Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.007
Virginie Deswarte , Louis Lebreton , Pascal Barat , Jérôme Delplanque , Amélie Bonnefond , Marine Delagrange
We report the case of a three-year-old Senegalese child presenting with severe obesity and hyperphagia since birth. Despite normal birth parameters and non-consanguineous parents with average BMI, the child exhibited rapid weight gain, surpassing obesity thresholds before the age of one. Genetic analysis revealed a novel homozygous variant in the LEPR gene (c.3190 G>T; p.(Glu1064Ter)). Functional assays demonstrated impaired leptin receptor signaling due to this truncating mutation. This case highlights the importance of considering monogenic causes in early-onset obesity. Identifying specific mutations enables the proposal of targeted therapies and the adaptation of clinical management.
{"title":"A new homozygous pathogenic LEPR variant causing severe, early onset obesity in a Senegalese child","authors":"Virginie Deswarte , Louis Lebreton , Pascal Barat , Jérôme Delplanque , Amélie Bonnefond , Marine Delagrange","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the case of a three-year-old Senegalese child presenting with severe obesity and hyperphagia since birth. Despite normal birth parameters and non-consanguineous parents with average BMI, the child exhibited rapid weight gain, surpassing obesity thresholds before the age of one. Genetic analysis revealed a novel homozygous variant in the <em>LEPR</em> gene (c.3190 G>T; p.(Glu1064Ter)). Functional assays demonstrated impaired leptin receptor signaling due to this truncating mutation. This case highlights the importance of considering monogenic causes in early-onset obesity. Identifying specific mutations enables the proposal of targeted therapies and the adaptation of clinical management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 279-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.005
Riza Amalia, Ronal Surya Aditya, Salmiati, Herul Wahyudin
This letter responds to the article by An et al. on the link between food addiction and emotional and behavioral problems in children with obesity. We highlight two key points. First, most research on food addiction comes from Western countries, yet childhood obesity is rising quickly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in Southeast Asia. Cultural differences in food habits, family roles, and emotional expression may affect how food addiction appears and should be studied. Second, tools like the Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children (YFAS-C) must be carefully adapted and validated for different cultures—not just translated. We also suggest using digital tools, like apps and games, to support treatment, but these should be designed ethically and tested properly. We call for global research partnerships and culturally sensitive approaches to better understand and address food addiction in children worldwide
{"title":"Reframing food addiction in childhood obesity: Cultural relevance and digital innovation needed","authors":"Riza Amalia, Ronal Surya Aditya, Salmiati, Herul Wahyudin","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This letter responds to the article by An et al. on the link between food addiction and emotional and behavioral problems in children with obesity. We highlight two key points. First, most research on food addiction comes from Western countries, yet childhood obesity is rising quickly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in Southeast Asia. Cultural differences in food habits, family roles, and emotional expression may affect how food addiction appears and should be studied. Second, tools like the Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children (YFAS-C) must be carefully adapted and validated for different cultures—not just translated. We also suggest using digital tools, like apps and games, to support treatment, but these should be designed ethically and tested properly. We call for global research partnerships and culturally sensitive approaches to better understand and address food addiction in children worldwide</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 273-274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.009
Line Barner Dalgaard , Line Thams , Jon Skovgaard Jensen , Astrid Ank Jørgensen , Lene Ring Madsen , Andreas Breenfeldt Andersen , Kasper Degn Gejl , Hanne Christine Bertram , Mette Hansen
Background
Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at 20 years of age is associated with a reduction in life expectancy of 17.9 years. With an increasing prevalence of overweight among young people, we aimed to assess the prevalence of T2D and intermediate hyperglycaemia among young Danish women with overweight or obesity, who had not been previously diagnosed with T2D. Furthermore, we aimed to examine associations between markers of hyperglycaemia (glucose tolerance, fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR), body composition, physical fitness, and other lifestyle factors.
