Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8709
Masaya Ajiya Fatima, A. Ikechukwu, Afodia Kassum Litini, Kyari Bawagana, A. M. Yakaka
Danwake is cassava-cowpea flour with baobab leaf powder-based dumpling a common meal for the lower-income people of Northern Nigeria. In this study, attempts were made to compare danwake produced 10 g eight hitherto leafy powders or their combination (5 g+5 g) with traditional baobab powder were used to fortify randomized cassava-cowpea (70:30) in a completely linear and interactive experimental design. Standard procedures were used to evaluate the proximate, mineral, phytonutrient, vitamin Aand C and the antioxidant activity of the cooked danwake using a total of 15 raw formulations (8 linear and 7 interactive runs). Moisture, crude protein, total ash, crude fat, crude fiber and carbohydrate contents varied significantly in both the linear and interactive outcomes as follows (29-49.80%; 21.91-68.52%; 3.33-6.17%; 6.480-11.74%; 2.177-4.633, 2.467-4.467%; 0.420-0.657%,0.350-0.500%; 1.850-5.210%; 3.43-6.76% and 34.24-58.43%, 9.307-64.11%). Potassium was the dominant element of all greater in the linear outcome (1716-1258 mg/100 g) than in the interactive outcome (1400.69-101 mg/100 g) because of the addition of potash, iron, zinc, copper and manganese level were low in both outcomes. Phytate and oxalate content were higher in the interactive outcome than the linear 209.1-230.0 mg/100g, 206.2-273.01 mg/100 g and 0.040-0.545%, 0.014-0.240% respectively. While total flavonoids and phenolic compounds were observed to be greater in the linear outcome respectively (145.7-200.04 mg/QE/100 g and 326.0-836.8 mgGAE/100 g). Combined leafy powders produced danwake with greater vitamin C (6.455-8.331 mg/100 g) and vitamin A (0.027-0.490 µg/100 g) but comparable radical scavenging activity (81.10-116.99%). In general vegetable powders from mint, celery, parsley, moringa among others produced danwake with greater nutritional values and antioxidant activity and are recommended for use in danwake preparation.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Nutrients, Anti-nutrients and Anti-oxidant Activities of Leafy Vegetable Powders Fortified \"Danwake\" (A Northern Nigerian Cassava- Cowpea Dumpling)","authors":"Masaya Ajiya Fatima, A. Ikechukwu, Afodia Kassum Litini, Kyari Bawagana, A. M. Yakaka","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8709","url":null,"abstract":"Danwake is cassava-cowpea flour with baobab leaf powder-based dumpling a common meal for the lower-income people of Northern Nigeria. In this study, attempts were made to compare danwake produced 10 g eight hitherto leafy powders or their combination (5 g+5 g) with traditional baobab powder were used to fortify randomized cassava-cowpea (70:30) in a completely linear and interactive experimental design. Standard procedures were used to evaluate the proximate, mineral, phytonutrient, vitamin Aand C and the antioxidant activity of the cooked danwake using a total of 15 raw formulations (8 linear and 7 interactive runs). Moisture, crude protein, total ash, crude fat, crude fiber and carbohydrate contents varied significantly in both the linear and interactive outcomes as follows (29-49.80%; 21.91-68.52%; 3.33-6.17%; 6.480-11.74%; 2.177-4.633, 2.467-4.467%; 0.420-0.657%,0.350-0.500%; 1.850-5.210%; 3.43-6.76% and 34.24-58.43%, 9.307-64.11%). Potassium was the dominant element of all greater in the linear outcome (1716-1258 mg/100 g) than in the interactive outcome (1400.69-101 mg/100 g) because of the addition of potash, iron, zinc, copper and manganese level were low in both outcomes. Phytate and oxalate content were higher in the interactive outcome than the linear 209.1-230.0 mg/100g, 206.2-273.01 mg/100 g and 0.040-0.545%, 0.014-0.240% respectively. While total flavonoids and phenolic compounds were observed to be greater in the linear outcome respectively (145.7-200.04 mg/QE/100 g and 326.0-836.8 mgGAE/100 g). Combined leafy powders produced danwake with greater vitamin C (6.455-8.331 mg/100 g) and vitamin A (0.027-0.490 µg/100 g) but comparable radical scavenging activity (81.10-116.99%). In general vegetable powders from mint, celery, parsley, moringa among others produced danwake with greater nutritional values and antioxidant activity and are recommended for use in danwake preparation.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"36 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8708
Avinash C. Dhotre, K. Chinchodkar, Abhijeet D. Ghodake, B. N. Shinde
This research emphasis on GST’s revenue contributes to India’s march towards $ 5 trillion economy. GST is an indirect tax in nature and levied on goods and services except alcoholic liquors and petroleum products. The dream of $ 5 trillion economy is too difficult for India. While perceiving such dream, GST would contribute to achieve it. In this study we focused on monthly collection of GST revenue, GST revenue Y-o-Y, GDP growth Y-o-Y, payment of GST in last six years, and the contribution to GST revenue from different business constitution. The GST slab rate of 18% and 28% are charged on luxuries goods and services will help to generate high revenue. After analysis, we found that the revenue of GST is increasing every year. The revenue was Rs. 1.46 Trillion in the month November of F. Y. 2022-23 and highly increased to Rs. 1.68 Trillion in the month November of F.Y. 2023-24. It shows 15% growth from November 2022-23 to November 2024. The share of GST revenue is huge in the development of economy.
