Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_230505N246
Magdalena Baratova, Lucia Skvarkova, Maria Bartosova, Lenka Jelenska, Miriam Zatovicova, Barbora Puzderova, Ivana Kajanova, Lucia Csaderova, Silvia Pastorekova, Eliska Svastova
Glycosylation is a posttranslational modification of proteins affecting numerous cellular functions. A growing amount of evidence confirms that aberrant glycosylation is involved in pathophysiological processes, including tumor development and progression. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a transmembrane protein whose expression is strongly induced in hypoxic tumors, which makes it an attractive target for anti-tumor therapy. CAIX facilitates the maintenance of intracellular pH homeostasis through its catalytic activity, which is linked with extracellular pH acidification promoting a more aggressive phenotype of tumor cells. The involvement of CAIX in destabilizing cell-cell contacts and the focal adhesion process also contributes to tumor progression. Previous research shows that CAIX is modified with N-glycans, O-glycans, and glycosaminoglycans (GAG). Still, the impact of glycosylation on CAIX functions has yet to be fully elucidated. By preparing stably transfected cells expressing mutated forms of CAIX, unable to bind glycans at their defined sites, we have attempted to clarify the role of glycan structures in CAIX functions. All three types of prepared mutants exhibited decreased adhesion to collagen. By surface plasmon resonance, we proved direct binding between CAIX and collagen. Cells lacking glycosaminoglycan modification of CAIX also showed reduced migration and invasion, indicating CAIX glycosaminoglycans' involvement in these processes. Analysis of signaling pathways affected by the loss of GAG component from CAIX molecule revealed decreased phosphorylation of c-Jun, of p38α kinase, focal adhesion kinase, and reduced level of heat shock protein 60 in cells cultured in hypoxia. Cells expressing CAIX without GAG exhibited increased metabolon formation and increased extracellular pH acidification. We also observed reduced CAIX GAG glycans in the inflammatory environment in hypoxia, pathophysiological conditions reflecting in vivo tumor microenvironment. Understanding the glycan involvement in the characteristics and functions of possible targets of cancer treatment, such as cell surface localized CAIX, could improve the therapy, as many drugs target glycan parts of a protein.
{"title":"Functional consequences of altered glycosylation of tumor-associated hypoxia biomarker carbonic anhydrase IX.","authors":"Magdalena Baratova, Lucia Skvarkova, Maria Bartosova, Lenka Jelenska, Miriam Zatovicova, Barbora Puzderova, Ivana Kajanova, Lucia Csaderova, Silvia Pastorekova, Eliska Svastova","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_230505N246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_230505N246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycosylation is a posttranslational modification of proteins affecting numerous cellular functions. A growing amount of evidence confirms that aberrant glycosylation is involved in pathophysiological processes, including tumor development and progression. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a transmembrane protein whose expression is strongly induced in hypoxic tumors, which makes it an attractive target for anti-tumor therapy. CAIX facilitates the maintenance of intracellular pH homeostasis through its catalytic activity, which is linked with extracellular pH acidification promoting a more aggressive phenotype of tumor cells. The involvement of CAIX in destabilizing cell-cell contacts and the focal adhesion process also contributes to tumor progression. Previous research shows that CAIX is modified with N-glycans, O-glycans, and glycosaminoglycans (GAG). Still, the impact of glycosylation on CAIX functions has yet to be fully elucidated. By preparing stably transfected cells expressing mutated forms of CAIX, unable to bind glycans at their defined sites, we have attempted to clarify the role of glycan structures in CAIX functions. All three types of prepared mutants exhibited decreased adhesion to collagen. By surface plasmon resonance, we proved direct binding between CAIX and collagen. Cells lacking glycosaminoglycan modification of CAIX also showed reduced migration and invasion, indicating CAIX glycosaminoglycans' involvement in these processes. Analysis of signaling pathways affected by the loss of GAG component from CAIX molecule revealed decreased phosphorylation of c-Jun, of p38α kinase, focal adhesion kinase, and reduced level of heat shock protein 60 in cells cultured in hypoxia. Cells expressing CAIX without GAG exhibited increased metabolon formation and increased extracellular pH acidification. We also observed reduced CAIX GAG glycans in the inflammatory environment in hypoxia, pathophysiological conditions reflecting in vivo tumor microenvironment. Understanding the glycan involvement in the characteristics and functions of possible targets of cancer treatment, such as cell surface localized CAIX, could improve the therapy, as many drugs target glycan parts of a protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 3","pages":"416-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9927208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_230305N115
