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2007 2nd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware最新文献

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A Fair and Effective Scheduling Algorithm for Multi-Agent Systems 一种公平有效的多智能体系统调度算法
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382583
V. Ranatunga, Akira Hosokawa, K. Kinoshita, N. Yamai, K. Murakami
With the rapid increase of global connectivity, various types of distributed computer systems are being implemented to process information located in all parts of the world. Some distributed computing systems such as multi-agent systems require the same task to be applied to many individual instances of data located on disparate nodes. In such an environment, however, some agents may finish earlier than the others, due to the difference in the volume of data to be processed on a node and/or competition with other users' agents running on the same node. In this case, the time taken to complete the task depends on the slowest agent. Most of the existing scheduling algorithms hardly consider the status of the whole system for this type of application. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a fair and effective scheduling algorithm for multi-agent systems based on the processing status of each agent, the CPU power of each node, and the computational demand of each user. Simulation experiments show excellent performance of our scheduling algorithm.
随着全球连通性的迅速增加,各种类型的分布式计算机系统正在实施,以处理位于世界各地的信息。一些分布式计算系统(如多代理系统)要求将相同的任务应用于位于不同节点上的许多单个数据实例。然而,在这样的环境中,由于节点上要处理的数据量的差异和/或与在同一节点上运行的其他用户代理的竞争,一些代理可能比其他代理完成得早。在这种情况下,完成任务所需的时间取决于最慢的代理。对于这类应用,现有的调度算法大多没有考虑到整个系统的状态。在本文中,我们提出并评估了一种公平有效的多智能体系统调度算法,该算法基于每个智能体的处理状态、每个节点的CPU功率以及每个用户的计算需求。仿真实验证明了该算法的优良性能。
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引用次数: 1
Adaptive Power Saving Algorithm for Mobile Subscriber Station in 802.16e 802.16e中移动用户站的自适应省电算法
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382607
Omanand Jha Vatsa, M. Raj, R. K. Kalle, D. Panigrahy, D. Das
WiMAX standard for mobility (IEEE 802.16e) addresses the issues related to energy conservation at Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS) in sleep mode. In 802.16e the sleep mode is exponentially distributed according to traffic, The algorithm that deals with sleep mode energy consumption in 802.16e network does not address the problem of varying traffic rates. This paper proposes an adaptive sleep mode interval control algorithm for 802.16e, which takes into account the downlink traffic pattern to minimize energy consumption. Moreover, we characterize the standardized sleep mode in IEEE 802.16e MSS taking into account various situation like, moving into sleep, listening or wake-up modes. It has been observed that our proposed algorithm for sleep mode saves substantial amount of energy at lower traffic and almost same at higher traffic as compared to 802.16e. The results reveal that the optimization of sleep mode leads to decrease in average waiting time delay at MSS. Furthermore, our analytical evaluations are close to simulation results.
WiMAX移动标准(IEEE 802.16e)解决了移动用户站(MSS)在睡眠模式下的节能问题。在802.16e中,休眠模式根据流量呈指数分布,处理802.16e网络中休眠模式能耗的算法不能解决流量速率变化的问题。本文提出了一种802.16e自适应睡眠模式间隔控制算法,该算法考虑了下行流量模式,使能耗最小化。此外,我们在IEEE 802.16e MSS中描述了标准化睡眠模式,考虑了各种情况,如进入睡眠、倾听或唤醒模式。已经观察到,与802.16e相比,我们提出的睡眠模式算法在低流量下节省了大量的能量,在高流量下几乎相同。结果表明,睡眠模式的优化使MSS的平均等待时间延迟降低。此外,我们的分析评估与模拟结果接近。
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引用次数: 29
An Efficient Bandwidth Request Mechanism for Non-Real-Time Services in IEEE 802.16 Systems IEEE 802.16系统中非实时业务的高效带宽请求机制
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382608
Sang-Jin Kim, Woo-Jae Kim, Young-Joo Suh
The IEEE 802.16 provides a reservation-based MAC protocol for high speed broadband wireless services. A subscriber station (SS) which wishes to transmit data transmits a bandwidth request message to its base station (BS) to reserve the resource. However, if the bandwidth request message is transmitted by a contention-based scheme, the collision probability of the bandwidth request message may be increased as the number of contending subscriber stations increases. In worst case, the BS cannot allocate the bandwidth to stations due to the failure of the bandwidth request procedure although the BS has enough bandwidth. In this paper, we propose an efficient bandwidth request scheme that appropriately uses a contention-based scheme and a contention-free scheme according to the network condition for non-real-time services such as nrtPS and BE. The proposed scheme determines when the contention-free based bandwidth request scheme can be used, and it allocates more bandwidth to SSs than the contention-based scheme. We implemented the IEEE 802.16 MAC protocol and the proposed scheme in the ns-2 simulator, and evaluated the performance. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can allocate more bandwidth to nrtPS and BE flows without any influence to UGS and rtPS flows. The simulation results also show that the proposed scheme shows improved performance compared with existing contention-based schemes.