{"title":"Contribution of Goods and Services Tax (GST) Revenue: India’s March towards $5 Trillion Economy","authors":"Avinash C. Dhotre, K. Chinchodkar, Abhijeet D. Ghodake, B. N. Shinde","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8708","url":null,"abstract":"This research emphasis on GST’s revenue contributes to India’s march towards $ 5 trillion economy. GST is an indirect tax in nature and levied on goods and services except alcoholic liquors and petroleum products. The dream of $ 5 trillion economy is too difficult for India. While perceiving such dream, GST would contribute to achieve it. In this study we focused on monthly collection of GST revenue, GST revenue Y-o-Y, GDP growth Y-o-Y, payment of GST in last six years, and the contribution to GST revenue from different business constitution. The GST slab rate of 18% and 28% are charged on luxuries goods and services will help to generate high revenue. After analysis, we found that the revenue of GST is increasing every year. The revenue was Rs. 1.46 Trillion in the month November of F. Y. 2022-23 and highly increased to Rs. 1.68 Trillion in the month November of F.Y. 2023-24. It shows 15% growth from November 2022-23 to November 2024. The share of GST revenue is huge in the development of economy.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"104 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8707
Ma Ping (Em Ma), Vicente T. Baylon III, Yukang Wang, Hansong Zhang
The aim of the study was to assesses the preparedness of Chinese Nursing students in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from selected sections of Weifang University of Science and Technology. This assessment entails the identification of the preparedness of Weifang University of Science and Technology nursing students to perform Basic life Support in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation when needed in the university, community, and hospital setting. Aim: The primary aim of this research was to assess the perception of Chinese nursing students on basic life support. The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the level of Chinese Nursing students when it comes to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation preparedness in order to determine their capability during emergency situations. This study was focused on 309 Chinese Nursing students from various levels of education at Weifang University of Science and Technology, a provincial public undergraduate and tertiary vocational college in Weifang, Shandong, China. Scope and Limitation of the Study: This study focused on the preparedness of Chinese nursing students to perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The study was conducted at Weifang University of Science and Technology focusing on 309 Chinese Nursing students from different levels of education such as Associate Degree, Bachelor's, Master's Degree, and PhD degrees. Research Design: The researchers used descriptive nonparametric and Qualtrics online survey tools to assess the perception of the respondents on critical steps on basic life support critical steps and whether it is important or not important. Online perceived “Performance Evaluation Tool” was used to assess respondents’ perceived performance on Critical Steps of Basic Life Support in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Results: Mainstream of the Chinese nursing students perceived can perform the critical steps of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with a mean score of 97.31 percent while the ones who cannot perform is 2.69 percent. Conclusion: Chinese nursing students' preparedness is essential in emergent Basic Life Support - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The mean score for parameters on critical step perceived can perform with a score of 97.31 percent. This high percentage of perceived performance can help the chance of survival and this perception can strengthen the Chinese students to do their task in emergency situations.