Zheng-Xing Li, Fan Wang, Zhen-Yu Sun, Chang Xu, Zi-Xiu Zou, Zong-Xu Zhao, Hai-Jian Wang, Shi-Cheng Guo, Li Jin, Qiang Li, Jiu-Cun Wang, Fan Xia, Xiao-Qiang Yue, Junjie Wu
The 5-year survival rate for patients with lung cancer, the world's second most frequent malignant tumor, is less than 20%, and its prognosis cannot be clearly predicted. Our aim was to analyze the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) rs763317 (G>A) single nucleotide polymorphism and its association with prognosis in Chinese Han lung cancer patients. 839 patients with primary lung cancer were recruited, and genomic DNA was extracted and genotyped by SNPscan. Kaplan-Meier technique and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the association between prognosis and EGFR polymorphism rs763317. A significant association after stratification by age, significantly increased lung cancer risk was associated with the AA homozygous genotype of rs763317 (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.31-4.88, p=0.005), and conferred a poor survival for lung cancer patients (MST: median survival time: 13.6 months) compared with GG genotype (MST: 41.5 months), and in the recessive model AA genotype (AA vs. GG + GA; adjusted hazard ratio = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.34-4.93, p=0.004) who were young (<60 years) had a significantly increased risk of death. The EGFR polymorphism rs763617 might serve as a significant genetic marker for predicting the prognosis of lung cancer.
{"title":"Prognostic implications of the EGFR polymorphism rs763317 and clinical variables among young Chinese lung cancer population.","authors":"Zheng-Xing Li, Fan Wang, Zhen-Yu Sun, Chang Xu, Zi-Xiu Zou, Zong-Xu Zhao, Hai-Jian Wang, Shi-Cheng Guo, Li Jin, Qiang Li, Jiu-Cun Wang, Fan Xia, Xiao-Qiang Yue, Junjie Wu","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_230305N115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_230305N115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 5-year survival rate for patients with lung cancer, the world's second most frequent malignant tumor, is less than 20%, and its prognosis cannot be clearly predicted. Our aim was to analyze the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) rs763317 (G>A) single nucleotide polymorphism and its association with prognosis in Chinese Han lung cancer patients. 839 patients with primary lung cancer were recruited, and genomic DNA was extracted and genotyped by SNPscan. Kaplan-Meier technique and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the association between prognosis and EGFR polymorphism rs763317. A significant association after stratification by age, significantly increased lung cancer risk was associated with the AA homozygous genotype of rs763317 (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.31-4.88, p=0.005), and conferred a poor survival for lung cancer patients (MST: median survival time: 13.6 months) compared with GG genotype (MST: 41.5 months), and in the recessive model AA genotype (AA vs. GG + GA; adjusted hazard ratio = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.34-4.93, p=0.004) who were young (<60 years) had a significantly increased risk of death. The EGFR polymorphism rs763617 might serve as a significant genetic marker for predicting the prognosis of lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 3","pages":"443-450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_220908N912
Na Liu, Bi-Lin Liang, Lu Lu, Bing-Qian Zhang, Jing-Jing Sun, Jian-Tao Yang, Jie Xu, Zheng-Bo Song, Lei Shi
Immunotherapy has improved the prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but only a small subset of patients achieved clinical benefit. The purpose of our study was to integrate multidimensional data using a machine learning method to predict the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. We retrospectively enrolled 112 patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC receiving ICIs monotherapy. The random forest (RF) algorithm was used to establish efficacy prediction models based on five different input datasets, including precontrast computed tomography (CT) radiomic data, postcontrast CT radiomic data, a combination of the two CT radiomic data, clinical data, and a combination of radiomic and clinical data. The 5-fold cross-validation was used to train and test the random forest classifier. The performance of the models was assessed according to the area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic curve. Survival analysis was performed to determine the difference in progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups with the prediction label generated by the combined model. The radiomic model based on the combination of precontrast and postcontrast CT radiomic features and the clinical model produced an AUC of 0.92±0.04 and 0.89±0.03, respectively. By integrating radiomic and clinical features together, the combined model had the best performance with an AUC of 0.94±0.02. The survival analysis showed that the two groups had significantly different PFS times (p<0.0001). The baseline multidimensional data including CT radiomic and multiple clinical features were valuable in predicting the efficacy of ICIs monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.
