M. Olodu, A. Adeomi, F. Opia, O. Otuyemi, B. Ajayi, A. Rasaq
Context: Unhealthy eating habits combined with risky lifestyle behaviour developed early in life, may over a long time, increase the risk of developing a chronic non-communicable disease, such as cancer. The level of knowledge and understanding of cancer risk factors influences an individual's decision to adopt preventive measures. The assessment of this vital information has received much less attention among university undergraduates. Aim: This study assessed the nutrition knowledge of cancer prevention and nutritional practices of undergraduates. Settings and Design: The study was done in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, using a descriptive cross-sectional study design. Materials and Methods: A sample of 400 undergraduates completed the semi-structured self-administered questionnaire used for the study. Questions cover sociodemographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge of cancer prevention, nutritional practices and nutritional status of undergraduates. The resulting data were analysed using IBM SPSS (version 22). Results: The mean age standard deviation of the respondents was 20.7 (±2.5) years and were mostly (57.0%) in their 2nd year of the study. Half had good knowledge of foods that are protective against cancer; 61%–81% consumed whole grains, foods of animal origin and added salts thrice or more per week, whereas fruits and vegetables, legumes and nuts, were less consumed per week (25%–34%). Waist-hip-ratio revealed that 51% were at risk of malnutrition. There were statistically significant relationships between nutrition knowledge and intake of fruits, vegetable, foods of animal origin, coffee and physical exercise at P < 0.05. Conclusion: This study shows that the level of nutrition-related cancer prevention knowledge of the participants was average. Public health interventions should focus on the promotion of healthy nutritional practices and lifestyles in the population.
{"title":"Nutrition and cancer prevention: An assessment of undergraduates' knowledge and nutritional practices","authors":"M. Olodu, A. Adeomi, F. Opia, O. Otuyemi, B. Ajayi, A. Rasaq","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_7_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_7_21","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Unhealthy eating habits combined with risky lifestyle behaviour developed early in life, may over a long time, increase the risk of developing a chronic non-communicable disease, such as cancer. The level of knowledge and understanding of cancer risk factors influences an individual's decision to adopt preventive measures. The assessment of this vital information has received much less attention among university undergraduates. Aim: This study assessed the nutrition knowledge of cancer prevention and nutritional practices of undergraduates. Settings and Design: The study was done in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, using a descriptive cross-sectional study design. Materials and Methods: A sample of 400 undergraduates completed the semi-structured self-administered questionnaire used for the study. Questions cover sociodemographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge of cancer prevention, nutritional practices and nutritional status of undergraduates. The resulting data were analysed using IBM SPSS (version 22). Results: The mean age standard deviation of the respondents was 20.7 (±2.5) years and were mostly (57.0%) in their 2nd year of the study. Half had good knowledge of foods that are protective against cancer; 61%–81% consumed whole grains, foods of animal origin and added salts thrice or more per week, whereas fruits and vegetables, legumes and nuts, were less consumed per week (25%–34%). Waist-hip-ratio revealed that 51% were at risk of malnutrition. There were statistically significant relationships between nutrition knowledge and intake of fruits, vegetable, foods of animal origin, coffee and physical exercise at P < 0.05. Conclusion: This study shows that the level of nutrition-related cancer prevention knowledge of the participants was average. Public health interventions should focus on the promotion of healthy nutritional practices and lifestyles in the population.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"49 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78877552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AS Aderibigbe, CM Asaleye, EO Isaac-Okolo, OM Loto, AK Abidoye, OO Ayoola
Objectives: Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) increases maternal and perinatal complications including maternal anaemia and foetal growth restriction (FGR). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) indices obtained using Doppler ultrasound are an important tool in predicting the onset of FGR and perinatal mortality in MiP since ultrasound is cheap, readily available, noninvasive and radiation free. We aimed at comparing foetal MCA Doppler indices in pregnant women with and without malaria. The effect of parasitaemia level on these indices was also evaluated. Methods: Fifty-eight foetuses of women with MiP and 100 foetuses of age and gestational age matched apparently healthy controls between 24 and 40 weeks were consecutively recruited from the antenatal clinic of our hospital between January and December 2018. Venous blood was taken for peripheral blood film to diagnose and quantify malaria parasitaemia. Foetal MCA Doppler indices of both MiP subjects and controls were determined using real time 2.5–5.5 MHz diagnostic ultrasound machine with Doppler facility. Results: Mean foetal MCA resistive index, pulsatility index, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity, and systolic-diastolic ratio for MiP subjects were 0.81 ± 0.05, 1.65 ± 0.24, 48.31 ± 14.16, 9.72 ± 4.18 and 5.53 ± 1.34 while those for controls were 0.84 ± 0.04, 1.88 ± 0.19, 51.43 ± 11.41, 8.24 ± 2.51 and 6.51 ± 1.02, respectively. Apart from PSV (P = 0.132), other indices evaluated showed statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.01). None of the parameters showed significance association with the level of parasitaemia. Conclusion: MiP causes detectable changes in the foetal MCA Doppler indices which may indicate foetal distress and also suggest FGR.