{"title":"Assessment of Chinese Nursing Students Perception in Cardiopulmonary Preparedness: An Observation Descriptive Study","authors":"Ma Ping (Em Ma), Vicente T. Baylon III, Yukang Wang, Hansong Zhang","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8707","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assesses the preparedness of Chinese Nursing students in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from selected sections of Weifang University of Science and Technology. This assessment entails the identification of the preparedness of Weifang University of Science and Technology nursing students to perform Basic life Support in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation when needed in the university, community, and hospital setting. \u0000Aim: The primary aim of this research was to assess the perception of Chinese nursing students on basic life support. The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the level of Chinese Nursing students when it comes to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation preparedness in order to determine their capability during emergency situations. This study was focused on 309 Chinese Nursing students from various levels of education at Weifang University of Science and Technology, a provincial public undergraduate and tertiary vocational college in Weifang, Shandong, China. \u0000Scope and Limitation of the Study: This study focused on the preparedness of Chinese nursing students to perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The study was conducted at Weifang University of Science and Technology focusing on 309 Chinese Nursing students from different levels of education such as Associate Degree, Bachelor's, Master's Degree, and PhD degrees. \u0000Research Design: The researchers used descriptive nonparametric and Qualtrics online survey tools to assess the perception of the respondents on critical steps on basic life support critical steps and whether it is important or not important. Online perceived “Performance Evaluation Tool” was used to assess respondents’ perceived performance on Critical Steps of Basic Life Support in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. \u0000Results: Mainstream of the Chinese nursing students perceived can perform the critical steps of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with a mean score of 97.31 percent while the ones who cannot perform is 2.69 percent. \u0000Conclusion: Chinese nursing students' preparedness is essential in emergent Basic Life Support - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The mean score for parameters on critical step perceived can perform with a score of 97.31 percent. This high percentage of perceived performance can help the chance of survival and this perception can strengthen the Chinese students to do their task in emergency situations.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"115 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8705
Vicente T. Baylon III
This study assesses the perception of the selected community barangays in the Philippines. This task entailed identifying the “Perception” of the community in terms of factors to consider if patients will submit to hospitalization, determinants of quality patient health care, factors that boost patients' recovery, expected government programs, and self-image problems due to their diagnosis. Aims: The study aimed to assess the perception of the community on Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory with the view to developing essential further recommendations for the community, staff nurses, doctors, hospital administrators, and National Government Department of Health officials. Scope and Limitation of the Study: The study focused on the perception of the community before they will visit the hospital for check-ups, follow-up of care, or for confinement. The study was conducted last March 2024 into two selected barangay areas in the Philippines: Barangay 187 in Tala Caloocan City and Barangay Sta. Rita in Bacnotan La Union Province. Barangay 187 was chosen because of its proximity to Dr. Jose Rodriguez Memorial Hospital and Barangay Sta. Rita was chosen because of its remoteness from the Provincial hospital. Research Design: The study employed a Quantitative Descriptive nonparametric method design of the study. The research was conducted in selected barangays in Caloocan City and La Union. Simple random sampling - random draws was used and a total of 100 respondents were selected from two selected areas in Caloocan City and in La Union Province. Results: The mean for the parameter on Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory perceived as “Important” was 100 percent for Barangay 187 and 100 percent for Barangay Sta. Rita. Barangay 187 in Caloocan City and Barangay Sta. Rita in La Union both shared their perception that Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory is important with percentage of 100. Therefore both Barangays had the same perception of this new emerging theory of QUALITY PATIENT NURSING CARE states that “The factors to be considered if patients will submit to hospitalization or not, is determined by the quality patient health care and factors that boost patients’ recovery with the help of expected government programs to eliminate self-image problems due to their diagnosis” is important. Conclusion: The study concludes that both Barangays had the same perception on this new emerging theory of QUALITY PATIENT NURSING CARE states that “The factors to be considered if patients will submit to hospitalization or not, is determined by the quality patient health care and factors that boost patients’ recovery with the help of expected government programs in order to eliminate self-image problems due to their diagnosis” is important. Every variable of this theory was uttered by the patients in qualitative study, and it was properly assessed by the community through a quantitative study that the researcher may conclude that this theory has a strong foun
{"title":"An Assessment of Community Perception on Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory in Selected Barangays in the Philippines","authors":"Vicente T. Baylon III","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8705","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the perception of the selected community barangays in the Philippines. This task entailed identifying the “Perception” of the community in terms of factors to consider if patients will submit to hospitalization, determinants of quality patient health care, factors that boost patients' recovery, expected government programs, and self-image problems due to their diagnosis. \u0000Aims: The study aimed to assess the perception of the community on Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory with the view to developing essential further recommendations for the community, staff nurses, doctors, hospital administrators, and National Government Department of Health officials. \u0000Scope and Limitation of the Study: The study focused on the perception of the community before they will visit the hospital for check-ups, follow-up of care, or for confinement. The study was conducted last March 2024 into two selected barangay areas in