IEEE 802.16为高速宽带无线业务提供了一种基于预约的MAC协议。希望传输数据的用户站(SS)向其基站(BS)发送带宽请求消息以保留资源。然而,如果带宽请求消息通过基于竞争的方案传输,则带宽请求消息的冲突概率可能随着竞争用户站数量的增加而增加。在最坏的情况下,BS虽然有足够的带宽,但由于带宽请求程序失败,无法将带宽分配给电台。本文针对nrtPS和BE等非实时业务,提出了一种有效的带宽请求方案,根据网络条件适当地使用基于争用和无争用的带宽请求方案。该方案确定了何时可以使用基于无争用的带宽请求方案,并且比基于争用的方案分配更多的带宽给ss。我们在ns-2模拟器上实现了IEEE 802.16 MAC协议和所提方案,并对其性能进行了评估。仿真结果表明,该方案可以在不影响UGS流和rtPS流的情况下为nrtPS流和BE流分配更多的带宽。仿真结果还表明,与现有的基于争议的算法相比,该算法具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 20
ExPLoIT: Exploiting Past Location Information and Transitivity for positioning in mobile sensor networks 利用:利用过去的位置信息和传递性定位在移动传感器网络
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382579
Christophe Baraer, Kaustubh S. Phanse, Johan Nykvist, L. Birsa
We present a novel distributed range-free technique called ExPLoIT for estimating geographical location of sensor nodes in mobile sensor networks. ExPLoIT is the first positioning technique that exploits location information at regular nodes in addition to using seeds. The key idea is the notion of confidence that a node has in its location estimate which can be used by other nodes for localization. Using Monte Carlo integration, a node estimates its current location and confidence based on its past location and the location information it receives from its neighbors. Node mobility is exploited to transitively localize the network. Our extensive simulation study shows that our proposal outperforms three other state-of-the-art range-free localization techniques under a wide range of conditions. The strength of ExPLoIT is that it is robust to irregular radio propagation, arbitrary seed and node density, and stochastic seed and node mobility; no special hardware is necessary at sensor nodes.
我们提出了一种新的分布式无距离技术,称为ExPLoIT,用于估计移动传感器网络中传感器节点的地理位置。除了使用种子之外,ExPLoIT是第一个利用常规节点位置信息的定位技术。关键思想是节点在其位置估计中的置信度概念,其他节点可以使用该置信度进行定位。使用蒙特卡罗积分,节点根据过去的位置和从相邻节点接收到的位置信息估计其当前位置和置信度。利用节点移动性来传递地定位网络。我们广泛的仿真研究表明,我们的建议在广泛的条件下优于其他三种最先进的无距离定位技术。该算法的优点是对不规则无线电传播、任意种子和节点密度、随机种子和节点迁移具有鲁棒性;传感器节点不需要特殊的硬件。
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引用次数: 0
WiBeaM:Wireless Bearing Monitoring System WiBeaM:无线轴承监测系统
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382456
V. M. D. Jagannath, B. Raman
Sensor nodes combined with MEMS sensors can form a complete replacement for the existing cumbersome predictive maintenance systems. We have designed a system that can be used to monitor the bearing conditions of induction motors. The system called as WiBeaM (wireless bearing monitoring system) forms a network of sensor nodes that sense the vibration on motors and transmit the same to a central base station, this data is further analyzed through signal processing for defect diagnosis. We have used cheap off the shelf components to realise a real world application at a very low cost. Considering the low cost and the ease of deployment, our application is one of its kind in the domain. The solution has been implemented on Moteiv's Tmote-Sky nodes using ADXL105 accelerometer from Analog devices.The solution includes an application layer, transport layer for reliable data transfer and a MAC protocol for low power consumption. The challenges in the implementation span from the hardware to software. The aim was to select a cheap yet efficient sensor that could be compatible with the sensor node and build a software that can automat the otherwise cumbersome process of bearing monitoring. Whilst developing the application we have found that by proper selection of transmit power of the radio, single hop wireless transmission is more power efficient than the multihop. In sum, we have proved the viability of machinery vibration monitoring with wireless network technology by conducting testbed trials.
