Background: Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) acts as a signaling molecule in the peripheral nerves, regulating myelination after nerve injury. The present study examined whether the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ATP levels in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) are related to disease severity.
Methods: CSF ATP levels in 13 patients with GBS and 18 patients with CIDP were compared with those in a control group of 16 patients with other neurological diseases (ONDs). In patients with CIDP, CSF ATP levels were compared before and after treatment. The correlations between CSF ATP levels and other factors, including clinical data and CSF protein levels, were also evaluated.
Results: Median CSF ATP levels were significantly higher in patients with GBS and CIDP than in those with ONDs. When patients with CIDP were classified into two groups depending on their responsiveness to immunotherapy, median CSF ATP levels were significantly higher in good responders than in ONDs. CSF ATP levels tended to decrease after treatment in patients with CIDP. In patients with CIDP, there is a negative correlation between CSF ATP and CSF protein levels.
Conclusions: CSF ATP levels were increased in patients with GBS and CIDP. In particular, CSF ATP levels tended to decrease following treatment in patients with CIDP. CSF ATP levels may be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis or monitoring of therapeutic effects in patients with GBS and CIDP.
背景：细胞外腺苷-5'-三磷酸（ATP）是周围神经的信号分子，可调节神经损伤后的髓鞘化。本研究探讨了吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）和慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（CIDP）患者的脑脊液（CSF）ATP水平是否与疾病严重程度有关：将13名格林-巴利综合征（GBS）患者和18名CIDP患者的脑脊液ATP水平与16名其他神经系统疾病（OND）对照组患者的脑脊液ATP水平进行比较。在 CIDP 患者中，对治疗前后的 CSF ATP 水平进行了比较。研究还评估了 CSF ATP 水平与其他因素（包括临床数据和 CSF 蛋白水平）之间的相关性：结果：GBS 和 CIDP 患者的 CSF ATP 水平中位数明显高于 OND 患者。根据对免疫疗法的反应程度将CIDP患者分为两组，反应良好者的CSF ATP中位数水平明显高于OND患者。CIDP患者的脑脊液ATP水平在治疗后趋于下降。在CIDP患者中，CSF ATP与CSF蛋白水平呈负相关：结论：GBS 和 CIDP 患者的脑脊液 ATP 水平升高。结论：GBS 和 CIDP 患者的脑脊液 ATP 水平升高，尤其是 CIDP 患者在接受治疗后，脑脊液 ATP 水平呈下降趋势。CSF ATP水平可能是诊断或监测GBS和CIDP患者治疗效果的有用生物标志物。
{"title":"Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate Levels in Patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy.","authors":"Takamasa Nukui, Hideki Niimi, Tomohiro Hayashi, Nobuhiro Dougu, Mamoru Yamamoto, Ryoko Shibuya, Noriyuki Matsuda, Ryo Tanaka, Hiroaki Hirosawa, Risako Furuta, Taichi Mitsui, Hiroki Maesaka, Syuhei Takasawa, Isao Kitajima, Yuji Nakatsuji","doi":"10.1155/2024/7229216","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7229216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) acts as a signaling molecule in the peripheral nerves, regulating myelination after nerve injury. The present study examined whether the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ATP levels in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) are related to disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CSF ATP levels in 13 patients with GBS and 18 patients with CIDP were compared with those in a control group of 16 patients with other neurological diseases (ONDs). In patients with CIDP, CSF ATP levels were compared before and after treatment. The correlations between CSF ATP levels and other factors, including clinical data and CSF protein levels, were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median CSF ATP levels were significantly higher in patients with GBS and CIDP than in those with ONDs. When patients with CIDP were classified into two groups depending on their responsiveness to immunotherapy, median CSF ATP levels were significantly higher in good responders than in ONDs. CSF ATP levels tended to decrease after treatment in patients with CIDP. In patients with CIDP, there is a negative correlation between CSF ATP and CSF protein levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CSF ATP levels were increased in patients with GBS and CIDP. In particular, CSF ATP levels tended to decrease following treatment in patients with CIDP. CSF ATP levels may be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis or monitoring of therapeutic effects in patients with GBS and CIDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7229216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11182687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141420062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2024/6776758
Nassim Zekibakhsh Mohammadi, Amir Sam Kianimoghadam, Niloofar Mikaeili, Seyedeh Samaneh Asgharian, Mahdieh Jafari, Abbas Masjedi-Arani
Sleep disorders and fatigue represent prominent symptoms frequently experienced by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Some psychological factors such as depression, stress, and anxiety seem to have a relationship with such problems. This study aimed to examine the role of depression, stress, and anxiety in predicting sleep disorders and fatigue among patients with MS. Employing a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational design, the study involved a sample size of 252 participants selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. We utilized a demographic information questionnaire along with the Mini-Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to collect data and analyzed them applying SPSS22, incorporating statistical measures including Pearson correlation and regression. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that sleep disorders had a positive and significant relationship with depression (r = 0.56; P < 0.001), stress (r = 0.40; P < 0.001), and anxiety (r = 0.52; P < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between age and the development of sleep disorders in total score (r = -0.001; P < 0.985), but age had a relationship with insomnia (r = -0.146; P < 0.021) and oversleeping (r = 0.153; P < 0.015). Age and fatigue did not have a significant relationship as well (r = -0.044; P < 0.941). In addition, fatigue had a positive and significant relationship with depression (r = 0.52; P < 0.001), stress (r = 0.48; P < 0.001), and anxiety (r = 0.54; P < 0.001). The results of the regression analysis also showed that depression, stress, and anxiety predict 0.37% of the total variance of sleep disorders (F = 48.34; P < 0.001) and 0.35% of the total variance of fatigue (F = 44.64; P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that depression, stress, and anxiety play a significant role in predicting sleep disorders and fatigue among patients with MS. This study has been reported in accordance with the TREND checklist for nonrandomized trials.
{"title":"Sleep Disorders and Fatigue among Patients with MS: The Role of Depression, Stress, and Anxiety.","authors":"Nassim Zekibakhsh Mohammadi, Amir Sam Kianimoghadam, Niloofar Mikaeili, Seyedeh Samaneh Asgharian, Mahdieh Jafari, Abbas Masjedi-Arani","doi":"10.1155/2024/6776758","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6776758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep disorders and fatigue represent prominent symptoms frequently experienced by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Some psychological factors such as depression, stress, and anxiety seem to have a relationship with such problems. This study aimed to examine the role of depression, stress, and anxiety in predicting sleep disorders and fatigue among patients with MS. Employing a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational design, the study involved a sample size of 252 participants selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. We utilized a demographic information questionnaire along with the Mini-Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to collect data and analyzed them applying SPSS<sub>22</sub>, incorporating statistical measures including Pearson correlation and regression. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that sleep disorders had a positive and significant relationship with depression (<i>r</i> = 0.56; <i>P</i> < 0.001), stress (<i>r</i> = 0.40; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and anxiety (<i>r</i> = 0.52; <i>P</i> < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between age and the development of sleep disorders in total score (<i>r</i> = -0.001; <i>P</i> < 0.985), but age had a relationship with insomnia (<i>r</i> = -0.146; <i>P</i> < 0.021) and oversleeping (<i>r</i> = 0.153; <i>P</i> < 0.015). Age and fatigue did not have a significant relationship as well (<i>r</i> = -0.044; <i>P</i> < 0.941). In addition, fatigue had a positive and significant relationship with depression (<i>r</i> = 0.52; <i>P</i> < 0.001), stress (<i>r</i> = 0.48; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and anxiety (<i>r</i> = 0.54; <i>P</i> < 0.001). The results of the regression analysis also showed that depression, stress, and anxiety predict 0.37% of the total variance of sleep disorders (<i>F</i> = 48.34; <i>P</i> < 0.001) and 0.35% of the total variance of fatigue (<i>F</i> = 44.64; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Our findings suggest that depression, stress, and anxiety play a significant role in predicting sleep disorders and fatigue among patients with MS. This study has been reported in accordance with the TREND checklist for nonrandomized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6776758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10843872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leila Beigom Hejazian, S. M. Hosseini, Alireza Salehi
Aluminum (Al) is a popular metal in the industry, and its usage has greatly increased recently. The dose of this metal has been proven to be toxic to rats, but its effects on the offspring of the original receivers and prevention methods to reduce this damage are unknown. Rosa damascena is a well-known plant for its high antioxidant capabilities. In this study, the protective effect of Rosa damascena extract (RDA) on aluminum-induced lesions in the brain tissue of a rat offspring was investigated. In this regard, female rats were divided into seven groups, including the control group, the sham group, the aluminum group at the dose of 100 mg/kg, the extract groups at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg, and the treatment groups that received the extract and Al at the same doses. After the treatment ended, the offsprings were subjected to exploratory behavioral tests, and finally, the tissues of the brain including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus were pathologically examined. It was observed that RDA at the dose of 1000 mg/kg reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels significantly (P < 0.0001), while raising the catalase and FRAP indices in Al-treated rats. Moreover, it increased neuronal counts significantly and reduced necrosis and vacuolar degeneration in both the cortex and hippocampus compared to the Al-receiving group. In addition, the administration of RDA 1000 improved the behavioral test scores of the offspring. In conclusion, RDA can effectively reduce Al-induced damage in the brain tissue of the offspring.