the Philippines: Barangay 187 in Tala Caloocan City and Barangay Sta. Rita in Bacnotan La Union Province. Barangay 187 was chosen because of its proximity to Dr. Jose Rodriguez Memorial Hospital and Barangay Sta. Rita was chosen because of its remoteness from the Provincial hospital. \u0000Research Design: The study employed a Quantitative Descriptive nonparametric method design of the study. The research was conducted in selected barangays in Caloocan City and La Union. Simple random sampling - random draws was used and a total of 100 respondents were selected from two selected areas in Caloocan City and in La Union Province. \u0000Results: The mean for the parameter on Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory perceived as “Important” was 100 percent for Barangay 187 and 100 percent for Barangay Sta. Rita. Barangay 187 in Caloocan City and Barangay Sta. Rita in La Union both shared their perception that Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory is important with percentage of 100. Therefore both Barangays had the same perception of this new emerging theory of QUALITY PATIENT NURSING CARE states that “The factors to be considered if patients will submit to hospitalization or not, is determined by the quality patient health care and factors that boost patients’ recovery with the help of expected government programs to eliminate self-image problems due to their diagnosis” is important. \u0000Conclusion: The study concludes that both Barangays had the same perception on this new emerging theory of QUALITY PATIENT NURSING CARE states that “The factors to be considered if patients will submit to hospitalization or not, is determined by the quality patient health care and factors that boost patients’ recovery with the help of expected government programs in order to eliminate self-image problems due to their diagnosis” is important. Every variable of this theory was uttered by the patients in qualitative study, and it was properly assessed by the community through a quantitative study that the researcher may conclude that this theory has a strong foun","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7704
Omar Abdallah Ngema, Mercyline W. Kamande
This study aimed at analysing the impact of resource mobilization on the sustainability of youth group projects in Mvita Sub-County. The study’s variables included financial resource acquisition, human resource mapping, physical resource acquisition as well as community involvement in youth group projects in the Mvita Sub County. The descriptive survey design method guided this study. The study's target population was 55 respondents from youth group projects in Mvita Sub-County wards, made up of one committee member and two project officials for each of the selected youth group projects whereas a sample size of 48 respondents was established. A stratified sampling technique was used for this investigation. The researcher applied SPSS version 28 to examine facts. In the study's descriptive analysis, standard deviations, means, frequencies, and percentages were all employed. The acquisition of financial resources, the mapping of human resources, the purchase of physical resources, and community involvement were used to measure the sustainability of youth group projects. It was discovered that financial resource acquisition needs had a moderate overall influence on the sustainability of youth group projects. Physical resource acquisition had a minimal influence after human resource mapping and the moderately close follow-up of youth group initiatives. Women's groups should undertake human resource mapping in order to lower the amount of money spent on outside sources. The machinery, office supplies, and tools needed for women's groups to manage their projects should be available. Lastly, women's groups ought to involve the community in all stages of the execution of their programs.
{"title":"Influence of Resource Mobilization on Sustainability of Youth Group Projects in Mvita Sub-county, Mombasa County, Kenya","authors":"Omar Abdallah Ngema, Mercyline W. Kamande","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7704","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at analysing the impact of resource mobilization on the sustainability of youth group projects in Mvita Sub-County. The study’s variables included financial resource acquisition, human resource mapping, physical resource acquisition as well as community involvement in youth group projects in the Mvita Sub County. The descriptive survey design method guided this study. The study's target population was 55 respondents from youth group projects in Mvita Sub-County wards, made up of one committee member and two project officials for each of the selected youth group projects whereas a sample size of 48 respondents was established. A stratified sampling technique was used for this investigation. The researcher applied SPSS version 28 to examine facts. In the study's descriptive analysis, standard deviations, means, frequencies, and percentages were all employed. The acquisition of financial resources, the mapping of human resources, the purchase of physical resources, and community involvement were used to measure the sustainability of youth group projects. It was discovered that financial resource acquisition needs had a moderate overall influence on the sustainability of youth group projects. Physical resource acquisition had a minimal influence after human resource mapping and the moderately close follow-up of youth group initiatives. Women's groups should undertake human resource mapping in order to lower the amount of money spent on outside sources. The machinery, office supplies, and tools needed for women's groups to manage their projects should be available. Lastly, women's groups ought to involve the community in all stages of the execution of their programs.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are appealing candidates for advanced ceramic applications because of their remarkable physical, chemical, mechanical and antibacterial capabilities which have attracted much interest. This review provides an extensive analysis of the current state-of-the-art synthesis, characterization and utilization of crystalline Cu NPs for functional ceramic coatings. Emphasis is placed on the unique attributes of copper nanostructures, including their high ratio of surface to volume, tunable optical and electronic properties and remarkable thermal and electrical conductivity. The review delves into various synthetic strategies such as chemical reduction, thermal decomposition and biological synthesis in achieving proper control over shape, size and crystallinity. Furthermore, the integration of copper nanomaterials into ceramic matrices is critically examined, unveiling their role in enhancing mechanical strength, thermal stability and antimicrobial activity. Particular attention is given to developing multifunctional ceramic coatings tailored for applications in energy storage, catalysis, sensing and biomedical fields. The review also discusses challenges and future perspectives, including the scalability of production processes, environmental considerations and the development of hybrid nanocomposites for next-generation advanced ceramic materials.
