Efficient and safe extraction of microRNAs (miRNAs) from biological samples is pivotal for genetic regulation studies and biotechnological applications. This study focuses on optimizing the microRNA extraction process from the plasma of common carp, a significant species in aquaculture. Recognizing the limitations and hazards of commercial extraction kits, which often employ toxic chemicals like phenol and chloroform, we sought to develop a safer and more effective alternative. Our optimized protocol utilizes guanidinium isothiocyanate (GITC) and sarkosyl, omitting hazardous substances. We explored several parameters including GITC concentration, the addition of sarkosyl, and the role of sodium chloride in enhancing miRNA yield. Our findings demonstrate that optimal conditions involve a GITC concentration of 4.2 M, a 3% sarkosyl concentration, and the use of sodium chloride at 0.5 M. We also investigated the utility of glycogen as a nucleic acid carrier, finding 160 µg to be the optimal concentration. Comparative analysis with commercial kits indicated our method provides higher miRNA yields with reduced cycle threshold values, underscoring the effectiveness of our custom protocol. This optimized approach not only enhances miRNA recovery but also emphasizes safety and cost-effectiveness, making it a valuable method for both research and practical applications in aquaculture.
{"title":"Optimization of microRNA extraction from the plasma of the common carp.","authors":"Yiwen Wan, Xiaoling Li, Xiangyi Chen, Yong He, Wenwen Suo, Xiao Yang, Zhonggui Xie","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2400200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2400200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Efficient and safe extraction of microRNAs (miRNAs) from biological samples is pivotal for genetic regulation studies and biotechnological applications. This study focuses on optimizing the microRNA extraction process from the plasma of common carp, a significant species in aquaculture. Recognizing the limitations and hazards of commercial extraction kits, which often employ toxic chemicals like phenol and chloroform, we sought to develop a safer and more effective alternative. Our optimized protocol utilizes guanidinium isothiocyanate (GITC) and sarkosyl, omitting hazardous substances. We explored several parameters including GITC concentration, the addition of sarkosyl, and the role of sodium chloride in enhancing miRNA yield. Our findings demonstrate that optimal conditions involve a GITC concentration of 4.2 M, a 3% sarkosyl concentration, and the use of sodium chloride at 0.5 M. We also investigated the utility of glycogen as a nucleic acid carrier, finding 160 µg to be the optimal concentration. Comparative analysis with commercial kits indicated our method provides higher miRNA yields with reduced cycle threshold values, underscoring the effectiveness of our custom protocol. This optimized approach not only enhances miRNA recovery but also emphasizes safety and cost-effectiveness, making it a valuable method for both research and practical applications in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2395872
Mustafa Capraz, Akin Tekcan, Mustafa Cihangiroglu, Ayse Feyda Nursal, Aylin Capraz, Elif Menekse, Hatice Dortok Demir, Nilufer Kuruca, Serbulent Yigit
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic occurring worldwide due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, spreading mainly through large respiratory droplets or maybe through other transmission routes. The human genome has the most varied immune response genes correlated with infectious diseases. Genetic variants of mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2), an immunomodulatory gene, were associated with the risk, severity, and frequency of viral infections. In the present study, we hypothesized that the MBL2 gene rs1800450 variant could be associated with the development of COVID-19 disease in a Turkish population. Ninety-eight COVID-19 patients and 98 healthy, ethnically matched controls were studied. We isolated genomic DNA from whole blood and analyzed the MBL2 rs1800450 using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Associations were analyzed with the SPSS 20 statistical software. We found that MBL2 rs1800450 genotype distribution was significantly different between patients and controls. The patients had a higher MBL2 rs1800450 AA genotype than the controls had (4.94% in patients vs. 3.12% in controls, p = 0.006). The subjects carrying AA genotype had a 10.83-fold increased risk for COVID-19 disease (OR = 10.83, %95 CI = 1.359-86.349). We could not detect any significant difference between the COVID-19 patients and healthy controls in allele frequencies. Our findings demonstrated that the MBL2 rs1800450 BB genotype might increase the susceptibility to COVID-19 disease in the Turkish population. We suggest further studies with a larger sample size and other ethnic populations.