{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Rosa damascena Extract against Aluminum Chloride-Induced Brain Damage in Rat Offspring","authors":"Leila Beigom Hejazian, S. M. Hosseini, Alireza Salehi","doi":"10.1155/2023/5342849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5342849","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum (Al) is a popular metal in the industry, and its usage has greatly increased recently. The dose of this metal has been proven to be toxic to rats, but its effects on the offspring of the original receivers and prevention methods to reduce this damage are unknown. Rosa damascena is a well-known plant for its high antioxidant capabilities. In this study, the protective effect of Rosa damascena extract (RDA) on aluminum-induced lesions in the brain tissue of a rat offspring was investigated. In this regard, female rats were divided into seven groups, including the control group, the sham group, the aluminum group at the dose of 100 mg/kg, the extract groups at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg, and the treatment groups that received the extract and Al at the same doses. After the treatment ended, the offsprings were subjected to exploratory behavioral tests, and finally, the tissues of the brain including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus were pathologically examined. It was observed that RDA at the dose of 1000 mg/kg reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels significantly (P < 0.0001), while raising the catalase and FRAP indices in Al-treated rats. Moreover, it increased neuronal counts significantly and reduced necrosis and vacuolar degeneration in both the cortex and hippocampus compared to the Al-receiving group. In addition, the administration of RDA 1000 improved the behavioral test scores of the offspring. In conclusion, RDA can effectively reduce Al-induced damage in the brain tissue of the offspring.","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138604434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanaz Salaramoli, Hamid Reza Joshaghani, Seyed Isaac Hashemy
Finding reliable biomarkers has a crucial role in Parkinson's disease (PD) assessments. Saliva is a bodily fluid, which might be used as a source of biomarkers for PD. Our article has reviewed several publications on salivary proteins in PD patients and their potential as biomarkers. We find out that α-Syn's proportion in oligomeric form is higher in PD patients' saliva, which is potent to use as a biomarker for PD. The salivary concentration of DJ-1 and alpha-amylase is lower in PD patients. Also, substance P level is more moderate in PD patients. Although salivary flow rate is decreased in PD patients, high levels of heme oxygenase and acetylcholinesterase might be used as noninvasive biomarkers. Salivary miRNAs (miR-153, miR-223, miR-874, and miR-145-3p) are novel diagnostic biomarkers that should be given more attention.