{"title":"Effects of malaria parasitaemia on foetal middle cerebral artery doppler indices in a cohort of pregnant Nigerian women","authors":"AS Aderibigbe, CM Asaleye, EO Isaac-Okolo, OM Loto, AK Abidoye, OO Ayoola","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_1_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_1_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) increases maternal and perinatal complications including maternal anaemia and foetal growth restriction (FGR). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) indices obtained using Doppler ultrasound are an important tool in predicting the onset of FGR and perinatal mortality in MiP since ultrasound is cheap, readily available, noninvasive and radiation free. We aimed at comparing foetal MCA Doppler indices in pregnant women with and without malaria. The effect of parasitaemia level on these indices was also evaluated. Methods: Fifty-eight foetuses of women with MiP and 100 foetuses of age and gestational age matched apparently healthy controls between 24 and 40 weeks were consecutively recruited from the antenatal clinic of our hospital between January and December 2018. Venous blood was taken for peripheral blood film to diagnose and quantify malaria parasitaemia. Foetal MCA Doppler indices of both MiP subjects and controls were determined using real time 2.5–5.5 MHz diagnostic ultrasound machine with Doppler facility. Results: Mean foetal MCA resistive index, pulsatility index, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity, and systolic-diastolic ratio for MiP subjects were 0.81 ± 0.05, 1.65 ± 0.24, 48.31 ± 14.16, 9.72 ± 4.18 and 5.53 ± 1.34 while those for controls were 0.84 ± 0.04, 1.88 ± 0.19, 51.43 ± 11.41, 8.24 ± 2.51 and 6.51 ± 1.02, respectively. Apart from PSV (P = 0.132), other indices evaluated showed statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.01). None of the parameters showed significance association with the level of parasitaemia. Conclusion: MiP causes detectable changes in the foetal MCA Doppler indices which may indicate foetal distress and also suggest FGR.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"43 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85942004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Amusat, O. Adebisi, O. Kayode, S. Adebayo, T. Olunuga, O. Oke, O. Owoseni, F. Arogundade
A case of a 52-year-old woman presented with non-specific symptoms: generalised weakness, loss of appetite and left leg pain of about a week duration. She later developed nephrotic syndrome, cardiomegaly with arrhythmias, adrenal insufficiency, cutaneous amyloid, with consolidation on chest X-ray and hepatomegaly. She had a renal biopsy that revealed renal amyloidosis. She was treated with thalidomide, bortezomib, methylprednisolone, ranitidine and allopurinol without significant improvement. Amyloidosis is a rare disease that requires a high index of suspicion. She may have responded if she had been diagnosed early, and hence, early diagnosis is a key in successful management.
