effect of Carbon Ion Beam Irradiation for Hypoxia-Mediated Invasion of Glioblastoma","authors":"Kazumasa Minami, M. Koizumi, Y. Hamada, S. Mori, N. Kawaguchi, Masashi Manabe, Hiromasa Imaizumi, K. Nakatani, N. Matsuura","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63691976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nishimura, Y. Shinonaga, Yoko Abe, Saki Kawai, K. Arita
53 Introduction Glass ionomer cement (GIC) was invented by Wilson and Kent in 1971 [1]. GIC is widely used as a dental material, due to its ease of use, low coefficient of thermal expansion, good biocompatibility with bone pulp tissue, and long-term bonding to tooth surfaces and metals [2,3]. In addition, its unique fluoride (F) ion release characteristics have anticaries, antimicrobial and remineralization effects [4,5]. However, its current uses are limited because of its inadequate strength. Several researchers have attempted to overcome these poor mechanical properties by adding reinforcements, but sufficient improvements in mechanical and chemical properties have not yet been achieved [6-8]. As hydroxyapatite (HAp) has great biocompatibility and a composition similar to apatite in the human tooth, Nicholson et al. [9] first attempted to incorporate HAp into GIC prepared from oxide glass and F glass and concluded that the properties of GIC were not affected by the presence of HAp. However, other researchers reported that addition of HAp into commercially prepared GICs improved the mechanical properties [10,11]. In our previous studies, it was demonstrated that the addition of HAp particles was able to enhance both the mechanical and chemical properties of a conventional GIC used for dental restoration, Fuji IX GP (IX-GP; GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) [12-14]. Moreover, we confirmed that the most suitable HAp for incorporation into GIC was porous HAp with a high specific surface area [14]. However, further investigations are necessary to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the improvement in mechanical and chemical properties by adding HAp to GIC. Porous Hydroxyapatite Can Improve Strength and Bioactive Functions of Glass Ionomer Cement
玻璃离子水泥(GIC)是由Wilson和Kent于1971年发明的。GIC因其易于使用、热膨胀系数低、与骨髓组织生物相容性好、与牙齿表面和金属的长期结合而被广泛用作牙科材料[2,3]。此外，其独特的氟(F)离子释放特性具有抗药、抗菌和再矿化作用[4,5]。然而，由于其强度不足，目前的使用受到限制。一些研究人员试图通过添加增强剂来克服这些不良的机械性能，但尚未实现机械和化学性能的充分改善[6-8]。由于羟基磷灰石(HAp)具有良好的生物相容性，其组成与人类牙齿中的磷灰石相似，Nicholson等人[9]首次尝试将HAp掺入氧化玻璃和F玻璃制备的GIC中，并得出HAp的存在不影响GIC性能的结论。然而，其他研究人员报道，将HAp添加到商业制备的gic中可以改善其力学性能[10,11]。在我们之前的研究中，已经证明添加HAp颗粒能够增强用于牙齿修复的传统GIC的机械和化学性能，Fuji IX GP (IX-GP;GC公司，东京，日本)[12-14]。此外，我们证实了最适合掺入GIC的HAp是具有高比表面积[14]的多孔HAp。然而，需要进一步的研究来阐明添加HAp改善GIC机械和化学性能的机制。多孔羟基磷灰石可提高玻璃离子水门合剂的强度和生物活性
{"title":"Porous Hydroxyapatite Can Improve Strength and Bioactive Functions of Glass Ionomer Cement","authors":"T. Nishimura, Y. Shinonaga, Yoko Abe, Saki Kawai, K. Arita","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.53","url":null,"abstract":"53 Introduction Glass ionomer cement (GIC) was invented by Wilson and Kent in 1971 [1]. GIC is widely used as a dental material, due to its ease of use, low coefficient of thermal expansion, good biocompatibility with bone pulp tissue, and long-term bonding to tooth surfaces and metals [2,3]. In addition, its unique fluoride (F) ion release characteristics have anticaries, antimicrobial and remineralization effects [4,5]. However, its current uses are limited because of its inadequate strength. Several researchers have attempted to overcome these poor mechanical properties by adding reinforcements, but sufficient improvements in mechanical and chemical properties have not yet been achieved [6-8]. As hydroxyapatite (HAp) has great biocompatibility and a composition similar to apatite in the human tooth, Nicholson et al. [9] first attempted to incorporate HAp into GIC prepared from oxide glass and F glass and concluded that the properties of GIC were not affected by the presence of HAp. However, other researchers reported that addition of HAp into commercially prepared GICs improved the mechanical properties [10,11]. In our previous studies, it was demonstrated that the addition of HAp particles was able to enhance both the mechanical and chemical properties of a conventional GIC used for dental restoration, Fuji IX GP (IX-GP; GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) [12-14]. Moreover, we confirmed that the most suitable HAp for incorporation into GIC was porous HAp with a high specific surface area [14]. However, further investigations are necessary to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the improvement in mechanical and chemical properties by adding HAp to GIC. Porous Hydroxyapatite Can Improve Strength and Bioactive Functions of Glass Ionomer Cement","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"53-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11344/NANO.6.53","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63692155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