{"title":"Predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors monotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a machine learning method based on multidimensional data.","authors":"Na Liu, Bi-Lin Liang, Lu Lu, Bing-Qian Zhang, Jing-Jing Sun, Jian-Tao Yang, Jie Xu, Zheng-Bo Song, Lei Shi","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_220908N912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_220908N912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapy has improved the prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but only a small subset of patients achieved clinical benefit. The purpose of our study was to integrate multidimensional data using a machine learning method to predict the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. We retrospectively enrolled 112 patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC receiving ICIs monotherapy. The random forest (RF) algorithm was used to establish efficacy prediction models based on five different input datasets, including precontrast computed tomography (CT) radiomic data, postcontrast CT radiomic data, a combination of the two CT radiomic data, clinical data, and a combination of radiomic and clinical data. The 5-fold cross-validation was used to train and test the random forest classifier. The performance of the models was assessed according to the area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic curve. Survival analysis was performed to determine the difference in progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups with the prediction label generated by the combined model. The radiomic model based on the combination of precontrast and postcontrast CT radiomic features and the clinical model produced an AUC of 0.92±0.04 and 0.89±0.03, respectively. By integrating radiomic and clinical features together, the combined model had the best performance with an AUC of 0.94±0.02. The survival analysis showed that the two groups had significantly different PFS times (p<0.0001). The baseline multidimensional data including CT radiomic and multiple clinical features were valuable in predicting the efficacy of ICIs monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"300-310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9519446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protein tyrosine phosphatases non-receptor 13 (PTPN13) could be a potential biomarker in breast cancer (BRCA), but its genetic variation and biological significance in BRCA remain undefined. Hereon, we comprehensively investigated the clinical implication of PTPN13 expression/gene mutation in BRCA. In our study, a total of 14 cases of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant therapy were enrolled, and post-operation TNBC tissues were collected for next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis (422 genes including PTPN13). According to the disease-free survival (DFS) time, 14 TNBC patients were divided into Group A (long-DFS) and Group B (short-DFS). The NGS data displayed that the overall mutation rate of PTPN13 was 28.57% as the third highest mutated gene, and PTPN13 mutations appeared only in Group B with short-DFS. In addition, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database demonstrated that PTPN13 was lower expressed in BRCA than in normal breast tissues. However, PTPN13 high expression was identified to be related to a favorable prognosis in BRCA using data from the Kaplan-Meier plotter. Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that PTPN13 is potentially involved in interferon signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, PTEN pathway, and MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling in BRCA. This study provided evidence that PTPN13 might be a tumor suppressor gene and a potential molecular target for BRCA, and genetic mutation and/or low expression of PTPN13 predicted an unfavorable prognosis in BRCA. The anticancer effect and molecular mechanism of PTPN13 in BRCA may be associated with some tumor-related signaling pathways.
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of the PTPN13 expression and its clinical implication in breast cancer.","authors":"Jing-Ping Li, Xiang-Mei Zhang, Bei-Chen Liu, Shu-Guang Ren, Xiao-Han Zhao, Yun-Jiang Liu","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_221117N1110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_221117N1110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein tyrosine phosphatases non-receptor 13 (PTPN13) could be a potential biomarker in breast cancer (BRCA), but its genetic variation and biological significance in BRCA remain undefined. Hereon, we comprehensively investigated the clinical implication of PTPN13 expression/gene mutation in BRCA. In our study, a total of 14 cases of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant therapy were enrolled, and post-operation TNBC tissues were collected for next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis (422 genes including PTPN13). According to the disease-free survival (DFS) time, 14 TNBC patients were divided into Group A (long-DFS) and Group B (short-DFS). The NGS data displayed that the overall mutation rate of PTPN13 was 28.57% as the third highest mutated gene, and PTPN13 mutations appeared only in Group B with short-DFS. In addition, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database demonstrated that PTPN13 was lower expressed in BRCA than in normal breast tissues. However, PTPN13 high expression was identified to be related to a favorable prognosis in BRCA using data from the Kaplan-Meier plotter. Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that PTPN13 is potentially involved in interferon signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, PTEN pathway, and MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling in BRCA. This study provided evidence that PTPN13 might be a tumor suppressor gene and a potential molecular target for BRCA, and genetic mutation and/or low expression of PTPN13 predicted an unfavorable prognosis in BRCA. The anticancer effect and molecular mechanism of PTPN13 in BRCA may be associated with some tumor-related signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"188-198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9519449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_220507N492