纳米铜粒子（Cu NPs）因其卓越的物理、化学、机械和抗菌性能而成为先进陶瓷应用的热门候选材料，并引起了广泛关注。本综述广泛分析了当前用于功能陶瓷涂层的结晶 Cu NPs 的合成、表征和利用的最新进展。重点介绍了纳米铜结构的独特属性，包括高表面体积比、可调光学和电子特性以及显著的导热性和导电性。综述深入探讨了各种合成策略，如化学还原、热分解和生物合成，以实现对形状、尺寸和结晶度的适当控制。此外，还对铜纳米材料与陶瓷基质的结合进行了深入研究，揭示了它们在增强机械强度、热稳定性和抗菌活性方面的作用。特别关注了为储能、催化、传感和生物医学领域的应用量身定制的多功能陶瓷涂层的开发。该综述还讨论了面临的挑战和未来展望，包括生产工艺的可扩展性、环境因素以及为下一代先进陶瓷材料开发混合纳米复合材料。
{"title":"Crystalline Copper Nanomaterials for Advanced Ceramic: A Comprehensive Review for Functional Ceramic Coating Approaches","authors":"Md. Khalid Hossain Shishir, Sabrina Afrin, Md. Mazedul Haque Sachchu, Tanjina Nasrin Eva, Sumaya Tabassum, Shanawaz Ahmed, Sumaiya Islam Sadia, Md. Ashraful Alam","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8706","url":null,"abstract":"Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are appealing candidates for advanced ceramic applications because of their remarkable physical, chemical, mechanical and antibacterial capabilities which have attracted much interest. This review provides an extensive analysis of the current state-of-the-art synthesis, characterization and utilization of crystalline Cu NPs for functional ceramic coatings. Emphasis is placed on the unique attributes of copper nanostructures, including their high ratio of surface to volume, tunable optical and electronic properties and remarkable thermal and electrical conductivity. The review delves into various synthetic strategies such as chemical reduction, thermal decomposition and biological synthesis in achieving proper control over shape, size and crystallinity. Furthermore, the integration of copper nanomaterials into ceramic matrices is critically examined, unveiling their role in enhancing mechanical strength, thermal stability and antimicrobial activity. Particular attention is given to developing multifunctional ceramic coatings tailored for applications in energy storage, catalysis, sensing and biomedical fields. The review also discusses challenges and future perspectives, including the scalability of production processes, environmental considerations and the development of hybrid nanocomposites for next-generation advanced ceramic materials. \u0000","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the spatial distribution and concentration of heavy metals in dust collected from heat ventilating air conditioning (HVAC) filters in Bonny Metropolis. The importance of understanding heavy metal contamination lies in its significant health risks and environmental impact, this research is crucial for understanding environmental contamination in enclosed environments. Samples were collected from 15 coordinate points during the dry season (January- February 2024) using sterilized equipment to prevent cross-contamination. Samples were processed in the laboratory, followed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS) analysis to quantify metal concentrations. Data analysis involved statistical methods using SPSS to determine the mean concentrations and standard deviations of the metals and environmental assessment indicators such as Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Enrichment Factor (EF). Results revealed substantial contamination with heavy metals across various sites. Lead (Pb) levels ranged from 1.40±0.01 to 8.70±0.01 mg/kg, Cadmium (Cd) from 0.001±0.00 to 0.97±0.03 mg/kg, and Chromium (Cr) from 2.04±0.04 to 9.39±0.06 mg/kg, among others. Notably, Pb and Cd levels exceeded WHO and DPR recommended values, indicating significant anthropogenic pollution sources. The contamination profiles varied by location, with specific sites showing higher multiple pollution indices, particularly for Pb, Cd, and Cr. Enrichment factors for heavy metals suggested severe enrichment due to human activities, with Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, As, Se, Zn, and Hg significantly elevated at most sites. These findings highlight severe environmental and public health risks, emphasizing the need for urgent remediation and regulatory measures, for improved waste management practices and public awareness of the dangers of heavy metal pollution. Regular maintenance and replacement of HVAC filters, as well as minimizing indoor activities that generate heavy metal-laden dust, are recommended to mitigate exposure. Future research should focus on identifying specific anthropogenic sources and developing effective strategies for mitigating heavy metal pollution in urban environments. The study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and stricter environmental controls to safeguard public health and environmental air quality in Bonny Metropolis.