{"title":"Salivary Biomarkers: Noninvasive Ways for Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Sanaz Salaramoli, Hamid Reza Joshaghani, Seyed Isaac Hashemy","doi":"10.1155/2023/3555418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3555418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finding reliable biomarkers has a crucial role in Parkinson's disease (PD) assessments. Saliva is a bodily fluid, which might be used as a source of biomarkers for PD. Our article has reviewed several publications on salivary proteins in PD patients and their potential as biomarkers. We find out that <i>α</i>-Syn's proportion in oligomeric form is higher in PD patients' saliva, which is potent to use as a biomarker for PD. The salivary concentration of DJ-1 and alpha-amylase is lower in PD patients. Also, substance P level is more moderate in PD patients. Although salivary flow rate is decreased in PD patients, high levels of heme oxygenase and acetylcholinesterase might be used as noninvasive biomarkers. Salivary miRNAs (miR-153, miR-223, miR-874, and miR-145-3p) are novel diagnostic biomarkers that should be given more attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"3555418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10332915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9869902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition, predominantly affecting older adults. Preference-based measures (PBMs) can be used to make decisions about the cost-utility of different treatments. There are currently no PBMs for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for PD. A previous study identified important health domains for individuals with PD and developed an item pool from existing measures per domain. The current study aims to contribute to the development of a new disease-specific PBM of HRQoL for PD by reducing the current pool of items according to the preferences of individuals with PD. Methods Fifty-three participants completed a visual analogue scale (VAS) of self-perceived health, the prototype PBM measure, and an item importance rating. To reduce the item pool, the following were calculated: (1) inter-item correlations; (2) impact of each item based on item performance and importance rating; (3) directionality of response options by comparing the VAS scores against each item. Results Participants (male = 54.7%, age = 60.0 ± 10.2) had a median Hoehn and Yahr score of 2.5 (interquartile range = 1). Items supported for inclusion by this analysis were sleep, fatigue, tremor, mood, walking, memory, and dexterity. Items demonstrating a logical decrease in VAS score with each increasing severity level were sleep, memory, tremor, fatigue, and mood. Conclusion This PBM will be critical for informing decisions about the cost-utility of PD treatments, guiding the resource allocation within our healthcare system. Future research will include cognitive debriefing with individuals with PD to refine item response options.
{"title":"Item Selection for a New Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Parkinson's Disease: The Preference-Based Parkinson's Disease Index (PB-PDI).","authors":"Selina Malouka, Lizabeth Teshler, Nancy Mayo, Marla Beauchamp, Julie Richardson, Ayse Kuspinar","doi":"10.1155/2023/6559857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6559857","url":null,"abstract":"Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition, predominantly affecting older adults. Preference-based measures (PBMs) can be used to make decisions about the cost-utility of different treatments. There are currently no PBMs for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for PD. A previous study identified important health domains for individuals with PD and developed an item pool from existing measures per domain. The current study aims to contribute to the development of a new disease-specific PBM of HRQoL for PD by reducing the current pool of items according to the preferences of individuals with PD. Methods Fifty-three participants completed a visual analogue scale (VAS) of self-perceived health, the prototype PBM measure, and an item importance rating. To reduce the item pool, the following were calculated: (1) inter-item correlations; (2) impact of each item based on item performance and importance rating; (3) directionality of response options by comparing the VAS scores against each item. Results Participants (male = 54.7%, age = 60.0 ± 10.2) had a median Hoehn and Yahr score of 2.5 (interquartile range = 1). Items supported for inclusion by this analysis were sleep, fatigue, tremor, mood, walking, memory, and dexterity. Items demonstrating a logical decrease in VAS score with each increasing severity level were sleep, memory, tremor, fatigue, and mood. Conclusion This PBM will be critical for informing decisions about the cost-utility of PD treatments, guiding the resource allocation within our healthcare system. Future research will include cognitive debriefing with individuals with PD to refine item response options.","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"6559857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9876679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10584407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaroslava Yu Havlovska, Nataliya V Lytvynenko, Anastasiia D Shkodina
40-70% of patients after a stroke, including a mild one, may experience cognitive impairment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and rehabilitation of ischemic stroke and also affects the patients' recovery prognosis. An association between cognitive impairment in the poststroke period and lower peripheral BDNF levels is known, but the prognostic significance of serum BDNF levels and clinical characteristics for the risk of developing cognitive impairment in the acute period remains uncertain. We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. Clinical examination, assessment of neurological status, neuropsychological testing, and laboratory analyzes were performed on patients at 1 and 14 days after ischemic stroke. The state of cognitive functions was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination scale. Quantification of BDNF in blood serum was performed by solid-phaseenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that within 14 days after an acute ischemic stroke, we found a decrease in the clinical severity of patients compared to 1 day of the onset of the disease before the start of treatment and a significant decrease in the level of BDNF in the blood serum of patients with ischemic stroke both on the first and on the 14th day. However, during the 2 weeks of the acute period, no significant changes were detected, despite the general improvement of the clinical condition. In our study, cognitive impairment was found in almost half of the patients on the first day of ischemic stroke, and there was no significant reduction in this prevalence over 2 weeks. We found that a low level of BDNF and a thrombotic subtype of ischemic stroke can be risk factors for cognitive impairment in the acute period, which can be useful in planning treatment and rehabilitation measures.
