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2007 2nd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware最新文献

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Survivable Routing in WDM Weighted Networks WDM加权网络中的生存性路由
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382442
Debasis Mandal, Satyajit Nath, Bivas Mitra
In this paper, we investigate the problem of routing lightpaths on an arbitrary physical topology following a Design Protection approach, such that virtual topology remains connected even after the failure of a single fiber link. This is called survivable routing. It is known to be an NP-complete problem. To address the problem, first, we have proved that embedded Hamiltonian circuit in a mesh network is a must for its survivability. Then using a polynomial time algorithm for generating Hamiltonian circuit i.e. embedded ring virtual topology, we establish lightpaths to the ring. Finally, we design two RWA algorithms to assign lightpaths to other requests in the network, giving priority to wavelength and traffic respectively. We analyze the numerical results obtained for random undirected networks with random normal traffic demands with performance metrics such as maximum one-hop and minimum multi-hop protected traffic, wavelength utilization, number of multi-hops, Buffer size etc.
在本文中,我们研究了遵循设计保护方法在任意物理拓扑上路由光路的问题,使虚拟拓扑即使在单个光纤链路故障后仍保持连接。这被称为生存性路由。已知这是一个np完全问题。为了解决这个问题,首先,我们证明了在网状网络中嵌入哈密顿电路是网状网络生存能力的必要条件。然后利用多项式时间算法生成哈密顿电路,即嵌入环虚拟拓扑,建立到环的光路。最后,我们设计了两种RWA算法来为网络中的其他请求分配光路,分别优先考虑波长和流量。我们分析了随机无向网络的数值结果,该网络具有随机正常流量需求,具有最大单跳和最小多跳保护流量、波长利用率、多跳数、缓冲区大小等性能指标。
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引用次数: 4
A Multi-Broker Trust Management Framework for Resource Selection in Grid 网格资源选择的多代理信任管理框架
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382492
P. Varalakshmi, S. Selvi, M. Pradeep
Trust management is an important issue in a grid environment where consumers and service providers are distributed geographically across autonomous administrative domains. In this paper, we propose a reputation-based trust management architecture that supports the choice of service providers (SPs) based on their trust values available on the fly through the intermediaries, brokers. This architecture insists on multiple brokers in each domain. The entities (consumers and the SPs) are distributed across these brokers, with each of these entities being associated with more than one broker. This improves the redundancy of information maintained at the broker sites, thereby improving the reliability. This also eases the network traffic at the broker sites while handling consumer requests and feedbacks. The issues rising out of such an arrangement of multiple brokers, namely the distribution of entities among the brokers and maintenance of consistency of information across the brokers, are addressed well in this paper. Trust values of SPs and consumers are evaluated and updated dynamically after the completion of each transaction. This enables the consumer to receive the response from the broker significantly quicker compared to other reputation-based-trust models where the trust values are computed at the request-time. Trust parameters such as the number of transactions, satisfaction-value, and cost of transaction, criticality of transaction, different weights for direct and indirect transactions and different weights for past and recent transactions are considered for the trust evaluation. This model shows a marked improvement in reduction of the cost-loss to the consumer community and reduction in the waiting time for handling the consumer's requests over other models which operate without trust and with trust computed at the request-time. The impact of broker's feedback on the computation of trust values is also presented.
在网格环境中,信任管理是一个重要问题,在网格环境中,消费者和服务提供者在地理上分布在自治管理域之间。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于声誉的信任管理体系结构,该体系结构支持服务提供商(sp)的选择,该服务提供商(sp)的选择基于其通过中介、代理动态可用的信任值。这种体系结构坚持在每个域中使用多个代理。实体(消费者和服务提供商)分布在这些代理上,其中每个实体都与多个代理相关联。这提高了在代理站点上维护的信息的冗余性,从而提高了可靠性。在处理消费者请求和反馈时,这也减轻了代理站点的网络流量。本文很好地解决了这种多个代理的安排所产生的问题,即代理之间的实体分布和跨代理的信息一致性维护。在每笔交易完成后,对sp和消费者的信任值进行动态评估和更新。与其他基于信誉的信任模型(在请求时计算信任值)相比,这使得使用者能够更快地接收来自代理的响应。信任评价考虑了交易数量、满意值、交易成本等信任参数、交易的关键性、直接交易和间接交易的不同权重、过去交易和最近交易的不同权重。与其他模型相比,该模型在减少消费者社区的成本损失和减少处理消费者请求的等待时间方面有明显的改进,这些模型在没有信任和在请求时计算信任的情况下运行。给出了代理反馈对信任值计算的影响。
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引用次数: 23
Impact of Network Dynamics on Tardiness of Data in Sensor Networks 网络动力学对传感器网络中数据延迟性的影响
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382433
Tarun Banka, A. Jayasumana
Impact of random delays and losses in sensor networks manifests in the form of tardiness of data used for processing at the sink nodes. The age of data used by the end application can impact the accuracy of the end results, and may produce detrimental consequences for many real-time sensing applications. This paper uses a tardiness measure for quantitatively capturing the lateness of the data due to network dynamics, and presents an analytical model relating the network delay, network packet loss rate, packet reordering, and sampling rate to the tardiness. We extend this model to provide aggregate weighted tardiness of data at fusion nodes. The tardiness model is validated using simulation results. We also investigate the tradeoffs between energy consumption and tardiness when desired tardiness is achieved by adjusting sampling rate and transmission power of the sensors nodes. Other potential applications of proposed tardiness measure includes determination of the active/sleep period of MAC layer to meet application goals, and comparison of routing protocols based on their impact on tardiness, and hence the application in real-time sensor networks.