{"title":"Spatial Matrix Evaluation of Heavy Metals from Heat Ventilating Air Conditioning Filter Dust in Bonny Metropolis","authors":"Abbey Dabebara Minaibim, Awuhe Timothy Tertsea, Ogunyemi Tolulope Charles, Abbey Minaibim Ellerton","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7702","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the spatial distribution and concentration of heavy metals in dust collected from heat ventilating air conditioning (HVAC) filters in Bonny Metropolis. The importance of understanding heavy metal contamination lies in its significant health risks and environmental impact, this research is crucial for understanding environmental contamination in enclosed environments. Samples were collected from 15 coordinate points during the dry season (January- February 2024) using sterilized equipment to prevent cross-contamination. Samples were processed in the laboratory, followed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS) analysis to quantify metal concentrations. Data analysis involved statistical methods using SPSS to determine the mean concentrations and standard deviations of the metals and environmental assessment indicators such as Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Enrichment Factor (EF). Results revealed substantial contamination with heavy metals across various sites. Lead (Pb) levels ranged from 1.40±0.01 to 8.70±0.01 mg/kg, Cadmium (Cd) from 0.001±0.00 to 0.97±0.03 mg/kg, and Chromium (Cr) from 2.04±0.04 to 9.39±0.06 mg/kg, among others. Notably, Pb and Cd levels exceeded WHO and DPR recommended values, indicating significant anthropogenic pollution sources. The contamination profiles varied by location, with specific sites showing higher multiple pollution indices, particularly for Pb, Cd, and Cr. Enrichment factors for heavy metals suggested severe enrichment due to human activities, with Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, As, Se, Zn, and Hg significantly elevated at most sites. These findings highlight severe environmental and public health risks, emphasizing the need for urgent remediation and regulatory measures, for improved waste management practices and public awareness of the dangers of heavy metal pollution. Regular maintenance and replacement of HVAC filters, as well as minimizing indoor activities that generate heavy metal-laden dust, are recommended to mitigate exposure. Future research should focus on identifying specific anthropogenic sources and developing effective strategies for mitigating heavy metal pollution in urban environments. The study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and stricter environmental controls to safeguard public health and environmental air quality in Bonny Metropolis.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141686129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7703
John K. Quarm Junior, Charles K. Kankam
Traditional concrete mixtures that include aggregates from naturally occurring sources offer advantages in terms of strength, workability, and water absorption, as well as a wide range of application possibilities. There is a need to further investigate the enhanced mechanical characteristics of Self-compacting concrete as compared to ordinary conventional concrete. An experiment on the mechanical properties, comprising compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and also density of self-compacting concrete SCC and the corresponding properties of normal conventional concrete (NCC) is outlined in this paper. Based on the various test results, it is concluded that self-compacting concrete provides better characteristics in terms of durability, strength, and economy in concrete production, although their use should be dependent on the percentage volume of superplasticizer admixture added to achieve higher strength properties in the utilization to substitute conventional concrete (control). In terms of the compressive, flexural, and tensile strength of concrete produced in comparison with both the control and self-compacting concrete, the results still point out clearly that the self-compacting concrete mixes offer the highest compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. The study included 12 cubes, 12 cylinders, and 12 rectangular prisms for the self-compacting concrete, whilst the same numbers were made for the normal conventional concrete. Three (3) specimens each for both mixes were tested on 7,21,28 and 56 days with equivalent cement to aggregate volumes being 1:2:4 (1:6) for the normal conventional concrete and 1: 3.75:2.25(1:6) for the self-compacting concrete. The compressive strength of the self-compacting concrete as compared to the normal concrete (control) offered a percentage increase of 90.44% on the 7th day, a further increase to 98.82% on the 21st day, and reduced to 43.86% on the 28th day and 33.07% on the 56th day. This marginal increase shows that self-compacting concrete offers better compressive strength than conventional concrete even under the same curing parameters and aggregate ratios. For the split tensile strength, the self-compacting concrete showed a percentage increase of 71.96% on the 7th day, 80.56% on the 21st day, the highest being 98.99% on the 28 days and reduced to 49.55% on the 56th day as compared to the normal concrete (control). This shows that the self-compacting concrete has a better tensile capacity than the conventional concrete(control). This means the self-compacting concrete is the least brittle and has a higher tensile strength than the normal concrete (control). The flexural strength recorded a declining differential percentage increase of 93.24% on the 7th day, 56.59% on the 21st day, 46.53% on the 28th day, and 28.01% on the 56th day. This shows that the self-compacting concrete has a higher ability of composites to resist bending deflection when the force is applied. Hence t