传感器节点与MEMS传感器相结合,可以完全替代现有繁琐的预测性维护系统。我们设计了一个系统,可以用来监测感应电机的轴承状况。该系统被称为WiBeaM(无线轴承监测系统),由传感器节点组成网络,感知电机上的振动并将其传输到中央基站,这些数据通过信号处理进一步分析以进行缺陷诊断。我们使用了便宜的现成组件,以非常低的成本实现了现实世界的应用。考虑到低成本和易于部署,我们的应用程序是该领域中的同类应用程序之一。该解决方案已在Moteiv的Tmote-Sky节点上实现,使用adi公司的ADXL105加速度计。该解决方案包括应用层、传输层和MAC协议,以实现可靠的数据传输。实现中的挑战从硬件到软件都有。其目的是选择一种廉价而高效的传感器,它可以与传感器节点兼容,并构建一个软件,可以自动完成繁琐的轴承监测过程。在开发应用的过程中,我们发现通过适当选择无线电的发射功率,单跳无线传输比多跳无线传输更节能。总之,我们通过试验证明了无线网络技术在机械振动监测中的可行性。
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引用次数: 24
Dynamic Coverage and Connectivity Maintenance Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks 无线传感器网络的动态覆盖和连接维护算法
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382574
P. Sahoo, J. Sheu, Wei-Shin Lin
In wireless sensor network, accidental death of nodes in predictable or unpredictable way may cause coverage and connectivity problems of the original network. In this paper, potential approaches to maintain the network in the post deployment scenario is proposed that lets the sensors work alternatively by identifying the redundant sensing regions in the dense networks under the assumption that the transmission range (Rc) is equal to the sensing range (Rs) or <; 2Rs of a node. The proposed coverage and connectivity maintenance algorithms decide which neighbors of a dead node to migrate, and to what distance, so that the loss of coverage and connectivity can be repaired with low mobility of the nodes. In this work, decision and movement of the nodes are completely autonomous and involve movement of only one-hop neighbors of a dead node to minimize energy consumption due to mobility. Performance analysis of the algorithms show that average mobility distance of the nodes is very small and energy consumption is very less by maintaining the coverage and connectivity.
在无线传感器网络中,节点以可预测或不可预测的方式意外死亡可能会导致原有网络的覆盖和连通性出现问题。本文提出了在部署后场景下保持网络的潜在方法,在假设传输距离(Rc)等于感知距离(Rs)或<的情况下,通过识别密集网络中的冗余感知区域,让传感器交替工作;节点的2Rs。提出的覆盖和连通性维护算法决定了死节点的邻居迁移和迁移的距离,从而可以在节点的低迁移率下修复覆盖和连通性的损失。在这项工作中,节点的决策和运动是完全自主的,并且只涉及死节点的一跳邻居的运动,以最大限度地减少由于移动造成的能量消耗。性能分析表明,在保持网络覆盖和连通性的前提下,节点的平均移动距离很小,能耗很小。
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引用次数: 11
Signal-to-Noise Ratio Comparison of Amplify-Forward and Direct Link in Wireless Sensor Networks 无线传感器网络中放大转发与直连的信噪比比较
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382467
R. Viswanathan
We compare the signal-to-noise ratio performances of an amplify-forward relay link and a direct link in a wireless sensor network. For a slow Rayleigh fading channel, an exact expression for the probability that the SNR of an amplify-forward relay link exceeds the SNR of a direct link is obtained. For a Rician fading channel, an upper bound for the corresponding probability is obtained. Numerical results indicate that, among the two fading channels considered, Rayleigh fading is more detrimental to the SNR performance of the amplify-forward relaying scheme.
我们比较了无线传感器网络中放大转发中继链路和直接链路的信噪比性能。对于慢瑞利衰落信道,得到了放大转发中继链路信噪比超过直接链路信噪比概率的精确表达式。对于一个衰落信道,得到了相应概率的上界。数值结果表明,在考虑的两种衰落信道中,瑞利衰落对前扩中继方案的信噪比性能影响较大。
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引用次数: 4
Software Architecture for Dynamic Thermal Management in Datacenters 数据中心动态热管理的软件体系结构
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382430
T. Mukherjee, Qinghui Tang, Corbett Ziesman, S. Gupta, Phil Cayton
Minimizing the energy cost and improving thermal performance of power-limited datacenters, deploying large computing clusters, are the key issues towards optimizing their computing resources and maximally exploiting the computation capabilities. In this paper, we develop a unique merger between the physical infrastructure and resource management functions of a cluster management system to take a holistic view of datacenter management, and make global (at the level of a datacenter) thermal-aware job scheduling decisions. A software architecture is presented in this regard and implemented in a fully operational computational cluster in the ASU datacenter. The proposed architecture develops a feedback-control loop, by combining information from ambient and on-board sensors with the node allocation and job scheduling mechanisms, for managing the system load depending on the thermal distribution in the datacenter.