Jin-Hua Yan, Ling Yao, Ying Tan, Yue Wang
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematopoietic malignant tumor, accompanied by the abnormal cloning of myeloid hematopoietic stem cells, little is known about its etiological role and pathogenesis. We aimed to explore the effect and regulatory mechanism of LINC00504 on the malignant phenotypes of AML cells. In this study, LINC00504 levels in AML tissues or cells were ascertained by PCR. RNA pull-down and RIP assays were conducted to verify the combination of LINC00504 and MDM2. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and BrdU assays, apoptosis was checked by flow cytometry, and glycolytic metabolism levels were detected by ELISA analysis. The expressions of MDM2, Ki-67, HK2, cleaved caspase-3, and p53 were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. A xenograft tumor model was used to detect the role of LINC00504 in vivo. Results showed that LINC00504 was highly expressed in AML and its high expression was related to clinicopathological features in AML patients. LINC00504 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and glycolysis, while inducing apoptosis of AML cells. Meanwhile, LINC00504 downregulation also exerted a significant alleviating effect on AML cell growth in vivo. In addition, LINC00504 could bind to MDM2 protein and positively regulate its expression. Overexpression of LINC00504 promoted the malignant phenotypes of AML cells and partially reversed the inhibitory effects of LINC00504 knockdown on AML progression. In conclusion, LINC00504 facilitated AML cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis through upregulating MDM2 expression, suggesting that LINC00504 may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in patients with AML.
{"title":"LINC00504 promotes the progression of acute myeloid leukemia by targeting MDM2.","authors":"Jin-Hua Yan, Ling Yao, Ying Tan, Yue Wang","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_220507N492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_220507N492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematopoietic malignant tumor, accompanied by the abnormal cloning of myeloid hematopoietic stem cells, little is known about its etiological role and pathogenesis. We aimed to explore the effect and regulatory mechanism of LINC00504 on the malignant phenotypes of AML cells. In this study, LINC00504 levels in AML tissues or cells were ascertained by PCR. RNA pull-down and RIP assays were conducted to verify the combination of LINC00504 and MDM2. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and BrdU assays, apoptosis was checked by flow cytometry, and glycolytic metabolism levels were detected by ELISA analysis. The expressions of MDM2, Ki-67, HK2, cleaved caspase-3, and p53 were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. A xenograft tumor model was used to detect the role of LINC00504 in vivo. Results showed that LINC00504 was highly expressed in AML and its high expression was related to clinicopathological features in AML patients. LINC00504 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and glycolysis, while inducing apoptosis of AML cells. Meanwhile, LINC00504 downregulation also exerted a significant alleviating effect on AML cell growth in vivo. In addition, LINC00504 could bind to MDM2 protein and positively regulate its expression. Overexpression of LINC00504 promoted the malignant phenotypes of AML cells and partially reversed the inhibitory effects of LINC00504 knockdown on AML progression. In conclusion, LINC00504 facilitated AML cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis through upregulating MDM2 expression, suggesting that LINC00504 may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in patients with AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9519444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Platinum-based chemotherapy is the primary treatment option for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without a driver gene mutation, but its efficacy is still modest. Through a potential synergistic effect, autologous cellular immunotherapy (CIT) composed of cytokine-induced killer (CIK), natural killer (NK), and T cells might enhance it. NK cells exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity toward lung cancer cells (A549 cells) following platinum therapy. Using flow cytometry, the expression of MICA, MICB, DR4, DR5, CD112, and CD155 on lung cancer cells was assessed. In this retrospective cohort study, there were included 102 previously untreated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC patients ineligible for tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) target therapy who received either chemotherapy alone (n=75) or combination therapy (n=27). The cytotoxicity of NK cells for A549 cells was increased obviously and a time-dependent enhancement of this effect was also observed. After platinum therapy, the levels of MICA, MICB, DR4, DR5, CD112, and CD155 on the surface of A549 cells were increased. In the combination group, the median PFS was 8.3 months, compared to 5.5 months in the control group (p=0.042); the median overall survival was 18.00 months, compared to 13.67 months in the combined group (p=0.003). The combination group had no obvious immune-related adverse effects. The combination of NK cells with platinum showed synergistic anticancer effects. Combining the two strategies increased survival with minor adverse effects. Incorporating CIT into conventional chemotherapy regimens may improve NSCLC treatment. However, additional evidence will require multicenter randomized controlled trials.