{"title":"Enchancing the Mechanical Properties of Self–compacting Concrete: Means to Achieve a Better Economy in Concrete Construction","authors":"John K. Quarm Junior, Charles K. Kankam","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7703","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional concrete mixtures that include aggregates from naturally occurring sources offer advantages in terms of strength, workability, and water absorption, as well as a wide range of application possibilities. There is a need to further investigate the enhanced mechanical characteristics of Self-compacting concrete as compared to ordinary conventional concrete. \u0000An experiment on the mechanical properties, comprising compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and also density of self-compacting concrete SCC and the corresponding properties of normal conventional concrete (NCC) is outlined in this paper. \u0000Based on the various test results, it is concluded that self-compacting concrete provides better characteristics in terms of durability, strength, and economy in concrete production, although their use should be dependent on the percentage volume of superplasticizer admixture added to achieve higher strength properties in the utilization to substitute conventional concrete (control). In terms of the compressive, flexural, and tensile strength of concrete produced in comparison with both the control and self-compacting concrete, the results still point out clearly that the self-compacting concrete mixes offer the highest compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. The study included 12 cubes, 12 cylinders, and 12 rectangular prisms for the self-compacting concrete, whilst the same numbers were made for the normal conventional concrete. Three (3) specimens each for both mixes were tested on 7,21,28 and 56 days with equivalent cement to aggregate volumes being 1:2:4 (1:6) for the normal conventional concrete and 1: 3.75:2.25(1:6) for the self-compacting concrete. The compressive strength of the self-compacting concrete as compared to the normal concrete (control) offered a percentage increase of 90.44% on the 7th day, a further increase to 98.82% on the 21st day, and reduced to 43.86% on the 28th day and 33.07% on the 56th day. This marginal increase shows that self-compacting concrete offers better compressive strength than conventional concrete even under the same curing parameters and aggregate ratios. For the split tensile strength, the self-compacting concrete showed a percentage increase of 71.96% on the 7th day, 80.56% on the 21st day, the highest being 98.99% on the 28 days and reduced to 49.55% on the 56th day as compared to the normal concrete (control). This shows that the self-compacting concrete has a better tensile capacity than the conventional concrete(control). This means the self-compacting concrete is the least brittle and has a higher tensile strength than the normal concrete (control). The flexural strength recorded a declining differential percentage increase of 93.24% on the 7th day, 56.59% on the 21st day, 46.53% on the 28th day, and 28.01% on the 56th day. This shows that the self-compacting concrete has a higher ability of composites to resist bending deflection when the force is applied. Hence t","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7701
Kinley Yangzom, Kinzang Gyeltshen, Pema Tenzin, Tej Kumar Nepal
Corruption, a global issue harming governance and quality of life, disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, with gender differences in perceptions influenced by cultural norms, social roles, and resource access. A thorough understanding of these differences is essential for creating effective and inclusive anti-corruption strategies. This study investigates gender differences in corruption perceptions among 11,142 respondents in Bhutan, focusing on the seriousness, trends, Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) performance, and the prevalence of corruption offences. The findings show significant gender disparities: men view corruption as more severe and increasing over time compared to women, influenced by societal roles and experiences. Women rate ACC performance lower than men, shaped by differing expectations and levels of trust. Furthermore, perceptions of corruption offences vary significantly by gender, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive anti-corruption strategies tailored to societal contexts and roles. These insights enhance understanding of gender dynamics in corruption perception and inform targeted policy interventions.
{"title":"Gender Differences in Perceptions of Corruption: Insights from Bhutan","authors":"Kinley Yangzom, Kinzang Gyeltshen, Pema Tenzin, Tej Kumar Nepal","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i7701","url":null,"abstract":"Corruption, a global issue harming governance and quality of life, disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, with gender differences in perceptions influenced by cultural norms, social roles, and resource access. A thorough understanding of these differences is essential for creating effective and inclusive anti-corruption strategies. This study investigates gender differences in corruption perceptions among 11,142 respondents in Bhutan, focusing on the seriousness, trends, Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) performance, and the prevalence of corruption offences. The findings show significant gender disparities: men view corruption as more severe and increasing over time compared to women, influenced by societal roles and experiences. Women rate ACC performance lower than men, shaped by differing expectations and levels of trust. Furthermore, perceptions of corruption offences vary significantly by gender, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive anti-corruption strategies tailored to societal contexts and roles. These insights enhance understanding of gender dynamics in corruption perception and inform targeted policy interventions.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"281 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6675
Omonibeke Anthony D., Odikeme D., Lokobo, A., Ephraim-Emmanuel, B.C.