随机延迟和损失对传感器网络的影响表现为接收节点处理数据的延迟。最终应用程序使用的数据的年龄可能会影响最终结果的准确性,并可能对许多实时传感应用产生有害后果。本文采用延迟度量定量捕捉网络动态导致的数据延迟,并提出了网络延迟、网络丢包率、数据包重排序和采样率与延迟的分析模型。我们扩展了该模型,以提供融合节点上数据的加权延迟性。用仿真结果验证了延迟模型的有效性。我们还研究了通过调整采样率和传感器节点的传输功率来达到期望的延迟时,能量消耗和延迟之间的权衡。延迟度量的其他潜在应用包括确定MAC层的活动/休眠周期以满足应用目标,以及基于对延迟影响的路由协议的比较,从而在实时传感器网络中的应用。
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引用次数: 5
Sequence Design for Symbol-Asynchronous CDMA with Power or Rate Constraints 具有功率或速率约束的符号异步CDMA序列设计
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382450
J. Kasturi, R. Sundaresan
Sequence design and resource allocation for a symbol-asynchronous chip-synchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) system is considered in this paper. A simple lower bound on the minimum sum-power required for a non-oversized system, based on the best achievable for a non-spread system, and an analogous upper bound on the sum rate are first summarised. Subsequently, an algorithm of Sundaresan and Padakandla is shown to achieve the lower bound on minimum sum power (upper bound on sum rate, respectively). Analogous to the synchronous case, by splitting oversized users in a system with processing gain N, a system with no oversized users is easily obtained, and the lower bound on sum power (upper bound on sum rate, respectively) is shown to be achieved by using N orthogonal sequences. The total number of splits is at most N-1.
研究了符号-异步芯片-同步码分多址(CDMA)系统的序列设计和资源分配问题。基于非扩展系统的最佳可达值,首先总结了非超大系统所需最小和功率的简单下界,以及和速率的类似上界。随后,给出了Sundaresan和Padakandla算法,分别实现了最小和幂的下界(和速率的上界)。与同步情况类似,通过在一个处理增益为N的系统中分割超大用户,可以很容易地得到一个没有超大用户的系统,并且表明使用N个正交序列可以实现和功率的下界(分别是和速率的上界)。分裂的总数不超过N-1。
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引用次数: 1
A Comprehensive Call Management Strategy for Congestion Control in Cellular Networks 蜂窝网络拥塞控制的综合呼叫管理策略
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382606
N. V. Marathe, G. Biradar, U. Desai, S. Merchant
Congestion in cellular networks during peak hours and at hot spots is a major problem being faced today almost everywhere especially in metro cities. Even though capacity increase seems to be a natural solution to this problem, it is not economically viable due to heavy infrastructure costs involved. As the traffic demand is continuously increasing the problem of congestion is going to remain forever and therefore needs to be effectively addressed. Our proposed scheme tries to address the problem of congestion in cellular networks by introducing a new concept of call duration control coupled with dynamic pricing and call-on-hold principle. Long duration calls in the network is one of the major reasons for congestion in the network. We propose to restrict the duration of such calls depending upon traffic conditions. At heavy traffic conditions the network restricts the duration of ongoing calls upto a specific time beyond which the user has to pay at a higher tariff. At the same time a principle of call-on-hold is also implemented so that if a newly generated call does not get a traffic channel then it is not blocked but is put on hold in a queue hoping to get a channel soon. Our scheme reduces the level of congestion substantially without any compromise with system utilization and at the same time it also marginally increases the revenue per unit time.