{"title":"Serum Level of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Thrombotic Type Are Predictive of Cognitive Impairment in the Acute Period of Ischemic Strokes Patients.","authors":"Yaroslava Yu Havlovska, Nataliya V Lytvynenko, Anastasiia D Shkodina","doi":"10.1155/2023/5578850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5578850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>40-70% of patients after a stroke, including a mild one, may experience cognitive impairment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and rehabilitation of ischemic stroke and also affects the patients' recovery prognosis. An association between cognitive impairment in the poststroke period and lower peripheral BDNF levels is known, but the prognostic significance of serum BDNF levels and clinical characteristics for the risk of developing cognitive impairment in the acute period remains uncertain. We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. Clinical examination, assessment of neurological status, neuropsychological testing, and laboratory analyzes were performed on patients at 1 and 14 days after ischemic stroke. The state of cognitive functions was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination scale. Quantification of BDNF in blood serum was performed by solid-phaseenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that within 14 days after an acute ischemic stroke, we found a decrease in the clinical severity of patients compared to 1 day of the onset of the disease before the start of treatment and a significant decrease in the level of BDNF in the blood serum of patients with ischemic stroke both on the first and on the 14th day. However, during the 2 weeks of the acute period, no significant changes were detected, despite the general improvement of the clinical condition. In our study, cognitive impairment was found in almost half of the patients on the first day of ischemic stroke, and there was no significant reduction in this prevalence over 2 weeks. We found that a low level of BDNF and a thrombotic subtype of ischemic stroke can be risk factors for cognitive impairment in the acute period, which can be useful in planning treatment and rehabilitation measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5578850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10033208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9193629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Chronic migraine, being a debilitating headache disorder, needs assessment of the risk factors implicated in its occurrence. We investigated the potential role of obesity as a risk for chronic migraine in premenopausal females with episodic migraine. Methods In this analytical study, body fat% was compared between episodic and chronic migraine patient groups. The standard criteria of the international classification of headache disorder were used for the diagnosis. Demographic data, clinical details of migraine, and anthropometric measurements were collected using structured questions and standardized techniques. Pearson's correlation (r) was estimated to assess the concordance between body fat% and migraine frequency. High body fat%'s implication on chronic migraine which was adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and the use of oral contraceptives was determined using logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 168 premenopausal female migraineurs, with a mean (Standard deviation) age of 33.0 (±9.0) years, were enrolled in the study. BMI and high body fat% were significantly associated with chronic migraine (p < 0.05). There was a weak positive, but significant, correlation between body fat% and migraine frequency (r = 0.185, p < 0.017). The presence of high body fat was found to increase the risk of chronic migraine by 2.8 times (confidence interval 1.4–5.6; p < 0.003). Conclusion The amount of fat mass in the body relates to the clinical characteristics of migraine. There is an increased risk of developing chronic migraine in patients having high body fat. Weight control measures can be targeted for the prevention of migraine worsening.
背景:慢性偏头痛是一种使人衰弱的头痛疾病，需要对其发生的危险因素进行评估。我们调查了肥胖作为绝经前女性发作性偏头痛的慢性偏头痛风险的潜在作用。方法在本分析性研究中，比较发作性和慢性偏头痛患者组的体脂率。采用国际头痛疾病分类标准进行诊断。使用结构化问题和标准化技术收集人口统计数据、偏头痛的临床细节和人体测量数据。估计Pearson相关性(r)来评估体脂率与偏头痛频率之间的一致性。采用logistic回归分析确定高体脂率与慢性偏头痛(经体重指数(BMI)调整)和口服避孕药使用的关系。结果共纳入168例绝经前女性偏头痛患者，平均(标准差)年龄为33.0(±9.0)岁。BMI和高体脂率与慢性偏头痛有显著相关性(p < 0.05)。体脂率与偏头痛频率呈弱正相关(r = 0.185, p < 0.017)。高体脂的存在使慢性偏头痛的风险增加2.8倍(置信区间1.4-5.6;P < 0.003)。结论体内脂肪量与偏头痛的临床特征有关。体脂高的患者患慢性偏头痛的风险增加。体重控制措施可以有针对性地预防偏头痛的恶化。
{"title":"Implication of High Body Fat Percentage on Migraine Chronification in Premenopausal Females","authors":"P. Ojha, V. Malhotra","doi":"10.1155/2022/8219254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8219254","url":null,"abstract":"Background Chronic migraine, being a debilitating headache disorder, needs assessment of the risk factors implicated in its occurrence. We investigated the potential role of obesity as a risk for chronic migraine in premenopausal females with episodic migraine. Methods In this analytical study, body fat% was compared between episodic and chronic migraine patient groups. The standard criteria of the international classification of headache disorder were used for the diagnosis. Demographic data, clinical details of migraine, and anthropometric measurements were collected using structured questions and standardized techniques. Pearson's correlation (r) was estimated to assess the concordance between body fat% and migraine frequency. High