{"title":"Systemic amyloidosis: A big masquerade of clinical symptoms with catastrophic consequences","authors":"A. Amusat, O. Adebisi, O. Kayode, S. Adebayo, T. Olunuga, O. Oke, O. Owoseni, F. Arogundade","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_31_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_31_20","url":null,"abstract":"A case of a 52-year-old woman presented with non-specific symptoms: generalised weakness, loss of appetite and left leg pain of about a week duration. She later developed nephrotic syndrome, cardiomegaly with arrhythmias, adrenal insufficiency, cutaneous amyloid, with consolidation on chest X-ray and hepatomegaly. She had a renal biopsy that revealed renal amyloidosis. She was treated with thalidomide, bortezomib, methylprednisolone, ranitidine and allopurinol without significant improvement. Amyloidosis is a rare disease that requires a high index of suspicion. She may have responded if she had been diagnosed early, and hence, early diagnosis is a key in successful management.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"56 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87199330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SO Bello, I. Hassan, M. Anazodo, C. Odonye, J. Babatunde, AA Lawal, A. Adeyemi, IA Bako, SI Sasetu
Background: Waiting time is a significant feature in defining the quality of care. In a competitive health-care setting, long waiting time of patients in an outpatient department (OPD) badly affects the clients' satisfaction and the Hospitals reputation for patronage. This study sought to determine the patients' waiting time, satisfaction and their relationship in Lafia Nasarawa State. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study amongst clients accessing care at the OPD of Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to participants recruited consecutively over 6 weeks' period. De-identifiers were used to maintain privacy and confidentiality of data. The analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Patients waiting time in each unit, the cumulative time spent before accessing care and clients' satisfaction were evaluated. Correlation coefficient was determined. Significant P < 0.05. Results: Of the 783 participants, 61.7% waited for over an hour before seeing a doctor. More than half (50.6%) of these were on follow-up visits. 66.3% and 73.4% were satisfied with the care received at reception and the overall hospital services, respectively. Others were 66.4%, 81.0%, 84.4% and 81.3% satisfaction at the record, nursing, consulting room and pharmacy units, respectively. A third was dissatisfied with the long waiting. Reasons for the long waiting were; large patients turn-out, long folders search/poor record keeping, inadequate personnel and late arrival of doctors. Patients' satisfaction was significantly influenced by the waiting time across all units P < 0.001. Conclusions: Although the waiting period in this study seems long, there is a high level of satisfaction with the health-care services across units with a third of the responders dissatisfied with the long waiting time. Large patients, poor record keeping delaying folders retrieval, inadequate personnel and late arrival of doctors were reasons for the long waiting. Short waiting is associated with satisfaction. An appointment system, electronic record, training and retraining are recommended.
背景:等待时间是定义护理质量的一个重要特征。在竞争激烈的医疗保健环境中，门诊患者的长时间等待严重影响了客户的满意度和医院的惠顾声誉。本研究旨在确定拉菲亚纳萨拉瓦州患者的等待时间、满意度及其关系。方法:这是一项横断面研究，对象是在拉菲亚达尔哈图阿拉夫专科医院门诊就诊的患者。对连续6周招募的参与者进行问卷调查。使用去标识符来维护数据的隐私和机密性。使用SPSS version 23进行分析。患者在每个单位的等待时间，获得护理前的累积时间和客户满意度进行了评估。测定相关系数。P < 0.05。结果:在783名参与者中，61.7%的人在看医生前等待了一个多小时。其中超过一半(50.6%)的患者接受了随访。66.3%和73.4%的人对接待服务和医院整体服务感到满意。其他科室满意度分别为66.4%、81.0%、84.4%、81.3%。三分之一的人对漫长的等待感到不满。长时间等待的原因是;就诊人数多，文件夹搜索时间长/记录保存不良，人员不足，医生迟到。各科室的患者满意度均受候诊时间的显著影响P < 0.001。结论:虽然本研究的等待期似乎很长，但各单位对卫生保健服务的满意度很高，三分之一的应答者对等待时间长不满意。病人多、记录保存差、文件夹检索延迟、人员不足和医生姗姗来迟是造成长时间等待的原因。短暂的等待与满意度有关。建议建立预约制度、电子档案、培训和再培训。
{"title":"Waiting time and clients satisfaction: An assessment of quality of care in Lafia Nasarawa State Nigeria","authors":"SO Bello, I. Hassan, M. Anazodo, C. Odonye, J. Babatunde, AA Lawal, A. Adeyemi, IA Bako, SI Sasetu","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_11_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_11_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Waiting time is a significant feature in defining the quality of care. In a competitive health-care setting, long waiting time of patients in an outpatient department (OPD) badly affects the clients' satisfaction and the Hospitals reputation for patronage. This study sought to determine the patients' waiting time, satisfaction and their relationship in Lafia Nasarawa State. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study amongst clients accessing care at the OPD of Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to participants recruited consecutively over 6 weeks' period. De-identifiers were used to maintain privacy and confidentiality of data. The analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Patients waiting time in each unit, the cumulative time spent before accessing care and clients' satisfaction were evaluated. Correlation coefficient was determined. Significant P < 0.05. Results: Of the 783 participants, 61.7% waited for over an hour before seeing a doctor. More than half (50.6%) of these were on follow-up visits. 