The practice of artisanal refining of crude oil remains rampant within the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with consequent pollution and destruction of the environment as well as exposure of the human population to various pollutants known to cause health problems. It was thus necessary to conduct this study to assess the quality of water and air in communities where artisanal refining of crude oil is carried out in Ekeremor, Bayelsa state, Nigeria. This was a comparative cross-sectional study that was conducted in Peretorugbene community in Ekeremor Local Government Area of Bayelsa state. Water samples from five points (L1-L5) in the study site and one control site (LX were obtained and assessed. Also, air quality assessments were conducted and results were comparatively assessed for significant differences between test and control sites. Results revealed that the water samples from the third sampling site (L3) had the highest levels of chromium of 0.100±0.055, while the first sampling site (L1) had the highest levels of lead of 5.225±0.687. Heavy metals’ concentrations from the water samples obtained from the artisanal refining sites significantly differed from the concentration of the samples from the non-artisanal refining site (p-value: 0.006 [for chromium], p-value: <0.001 [for lead]). Assessment of the concentration of noxious gases in the air at these two differing sites revealed that the carbon monoxide (3.110±0.160), nitrogen oxides (2.870±0.212), and sulfur oxides (2.557±0.105) from the first sampling site (L1) were the highest, and carbon monoxide and nitrous oxides concentration at the non-artisanal refining site was significantly lower from the concentrations at all the artisanal refining sites (p-value: <0.001). Also, the turbidity, temperature, and salinity of the water samples exceeded the allowable standard limits, alongside the lead, cadmium and mercury levels. In this study, it was thus concluded that the turbidity, temperature, and salinity of the water samples exceeded the allowable standard limits, while the conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) in the water samples were below the acceptable standards. Also, the assessed air quality parameters were found to exceed the laid down allowable limits. It was recommended that stakeholders at the federal level of government should strengthen and enforce regulations specifically targeting artisanal refining activities in order to control and monitor their environmental impact.
{"title":"Quality of Water and Air in Artisanally Refined Crude Oil-impacted Communities in Ekeremor, Bayelsa State, Nigeria","authors":"Omonibeke Anthony D., Odikeme D., Lokobo, A., Ephraim-Emmanuel, B.C.","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6675","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of artisanal refining of crude oil remains rampant within the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with consequent pollution and destruction of the environment as well as exposure of the human population to various pollutants known to cause health problems. It was thus necessary to conduct this study to assess the quality of water and air in communities where artisanal refining of crude oil is carried out in Ekeremor, Bayelsa state, Nigeria. This was a comparative cross-sectional study that was conducted in Peretorugbene community in Ekeremor Local Government Area of Bayelsa state. Water samples from five points (L1-L5) in the study site and one control site (LX were obtained and assessed. Also, air quality assessments were conducted and results were comparatively assessed for significant differences between test and control sites. Results revealed that the water samples from the third sampling site (L3) had the highest levels of chromium of 0.100±0.055, while the first sampling site (L1) had the highest levels of lead of 5.225±0.687. Heavy metals’ concentrations from the water samples obtained from the artisanal refining sites significantly differed from the concentration of the samples from the non-artisanal refining site (p-value: 0.006 [for chromium], p-value: <0.001 [for lead]). Assessment of the concentration of noxious gases in the air at these two differing sites revealed that the carbon monoxide (3.110±0.160), nitrogen oxides (2.870±0.212), and sulfur oxides (2.557±0.105) from the first sampling site (L1) were the highest, and carbon monoxide and nitrous oxides concentration at the non-artisanal refining site was significantly lower from the concentrations at all the artisanal refining sites (p-value: <0.001). Also, the turbidity, temperature, and salinity of the water samples exceeded the allowable standard limits, alongside the lead, cadmium and mercury levels. In this study, it was thus concluded that the turbidity, temperature, and salinity of the water samples exceeded the allowable standard limits, while the conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) in the water samples were below the acceptable standards. Also, the assessed air quality parameters were found to exceed the laid down allowable limits. It was recommended that stakeholders at the federal level of government should strengthen and enforce regulations specifically targeting artisanal refining activities in order to control and monitor their environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"75 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140964636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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