{"title":"The effect of the <i>MBL2</i> gene rs1800450 variant on COVID-19 development in Turkish patients.","authors":"Mustafa Capraz, Akin Tekcan, Mustafa Cihangiroglu, Ayse Feyda Nursal, Aylin Capraz, Elif Menekse, Hatice Dortok Demir, Nilufer Kuruca, Serbulent Yigit","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2395872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2395872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic occurring worldwide due to the <i>severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</i> (SARS-CoV-2) virus, spreading mainly through large respiratory droplets or maybe through other transmission routes. The human genome has the most varied immune response genes correlated with infectious diseases. Genetic variants of mannose-binding lectin 2 (<i>MBL2</i>), an immunomodulatory gene, were associated with the risk, severity, and frequency of viral infections. In the present study, we hypothesized that the <i>MBL2</i> gene rs1800450 variant could be associated with the development of COVID-19 disease in a Turkish population. Ninety-eight COVID-19 patients and 98 healthy, ethnically matched controls were studied. We isolated genomic DNA from whole blood and analyzed the <i>MBL2</i> rs1800450 using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Associations were analyzed with the SPSS 20 statistical software. We found that <i>MBL2</i> rs1800450 genotype distribution was significantly different between patients and controls. The patients had a higher <i>MBL2</i> rs1800450 AA genotype than the controls had (4.94% in patients vs. 3.12% in controls, <i>p</i> = 0.006). The subjects carrying AA genotype had a 10.83-fold increased risk for COVID-19 disease (OR = 10.83, %95 CI = 1.359-86.349). We could not detect any significant difference between the COVID-19 patients and healthy controls in allele frequencies. Our findings demonstrated that the <i>MBL2</i> rs1800450 BB genotype might increase the susceptibility to COVID-19 disease in the Turkish population. We suggest further studies with a larger sample size and other ethnic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of rs12976445 polymorphism in the promoter region of miR-125a and rs2114358 in the precursor region of miR-1206 to breast cancer susceptibility.
Method: A total of 230 participants (110 breast cancer and 120 controls) enrolled in this study and extracted genomic DNA. The genotypes were determined by the Tetra-ARMS method. The allele and genotype frequencies were determined.
Results: Allele variation in the rs12976445 (miR-125a) sequence increased the risk of breast cancer; a significant relationship was observed between breast cancer and allele change in individuals with the C allele (p = 0.01). However, allele variation in the rs2114358 (miR-1206) decreased the risk of breast cancer in individuals with allele A (p = 0.01). In silico study showed that allele change was associated with a reduction in structural stability.
Conclusion: Therefore, the rs12976445 variant can be considered a risk factor for breast cancer, and the rs2114358 variant is a protective factor against it.
研究背景本研究旨在探讨miR-125a启动子区的rs12976445多态性和miR-1206前体区的rs2114358多态性与乳腺癌易感性的关系:共有 230 名参与者(110 名乳腺癌患者和 120 名对照组患者)参加了这项研究,并提取了基因组 DNA。基因型用 Tetra-ARMS 方法测定。测定等位基因和基因型频率:rs12976445(miR-125a)序列的等位基因变异增加了乳腺癌的患病风险;在具有 C 等位基因的个体中,乳腺癌与等位基因变化之间存在显著关系(p = 0.01)。然而,rs2114358(miR-1206)的等位基因变异会降低等位基因为 A 的个体罹患乳腺癌的风险(p = 0.01)。硅学研究表明,等位基因的变化与结构稳定性的降低有关:因此,rs12976445 变异可被视为乳腺癌的风险因素,而 rs2114358 变异则是乳腺癌的保护因素。
{"title":"The genetic variants of miR-1206 and miR-125b in breast cancer patients: <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> analysis.","authors":"Hamideh Amini Mostafaabadi, Reza Mohammadzadeh, Somayeh Reiisi","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2398548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2398548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association of rs12976445 polymorphism in the promoter region of miR-125a and rs2114358 in the precursor region of miR-1206 to breast cancer susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 230 participants (110 breast cancer and 120 controls) enrolled in this study and extracted genomic DNA. The genotypes were determined by the Tetra-ARMS method. The allele and genotype frequencies were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Allele variation in the rs12976445 (miR-125a) sequence increased the risk of breast cancer; a significant relationship was observed between breast cancer and allele change in individuals with the C allele (<i>p</i> = 0.01). However, allele variation in the rs2114358 (miR-1206) decreased the risk of breast cancer in individuals with allele A (<i>p</i> = 0.01). In silico study showed that allele change was associated with a reduction in structural stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, the rs12976445 variant can be considered a risk factor for breast cancer, and the rs2114358 variant is a protective factor against it.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity is a common public health problem associated with serious, life-threatening complications. MicroRNAs (miRs) have modulating roles in the immune and inflammatory systems. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between miR-146a and morbid obesity (MO) in a Turkish population. In this study, a total of 258 subjects (110 patients with MO and 148 controls) were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to analyze miR-146a rs2910164. Then, we examined the patients as males and females separately. The results of the analyses were evaluated for statistical significance. There was a significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of miR-146a rs2910164 between patients with MO and control individuals. miR-146a rs2910164 CC genotype and C allele were shown to increase in the MO patients' group compared to the control group (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). Also, the C allele was higher in both female and male patients compared to controls (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). High differences were also observed when the patients and the controls were compared according to CC versus GG + GC and GG versus GC + CC (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). A significant difference was found between the female/male patients and the female/male controls in terms of GG + GC versus CC (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the relationship between this variant and MO in Turkey. Our results showed that miR-146a rs2910164 is a valuable biomarker that can be used to distinguish between patients with MO and the healthy population. The findings can be extended by increasing the sample sizes with diverse ethnicities.
