Nordisk medicin最新文献

What are doctors and nurses experiences in their work with dying patients? Interviews with six nurses and four doctors from Norway, Sweden and Denmark were analysed using Grounded Theory as the qualitative method. A model is presented consisting of basic trust divided into two main categories--internal and external trust. Internal trust is characterised by confidence, competence and personal growth. External trust is based on communication, time for care, continuity in care and rituals. The two categories are dependent on each other, meaning that a good caring organisation can make it possible for even an insecure person to do their job. To work with dying patients gives an opportunity of personal growth.

Bibliometric methods have been used to study the distribution of research literature on disc surgery between neurological and orthopaedic departments globally and within each of the Nordic countries. Worldwide, the total number of indexed papers was found to be almost twice as great for neurosurgical as for orthopedic institutions. Though figures for the Nordic countries were lower, they manifested the same trend, except those for Sweden where orthopaedic surgeons appear to do more research than neurosurgeons in this field. Moreover, it was found that a greater proportion of neurosurgeons than orthopaedic surgeons had published papers in journals outside their own field (29 vs 9 per cent respectively), and that 14 per cent of the neurosurgical reports had been published in orthopedic journals, but none of the orthopedic reports had been published in neurosurgical journals. Finally, scrutiny of the reference literature cited in randomly selected samples of papers from neurosurgical and orthopedic departments showed 22 per cent of the references in neurosurgical papers to be to orthopaedic journals or textbooks, but only 4 per cent of those in orthopedic papers to be to neurosurgical texts. The possible implications of these findings are discussed in the article, as are the methodological sources of error.

Infertility is often due to subfertility in both partners. Investigations of the male partner includes history taking, physical examination (possibly supplemented with ultrasonography), and semen analysis. In addition to the sperm count, and sperm morphology and motility, numerous other seminal parameters are of interest. In particular, the acrosome reaction test and testing for seminal round cell subpopulations are now widely used. In the event of anomalies, causal treatment is preferable to symptomatic therapy. Significant future progress in the management of male infertility is predicated upon an improved understanding of the mechanisms involved in testicular differentiation and spermatogenesis.

Denmark's first palliative medicine research unit is now being set up at Bispebjerg Hospital, with single-room and two double-room ward. The multidisciplinary team consists of doctors, a psychologist, nurses, a physiotherapist, an ergotherapist, a medical social worker, a priest and a dietician. An out-patient facility is also being established to enable patients to choose between hospitalisation out-patient treatment or home treatment by appropriate staff. Another aspect of palliative medicine is care of the patient's family members. The intervention offered at our facility is led by a psychologist, and consists primarily of counselling. With its limited clinical opacity, the department of palliative medicine is first and foremost a research and development facility. The first chair in palliative medicine in Denmark was conferred upon the department in 1998.

Fevers without distinguishing symptoms in persons who have visited tropical or subtropical areas is an increasing health problem in most western countries. The condition may be caused by several different microbes, but among cases diagnosed in Norway five infections dominate: falciparum malaria, vivax malaria, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever and dengue fever. Primary measures should be taken against immediate life-threatening diseases e.g. typhoid fever and falciparum malaria.