body fat%'s implication on chronic migraine which was adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and the use of oral contraceptives was determined using logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 168 premenopausal female migraineurs, with a mean (Standard deviation) age of 33.0 (±9.0) years, were enrolled in the study. BMI and high body fat% were significantly associated with chronic migraine (p < 0.05). There was a weak positive, but significant, correlation between body fat% and migraine frequency (r = 0.185, p < 0.017). The presence of high body fat was found to increase the risk of chronic migraine by 2.8 times (confidence interval 1.4–5.6; p < 0.003). Conclusion The amount of fat mass in the body relates to the clinical characteristics of migraine. There is an increased risk of developing chronic migraine in patients having high body fat. Weight control measures can be targeted for the prevention of migraine worsening.","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87790059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gard Aasmund Skulstad Johanson, O. Tysnes, T. Bjerknes
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire study was performed, where 41 ALS patients reported their use of off-label treatments, as well as self-perceived HRQOL using the RAND-12 questionnaire. Results A majority of respondents used riluzole. Of the 41 respondents, 18 (43.9%) reported use of off-label medications and 18 (43.9%) used nutritional supplements. Low-dose naltrexone was the most commonly used off-label medication, whereas vitamins accounted for most of the nutritional supplements. The respondents' RAND-12 component scores were significantly lower than those of the general population. Low-dose naltrexone and vitamin B were associated with a better physical component score. Conclusions Most of the respondents in our study adhere to the recommended treatment protocols, as less than half of them reported using off-label medications or nutritional supplements against ALS. Positive correlations between physical HRQOL and use of low-dose naltrexone or vitamin B were demonstrated. These results warrant further investigations.
{"title":"Use of Off-Label Drugs and Nutrition Supplements among Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Norway","authors":"Gard Aasmund Skulstad Johanson, O. Tysnes, T. Bjerknes","doi":"10.1155/2022/1789946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1789946","url":null,"abstract":"Materials and Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire study was performed, where 41 ALS patients reported their use of off-label treatments, as well as self-perceived HRQOL using the RAND-12 questionnaire. Results A majority of respondents used riluzole. Of the 41 respondents, 18 (43.9%) reported use of off-label medications and 18 (43.9%) used nutritional supplements. Low-dose naltrexone was the most commonly used off-label medication, whereas vitamins accounted for most of the nutritional supplements. The respondents' RAND-12 component scores were significantly lower than those of the general population. Low-dose naltrexone and vitamin B were associated with a better physical component score. Conclusions Most of the respondents in our study adhere to the recommended treatment protocols, as less than half of them reported using off-label medications or nutritional supplements against ALS. Positive correlations between physical HRQOL and use of low-dose naltrexone or vitamin B were demonstrated. These results warrant further investigations.","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75024594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anas A. Alalwan, Mohammad A. Alkhamis, A. Samman, Enan H. M. Alsharif, Omar E Tarabzoni, I. Khatri
Background Tourette's syndrome (TS), a chronic, often disabling neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics, is frequently misdiagnosed, or patients are delayed in diagnosis. There is severe deficiency of research about Tourette's syndrome (TS) in the Middle East region. Objectives To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of medical students and primary care physicians (PCPs) about TS and tic disorders. Methods IRB approved, cross-sectional study. A total of 316 medical students of King Saud bin Abdulaziz University and 59 primary care physicians of Riyadh participated. Convenient, cluster sampling was used. A validated, self-administered questionnaire was used. Sum of all knowledge questions was calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results Survey was completed by 375 students and physicians, of whom 253 (67.5%) were men. Mean general knowledge score was 61.5 (±12.04) out of 100. Majority (66.1%) knew the diagnostic criteria for TS; only 46.1% considered antipsychotics as effective treatment. Only 25.1% had ever heard of habit reversal; 70% wanted to learn more. Only 10% of physicians had treated a patient with TS. There was no difference in knowledge between men and women (p=0.776). Board-certified physicians had a higher knowledge score (p < 0.05). Family physicians demonstrated higher level of knowledge compared to other physicians (p < 0.05). There was no difference between knowledge of students of different years (p=0.859) or between students and physicians (p=0.569). Conclusion There was alarming lack of knowledge about Tourette syndrome at various level of medical training and practice including students and physicians. Those who achieved board certification and practiced as family physicians fared better in knowledge about Tourette's syndrome.