肥胖是一个常见的公共健康问题,与严重的、危及生命的并发症有关。微小核糖核酸(miRs)在免疫和炎症系统中具有调节作用。因此,本研究旨在分析土耳其人群中 miR-146a 与病态肥胖(MO)之间的关系。本研究采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法,对 258 名受试者(110 名 MO 患者和 148 名对照组)进行了 miR-146a rs2910164 基因分型分析。然后,我们将患者分为男性和女性。我们对分析结果进行了统计学意义评估。与对照组相比,MO 患者组的 miR-146a rs2910164 CC 基因型和 C 等位基因均有所增加(分别为 p = 0.000 和 p = 0.000)。此外,与对照组相比,女性和男性患者的 C 等位基因均较高(分别为 p = 0.000 和 p = 0.000)。根据 CC 与 GG + GC 和 GG 与 GC + CC 进行比较,也观察到患者和对照组之间存在很大差异(分别为 p = 0.000 和 p = 0.000)。在 GG + GC 与 CC 的比较中,发现女性/男性患者与女性/男性对照组之间存在明显差异(分别为 p = 0.000、p = 0.000)。据我们所知,这是土耳其首次研究该变异与 MO 之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明,miR-146a rs2910164 是一种有价值的生物标志物,可用于区分 MO 患者和健康人群。我们可以通过增加不同种族的样本量来扩展研究结果。
{"title":"miR-146a rs2910164 (G/C) variant may predict morbid obesity risk in adults.","authors":"Zeki Ozsoy, Ayse Feyda Nursal, Seyma Ozsoy, Akin Tekcan, Serbulent Yigit","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2393323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2393323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a common public health problem associated with serious, life-threatening complications. MicroRNAs (miRs) have modulating roles in the immune and inflammatory systems. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between <i>miR-146a</i> and morbid obesity <b>(</b>MO) in a Turkish population. In this study, a total of 258 subjects (110 patients with MO and 148 controls) were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to analyze <i>miR-146a</i> rs2910164. Then, we examined the patients as males and females separately. The results of the analyses were evaluated for statistical significance. There was a significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of <i>miR-146a</i> rs2910164 between patients with MO and control individuals. <i>miR-146a</i> rs2910164 CC genotype and C allele were shown to increase in the MO patients' group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.000, <i>p</i> = 0.000, respectively). Also, the C allele was higher in both female and male patients compared to controls (<i>p</i> = 0.000, <i>p</i> = 0.000, respectively). High differences were also observed when the patients and the controls were compared according to CC versus GG + GC and GG versus GC + CC (<i>p</i> = 0.000, <i>p</i> = 0.000, respectively). A significant difference was found between the female/male patients and the female/male controls in terms of GG + GC versus CC (<i>p</i> = 0.000, <i>p</i> = 0.000, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the relationship between this variant and MO in Turkey. Our results showed that <i>miR-146a</i> rs2910164 is a valuable biomarker that can be used to distinguish between patients with MO and the healthy population. The findings can be extended by increasing the sample sizes with diverse ethnicities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several studies have reported the relationship between LIN28A gene polymorphisms (rs3811463 T > C and rs34787247 G > A) and cancer susceptibility, but the results are inconsistent and need further clarification. The current study aimed to evaluate their relationship and also to explore the relationship between LIN28A gene expression and immune infiltration, tumor stage, survival prognosis, and drug sensitivity in pan-cancer. The meta-analysis and data mining were completed by STATA software and the GSCA platform, respectively. The meta-analysis showed that the rs3811463 polymorphism was not associated with cancer susceptibility, while the rs34787247 polymorphism was associated with cancer susceptibility in the Chinese population [AA vs. GG: Odd Ratio (OR)=1.98, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.35-2.89, PZ<0.001; GA vs. GG: OR = 1.17, 95%CI= 1.01-1.36, PZ=0.04; (AA + GA) vs. GG: OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.07-1.43, PZ=0.004; AA vs. (GA + GG): OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.30- 2.78, PZ=0.001; A vs. G: OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.12-1.44, PZ<0.001]. LIN28A gene expression was associated not only with immune infiltration, pathological stage, and survival prognosis of certain cancers, but also with sensitivity to multiple anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, pazopanib, olaparib, and selumetinib. In conclusion, the current study suggested that the rs34787247 G > A polymorphism might be used as a cancer risk marker in the Chinese population, and LIN28A might serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for certain cancers.