蜂窝网络在高峰时段和热点地区的拥塞是当今几乎所有地方都面临的主要问题,尤其是在大都市。尽管产能增加似乎是解决这个问题的自然方法,但由于涉及到沉重的基础设施成本,从经济上讲,这是不可行的。随着交通需求的不断增加,交通拥堵问题将永远存在,因此需要有效地解决。我们提出的方案试图通过引入呼叫持续时间控制的新概念以及动态定价和呼叫保持原则来解决蜂窝网络中的拥塞问题。网络中呼叫时间过长是造成网络拥塞的主要原因之一。我们建议根据交通情况限制这类通话的时间。在流量大的情况下,网络将通话时长限制在特定时间内,超过该时间用户必须支付更高的资费。同时,还实现了呼叫保持原则,以便如果新生成的呼叫没有获得流量通道,那么它不会被阻塞,而是在希望很快获得通道的队列中保持。我们的方案在不影响系统利用率的情况下大大降低了拥塞水平,同时也略微增加了单位时间的收入。
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引用次数: 4
A Scalable Middleware for Creating and Managing Autonomous Overlays 用于创建和管理自治覆盖的可扩展中间件
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382561
Khaldoon Shami, D. Magoni, P. Lorenz
Many distributed applications build overlays on top of the Internet. Several unsolved issues at the network layer can explain this trend to implement network services such as multicast, mobility and security at the application layer. On one hand, overlays creating basic topologies are usually limited in flexibility and scalability. On the other hand, overlays creating complex topologies require some form of application level addressing, routing and naming mechanisms. Our aim is to design an efficient and robust addressing, routing and naming middleware for building and managing these complex overlays. Our only assumption is that they are deployed over the Internet topology. Applications that use our middleware will be relieved from managing their own overlay topologies. Our middleware architecture is based on the separation of the naming and the addressing planes and provides a convergence plane for the current heterogeneous Internet environment. To implement this property, we have designed a scalable distributed κ-resilient name to address binding system. This paper describes the design of our middleware and presents some performance results concerning its routing scalability, its path inflation efficiency and its resilience to network dynamics.
许多分布式应用程序都是建立在Internet之上的。网络层的几个未解决的问题可以解释在应用层实现多播、移动性和安全性等网络服务的趋势。一方面,创建基本拓扑的覆盖通常在灵活性和可伸缩性方面受到限制。另一方面,创建复杂拓扑的覆盖层需要某种形式的应用程序级寻址、路由和命名机制。我们的目标是设计一个高效和健壮的寻址、路由和命名中间件来构建和管理这些复杂的覆盖。我们唯一的假设是它们部署在Internet拓扑结构上。使用我们中间件的应用程序将从管理它们自己的覆盖拓扑中解脱出来。我们的中间件体系结构基于命名平面和寻址平面的分离,并为当前异构Internet环境提供了一个汇聚平面。为了实现这一特性,我们设计了一个可扩展的分布式κ弹性名称地址绑定系统。本文描述了该中间件的设计,并给出了其路由可扩展性、路径膨胀效率和网络动态弹性方面的性能结果。
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引用次数: 4
Exploiting Energy-aware Spatial Correlation in Wireless Sensor Networks 利用无线传感器网络中的能量感知空间相关
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382466
G. Shah, M. Bozyigit
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) promise fine-grain monitoring in a wide variety of applications, which require dense sensor nodes deployment. Due to high density of nodes, spatially redundant or correlated data is generated. Redundancy increases the reliability level of information delivery but increases the energy consumption of the nodes too. Since energy conservation is a key issue for WSNs, therefore, spatial correlation can be exploited to deactivate some of the nodes generating redundant information. In this paper, we present an energy-aware spatial correlation based on a clustering protocol. In this approach, only the cluster-heads are responsible of exploiting spatial correlation of their member nodes and selecting the appropriate member nodes to remain active. The correlation is based on the distortion tolerance and the residual energy of member nodes. Each cluster-head divides its clustered region into correlation regions and selects a representative node in each correlation region which is closer to the center of correlation region and has the higher residual energy. Hence, the whole field is represented by a subset of active nodes which perform the task well. Simulation results prove that the required reporting rate can be achieved with lesser number of nodes by exploiting spatial correlation and eventually conserving the nodes energy.