对于功率有限的数据中心,部署大型计算集群,最大限度地降低能源成本,提高热性能,是优化其计算资源和最大限度地利用计算能力的关键问题。在本文中,我们开发了集群管理系统的物理基础设施和资源管理功能之间的独特合并,以全面了解数据中心管理,并做出全局(在数据中心级别)热感知作业调度决策。在这方面提出了一个软件体系结构,并在ASU数据中心的一个完全可操作的计算集群中实现。该架构通过将来自环境和机载传感器的信息与节点分配和作业调度机制相结合,开发了一个反馈控制回路,用于根据数据中心的热分布管理系统负载。
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引用次数: 53
An Experimental Evaluation of Over-The-Air (OTA) Wireless Intrusion Prevention Techniques 无线入侵防御技术的实验评估
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382464
Amit Vartak, Sohail Ahmad, K. Gopinath
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) can open certain security backdoors which cannot be mitigated by conventional security mechanisms such as firewalls. This has lead to the development and quick adoption of a new suite of products that specialize in securing a network from the WLAN based security threats. Such products, known as Wireless Intrusion Prevention System (WIPS), not only detect wireless intrusions, but can also prevent them. One of the popular methods used in a WIPS for intrusion prevention is Over-The-Air (OTA) prevention which involves the transmission of specially crafted Medium Access Control (MAC) level packets over the wireless medium. Although OTA prevention is generally based on known MAC level denial-of-service techniques, there is little information available on the strengths and limitations of such techniques in mitigating unauthorized communication. In this paper, we first provide a test-bed based experimental evaluation of several (four) OTA prevention techniques in mitigating unauthorized wireless communication. Experimental results demonstrate that: (i) none of the considered OTA techniques may individually be able to prevent all the wireless threat scenarios reliably, (ii) certain techniques can fail against devices from certain vendors, and, (iii) OTA techniques require continual transmission of MAC level packets for effective blockage. Finally, we discuss the implications of the experimental results on the design of a WIPS.
无线局域网(wlan)可以打开某些传统安全机制(如防火墙)无法缓解的安全后门。这导致了一套专门保护网络免受基于WLAN的安全威胁的新产品的开发和快速采用。这类产品被称为无线入侵防御系统(Wireless Intrusion Prevention System, WIPS),它不仅能检测到无线入侵,还能阻止无线入侵。在WIPS中用于入侵防御的流行方法之一是空中(OTA)防御,它涉及在无线媒体上传输特制的介质访问控制(MAC)级数据包。尽管OTA预防通常基于已知的MAC级拒绝服务技术,但关于此类技术在减轻未经授权通信方面的优势和局限性的信息很少。在本文中,我们首先提供了一个基于试验台的实验评估,用于减轻未经授权的无线通信的几种(四种)OTA预防技术。实验结果表明:(i)所考虑的OTA技术可能无法单独可靠地防止所有无线威胁场景,(ii)某些技术可能对来自某些供应商的设备失败,以及(iii) OTA技术需要连续传输MAC级数据包才能有效阻塞。最后,我们讨论了实验结果对wps设计的启示。
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引用次数: 9
Differentiation of Wireless and Congestion Losses in TCP TCP中无线和拥塞损耗的区别
Pub Date : 2007-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/COMSWA.2007.382491
Vijender Busi Reddy, A. Sarje
TCP is the most commonly used data transfer protocol. It assumes every packet loss to be congestion loss and reduces the sending rate. This will decrease the sender's throughput when there is an appreciable rate of packet loss due to link error and not due to congestion. This issue is significant for wireless links. We present an extension of TCP-Casablanca, which improves TCP performance over wireless links. A new discriminator is proposed that not only differentiates congestion and wireless losses, but also identifies the congestion level in the network, i.e., whether the network is lightly congested or heavily congested and throttles the sender's rate according to the congestion level in the network.
TCP是最常用的数据传输协议。它假设每个丢包都是拥塞丢包,并降低发送速率。当由于链路错误而不是由于拥塞而有明显的丢包率时,这将降低发送方的吞吐量。这个问题对无线链路很重要。我们提出了TCP- casablanca的扩展,它提高了TCP在无线链路上的性能。提出了一种新的鉴别器,既能区分拥塞和无线损耗,又能识别网络中的拥塞程度,即网络是轻度拥塞还是重度拥塞,并根据网络中的拥塞程度来限制发送方的速率。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2007 2nd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware
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