66.3% and 73.4% were satisfied with the care received at reception and the overall hospital services, respectively. Others were 66.4%, 81.0%, 84.4% and 81.3% satisfaction at the record, nursing, consulting room and pharmacy units, respectively. A third was dissatisfied with the long waiting. Reasons for the long waiting were; large patients turn-out, long folders search/poor record keeping, inadequate personnel and late arrival of doctors. Patients' satisfaction was significantly influenced by the waiting time across all units P < 0.001. Conclusions: Although the waiting period in this study seems long, there is a high level of satisfaction with the health-care services across units with a third of the responders dissatisfied with the long waiting time. Large patients, poor record keeping delaying folders retrieval, inadequate personnel and late arrival of doctors were reasons for the long waiting. Short waiting is associated with satisfaction. An appointment system, electronic record, training and retraining are recommended.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"19 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81602463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The COVID-19 pandemic: A typical public health issue – More than a public health issue","authors":"F. Khalid-Salako, M. Dodoh, S. Pallerla","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_10_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_10_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"221 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81198522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yahaya, J. Yahaya, A. Olorukooba, N. Nass, N. Waziri, A. Sule, F. Dantsoho, N. Idongesit, R. Obansa, T. Ahamed, S. Kabir
Background: District Health Information System (DHIS) is a web-based electronic data capturing platform built on a framework of Health Management Information System (HMIS). In 2014, Nigeria adopted DHIS as the only government-approved electronic reporting platform for all HMIS data. In Katsina State, poor data quality has been identified to be a measure setback despite the robust data quality monitoring tools contained in the DHIS package and this had adversely affected the use of data for informed decision-making. Materials and Methods: Retrospective and prospective studies were conducted on routine immunisation (RI) data uploaded on the DHIS of Katsina State. These studies were carried out to determine the root causes of data quality issues in the state and to conduct field spot checks using predesigned Data Quality and Use Supportive Supervision (DQUSS) checklists. RI data uploaded on the DHIS2 for the period of January 2018 to December 2018 were downloaded and analysed for varying data quality issues. These data served as baseline data for prospective follow-up. The data quality issues were segregated by local government areas (LGAs) for purposive supervision visits. Data quality monitoring tools on the DHIS2 RI dashboard were used for monitoring these data quality issues. The LGAs were monitored overtime for the period of January 2019 to September 2019 through predefined indicators on the DHIS2 RI dashboard. Results: Training gap (odds ratio of 0.85 at 95% confidence interval) was identified to be the modal cause of poor data quality in the study area. A continuum of improved data quality was observed over time post conduct of DQUSS. Conclusion: It was concluded that persistence of RI data quality issues was attributed to inadequate quality supportive supervision in the state.
{"title":"District health information system 2 routine immunisation dashboard: A tool for improving routine immunisation data quality in Katsina State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Yahaya, J. Yahaya, A. Olorukooba, N. Nass, N. Waziri, A. Sule, F. Dantsoho, N. Idongesit, R. Obansa, T. Ahamed, S. Kabir","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_4_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_4_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: District Health Information System (DHIS) is a web-based electronic data capturing platform built on a framework of Health Management Information System (HMIS). In 2014, Nigeria adopted DHIS as the only government-approved electronic reporting platform for all HMIS data. In Katsina State, poor data quality has been identified to be a measure setback despite the robust data quality monitoring tools contained in the DHIS package and this had adversely affected the use of data for informed decision-making. Materials and Methods: Retrospective and prospective studies were conducted on routine immunisation (RI) data uploaded on the DHIS of Katsina State. These studies were carried out to determine the root causes of data quality issues in the state and to conduct field spot checks using predesigned Data Quality and Use Supportive Supervision (DQUSS) checklists. RI data uploaded on the DHIS2 for the period of January 2018 to December 2018 were downloaded and analysed for varying data quality issues. These data served as baseline data for prospective follow-up. The data quality issues were segregated by local government areas (LGAs) for purposive supervision visits. Data quality monitoring tools on the DHIS2 RI dashboard were used for monitoring these data quality issues. The LGAs were monitored overtime for the period of January 2019 to September 2019 through predefined indicators on the DHIS2 RI dashboard. Results: Training gap (odds ratio of 0.85 at 95% confidence interval) was identified to be the modal cause of poor data quality in the study area. A continuum of improved data quality was observed over time post conduct of DQUSS. Conclusion: It was concluded that persistence of RI data quality issues was attributed to inadequate quality supportive supervision in the state.