无线传感器网络(wsn)有望在各种需要密集传感器节点部署的应用中进行细粒度监测。由于节点密度大,会产生空间冗余或相关的数据。冗余提高了信息传递的可靠性,但也增加了节点的能耗。由于能量节约是无线传感器网络的一个关键问题,因此,可以利用空间相关性来停用一些产生冗余信息的节点。本文提出了一种基于聚类协议的能量感知空间相关算法。在这种方法中,只有簇头负责利用其成员节点的空间相关性并选择适当的成员节点保持活动状态。该关联是基于成员节点的畸变容限和剩余能量。每个簇头将其所属的聚类区域划分为多个相关区域,并在每个相关区域中选择一个距离相关区域中心较近且剩余能量较高的代表节点。因此,整个字段由执行任务良好的活动节点子集表示。仿真结果表明,利用空间相关性可以在较少的节点数量下达到所需的报告率,从而节约节点能量。
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引用次数: 45
Bridging the Network Reservation Gap Using Overlays 使用覆盖桥接网络保留间隙
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382490
A. Stavrou, D. Turner, A. Keromytis, V. Prevelakis
We propose the concept of Overlay-linked IntServ (OLIntServ), a system architecture that combines network overlays with intra-domain QoS to provide assured communications over the Internet, while allowing ISPs to extend the reach of their currently under-utilized IntServ services. We describe our system prototype, and provide some preliminary experimental results on its efficacy.
我们提出了覆盖链接IntServ (OLIntServ)的概念,这是一种将网络覆盖与域内QoS相结合的系统架构,可以在互联网上提供可靠的通信,同时允许isp扩展其当前未充分利用的IntServ服务的覆盖范围。我们描述了我们的系统原型,并提供了一些初步的实验结果。
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引用次数: 0
A Relative Ad hoc Localization Scheme using Optical Wireless 一种基于光无线的相对自组织定位方案
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382580
J. Akella, M. Yuksel, S. Kalyanaraman
Directional communication (for example, using directional antennas or free-space optics) has the potential to dramatically increase capacity reuse in multi-hop wireless mesh and ad hoc networks. What is less appreciated is that directional communications can also simplify network layer functions. In this paper, we show how directionality (combined with ranging) can be used to construct a scalable, fully distributed localization system and assign "relative" coordinates to each node (without the need for GPS) that can be used by highly scalable geographic routing systems. We show that range and orientation-based localization schemes (ROL) scale better than range-only or orientation-only localization schemes (e.g., triangulation) for such applications. We present simulations studying scalability, effect of errors (both range and directionality) and compare performance with triangulation methods. Finally, we discuss how such an ROL scheme can be realized with optical wireless nodes, based upon our ongoing efforts to build ad hoc and meshed networks using both FSO and RF technologies.
定向通信(例如,使用定向天线或自由空间光学)具有在多跳无线网格和自组织网络中显著增加容量重用的潜力。不太受重视的是,定向通信还可以简化网络层的功能。在本文中,我们展示了如何使用方向性(结合测距)来构建一个可扩展的、完全分布式的定位系统,并为每个节点分配“相对”坐标(不需要GPS),这些坐标可用于高度可扩展的地理路由系统。我们表明,对于此类应用,基于距离和方向的定位方案(ROL)比仅距离或仅方向的定位方案(例如三角测量)具有更好的可伸缩性。我们提出了模拟研究可扩展性,误差(范围和方向性)的影响,并比较性能与三角测量方法。最后,基于我们正在进行的使用FSO和RF技术构建自组织和网状网络的努力,我们讨论了如何使用光无线节点实现这样的ROL方案。
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引用次数: 16
A Novel Method for Authentication Optimization during Handover in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks 异构无线网络切换过程中认证优化的新方法
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382496
R. Rajavelsamy, Venkateswar Jeedigunta, O. Song
This paper presents a solution for optimizing network access authentication procedure and security context transfer during vertical handover in heterogeneous wireless networks (HWN). Security in HWN is a major challenge due to the vastly different security architectures used within each network. Currently, standardization working groups study the optimization of authentication procedure and security context transfer for seamless handover between heterogeneous networks. The goal of this paper is to provide a security frame work that accounts for heterogeneity in wireless access networks without degrading the level of security currently provided by the individual wireless systems. We propose a new frame work for access network specific authentication optimization and security context transfer during vertical handover preparation phase. We also demonstrate how the proposed security frame work provides improvement in the handover performance.
提出了一种优化异构无线网络(HWN)垂直切换时网络接入认证过程和安全上下文传递的解决方案。由于每个网络中使用的安全体系结构差异很大,因此HWN中的安全性是一个主要挑战。目前,标准化工作组正在研究异构网络间无缝切换的认证流程优化和安全上下文传递。本文的目标是在不降低当前单个无线系统提供的安全级别的情况下,提供一个考虑无线接入网络异构性的安全框架。我们提出了一个新的框架,用于接入网特定的认证优化和垂直切换准备阶段的安全上下文传递。我们还演示了所建议的安全框架如何改进移交性能。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
2007 2nd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware
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