Methods
In this multicentre, cross-sectional study, we included 111 women aged 18–30 years with BMI> 25 kg/m2 who engaged in little or no regular physical activity. Participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and fasting blood samples were obtained and analysed for fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids. Other outcomes included measurements of anthropometry and body composition (DXA), physical activity level (PAL), physical fitness (Aastrand’s bike test), hand grip strength, and countermovement jump. Dietary intake was estimated through 4-day dietary records, and calcium intake was estimated through food frequency questionnaires.
Results
Among women (24 ± 3 years) with a BMI of 30.9 ± 4.8 kg·m-2, 19.8 % were classified with intermediate hyperglycaemia and 2.7 % with T2D, despite no previous diabetes diagnosis. Markers of hyperglycaemia were inversely associated with PAL and physical fitness and positively associated with BMI and fat mass.
Conclusion
In a cohort of young women with overweight or obesity, not previously diagnosed with T2D, every fifth exhibited intermediate hyperglycaemia, which was linked to low physical fitness and high BMI.
{"title":"Exploring the prevalence of hyperglycemia and the link to physical fitness in young Danish women with overweight – A cross-sectional study","authors":"Line Barner Dalgaard , Line Thams , Jon Skovgaard Jensen , Astrid Ank Jørgensen , Lene Ring Madsen , Andreas Breenfeldt Andersen , Kasper Degn Gejl , Hanne Christine Bertram , Mette Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at 20 years of age is associated with a reduction in life expectancy of 17.9 years. With an increasing prevalence of overweight among young people, we aimed to assess the prevalence of T2D and intermediate hyperglycaemia among young Danish women with overweight or obesity, who had not been previously diagnosed with T2D. Furthermore, we aimed to examine associations between markers of hyperglycaemia (glucose tolerance, fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR), body composition, physical fitness, and other lifestyle factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this multicentre, cross-sectional study, we included 111 women aged 18–30 years with BMI> 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> who engaged in little or no regular physical activity. Participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and fasting blood samples were obtained and analysed for fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids. Other outcomes included measurements of anthropometry and body composition (DXA), physical activity level (PAL), physical fitness (Aastrand’s bike test), hand grip strength, and countermovement jump. Dietary intake was estimated through 4-day dietary records, and calcium intake was estimated through food frequency questionnaires.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among women (24 ± 3 years) with a BMI of 30.9 ± 4.8 kg·m-2, 19.8 % were classified with intermediate hyperglycaemia and 2.7 % with T2D, despite no previous diabetes diagnosis. Markers of hyperglycaemia were inversely associated with PAL and physical fitness and positively associated with BMI and fat mass.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In a cohort of young women with overweight or obesity, not previously diagnosed with T2D, every fifth exhibited intermediate hyperglycaemia, which was linked to low physical fitness and high BMI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 232-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.004
Kun Zhu , Michael Hunter , John P. Walsh , Jennie Hui , Matthew Knuiman , Alan James , Siobhain Mulrennan
Background
Limited data are available on the association of body composition and lung function in middle-aged adults. We investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in participants of the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study.
Methods
At baseline (n = 4857, aged 46–70 years) and 6-year follow-up (n = 3436), body mass index (BMI), fat and lean mass index (FMI and LMI) and abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 % predicted) and forced vital capacity (FVC % predicted) were assessed. Relationships were examined using linear regression, adjusted for age, lifestyle factors and comorbidities.
Results
At baseline, the reduction in FEV1 % and FVC% for each additional 1 kg/m2 of FMI was twice greater than that of BMI (men: 1.5–1.9 vs 0.4–0.7; women: 1.0–1.2 vs 0.3–0.5); in contrast each additional 1 kg/m2 of LMI was associated with 1.3–1.6 units increment in FEV1 % and FVC%. In the longitudinal analysis, ∆FEV1 % and ∆FVC% per 1 kg/m2 increment in ∆FMI were −2.2 and −2.3 in men and −1.0 and −1.1 in women, in comparison with −1.8 and −1.9 in men and −0.8 and −0.9 in women for ∆BMI. The range of change in LMI over time was narrow, and ∆LMI had little impact on ∆FEV1 % and ∆FVC%. Higher baseline VAT and greater increase over time were associated with lower lung function, but not totally independent of FMI.