一些研究报道了LIN28A基因多态性(rs3811463 T > C和rs34787247 G > A)与癌症易感性之间的关系,但结果并不一致,需要进一步澄清。本研究旨在评估它们之间的关系,并探讨泛癌症中 LIN28A 基因表达与免疫浸润、肿瘤分期、生存预后和药物敏感性之间的关系。荟萃分析和数据挖掘分别由 STATA 软件和 GSCA 平台完成。荟萃分析表明,rs3811463 多态性与癌症易感性无关,而在中国人群中,rs34787247 多态性与癌症易感性有关[AA vs. GG:奇异比(Odd ratio)]。GG: Odd Ratio (OR)=1.98, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.35-2.89, PZZ=0.04; (AA + GA) vs. GG: OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.07-1.43, PZ=0.004; AA vs. (GA + GG):OR = 1.90,95%CI = 1.30- 2.78,PZ=0.001;A vs. G:OR = 1.27,95%CI = 1.12-1.44,PZLIN28A 基因表达不仅与免疫浸润、病理分期和某些癌症的生存预后有关,还与多种抗癌药物如顺铂、帕唑帕尼、奥拉帕尼和塞鲁米替尼的敏感性有关。总之,本研究表明,rs34787247 G > A 多态性可作为中国人群的癌症风险标志物,LIN28A 可作为某些癌症的预后标志物和治疗靶点。
{"title":"Clinical significance of <i>LIN28A</i> gene polymorphisms and expression in pan-cancer: a meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis.","authors":"Surui Zhou, Jinyin Xue, Qijun Yang, Wenjing Zang, Yi Chen, Yining Zhao, Xueren Gao","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2393316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2393316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have reported the relationship between <i>LIN28A</i> gene polymorphisms (rs3811463 T > C and rs34787247 G > A) and cancer susceptibility, but the results are inconsistent and need further clarification. The current study aimed to evaluate their relationship and also to explore the relationship between <i>LIN28A</i> gene expression and immune infiltration, tumor stage, survival prognosis, and drug sensitivity in pan-cancer. The meta-analysis and data mining were completed by STATA software and the GSCA platform, respectively. The meta-analysis showed that the rs3811463 polymorphism was not associated with cancer susceptibility, while the rs34787247 polymorphism was associated with cancer susceptibility in the Chinese population [AA vs. GG: Odd Ratio (OR)=1.98, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.35-2.89, P<sub>Z</sub><0.001; GA vs. GG: OR = 1.17, 95%CI= 1.01-1.36, P<sub>Z</sub>=0.04; (AA + GA) vs. GG: OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.07-1.43, P<sub>Z</sub>=0.004; AA vs. (GA + GG): OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.30- 2.78, P<sub>Z</sub>=0.001; A vs. G: OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.12-1.44, P<sub>Z</sub><0.001]. <i>LIN28A</i> gene expression was associated not only with immune infiltration, pathological stage, and survival prognosis of certain cancers, but also with sensitivity to multiple anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, pazopanib, olaparib, and selumetinib. In conclusion, the current study suggested that the rs34787247 G > A polymorphism might be used as a cancer risk marker in the Chinese population, and LIN28A might serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for certain cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In genomic research, identifying the exon regions in eukaryotes is the most cumbersome task. This article introduces a new promising model-independent method based on short-time discrete Fourier transform (ST-DFT) and fine-tuned variational mode decomposition (FTVMD) for identifying exon regions. The proposed method uses the N/3 periodicity property of the eukaryotic genes to detect the exon regions using the ST-DFT. However, background noise is present in the spectrum of ST-DFT since the sliding rectangular window produces spectral leakage. To overcome this, FTVMD is proposed in this work. VMD is more resilient to noise and sampling errors than other decomposition techniques because it utilizes the generalization of the Wiener filter into several adaptive bands. The performance of VMD is affected due to the improper selection of the penalty factor (α), and the number of modes (K). Therefore, in fine-tuned VMD, the parameters of VMD (K and α) are optimized by maximum kurtosis value. The main objective of this article is to enhance the accuracy in the identification of exon regions in a DNA sequence. At last, a comparative study demonstrates that the proposed technique is superior to its counterparts.