{"title":"Cellular immunotherapy combined with platinum-based chemotherapy prolongs survival for non-small cell lung cancer patients.","authors":"Lei Qian, Xiao Ding, Fang-Qi Li, Hui-Min Tian, Xiao Chen, Fu-Jun Han, Hong-Yi Wang, Wen-Qian Li, Chao Niu, Jian-Ting Xu, Zhao-Zhi Li, Hua He, Jiu-Wei Cui","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_230127N44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_230127N44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Platinum-based chemotherapy is the primary treatment option for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without a driver gene mutation, but its efficacy is still modest. Through a potential synergistic effect, autologous cellular immunotherapy (CIT) composed of cytokine-induced killer (CIK), natural killer (NK), and T cells might enhance it. NK cells exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity toward lung cancer cells (A549 cells) following platinum therapy. Using flow cytometry, the expression of MICA, MICB, DR4, DR5, CD112, and CD155 on lung cancer cells was assessed. In this retrospective cohort study, there were included 102 previously untreated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC patients ineligible for tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) target therapy who received either chemotherapy alone (n=75) or combination therapy (n=27). The cytotoxicity of NK cells for A549 cells was increased obviously and a time-dependent enhancement of this effect was also observed. After platinum therapy, the levels of MICA, MICB, DR4, DR5, CD112, and CD155 on the surface of A549 cells were increased. In the combination group, the median PFS was 8.3 months, compared to 5.5 months in the control group (p=0.042); the median overall survival was 18.00 months, compared to 13.67 months in the combined group (p=0.003). The combination group had no obvious immune-related adverse effects. The combination of NK cells with platinum showed synergistic anticancer effects. Combining the two strategies increased survival with minor adverse effects. Incorporating CIT into conventional chemotherapy regimens may improve NSCLC treatment. However, additional evidence will require multicenter randomized controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9518901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 5-year overall survival rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is less than 30%. Improving clinical outcomes is still a clinical challenge for AML treatment. Simultaneous use of chemotherapeutic drugs and targeting of apoptosis pathways has become a first-line clinical treatment for AML. Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) is a candidate target for AML treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that inhibition of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1 by AZD5991 synergistically increased chemotherapeutic agent cytarabine (Ara-C)-induced apoptosis in AML cell lines and primary patient samples. Apoptosis induced by a combination of Ara-C and AZD5991 was partially dependent on caspase activity and Bak/Bax. The downregulation of MCL-1 by Ara-C and the enhancement of Ara-C-induced DNA damage through inhibition of MCL-1 are potential mechanisms underlying the synergistic anti-AML activity between Ara-C and AZD5991. Our data support the application of MCL-1 inhibitor in combination with the conventional chemotherapeutic agent for the clinical treatment of AML.
{"title":"Synergistic activity and mechanism of cytarabine and MCL-1 inhibitor AZD5991 against acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Yue Wang, Deying Wang, Yao Wang, Haotian Yang, Guan Wang, Shuangshuang Wu","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_221217N1185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_221217N1185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 5-year overall survival rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is less than 30%. Improving clinical outcomes is still a clinical challenge for AML treatment. Simultaneous use of chemotherapeutic drugs and targeting of apoptosis pathways has become a first-line clinical treatment for AML. Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) is a candidate target for AML treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that inhibition of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1 by AZD5991 synergistically increased chemotherapeutic agent cytarabine (Ara-C)-induced apoptosis in AML cell lines and primary patient samples. Apoptosis induced by a combination of Ara-C and AZD5991 was partially dependent on caspase activity and Bak/Bax. The downregulation of MCL-1 by Ara-C and the enhancement of Ara-C-induced DNA damage through inhibition of MCL-1 are potential mechanisms underlying the synergistic anti-AML activity between Ara-C and AZD5991. Our data support the application of MCL-1 inhibitor in combination with the conventional chemotherapeutic agent for the clinical treatment of AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"287-293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9519447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_220703N681
Jan Hrbáček, Vítězslav Hanáček, Dominika Kadlečková, Adéla Cirbusová, Pavel Čermák, Ruth Tachezy, Roman Zachoval, Martina Saláková
After a decade of human urinary microbiota research, little is known about the composition of the urinary virome and its association with health and disease. This study aimed to investigate the presence of 10 common DNA viruses in human urine and their putative association with bladder cancer (BC). Catheterized urine samples were collected from patients undergoing endoscopic urological procedures under anesthesia. After DNA extraction from the samples, viral DNA sequences were detected using real-time PCR. Viruria rates were compared between BC patients and controls. A total of 106 patients (89 males and 17 females) were included in the study. Fifty-seven (53.8%) were BC patients and 49 (46.2%) had upper urinary tract stones or bladder outlet obstruction. The viruses detected in the urine were human cytomegalovirus (2.0%), Epstein-Barr virus (6.0%), human herpesvirus-6 (12.5%), human papillomavirus (15.2%), BK polyomavirus (15.5%), torque teno virus (44.2%), and JC polyomavirus (47.6%), while no adenoviruses, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, or parvoviruses were found. There were statistically significant differences in HPV viruria rates between cancer patients and controls (24.5% vs. 4.3%, p=0.032 after adjustment for age and gender). Viruria rates increased from benign to non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive tumors. Patients with a history of BC have higher HPV viruria rates than controls. Whether this relationship is a causal one remains to be established by further research.