Conclusion
In middle-aged adults, increased fat mass is a driver for lung function deterioration, whereas higher baseline lean mass may have a protective effect.
{"title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of DXA-measured body composition with lung function in middle-aged Australians: The Busselton Healthy Ageing Study","authors":"Kun Zhu , Michael Hunter , John P. Walsh , Jennie Hui , Matthew Knuiman , Alan James , Siobhain Mulrennan","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Limited data are available on the association of body composition and lung function in middle-aged adults. We investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in participants of the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>At baseline (n = 4857, aged 46–70 years) and 6-year follow-up (n = 3436), body mass index (BMI), fat and lean mass index (FMI and LMI) and abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 % predicted) and forced vital capacity (FVC % predicted) were assessed. Relationships were examined using linear regression, adjusted for age, lifestyle factors and comorbidities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, the reduction in FEV1 % and FVC% for each additional 1 kg/m<sup>2</sup> of FMI was twice greater than that of BMI (men: 1.5–1.9 vs 0.4–0.7; women: 1.0–1.2 vs 0.3–0.5); in contrast each additional 1 kg/m<sup>2</sup> of LMI was associated with 1.3–1.6 units increment in FEV1 % and FVC%. In the longitudinal analysis, ∆FEV1 % and ∆FVC% per 1 kg/m<sup>2</sup> increment in ∆FMI were −2.2 and −2.3 in men and −1.0 and −1.1 in women, in comparison with −1.8 and −1.9 in men and −0.8 and −0.9 in women for ∆BMI. The range of change in LMI over time was narrow, and ∆LMI had little impact on ∆FEV1 % and ∆FVC%. Higher baseline VAT and greater increase over time were associated with lower lung function, but not totally independent of FMI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In middle-aged adults, increased fat mass is a driver for lung function deterioration, whereas higher baseline lean mass may have a protective effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.004
Yong Hee Hong , Hyun Wook Chae , Hae Sang Lee , Eungu Kang , Moon Bae Ahn , Da Hi Kang , Min Jee Kim , Young-Jun Rhie
Background
In South Korea, the prevalence of adolescents living with obesity (ALwO) is rising.
Objectives
To evaluate perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and obstacles to effective obesity care among ALwO, caregivers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in South Korea.
Methods
ACTION Teens (NCT05013359) was a multinational, cross-sectional survey conducted in 2021. Data from South Korean participants are reported (476 ALwO, 523 caregivers, 200 HCPs).
Results
Most ALwO/caregivers acknowledged that they/their ALwO had overweight, obesity or severe obesity (95 %/88 %, respectively) and were concerned about weight impacting their/their ALwO’s future health (94 %/91 %, respectively). The predominant information source on weight management for ALwO/caregivers was YouTube (62 %/35 %, respectively).
Most HCPs (87 %) indicated obesity had a strong impact on overall health; fewer ALwO (70 %) and caregivers (62 %) provided the same responses. ALwO recognized the societal challenges associated with overweight/obesity (versus healthy weight), with 50 %, 37 %, and 36 % reporting that overweight/obesity makes it harder to get a job, make friends, and perform well at school, respectively (compared with 41 %, 28 %, and 26 % of caregivers). A higher proportion of ALwO (80 %) than caregivers (45 %) thought weight loss was completely the ALwO's responsibility. While 82 % of ALwO reported they had made a recent weight-loss attempt, only 60 % of caregivers reported that their ALwO had made a recent weight-loss attempt; HCPs thought that, on average, 35 % of their ALwO patients had attempted to lose weight.
Conclusions
Disparities in respondents’ perceptions and attitudes toward obesity underscore the need for enhanced communication and increased understanding of obesity to improve healthcare strategies for South Korean ALwO.