{"title":"Identification of exon regions in eukaryotes using fine-tuned variational mode decomposition based on kurtosis and short-time discrete Fourier transform.","authors":"K Jayasree, Malaya Kumar Hota, Atul Kumar Dwivedi, Himanshuram Ranjan, Vinay Kumar Srivastava","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2388785","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2388785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In genomic research, identifying the exon regions in eukaryotes is the most cumbersome task. This article introduces a new promising model-independent method based on short-time discrete Fourier transform (ST-DFT) and fine-tuned variational mode decomposition (FTVMD) for identifying exon regions. The proposed method uses the <i>N</i>/3 periodicity property of the eukaryotic genes to detect the exon regions using the ST-DFT. However, background noise is present in the spectrum of ST-DFT since the sliding rectangular window produces spectral leakage. To overcome this, FTVMD is proposed in this work. VMD is more resilient to noise and sampling errors than other decomposition techniques because it utilizes the generalization of the Wiener filter into several adaptive bands. The performance of VMD is affected due to the improper selection of the penalty factor (<i>α</i>), and the number of modes (<i>K</i>). Therefore, in fine-tuned VMD, the parameters of VMD (<i>K</i> and <i>α</i>) are optimized by maximum kurtosis value. The main objective of this article is to enhance the accuracy in the identification of exon regions in a DNA sequence. At last, a comparative study demonstrates that the proposed technique is superior to its counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of renadirsen sodium, a dystrophin exon-skipping phosphorothioate-modified antisense oligonucleotide with 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene-bridged nucleic acid (ENA), after subcutaneous or intravenous administration to cynomolgus monkeys were investigated. The plasma concentration of renadirsen after subcutaneous administration at 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg increased with the dose. The absolute bioavailability at 3 mg/kg after subcutaneous administration was calculated as 88.6%, and the time to reach maximum plasma concentration of renadirsen was within 4 h, indicating the efficient and rapid absorption following subcutaneous administration. The exposure of muscle tissues to renadirsen was found to increase with repeated dosing at 6 mg/kg, and higher exposure was observed in the diaphragm and heart than in the quadriceps femoris and anterior tibialis muscles. Renadirsen achieved more exon 45-skipped dystrophin mRNA in the diaphragm and heart than in the quadriceps femoris and anterior tibialis muscles. Renadirsen also showed a cumulative skipping effect in a repeated-dose study. The findings on exon 45-skipped dystrophin mRNA in these muscle tissues were consistent with the concentration of renadirsen in these tissues. Because it is not feasible to directly evaluate drug concentration and exon skipping in the heart and diaphragm in humans, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of renadirsen in these tissues in monkeys are crucial for the design and interpretation of clinical settings.