85 Introduction The technique of the transplantation of cultured bone cells was firstly developed by Caplan and Bruder [1]. This technique will be useful and applicable for the patients who lost their large segments of bone by suffering bone tumor or etc. Their procedure is as follows; messenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are isolated from bone marrow and expanded in number in culture. When sufficient number of cells are available, they are loaded into a porous ceramics scaffold and surgically inserted into the excision defect. For clinical application of this bone regeneration therapy. Yoshikawa and Ohgushi improved culture method of osteoblastic cells by introducing the culture method of Maniatopoulos [2]. Several kinds of porous ceramics scaffolds were examined for this implantation system [3-7]. For clinical usage, large size of the scaffold is necessary, however the bigger the size is necessary, the harder the invasion of blood vessel into the central area of scaffold becomes. Osteoblasts Overexpression of VEGF Induces Bone Formation in the Model of Transplantation of Cultured Bone Cells
{"title":"Overexpression of VEGF Induces Bone Formation in the Model of Transplantation of Cultured Bone Cells","authors":"T. Uemura, Kazuya Matsumoto, H. Kojima","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.85","url":null,"abstract":"85 Introduction The technique of the transplantation of cultured bone cells was firstly developed by Caplan and Bruder [1]. This technique will be useful and applicable for the patients who lost their large segments of bone by suffering bone tumor or etc. Their procedure is as follows; messenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are isolated from bone marrow and expanded in number in culture. When sufficient number of cells are available, they are loaded into a porous ceramics scaffold and surgically inserted into the excision defect. For clinical application of this bone regeneration therapy. Yoshikawa and Ohgushi improved culture method of osteoblastic cells by introducing the culture method of Maniatopoulos [2]. Several kinds of porous ceramics scaffolds were examined for this implantation system [3-7]. For clinical usage, large size of the scaffold is necessary, however the bigger the size is necessary, the harder the invasion of blood vessel into the central area of scaffold becomes. Osteoblasts Overexpression of VEGF Induces Bone Formation in the Model of Transplantation of Cultured Bone Cells","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63691955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Komatsu, H. Nishida, T. Sekino, Kazuyo Yamamoto
63 Introduction With a growing awareness of esthetics in clinical settings, an increasing number of patients are requesting orthodontics and tooth whitening. The demands for tooth whitening have also markedly increased. However, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used at a high concentration (30-35%) in the office bleaching method, which raises concerns about hyperesthesia [1, 2] and its adverse effects on dental hard and periodontal tissues [3-7]. To minimize these adverse effects, titanium dioxide (TiO2), used in white pigments, cosmetics, paint, and food additives, has been applied to tooth whitening [8-10]. TiO2 is less expensive because it is abundant in nature, and is safe for the human body because it is chemically stable. TiO2, used as a photocatalyst, causes a strong redox reaction through holes and electrons generated by light absorption. TiO2 becomes super-hydrophilic when coated as a membrane. In the presence of water, multiple types of radicals are known to be generated by the redox power of a photocatalyst [11]. TiO2 absorbs light above band gap energy (approximately 3.1 eV), and electrons are excited to the conduction band. The excited electrons reduce oxygen, generating superoxide radicals, such as O2 •. The holes generated in the valence Application of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes to Tooth Whitening
{"title":"Application of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes to Tooth Whitening","authors":"O. Komatsu, H. Nishida, T. Sekino, Kazuyo Yamamoto","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.63","url":null,"abstract":"63 Introduction With a growing awareness of esthetics in clinical settings, an increasing number of patients are requesting orthodontics and tooth whitening. The demands for tooth whitening have also markedly increased. However, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used at a high concentration (30-35%) in the office bleaching method, which raises concerns about hyperesthesia [1, 2] and its adverse effects on dental hard and periodontal tissues [3-7]. To minimize these adverse effects, titanium dioxide (TiO2), used in white pigments, cosmetics, paint, and food additives, has been applied to tooth whitening [8-10]. TiO2 is less expensive because it is abundant in nature, and is safe for the human body because it is chemically stable. TiO2, used as a photocatalyst, causes a strong redox reaction through holes and electrons generated by light absorption. TiO2 becomes super-hydrophilic when coated as a membrane. In the presence of water, multiple types of radicals are known to be generated by the redox power of a photocatalyst [11]. TiO2 absorbs light above band gap energy (approximately 3.1 eV), and electrons are excited to the conduction band. The excited electrons reduce oxygen, generating superoxide radicals, such as O2 •. The holes generated in the valence Application of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes to Tooth Whitening","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63692166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Construction of Three Dimensional Tissues of Osteosarcoma MG63 Cells Using a Rotating Wall Vessel Bioreactor and the Dose-Dependent Effect of Doxorubicin","authors":"T. Uemura","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.21","url":null,"abstract":"2","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63691998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Imai, Tsubasa Shirai, F. Watari, T. Akasaka, T. Nishikawa, Tomoharu Okamura, A. Tanaka, K. Suese, Fumiya Ogawa, Y. Honda, H. Sawai, H. Takashima