{"title":"ACTION Teens: Perceptions and attitudes towards obesity among adolescents living with obesity, caregivers and healthcare professionals in South Korea","authors":"Yong Hee Hong , Hyun Wook Chae , Hae Sang Lee , Eungu Kang , Moon Bae Ahn , Da Hi Kang , Min Jee Kim , Young-Jun Rhie","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In South Korea, the prevalence of adolescents living with obesity (ALwO) is rising.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and obstacles to effective obesity care among ALwO, caregivers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in South Korea.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ACTION Teens (NCT05013359) was a multinational, cross-sectional survey conducted in 2021. Data from South Korean participants are reported (476 ALwO, 523 caregivers, 200 HCPs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most ALwO/caregivers acknowledged that they/their ALwO had overweight, obesity or severe obesity (95 %/88 %, respectively) and were concerned about weight impacting their/their ALwO’s future health (94 %/91 %, respectively). The predominant information source on weight management for ALwO/caregivers was YouTube (62 %/35 %, respectively).</div><div>Most HCPs (87 %) indicated obesity had a strong impact on overall health; fewer ALwO (70 %) and caregivers (62 %) provided the same responses. ALwO recognized the societal challenges associated with overweight/obesity (versus healthy weight), with 50 %, 37 %, and 36 % reporting that overweight/obesity makes it harder to get a job, make friends, and perform well at school, respectively (compared with 41 %, 28 %, and 26 % of caregivers). A higher proportion of ALwO (80 %) than caregivers (45 %) thought weight loss was completely the ALwO's responsibility. While 82 % of ALwO reported they had made a recent weight-loss attempt, only 60 % of caregivers reported that their ALwO had made a recent weight-loss attempt; HCPs thought that, on average, 35 % of their ALwO patients had attempted to lose weight.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Disparities in respondents’ perceptions and attitudes toward obesity underscore the need for enhanced communication and increased understanding of obesity to improve healthcare strategies for South Korean ALwO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 261-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.005
Mariana D.S. Testa , Renato Nisihara , Alessandro F. Tonial , Paulo A. Nunes Nassif , Thelma Skare
C5a, a key complement pathway component, is produced in adipose tissue and promotes inflammation linked to atherosclerosis. It also influences lipid and glucose metabolism, suggesting a role in obesity-related dysfunction. This study measured by ELISA serum C5a levels in individuals with obesity before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Pre-surgery, the median C5a level was 12.0 ng/mL (IQR: 7.0–18.0); post-surgery, it dropped to 6.3 ng/mL (IQR: 4.4–8.9; p = 0.0002). However, no significant correlations were found between C5a changes and lipid or glycemic profiles.
{"title":"Impact of bariatric surgery on serum C5a levels: A prospective study","authors":"Mariana D.S. Testa , Renato Nisihara , Alessandro F. Tonial , Paulo A. Nunes Nassif , Thelma Skare","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C5a, a key complement pathway component, is produced in adipose tissue and promotes inflammation linked to atherosclerosis. It also influences lipid and glucose metabolism, suggesting a role in obesity-related dysfunction. This study measured by ELISA serum C5a levels in individuals with obesity before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Pre-surgery, the median C5a level was 12.0 ng/mL (IQR: 7.0–18.0); post-surgery, it dropped to 6.3 ng/mL (IQR: 4.4–8.9; p = 0.0002). However, no significant correlations were found between C5a changes and lipid or glycemic profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 270-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.001
Tsung-Po Chen , Hsiang-Han Kao , Wataru Ogawa , Hidenoi Arai , Dicky Levenus Tahapary , Prasert Assantachai , Kwang-Wei Tham , Ding-Cheng Chan , Michele Mae-Ann Yuen , Geeta Appannah , Mia Fojas , Timothy Gill , Meng-Chih Lee , Banshi Saboo , Cheng-Chieh Lin , Kyoung-Kon Kim , Wen-Yuan Lin
Objective
The aim of this study was to develop consensus definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity tailored to Asia-Oceania populations, a condition characterized by reduced skeletal muscle mass and function with excess adipose tissue.