{"title":"Tissue distribution of renadirsen sodium, a dystrophin exon-skipping antisense oligonucleotide, in heart and diaphragm after subcutaneous administration to cynomolgus monkeys.","authors":"Naotoshi Yamamura, Hideo Takakusa, Daigo Asano, Kyoko Watanabe, Yukari Shibaya, Ryo Yamanaka, Keiichi Fusegawa, Akira Kanda, Hiroyuki Nagase, Kiyosumi Takaishi, Makoto Koizumi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Masafumi Matsuo","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2389545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2389545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of renadirsen sodium, a dystrophin exon-skipping phosphorothioate-modified antisense oligonucleotide with 2'-<i>O</i>,4'-<i>C</i>-ethylene-bridged nucleic acid (ENA), after subcutaneous or intravenous administration to cynomolgus monkeys were investigated. The plasma concentration of renadirsen after subcutaneous administration at 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg increased with the dose. The absolute bioavailability at 3 mg/kg after subcutaneous administration was calculated as 88.6%, and the time to reach maximum plasma concentration of renadirsen was within 4 h, indicating the efficient and rapid absorption following subcutaneous administration. The exposure of muscle tissues to renadirsen was found to increase with repeated dosing at 6 mg/kg, and higher exposure was observed in the diaphragm and heart than in the quadriceps femoris and anterior tibialis muscles. Renadirsen achieved more exon 45-skipped dystrophin mRNA in the diaphragm and heart than in the quadriceps femoris and anterior tibialis muscles. Renadirsen also showed a cumulative skipping effect in a repeated-dose study. The findings on exon 45-skipped dystrophin mRNA in these muscle tissues were consistent with the concentration of renadirsen in these tissues. Because it is not feasible to directly evaluate drug concentration and exon skipping in the heart and diaphragm in humans, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of renadirsen in these tissues in monkeys are crucial for the design and interpretation of clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), a prevalent malignant neoplasm affecting the human urinary system, is frequently linked with an unfavorable prognosis in a significant proportion of individuals. More effective and sensitive markers are needed to provide a reference for prognostic judgment. We obtained RNA sequencing data and clinical information of individuals from TCGA, and 133 copper metabolism-related genes from literature. Prognostic genes were evaluated by univariate/multivariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO analysis, and a risk-scoring model was established and validated in the GEO dataset. The CIBERSORT method was utilized to explore immune cell infiltration in BLCA individuals. In addition, tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) and immunophenoscore (IPS) were utilized to verify whether the model can foretell the response of BLCA individuals to immunotherapy. We successfully constructed an 8-gene risk scoring model to foretell individuals' overall survival, and the model performed well in TCGA training and GEO validation cohorts. Lastly, a nomogram containing clinical parameters and risk scores was constructed to help individualized result prediction for individuals. Calibration curves demonstrated a high degree of concordance between the observed and projected survival durations, attesting to its exceptional predictive accuracy. Analysis utilizing CIBERSORT unveiled elevated levels of immune cell infiltration in individuals classified as low risk. TIDE and IPS analyses substantiated that low-risk individuals exhibited a more favorable response to immunotherapy. In summary, the model held immense potential for stratifying the risk of survival and guiding tailored treatment approaches for individuals with BLCA, thereby offering valuable insights for personalized therapeutic interventions.
{"title":"Prognostic significance of copper metabolism-related genes as risk markers in bladder urothelial carcinoma.","authors":"Jiamo Zhang, Houwei Yang, Xuan Zhang, Jiangchuan Chen, Huaming Luo, Changlong Li, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2387783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2387783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), a prevalent malignant neoplasm affecting the human urinary system, is frequently linked with an unfavorable prognosis in a significant proportion of individuals. More effective and sensitive markers are needed to provide a reference for prognostic judgment. We obtained RNA sequencing data and clinical information of individuals from TCGA, and 133 copper metabolism-related genes from literature. Prognostic genes were evaluated by univariate/multivariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO analysis, and a risk-scoring model was established and validated in the GEO dataset. The CIBERSORT method was utilized to explore immune cell infiltration in BLCA individuals. In addition, tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) and immunophenoscore (IPS) were utilized to verify whether the model can foretell the response of BLCA individuals to immunotherapy. We successfully constructed an 8-gene risk scoring model to foretell individuals' overall survival, and the model performed well in TCGA training and GEO validation cohorts. Lastly, a nomogram containing clinical parameters and risk scores was constructed to help individualized result prediction for individuals. Calibration curves demonstrated a high degree of concordance between the observed and projected survival durations, attesting to its exceptional predictive accuracy. Analysis utilizing CIBERSORT unveiled elevated levels of immune cell infiltration in individuals classified as low risk. TIDE and IPS analyses substantiated that low-risk individuals exhibited a more favorable response to immunotherapy. In summary, the model held immense potential for stratifying the risk of survival and guiding tailored treatment approaches for individuals with BLCA, thereby offering valuable insights for personalized therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2388789
Quanjian Li, Yogesh S Sanghvi, Hongbin Yan
A few interactions should be considered during the detritylation reaction of solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis (SPOS): (i) interaction of solvent with acid; (ii) interaction (or reaction) of solvent with trityl cation, and (iii) interaction of scavenger with acid, with the last one as the focus of this work. Using a stopped-flow setup, commonly used trityl cation scavengers (methanol, thioanisole, 1-dodecanethiol, triisopropylsilane, triethylsilane, and trihexylsilane) were evaluated for their reactivity toward tritylium hexafluorophosphate. Among the scavengers screened, methanol and thioanisole were found to be the most and least reactive, respectively; however, methanol does interact and react with trichloroacetic acid, thus it should not be pre-mixed and stored with acid as deblock solutions. Overall, all aspects of interactions must be taken into consideration while optimizing the detritylation reaction, especially for large scale SPOS.