经过十年的人类泌尿微生物群研究,人们对泌尿病毒组的组成及其与健康和疾病的关系知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨人类尿液中10种常见DNA病毒的存在及其与膀胱癌(BC)的可能关系。在麻醉下接受内镜泌尿外科手术的患者收集导管尿样本。从样品中提取DNA后,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测病毒DNA序列。比较BC患者和对照组的病毒率。106例患者(男性89例,女性17例)纳入研究。57例(53.8%)为BC患者,49例(46.2%)为上尿路结石或膀胱出口梗阻。尿中检出的病毒为人巨细胞病毒(2.0%)、eb病毒(6.0%)、人疱疹病毒-6(12.5%)、人乳头瘤病毒(15.2%)、BK多瘤病毒(15.5%)、torque teno病毒(44.2%)、JC多瘤病毒(47.6%),未检出腺病毒、单纯疱疹病毒1、单纯疱疹病毒2和细小病毒。肿瘤患者与对照组HPV病毒感染率差异有统计学意义(24.5% vs. 4.3%,调整年龄和性别后p=0.032)。从良性肿瘤到非肌肉侵袭性和肌肉侵袭性肿瘤,病毒率均有所增加。有BC病史的患者HPV病毒感染率高于对照组。这种关系是否存在因果关系还有待进一步研究。
{"title":"Urinary shedding of common DNA viruses and their possible association with bladder cancer: a qPCR-based study.","authors":"Jan Hrbáček, Vítězslav Hanáček, Dominika Kadlečková, Adéla Cirbusová, Pavel Čermák, Ruth Tachezy, Roman Zachoval, Martina Saláková","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_220703N681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_220703N681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After a decade of human urinary microbiota research, little is known about the composition of the urinary virome and its association with health and disease. This study aimed to investigate the presence of 10 common DNA viruses in human urine and their putative association with bladder cancer (BC). Catheterized urine samples were collected from patients undergoing endoscopic urological procedures under anesthesia. After DNA extraction from the samples, viral DNA sequences were detected using real-time PCR. Viruria rates were compared between BC patients and controls. A total of 106 patients (89 males and 17 females) were included in the study. Fifty-seven (53.8%) were BC patients and 49 (46.2%) had upper urinary tract stones or bladder outlet obstruction. The viruses detected in the urine were human cytomegalovirus (2.0%), Epstein-Barr virus (6.0%), human herpesvirus-6 (12.5%), human papillomavirus (15.2%), BK polyomavirus (15.5%), torque teno virus (44.2%), and JC polyomavirus (47.6%), while no adenoviruses, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, or parvoviruses were found. There were statistically significant differences in HPV viruria rates between cancer patients and controls (24.5% vs. 4.3%, p=0.032 after adjustment for age and gender). Viruria rates increased from benign to non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive tumors. Patients with a history of BC have higher HPV viruria rates than controls. Whether this relationship is a causal one remains to be established by further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"311-318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9574617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_220720N733
Tomáš Kříž, Alexandra Jungová, Daniel Lysák, Michal Karas, Marcela Hrabětová, Jiří Šrámek, Pavel Jindra
The standard of care in multiple myeloma (MM) consists of induction chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant (autoSCT), but this setting doesn't present curative potential. Despite advances in new, efficient, and targeted drugs, allogeneic transplant (aloSCT) remains the modality with curative potential in MM. With the knowledge of high mortality and morbidity related to the treatment in comparison to treatment with novel drugs, there is no consensus in the indication of aloSCT in MM, also the choice of ideal patients profiting from this method is difficult. Therefore, we performed a retrospective unicentric study of 36 unselected consecutive patients transplanted for MM in the University Hospital in Pilsen between the years 2000-2020 in order to define possible variables influencing survival. The median age of the patients was 52 years (38-63) and the distribution of MM subtypes was standard. The majority of the patients were transplanted in the relapse setting, 3 (8.3%) patients in the 1st line setting, and in 7 (19%) patients elective auto-alo tandem transplant was performed. 18 patients (60% of patients with available cytogenetics (CG) had high-risk disease. 12 (33.3%) patients were transplanted with chemoresistant disease (at least PR not reached). With a median follow-up of 85 months, we observed median overall survival (OS) of 30 months (range 10-60) and median progression-free survival (PFS) of 15 months (11-175). 