Methods
Experts from various fields formed a working group under the Asia–Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity (AOASO) and the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics Asia/Oceania Region (IAGG-AOR). The group convened four meetings, employing the Delphi technique to achieve consensus on diagnostic criteria and management strategies for sarcopenic obesity.
Results
The consensus defines sarcopenic obesity with a 3-step algorithm, including screening, diagnosis, and intervention. The screening criteria included BMI and waist circumference for obesity and calf circumference, the SARC-F, and the Finger Ring test for sarcopenia. The diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia include assessments of muscle mass (using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscle strength (handgrip strength), and physical performance (gait speed, Short Physical Performance Battery, or the 5-Times Sit-to-Stand Test). Central obesity is the main concern for the diagnosis of obesity. The working group recommends a combination of dietary consultations, increased physical activity, resistance training, and the potential use of oral nutritional supplements and medications for managing sarcopenic obesity. The primary objective is to increase skeletal muscle mass and reduce adipose tissue mass.
Conclusions
The established criteria facilitate early recognition and management of sarcopenic obesity, highlighting the need for tailored interventions. Future research should focus on the long-term outcomes of these interventions and the development of pharmacological treatments.
{"title":"The Asia–Oceania consensus: Definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity","authors":"Tsung-Po Chen , Hsiang-Han Kao , Wataru Ogawa , Hidenoi Arai , Dicky Levenus Tahapary , Prasert Assantachai , Kwang-Wei Tham , Ding-Cheng Chan , Michele Mae-Ann Yuen , Geeta Appannah , Mia Fojas , Timothy Gill , Meng-Chih Lee , Banshi Saboo , Cheng-Chieh Lin , Kyoung-Kon Kim , Wen-Yuan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to develop consensus definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity tailored to Asia-Oceania populations, a condition characterized by reduced skeletal muscle mass and function with excess adipose tissue.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Experts from various fields formed a working group under the Asia–Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity (AOASO) and the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics Asia/Oceania Region (IAGG-AOR). The group convened four meetings, employing the Delphi technique to achieve consensus on diagnostic criteria and management strategies for sarcopenic obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The consensus defines sarcopenic obesity with a 3-step algorithm, including screening, diagnosis, and intervention. The screening criteria included BMI and waist circumference for obesity and calf circumference, the SARC-F, and the Finger Ring test for sarcopenia. The diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia include assessments of muscle mass (using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscle strength (handgrip strength), and physical performance (gait speed, Short Physical Performance Battery, or the 5-Times Sit-to-Stand Test). Central obesity is the main concern for the diagnosis of obesity. The working group recommends a combination of dietary consultations, increased physical activity, resistance training, and the potential use of oral nutritional supplements and medications for managing sarcopenic obesity. The primary objective is to increase skeletal muscle mass and reduce adipose tissue mass.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The established criteria facilitate early recognition and management of sarcopenic obesity, highlighting the need for tailored interventions. Future research should focus on the long-term outcomes of these interventions and the development of pharmacological treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.008
Aila J. Ahola, Mikko S. Venäläinen, Anu Joki, Laura-Unnukka Suojanen, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen
We compared weight loss and changes in healthcare utilization, physical activity, and physical and mental components of health-related quality of life (HRQoL, RAND-36) in a 12-month digital program before and during COVID-19. Participants (n = 116/cohort) were age-, sex-, BMI-matched. The sample was predominantly female (86.2 %), median age 53 years, BMI 38.5 kg/m2. Both groups achieved significant 12-month weight loss (pre-COVID: 5.1 % [SE 0.6 %]; COVID: 4.7 % [SE 0.6 %]) with no significant differences. Reduced healthcare visits, increased physical activity, and improved physical HRQoL occurred in both groups. The program was equally effective in both eras for weight loss, healthcare use, physical activity, and physical HRQoL.