27 Introduction Among biomaterials, nanomaterials require a special protocol to examine their biological safety. However, no satisfactory protocol has been established for safety evaluation. The embryonic stem cell test (EST) is already known as an in vitro developmental toxicity test method [1-3]. We have examined the developmental toxicities of various nanomaterials using this EST protocol [4-9]. We previously reported the application of the EST protocol to examine MWCNTs and SWCNTs in two-dimensional culture and MWCNTs in the three-dimensional culture of ES cells [4, 7, 8]. Influence of MWCNTs to Myocardial Contraction Rhythms on Differentiation of ES-D3 Cells in Three-dimensional Culture
{"title":"Influence of MWCNTs to Myocardial Contraction Rhythms on Differentiation of ES-D3 Cells in Three-dimensional Culture","authors":"K. Imai, Tsubasa Shirai, F. Watari, T. Akasaka, T. Nishikawa, Tomoharu Okamura, A. Tanaka, K. Suese, Fumiya Ogawa, Y. Honda, H. Sawai, H. Takashima","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.27","url":null,"abstract":"27 Introduction Among biomaterials, nanomaterials require a special protocol to examine their biological safety. However, no satisfactory protocol has been established for safety evaluation. The embryonic stem cell test (EST) is already known as an in vitro developmental toxicity test method [1-3]. We have examined the developmental toxicities of various nanomaterials using this EST protocol [4-9]. We previously reported the application of the EST protocol to examine MWCNTs and SWCNTs in two-dimensional culture and MWCNTs in the three-dimensional culture of ES cells [4, 7, 8]. Influence of MWCNTs to Myocardial Contraction Rhythms on Differentiation of ES-D3 Cells in Three-dimensional Culture","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"44 1","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63692034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Imai, T. Nishikawa, Tomoharu Okamura, A. Tanaka, K. Suese, Y. Honda, Tsubasa Shirai, Fumiya Ogawa, H. Sawai, F. Watari
{"title":"Effects of C60 Fullerene on Cell Differentiation with EL-M3 and ES-R1-EGFP B2/EGFP Cell Lines","authors":"K. Imai, T. Nishikawa, Tomoharu Okamura, A. Tanaka, K. Suese, Y. Honda, Tsubasa Shirai, Fumiya Ogawa, H. Sawai, F. Watari","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"78-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63692285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoshihisa Kojima, Y. Hamada, N. Kawaguchi, S. Mori, Kiyoshi Daito, Ayako Uchinaka, Naoya Hayakawa, K. Arita, Y. Nagase, N. Matsuura
12 Introduction Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medical therapy widely used in East Asian countries [1]. In this therapy, skin is heated directly or indirectly by burning moxa. In direct moxibustion, burning moxa in a stick is applied onto or above an acupuncture point. In contrast, indirect moxibustion uses salt, ginger, or garlic under the burning moxa to avoid skin damage [2–5]. The needle-warming technique is also used to avoid skin damage [6]. In this technique, the skin is stimulated by needle penetration at the acupuncture point, and burning moxa applied over the needle warms the skin around the acupuncture point. With all of these techniques, moxibustion evokes a warm sensation. However, the exact mechanism by which moxibustion induces this warm sensation is unknown. Information on skin temperature is received by heat receptors [7] and then conducted through Effects of Moxibustion on Body Core Temperature Responses in Rats
{"title":"Effects of Moxibustion on Body Core Temperature Responses in Rats","authors":"Yoshihisa Kojima, Y. Hamada, N. Kawaguchi, S. Mori, Kiyoshi Daito, Ayako Uchinaka, Naoya Hayakawa, K. Arita, Y. Nagase, N. Matsuura","doi":"10.11344/NANO.6.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.6.12","url":null,"abstract":"12 Introduction Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medical therapy widely used in East Asian countries [1]. In this therapy, skin is heated directly or indirectly by burning moxa. In direct moxibustion, burning moxa in a stick is applied onto or above an acupuncture point. In contrast, indirect moxibustion uses salt, ginger, or garlic under the burning moxa to avoid skin damage [2–5]. The needle-warming technique is also used to avoid skin damage [6]. In this technique, the skin is stimulated by needle penetration at the acupuncture point, and burning moxa applied over the needle warms the skin around the acupuncture point. With all of these techniques, moxibustion evokes a warm sensation. However, the exact mechanism by which moxibustion induces this warm sensation is unknown. Information on skin temperature is received by heat receptors [7] and then conducted through Effects of Moxibustion on Body Core Temperature Responses in Rats","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63691991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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