{"title":"The Assessment of Knowledge about Tourette's Syndrome among Medical Students and Primary Physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Anas A. Alalwan, Mohammad A. Alkhamis, A. Samman, Enan H. M. Alsharif, Omar E Tarabzoni, I. Khatri","doi":"10.1155/2022/3018305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3018305","url":null,"abstract":"Background Tourette's syndrome (TS), a chronic, often disabling neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics, is frequently misdiagnosed, or patients are delayed in diagnosis. There is severe deficiency of research about Tourette's syndrome (TS) in the Middle East region. Objectives To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of medical students and primary care physicians (PCPs) about TS and tic disorders. Methods IRB approved, cross-sectional study. A total of 316 medical students of King Saud bin Abdulaziz University and 59 primary care physicians of Riyadh participated. Convenient, cluster sampling was used. A validated, self-administered questionnaire was used. Sum of all knowledge questions was calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results Survey was completed by 375 students and physicians, of whom 253 (67.5%) were men. Mean general knowledge score was 61.5 (±12.04) out of 100. Majority (66.1%) knew the diagnostic criteria for TS; only 46.1% considered antipsychotics as effective treatment. Only 25.1% had ever heard of habit reversal; 70% wanted to learn more. Only 10% of physicians had treated a patient with TS. There was no difference in knowledge between men and women (p=0.776). Board-certified physicians had a higher knowledge score (p < 0.05). Family physicians demonstrated higher level of knowledge compared to other physicians (p < 0.05). There was no difference between knowledge of students of different years (p=0.859) or between students and physicians (p=0.569). Conclusion There was alarming lack of knowledge about Tourette syndrome at various level of medical training and practice including students and physicians. Those who achieved board certification and practiced as family physicians fared better in knowledge about Tourette's syndrome.","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79158056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2022/1838682
Vijay Renga
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment or cure. ALS is characterized by the death of lower motor neurons (LMNs) in the spinal cord and upper motor neurons (UMNs) in the brain and their networks. Since the lower motor neurons are under the control of UMN and the networks, cortical degeneration may play a vital role in the pathophysiology of ALS. These changes that are not apparent on routine imaging with CT scans or MRI brain can be identified using modalities such as diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, arterial spin labelling (ASL), electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetoencephalogram (MEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and positron emission tomography (PET) scan. They can help us generate a representation of brain networks and connectivity that can be visualized and parsed out to characterize and quantify the underlying pathophysiology in ALS. In addition, network analysis using graph measures provides a novel way of understanding the complex network changes occurring in the brain. These have the potential to become biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of ALS. This article is a systematic review and overview of the various connectivity and network-based studies in ALS.
{"title":"Brain Connectivity and Network Analysis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.","authors":"Vijay Renga","doi":"10.1155/2022/1838682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1838682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment or cure. ALS is characterized by the death of lower motor neurons (LMNs) in the spinal cord and upper motor neurons (UMNs) in the brain and their networks. Since the lower motor neurons are under the control of UMN and the networks, cortical degeneration may play a vital role in the pathophysiology of ALS. These changes that are not apparent on routine imaging with CT scans or MRI brain can be identified using modalities such as diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, arterial spin labelling (ASL), electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetoencephalogram (MEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and positron emission tomography (PET) scan. They can help us generate a representation of brain networks and connectivity that can be visualized and parsed out to characterize and quantify the underlying pathophysiology in ALS. In addition, network analysis using graph measures provides a novel way of understanding the complex network changes occurring in the brain. These have the potential to become biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of ALS. This article is a systematic review and overview of the various connectivity and network-based studies in ALS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2022 ","pages":"1838682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8844436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39809854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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