{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on weight loss in the digital Healthy Weight Coaching program","authors":"Aila J. Ahola, Mikko S. Venäläinen, Anu Joki, Laura-Unnukka Suojanen, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We compared weight loss and changes in healthcare utilization, physical activity, and physical and mental components of health-related quality of life (HRQoL, RAND-36) in a 12-month digital program before and during COVID-19. Participants (n = 116/cohort) were age-, sex-, BMI-matched. The sample was predominantly female (86.2 %), median age 53 years, BMI 38.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Both groups achieved significant 12-month weight loss (pre-COVID: 5.1 % [SE 0.6 %]; COVID: 4.7 % [SE 0.6 %]) with no significant differences. Reduced healthcare visits, increased physical activity, and improved physical HRQoL occurred in both groups. The program was equally effective in both eras for weight loss, healthcare use, physical activity, and physical HRQoL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 3","pages":"Pages 275-278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.02.007
Damian Craiem , Juan Moukarzel , Mariano E. Casciaro , Valentina Stipechi , Eduardo Guevara
Background
The association between valvular heart disease and obesity is poorly documented. The present study evaluated the prevalence and worsening over time of valvular regurgitation by obesity category.
Methods
This cohort study included 11385 patients who underwent two echocardiographic examinations at least 1 year apart. Mitral, tricuspid, and aortic regurgitation were graded at the first and last visits. Regurgitation worsening was defined as those going from non/trace to moderate/severe or from moderate to severe. Frequency and worsening of regurgitant valvular heart disease were evaluated across body mass index (BMI) categories and adjusted for age, sex, follow-up time, and significant regurgitation at first exam.
Results
Patients aged 63 ± 15 years old at the last visit (43 % women, 29 % with obesity, median follow-up time of 3 years [interquartile range 2–6]). Valve regurgitation was more common in patients without obesity than in those with obesity across all age groups. The prevalence of mitral, tricuspid and aortic valve regurgitations at the last visit diminished for increased BMI categories: 24 %, 19 %, 16 % and 14 % for patients with normal weight, overweight, obesity and severe obesity, respectively (p < 0.001). The regurgitation worsening observed in any valve followed a similar trend: 14 %, 11 %, 9 % and 8 %, respectively (p < 0.001). These inverse associations with BMI remained significant after adjustments for cofactors.
Conclusions
Obesity was associated with lower valvular regurgitation prevalence and worsening that persisted in the mitral and tricuspid valves after adjusting for confounders and excluding patients changing weight over time, suggesting the existence of an obesity paradox in valvular heart diseases.
{"title":"Association between obesity and prevalence of significant regurgitant valvular heart disease over time: A cohort study","authors":"Damian Craiem , Juan Moukarzel , Mariano E. Casciaro , Valentina Stipechi , Eduardo Guevara","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The association between valvular heart disease and obesity is poorly documented. The present study evaluated the prevalence and worsening over time of valvular regurgitation by obesity category.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cohort study included 11385 patients who underwent two echocardiographic examinations at least 1 year apart. Mitral, tricuspid, and aortic regurgitation were graded at the first and last visits. Regurgitation worsening was defined as those going from non/trace to moderate/severe or from moderate to severe. Frequency and worsening of regurgitant valvular heart disease were evaluated across body mass index (BMI) categories and adjusted for age, sex, follow-up time, and significant regurgitation at first exam.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients aged 63 ± 15 years old at the last visit (43 % women, 29 % with obesity, median follow-up time of 3 years [interquartile range 2–6]). Valve regurgitation was more common in patients without obesity than in those with obesity across all age groups. The prevalence of mitral, tricuspid and aortic valve regurgitations at the last visit diminished for increased BMI categories: 24 %, 19 %, 16 % and 14 % for patients with normal weight, overweight, obesity and severe obesity, respectively (p < 0.001). The regurgitation worsening observed in any valve followed a similar trend: 14 %, 11 %, 9 % and 8 %, respectively (p < 0.001). These inverse associations with BMI remained significant after adjustments for cofactors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Obesity was associated with lower valvular regurgitation prevalence and worsening that persisted in the mitral and tricuspid valves after adjusting for confounders and excluding patients changing weight over time, suggesting the existence of an obesity paradox in valvular heart diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 130-137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2025.03.004