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"9 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91113353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To determine the attitude of antenatal attendees towards birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPACR) in Southern Nigeria and factors associated with a positive attitude. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 405 pregnant women in their third trimester attending antenatal care (ANC) in Benin City. The attitude of the respondents was measured using the composite variable of the 8 items in a Likert scale. Analysis was with SPSS v21. The binary logistic regression model was fitted, and statistically significant association of variables was determined based on the adjusted odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence interval (CI) and level of statistical significance at P < 0.05. Results: Overall, 368 (90.9%) of the attendees displayed a positive attitude to BPACR. They displayed a more positive attitude towards planning for place to give birth 402 (99.3%) and poorest towards partner's participation in accompanying them to ANC visits 189 (46.7%). The age groups 25–29 (OR = 4.535; 95% CI = 1.581–13.006) and 30–34 (OR = 3.506; 95% CI = 1.257–9.778) and multiparity (OR = 2.564; 95% CI = 1.022–6.433) were predictive of positive attitude towards BPACR. Conclusion: This study found a positive attitude towards BPACR among the majority of the attendees which was poorest in domains relating to partner's participation. Their age and parity were found to be predictive of their positive attitude. ANC services should be made available to provide the appropriate health information. Women should be counselled on the major roles of men in reproductive health to improve their attitude towards male involvement in maternity care.
目的:确定产前参加者对出生准备和并发症准备(BPACR)在尼日利亚南部的态度和积极的态度相关的因素。材料和方法:本横断面研究在贝宁市参加产前护理(ANC)的405名妊娠晚期孕妇中进行。被调查者的态度采用李克特量表中8项的复合变量进行测量。使用SPSS v21进行分析。拟合二元logistic回归模型，以校正优势比(OR)为95%置信区间(CI)， P < 0.05为统计学显著水平，确定变量间的相关性有统计学显著性。结果:368人(90.9%)对BPACR表现出积极态度。她们对计划分娩地点(402人)(99.3%)的态度更为积极，对伴侣陪同她们参加非国大访问(189人)(46.7%)的态度最差。25-29岁年龄组(OR = 4.535;95% CI = 1.581-13.006)和30-34 (OR = 3.506;95% CI = 1.257-9.778)和多偶校验(OR = 2.564;95% CI = 1.022 ~ 6.433)预测患者对BPACR的积极态度。结论:本研究发现大多数参与者对BPACR的态度是积极的，而在与伙伴参与相关的领域中态度最差。研究发现，他们的年龄和性别可以预测他们的积极态度。应提供非国大服务，以提供适当的保健信息。应就男子在生殖健康方面的主要作用向妇女提供咨询，以改善她们对男子参与产妇护理的态度。
{"title":"Attitude towards birth preparedness and complication readiness among urban antenatal attendees in Southern Nigeria","authors":"Collins Ejakhianghe Maximilian Okoror, V. Omuemu","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_5_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_5_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine the attitude of antenatal attendees towards birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPACR) in Southern Nigeria and factors associated with a positive attitude. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 405 pregnant women in their third trimester attending antenatal care (ANC) in Benin City. The attitude of the respondents was measured using the composite variable of the 8 items in a Likert scale. Analysis was with SPSS v21. The binary logistic regression model was fitted, and statistically significant association of variables was determined based on the adjusted odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence interval (CI) and level of statistical significance at P < 0.05. Results: Overall, 368 (90.9%) of the attendees displayed a positive attitude to BPACR. They displayed a more positive attitude towards planning for place to give birth 402 (99.3%) and poorest towards partner's participation in accompanying them to ANC visits 189 (46.7%). The age groups 25–29 (OR = 4.535; 95% CI = 1.581–13.006) and 30–34 (OR = 3.506; 95% CI = 1.257–9.778) and multiparity (OR = 2.564; 95% CI = 1.022–6.433) were predictive of positive attitude towards BPACR. Conclusion: This study found a positive attitude towards BPACR among the majority of the attendees which was poorest in domains relating to partner's participation. Their age and parity were found to be predictive of their positive attitude. ANC services should be made available to provide the appropriate health information. Women should be counselled on the major roles of men in reproductive health to improve their attitude towards male involvement in maternity care.