{"title":"An expanded framework toward improving the detritylation reaction in solid-phase oligonucleotide syntheses - filling the gap.","authors":"Quanjian Li, Yogesh S Sanghvi, Hongbin Yan","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2388789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2388789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A few interactions should be considered during the detritylation reaction of solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis (SPOS): (i) interaction of solvent with acid; (ii) interaction (or reaction) of solvent with trityl cation, and (iii) interaction of scavenger with acid, with the last one as the focus of this work. Using a stopped-flow setup, commonly used trityl cation scavengers (methanol, thioanisole, 1-dodecanethiol, triisopropylsilane, triethylsilane, and trihexylsilane) were evaluated for their reactivity toward tritylium hexafluorophosphate. Among the scavengers screened, methanol and thioanisole were found to be the most and least reactive, respectively; however, methanol does interact and react with trichloroacetic acid, thus it should not be pre-mixed and stored with acid as deblock solutions. Overall, all aspects of interactions must be taken into consideration while optimizing the detritylation reaction, especially for large scale SPOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2387033
Seher Polat, Zühal Özer Şimşek
Objective: It is necessary to identify appropriate clinical, biochemical, epidemiological and genetic biomarkers to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease. The study focused on not only the link between disease severity (non-intense unit care (non-ICU) versus intensive unit care (ICU) and genetic susceptibility in COVID-19 patients but also the connection between comorbidity and genetic susceptibility affecting the severity of COVID-19.
Subject and methods: One hundred and sixty-two COVID-19 patients treated in the non-ICU and ICU in Kayseri City Hospital were included. All volunteers underwent a physical examination and biochemical evaluation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE p.T776T G > A(rs4343) and g.16471_16472delinsALU (also referred to as I/D polymorphism; rs1799752), angiotensin II receptor type-1 (AGTR1) c.*86A > C (also referred to as A1166C; rs5186), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1-844 G > A (rs2227631) polymorphisms were analysed as well.
Results: To have ACE "ID" genotype did not change the severity of the disease (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.41-2.1, p = 0.84), but decreased the mortality risk 2.9-fold (OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.1-7.0, p = 0.03). In PAI-1-844 G > A, having the "AA" genotype in the "A" recessive model increased the risk of the diabetes mellitus (DM) 2.3-fold (OR: 2.3 95%, CI: 1.16-4.66, p = 0.018). In the "G" recessive model, to have the GG genotype increased the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) 4.8-fold (OR:4.8, 95% CI: 1.5-15.5, p = 0.008). "GG" genotype in the DM group had a higher fibrinogen level compared to those with the "AG" genotype (AG:4847.2 mg/L (1704.3) versus GG:6444.67 mg/L (1861.62) p = 0.019) and "AA" genotype in the CKD group had lower platelet levels and those with "GG" had higher platelet levels (AA:149 µL (18-159) versus GG: 228 µL (146-357) p = 0.022).
Conclusion: This study was shown that genetic predispositions that causes comorbidities were also likely to affect the prognosis of COVID-19.