1- and 5-year Kaplan Meier survival probabilities for OS were 55% and 30.5% respectively. During the follow-up, 27 (75%) patients died, 11 (35%) due to treatment-related mortality (TRM), and 16 patients (44%) due to a relapse. 9 (25%) patients were still alive, 3 (8.3%) of them with complete remission (CR), and 6 (16.7%) patients with relapse/progression. Altogether 21 (58%) of the patients relapsed/progressed with a median of 11 months (3-175). Incidence of clinically significant acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD gr. >II) was low (8.3%) and extensive chronic GvHD (cGvHD) developed in 4 patients (11.1%). Univariant analysis proved marginal statistical significance in disease status before aloSCT (chemosensitive × chemoresistant) for OS, favoring patients with the chemosensitive disease (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.18-1.01, p=0.05), there was no significant impact of high-risk cytogenetics (CG) on survival. No other analyzed parameter was found to be significant. Our findings support the conclusion that aloSCT is able to overcome high-risk CG and that aloSCT still remains a valid treatment choice with acceptable toxicity in well-selected high-risk patients with curative potential, even though often with active disease, but not derogating the quality of life significantly.
多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的标准治疗包括诱导化疗,然后是自体干细胞移植(autoSCT),但这种设置并不具有治愈潜力。尽管在新的、有效的和靶向的药物方面取得了进展,但同种异体移植(aloSCT)仍然是MM中具有治疗潜力的方式。与新药治疗相比,与治疗相关的死亡率和发病率较高,因此对于MM中aloSCT的适应症没有达成共识,选择从这种方法中获益的理想患者也很困难。因此,我们对2000年至2020年期间在皮尔森大学医院接受MM移植的36例未选择的连续患者进行了回顾性单中心研究,以确定影响生存率的可能变量。患者年龄中位数为52岁(38-63岁),MM亚型分布标准。大多数患者在复发情况下进行了移植,3例(8.3%)患者在一线情况下进行了移植,7例(19%)患者进行了选择性自体-串联移植。18例患者(60%的可用细胞遗传学(CG)患者有高危疾病。12例(33.3%)移植患者伴有化疗耐药(至少未达到PR)。中位随访85个月,我们观察到中位总生存期(OS)为30个月(范围10-60),中位无进展生存期(PFS)为15个月(11-175)。OS的1年和5年Kaplan Meier生存率分别为55%和30.5%。随访期间,27例(75%)患者死亡,11例(35%)患者死于治疗相关死亡率(TRM), 16例(44%)患者死于复发。9例(25%)患者仍然存活,3例(8.3%)患者完全缓解(CR), 6例(16.7%)患者复发/进展。共有21例(58%)患者复发/进展,中位时间为11个月(3-175)。具有临床意义的急性移植物抗宿主病(aGvHD gr. >II)发生率较低(8.3%),4例患者(11.1%)发展为广泛的慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGvHD)。单变量分析证实,OS患者在行化疗前的疾病状态(化疗敏感×化疗耐药)有边际统计学意义,有利于化疗敏感患者(HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.18-1.01, p=0.05),高危细胞遗传学(CG)对生存率无显著影响。没有其他分析参数被发现是显著的。我们的研究结果支持这样的结论,即aloSCT能够克服高风险的CG,并且aloSCT仍然是一种有效的治疗选择,对于有治疗潜力的精选高风险患者,即使经常伴有活动性疾病,其毒性也可以接受,但不会显著降低生活质量。
{"title":"Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma-single center experience.","authors":"Tomáš Kříž, Alexandra Jungová, Daniel Lysák, Michal Karas, Marcela Hrabětová, Jiří Šrámek, Pavel Jindra","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_220720N733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_220720N733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The standard of care in multiple myeloma (MM) consists of induction chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant (autoSCT), but this setting doesn't present curative potential. Despite advances in new, efficient, and targeted drugs, allogeneic transplant (aloSCT) remains the modality with curative potential in MM. With the knowledge of high mortality and morbidity related to the treatment in comparison to treatment with novel drugs, there is no consensus in the indication of aloSCT in MM, also the choice of ideal patients profiting from this method is difficult. Therefore, we performed a retrospective unicentric study of 36 unselected consecutive patients transplanted for MM in the University Hospital in Pilsen between the years 2000-2020 in order to define possible variables influencing survival. The median age of the patients was 52 years (38-63) and the distribution of MM subtypes was standard. The majority of the patients were transplanted in the relapse setting, 3 (8.3%) patients in the 1st line setting, and in 7 (19%) patients elective auto-alo tandem transplant was performed. 18 patients (60% of patients with available cytogenetics (CG) had high-risk disease. 12 (33.3%) patients were transplanted with chemoresistant disease (at least PR not reached). With a median follow-up of 85 months, we observed median overall survival (OS) of 30 months (range 10-60) and median progression-free survival (PFS) of 15 months (11-175). 