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"3 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75749826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conns syndrome is a known cause of secondary hypertension. It is not commonly reported in low-income nations like Nigeria and many cases could be wrongly managed as primary hypertension due to low index of suspicion on the part of the clinicians, inadequate diagnostic tests or non-availability of funds for these tests. This could lead to poor treatment outcome. We present the case management of the patient and reviewed the literature. A 58-year-old male with history of poor blood pressure control, recurrent body weakness and palpitation was referred to the nephrology unit for further management. Examination revealed thickened arterial wall, elevated blood pressure, an enlarged heart and a fourth heart sound. The serum potassium was low, this was corrected. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated urine potassium and serum aldosterone-to-renin ratio. Ultrasound scan showed normal-sized echogenic kidneys, electrocardiogram showed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and echocardiogram showed LVH, mild left ventricular dilatation and mild aortic valve regurgitation. Computed tomography revealed bilaterally enlarged adrenal glands. He was managed for Conns syndrome and responded well to salt restriction, eplerenone and other BP-lowering drugs. This case confirms that with a very high index of suspicion and the availability of specific laboratory tests and advance radiological investigations, more cases of Conns would be diagnosed and patients are more likely to receive better treatment with more favourable outcome.
{"title":"Primary hyperaldosteronism in a 58-year-old Nigerian man with difficult to treat hypertension","authors":"P. Uduagbamen, M. Ogunmola, T. Falana, O. Alao","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_6_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_6_20","url":null,"abstract":"Conns syndrome is a known cause of secondary hypertension. It is not commonly reported in low-income nations like Nigeria and many cases could be wrongly managed as primary hypertension due to low index of suspicion on the part of the clinicians, inadequate diagnostic tests or non-availability of funds for these tests. This could lead to poor treatment outcome. We present the case management of the patient and reviewed the literature. A 58-year-old male with history of poor blood pressure control, recurrent body weakness and palpitation was referred to the nephrology unit for further management. Examination revealed thickened arterial wall, elevated blood pressure, an enlarged heart and a fourth heart sound. The serum potassium was low, this was corrected. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated urine potassium and serum aldosterone-to-renin ratio. Ultrasound scan showed normal-sized echogenic kidneys, electrocardiogram showed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and echocardiogram showed LVH, mild left ventricular dilatation and mild aortic valve regurgitation. Computed tomography revealed bilaterally enlarged adrenal glands. He was managed for Conns syndrome and responded well to salt restriction, eplerenone and other BP-lowering drugs. This case confirms that with a very high index of suspicion and the availability of specific laboratory tests and advance radiological investigations, more cases of Conns would be diagnosed and patients are more likely to receive better treatment with more favourable outcome.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"64 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77914819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: The lack of proven treatment for COVID-19 compounded by limitless information on supposed useful remedies has led to a surge in self-medication (SM). A Google Trends search showed that the search for SM and related terms increased during the current pandemic. Aims: The main aims of this study were to explore the prevalence, patterns and determinants of SM amongst residents in an Semi-urban community located in Southern Nigeria, during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a semi-urban Nigerian community from April to June 2020. Subjects and Methods: The stratified sampling method was used to select 384 study participants from the five wards in the community. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data, psychographic information and history of SM since the onset of the pandemic. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical analysis used was SPSS 22.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics, New York, USA). Results: The overall prevalence of SM was 25.5%; of these, 8.2% self-medicated for prevention or treatment of COVID-19 infection. Chloroquine (CQ) tablets were ingested by 46.6% of those who self-medicated. Those in Class I occupational level had five times the odds of self-medicating compared to those in Class V (P = 0.035). Conclusions: A quarter of the respondents practised SM during the COVID-19 pandemic; one-third of these self-medicated to prevent or treat COVID-19. The most frequent drug used for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 was CQ. Higher income and occupational level were associated with SM.