Jônatas de Oliveira
The study by An et al. (2025) [1] investigated the association between food addiction (FA), obesity, and emotional and behavioral problems in Korean children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. While FA was linked to higher BMI, lower self-esteem, and increased emotional difficulties, critical methodological limitations challenge the clinical relevance of these findings. Cross-sectional designs require careful control of confounding variables, yet essential factors such as genetic predispositions, socioeconomic status, food environment, and family dynamics were not fully addressed. Additionally, behavioral traits like food neophobia, shown by Dos Anjos et al. (2021) [9] to influence unhealthy eating patterns in children, and neurodevelopmental conditions, such as ADHD and autism spectrum disorder, frequently co-occur with disordered eating behaviors and may confound FA classifications. Recent data from Nyholmer et al. (2024) [15] further highlight the overlap between restrictive eating profiles and psychiatric comorbidities, underscoring the need for comprehensive assessment. The study's lack of dietary pattern analysis, particularly concerning ultra-processed food intake, and absence of age-stratified reliability in dietary reporting limit its interpretability. Future research should integrate neurodevelopmental and psychiatric evaluations to clarify whether FA reflects a distinct clinical entity or broader emotional and behavioral dysregulation within pediatric obesity. Without this, the application of FA as an isolated construct remains questionable.
An et al. (2025) b[1]的研究调查了韩国超重或肥胖儿童和青少年中食物成瘾（FA）、肥胖以及情绪和行为问题之间的关系。虽然FA与较高的BMI、较低的自尊和增加的情绪困难有关，但关键的方法局限性挑战了这些发现的临床相关性。横断面设计需要仔细控制混杂变量，但遗传易感性、社会经济地位、食物环境和家庭动态等基本因素没有得到充分解决。此外，Dos Anjos等人（2021）的研究表明，新食物恐惧症等行为特征会影响儿童的不健康饮食模式，以及神经发育状况，如多动症和自闭症谱系障碍，经常与饮食行为失调同时发生，可能会混淆FA分类。Nyholmer等人（2024）的最新数据进一步强调了限制性饮食与精神合并症之间的重叠，强调了全面评估的必要性。该研究缺乏饮食模式分析，特别是关于超加工食品摄入的分析，以及饮食报告中缺乏年龄分层的可靠性，限制了其可解释性。未来的研究应该整合神经发育和精神病学评估，以澄清FA是否反映了儿童肥胖中独特的临床实体或更广泛的情绪和行为失调。没有这一点，FA作为一个孤立结构的应用仍然值得怀疑。
{"title":"Questioning the role of food addiction in pediatric obesity: Comment on An et al. (2025)","authors":"Jônatas de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study by An et al. (2025) [1] investigated the association between food addiction (FA), obesity, and emotional and behavioral problems in Korean children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. While FA was linked to higher BMI, lower self-esteem, and increased emotional difficulties, critical methodological limitations challenge the clinical relevance of these findings. Cross-sectional designs require careful control of confounding variables, yet essential factors such as genetic predispositions, socioeconomic status, food environment, and family dynamics were not fully addressed. Additionally, behavioral traits like food neophobia, shown by Dos Anjos et al. (2021) [9] to influence unhealthy eating patterns in children, and neurodevelopmental conditions, such as ADHD and autism spectrum disorder, frequently co-occur with disordered eating behaviors and may confound FA classifications. Recent data from Nyholmer et al. (2024) [15] further highlight the overlap between restrictive eating profiles and psychiatric comorbidities, underscoring the need for comprehensive assessment. The study's lack of dietary pattern analysis, particularly concerning ultra-processed food intake, and absence of age-stratified reliability in dietary reporting limit its interpretability. Future research should integrate neurodevelopmental and psychiatric evaluations to clarify whether FA reflects a distinct clinical entity or broader emotional and behavioral dysregulation within pediatric obesity. Without this, the application of FA as an isolated construct remains questionable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 181-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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