1- and 5-year Kaplan Meier survival probabilities for OS were 55% and 30.5% respectively. During the follow-up, 27 (75%) patients died, 11 (35%) due to treatment-related mortality (TRM), and 16 patients (44%) due to a relapse. 9 (25%) patients were still alive, 3 (8.3%) of them with complete remission (CR), and 6 (16.7%) patients with relapse/progression. Altogether 21 (58%) of the patients relapsed/progressed with a median of 11 months (3-175). Incidence of clinically significant acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD gr. >II) was low (8.3%) and extensive chronic GvHD (cGvHD) developed in 4 patients (11.1%). Univariant analysis proved marginal statistical significance in disease status before aloSCT (chemosensitive × chemoresistant) for OS, favoring patients with the chemosensitive disease (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.18-1.01, p=0.05), there was no significant impact of high-risk cytogenetics (CG) on survival. No other analyzed parameter was found to be significant. Our findings support the conclusion that aloSCT is able to overcome high-risk CG and that aloSCT still remains a valid treatment choice with acceptable toxicity in well-selected high-risk patients with curative potential, even though often with active disease, but not derogating the quality of life significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"294-299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9519442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_220519N533
Markéta Kolečková, Michala Bezděková, Jan Bouchal, Mária Janíková, Júlia Bohošová, Ondřej Slabý, Marek Svoboda, Josef Srovnal, Katherine Vomáčková, Ivo Überall, Zdeněk Kolář
miRNA expression in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) has mainly been studied from a methodological viewpoint. However, it has not been considered that miRNA expression profile may be associated with a specific morphological entity inside every tumor. The verification of this hypothesis on a set of 25 TNBCs was the subject of our previous work, where we confirmed specific expression of the studied miRNAs in 82 samples of different morphologies including inflammatory infiltrate, spindle cell, clear cell, and metastases after RNA extraction and purification as well as microchip and biostatistical analysis. In the current work, we demonstrate a low suitability of in situ hybridization method for miRNA detection compared to RT-qPCR, and in detail discuss the biological role of 8 miRNAs with the most significant changes of expression.
{"title":"Challenges of in situ hybridization in miRNA analysis of triple-negative breast cancer morphological diversity.","authors":"Markéta Kolečková, Michala Bezděková, Jan Bouchal, Mária Janíková, Júlia Bohošová, Ondřej Slabý, Marek Svoboda, Josef Srovnal, Katherine Vomáčková, Ivo Überall, Zdeněk Kolář","doi":"10.4149/neo_2023_220519N533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2023_220519N533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>miRNA expression in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) has mainly been studied from a methodological viewpoint. However, it has not been considered that miRNA expression profile may be associated with a specific morphological entity inside every tumor. The verification of this hypothesis on a set of 25 TNBCs was the subject of our previous work, where we confirmed specific expression of the studied miRNAs in 82 samples of different morphologies including inflammatory infiltrate, spindle cell, clear cell, and metastases after RNA extraction and purification as well as microchip and biostatistical analysis. In the current work, we demonstrate a low suitability of in situ hybridization method for miRNA detection compared to RT-qPCR, and in detail discuss the biological role of 8 miRNAs with the most significant changes of expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19266,"journal":{"name":"Neoplasma","volume":"70 2","pages":"179-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9519443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}