背景:由于缺乏针对COVID-19的可靠治疗方法，再加上关于所谓有效补救措施的无限信息，导致自我药疗(SM)激增。谷歌趋势搜索显示，在当前大流行期间，对SM和相关术语的搜索有所增加。目的:本研究的主要目的是探讨在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，尼日利亚南部一个半城市社区居民中SM的患病率、模式和决定因素。环境和设计:这项横断面研究于2020年4月至6月在尼日利亚的一个半城市社区进行。对象与方法:采用分层抽样方法，从社区5个病区中抽取384名研究对象。采用了一份结构化问卷，以获取自大流行开始以来的社会人口统计数据、心理信息和性行为史。使用的统计分析:使用SPSS 22.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics, New York, USA)进行统计分析。结果:SM总患病率为25.5%;其中8.2%为预防或治疗COVID-19感染而自我用药。自行用药的患者中，有46.6%的人服用了氯喹片。ⅰ类职业水平的自我用药率是ⅴ类职业水平的5倍(P = 0.035)。结论:在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，四分之一的受访者实施了性行为预防;其中三分之一通过自我用药来预防或治疗COVID-19。预防和治疗COVID-19最常用的药物是CQ。高收入和职业水平与SM相关。
{"title":"Self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic: Prevalence, pattern and risk factors amongst residents in a semi-urban Nigerian community","authors":"O. Okoye, J. Ohaju-Obodo, M. Ntaji","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_50_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_50_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The lack of proven treatment for COVID-19 compounded by limitless information on supposed useful remedies has led to a surge in self-medication (SM). A Google Trends search showed that the search for SM and related terms increased during the current pandemic. Aims: The main aims of this study were to explore the prevalence, patterns and determinants of SM amongst residents in an Semi-urban community located in Southern Nigeria, during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a semi-urban Nigerian community from April to June 2020. Subjects and Methods: The stratified sampling method was used to select 384 study participants from the five wards in the community. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data, psychographic information and history of SM since the onset of the pandemic. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical analysis used was SPSS 22.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics, New York, USA). Results: The overall prevalence of SM was 25.5%; of these, 8.2% self-medicated for prevention or treatment of COVID-19 infection. Chloroquine (CQ) tablets were ingested by 46.6% of those who self-medicated. Those in Class I occupational level had five times the odds of self-medicating compared to those in Class V (P = 0.035). Conclusions: A quarter of the respondents practised SM during the COVID-19 pandemic; one-third of these self-medicated to prevent or treat COVID-19. The most frequent drug used for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 was CQ. Higher income and occupational level were associated with SM.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"51 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90824466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liver cirrhosis (LC) is a disease of the liver characterised by replacement of the normal liver architecture by nodules. It is a disease that is commonly diagnosed at a late stage in Nigeria. Chronic hepatitis B infection is the most common cause of LC in Nigeria, probably followed by chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol consumption. LC often transforms to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and this may be diagnosed for the first time at presentation. In fact, most HCC in Nigeria occur on a background of LC in up to 80% of cases. Few cases of LC that are therefore diagnosed at an early stage will need good clinical and laboratory assessment and skilled management to mitigate early transformation to HCC. The pathogenesis and pathogenetic pathways LC transforms to HCC as well as the roles chronic hepatitis B virus and HCV play in the transformation are highlighted. In addition, the detection of early onset of HCC in the cirrhotic liver and the challenges of investigation modalities and treatment are the highlights of this review article.
{"title":"Malignant transformation of cirrhotic liver","authors":"O. Adekanle, MM Oje, D. Ndububa","doi":"10.4103/njhs.njhs_30_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njhs.njhs_30_20","url":null,"abstract":"Liver cirrhosis (LC) is a disease of the liver characterised by replacement of the normal liver architecture by nodules. It is a disease that is commonly diagnosed at a late stage in Nigeria. Chronic hepatitis B infection is the most common cause of LC in Nigeria, probably followed by chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol consumption. LC often transforms to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and this may be diagnosed for the first time at presentation. In fact, most HCC in Nigeria occur on a background of LC in up to 80% of cases. Few cases of LC that are therefore diagnosed at an early stage will need good clinical and laboratory assessment and skilled management to mitigate early transformation to HCC. The pathogenesis and pathogenetic pathways LC transforms to HCC as well as the roles chronic hepatitis B virus and HCV play in the transformation are highlighted. In addition, the detection of early onset of HCC in the cirrhotic liver and the challenges of investigation modalities and treatment are the highlights of this review article.","PeriodicalId":19310,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"37 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89378019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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