目的:有必要确定适当的临床、生化、流行病学和遗传生物标志物,以阐明冠状病毒病-2019(COVID-19)疾病的潜在机制。该研究不仅关注COVID-19患者的疾病严重程度(非重症监护室(non-intense unit care,ICU)与重症监护室(intensive unit care,ICU)和遗传易感性之间的联系,还关注影响COVID-19严重程度的合并症和遗传易感性之间的联系:纳入 162 名在开塞利市医院非重症监护室和重症监护室接受治疗的 COVID-19 患者。所有志愿者均接受了身体检查和生化评估。血管紧张素转换酶(ACE p.T776T G > A(rs4343)和 g.16471_16472delinsALU(也称为 I/D 多态性;rs1799752)、血管紧张素 II 受体 1 型(AGTR1)c.*86A > C(也称为 A1166C;rs5186)和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂 1 型(PAI-1-844 G > A(rs2227631)多态性也进行了分析:结果:ACE "ID "基因型不会改变疾病的严重程度(OR:0.92,95% CI:0.41-2.1,p = 0.84),但会将死亡风险降低 2.9 倍(OR:2.9,95% CI:1.1-7.0,p = 0.03)。在 PAI-1-844 G > A 中,"A "隐性模型中的 "AA "基因型会使糖尿病(DM)风险增加 2.3 倍(OR:2.3 95%,CI:1.16-4.66,p = 0.018)。在 "G "隐性模型中,GG 基因型会使慢性肾病(CKD)的风险增加 4.8 倍(OR:4.8,95% CI:1.5-15.5,p = 0.008)。与 "AG "基因型的人相比,DM 组中 "GG "基因型的人纤维蛋白原水平更高(AG:4847.2 mg/L (1704.3) 对 GG:6444.67 mg/L (1861.62) p = 0.019),CKD 组中 "AA "基因型的人血小板水平更低,而 "GG "基因型的人血小板水平更高(AA:149 µL (18-159) 对 GG:228 µL (146-357) p = 0.022):本研究表明,导致合并症的遗传倾向也可能影响 COVID-19 的预后。
{"title":"Association between <i>ACE</i> (rs4343 and rs1799752), <i>AGTR1</i> (rs5186), and <i>PAI-1</i> (rs2227631) polymorphisms in the host and the severity of Covid-19 infection.","authors":"Seher Polat, Zühal Özer Şimşek","doi":"10.1080/15257770.2024.2387033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2024.2387033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is necessary to identify appropriate clinical, biochemical, epidemiological and genetic biomarkers to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease. The study focused on not only the link between disease severity (non-intense unit care (non-ICU) versus intensive unit care (ICU) and genetic susceptibility in COVID-19 patients but also the connection between comorbidity and genetic susceptibility affecting the severity of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>One hundred and sixty-two COVID-19 patients treated in the non-ICU and ICU in Kayseri City Hospital were included. All volunteers underwent a physical examination and biochemical evaluation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (<i>ACE</i> p.T776T G > A(rs4343) and g.16471_16472delinsALU (also referred to as I/D polymorphism; rs1799752), angiotensin II receptor type-1 (<i>AGTR1)</i> c.*86A > C (also referred to as A1166C; rs5186), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (<i>PAI-1</i>-844 G > A (rs2227631) polymorphisms were analysed as well.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To have ACE \"ID\" genotype did not change the severity of the disease (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.41-2.1, <i>p</i> = 0.84), but decreased the mortality risk 2.9-fold (OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.1-7.0, <i>p</i> = 0.03). In <i>PAI-1</i>-844 G > A, having the \"AA\" genotype in the \"A\" recessive model increased the risk of the diabetes mellitus (DM) 2.3-fold (OR: 2.3 95%, CI: 1.16-4.66, <i>p</i> = 0.018). In the \"G\" recessive model, to have the GG genotype increased the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) 4.8-fold (OR:4.8, 95% CI: 1.5-15.5, <i>p</i> = 0.008). \"GG\" genotype in the DM group had a higher fibrinogen level compared to those with the \"AG\" genotype (AG:4847.2 mg/L (1704.3) versus GG:6444.67 mg/L (1861.62) <i>p</i> = 0.019) and \"AA\" genotype in the CKD group had lower platelet levels and those with \"GG\" had higher platelet levels (AA:149 µL (18-159) versus GG: 228 µL (146-357) <i>p</i> = 0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study was shown that genetic predispositions that causes comorbidities were also likely to affect the prognosis of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":19343,"journal":{"name":"Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}