Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been associated with multiple opportunistic infections, including secondary cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. Several cases of CMV syndrome and invasive CMV infection have been reported following severe COVID-19 infection worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. A case-control study conducted in India showed that during the first and second waves, CMV was the most common co-infection among fatal cases of severe COVID-19 lung infection in Indian renal transplant recipients. Case Presentation: We present 2 cases of CMV disease in postrenal transplant patients who developed clinical manifestations of CMV co-infection after mild COVID-19 infection during the fourth wave of COVID-19 infection in India. In both cases, CMV infection was treated by discontinuing mycophenolate mofetil and administering ganciclovir injections. However, the treatment resulted in 2 contrasting clinical outcomes: cure and death. Conclusions: We reviewed the recent literature on the increased incidence of CMV reactivation after both COVID-19 infection and vaccination in immunocompetent and immunocompromised populations. Subsequently, we discussed some clinical questions relevant to the population of postrenal transplant recipients after the detection of mild COVID-19 infection.
{"title":"Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Postrenal Transplant Patients Immediately in Association with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection: A Case Report of 2 Patients and a Brief Review of the Literature","authors":"Charan Bale, Debapriya Saha, Nilesh Shinde, Pavan Wakhare, Atul Sajgure, Tushar Dighe","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-138647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-138647","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been associated with multiple opportunistic infections, including secondary cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. Several cases of CMV syndrome and invasive CMV infection have been reported following severe COVID-19 infection worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. A case-control study conducted in India showed that during the first and second waves, CMV was the most common co-infection among fatal cases of severe COVID-19 lung infection in Indian renal transplant recipients. Case Presentation: We present 2 cases of CMV disease in postrenal transplant patients who developed clinical manifestations of CMV co-infection after mild COVID-19 infection during the fourth wave of COVID-19 infection in India. In both cases, CMV infection was treated by discontinuing mycophenolate mofetil and administering ganciclovir injections. However, the treatment resulted in 2 contrasting clinical outcomes: cure and death. Conclusions: We reviewed the recent literature on the increased incidence of CMV reactivation after both COVID-19 infection and vaccination in immunocompetent and immunocompromised populations. Subsequently, we discussed some clinical questions relevant to the population of postrenal transplant recipients after the detection of mild COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Voiding dysfunction in children involves various urinary symptoms and is often distressing. Tantrums, emotional outbursts typically seen in early childhood, may have an underlying relationship with urinary disorders. Existing research lacks evidence linking these two conditions. Therefore, we conducted the present study. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the potential link between tantrums and voiding dysfunction in children over 4 years old and to analyze the effects of individual tantrum symptoms on voiding dysfunction. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 96 children visiting Amir Kabir Hospital in Arak, Iran. The case group (n = 48) consisted of children with voiding dysfunction, and the control group (n = 48) included healthy children. The existence of tantrums was determined using the Parents' Experience of Temper Tantrums in Children questionnaire. Results: Tantrums were significantly more common in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.004). Only the presence of screaming (P = 0.016) and throwing things (P = 0.022) showed significant associations with voiding dysfunction. Conclusions: This study revealed a significant connection between voiding dysfunction and tantrums in children. Specific tantrum symptoms, such as screaming and throwing things, were found to be associated with voiding dysfunction. The findings emphasize a need for an integrated approach in pediatric care to address both urinary and behavioral aspects.
{"title":"Connection Between Tantrums and Voiding Dysfunction in Children: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Zahra Mohamadi, Fakhreddin Shariatmadari, Farideh Ranjbaran, Parsa Yousefichaijan, Pegah Mohaghegh, Mohammadreza Rezaie, Salehesadat Hosseini, Amin Tajerian","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-139640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-139640","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Voiding dysfunction in children involves various urinary symptoms and is often distressing. Tantrums, emotional outbursts typically seen in early childhood, may have an underlying relationship with urinary disorders. Existing research lacks evidence linking these two conditions. Therefore, we conducted the present study. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the potential link between tantrums and voiding dysfunction in children over 4 years old and to analyze the effects of individual tantrum symptoms on voiding dysfunction. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 96 children visiting Amir Kabir Hospital in Arak, Iran. The case group (n = 48) consisted of children with voiding dysfunction, and the control group (n = 48) included healthy children. The existence of tantrums was determined using the Parents' Experience of Temper Tantrums in Children questionnaire. Results: Tantrums were significantly more common in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.004). Only the presence of screaming (P = 0.016) and throwing things (P = 0.022) showed significant associations with voiding dysfunction. Conclusions: This study revealed a significant connection between voiding dysfunction and tantrums in children. Specific tantrum symptoms, such as screaming and throwing things, were found to be associated with voiding dysfunction. The findings emphasize a need for an integrated approach in pediatric care to address both urinary and behavioral aspects.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-139443
Mahdi Moradi Goudarzi, Vahid Falahati, Parsa Yousefichaijan, Amin Tajerian
Background: Acute kidney injury and proximal tubulopathy, resulting from Deferasirox administration, contribute significantly to acquired kidney failure. The role of antioxidants in preventing acute kidney injury remains inconclusive. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of vitamin E in preventing acute kidney injury and proximal tubulopathy in thalassemia major patients undergoing treatment with Deferasirox (Nanojade). Methods: This study employed a randomized controlled trial conducted at the thalassemia center of Amirkabir Hospital in Arak, Iran. Sixty patients with thalassemia major receiving Nanojade at 20 mg/kg were included. The vitamin E group (n = 30) received a daily dose of 400 IU for a month, while the control group (n = 30) did not receive any vitamin E. The primary outcome measure was Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), defined as a greater than 50% increase in serum creatinine levels after seven days of Deferasirox administration. Additionally, proximal tubulopathy was assessed using serum phosphate (P), Venous Blood Gas (VBG), and urinalysis (U/A) after one month. Also, the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) were compared between the two groups. Results: No AKI or proximal tubulopathy occurrences were observed in either group, thus limiting the investigation into the preventive effect of vitamin E in these conditions. However, several noteworthy findings emerged from our analysis. Regarding GFR and blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr), there was no significant difference between the vitamin E and control groups after one month (P = 0.985 and P = 0.063, respectively). The increase in serum creatinine levels during the first week was significantly lower in the vitamin E group than in the control group (P = 0.019). However, there was no difference after one month (P = 0.984). Notably, the vitamin E group exhibited a significantly lower decrease in serum bicarbonate (HCO3) and pH after a month (P = 0.013 and P = 0.003, respectively). The two groups had no significant differences regarding serum phosphate reduction (P = 0.391). Conclusions: Administering vitamin E for one week effectively prevents an increase in serum creatinine levels and prevents the decrease of Deferasirox-induced PH and HCO3 in thalassemia patients. However, it does not significantly affect the GFR.
{"title":"Efficacy of Vitamin E on Renal Function and Preventing Proximal Tubulopathy Caused by Iron Chelation Therapy in Thalassemia Major Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"Mahdi Moradi Goudarzi, Vahid Falahati, Parsa Yousefichaijan, Amin Tajerian","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-139443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-139443","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute kidney injury and proximal tubulopathy, resulting from Deferasirox administration, contribute significantly to acquired kidney failure. The role of antioxidants in preventing acute kidney injury remains inconclusive. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of vitamin E in preventing acute kidney injury and proximal tubulopathy in thalassemia major patients undergoing treatment with Deferasirox (Nanojade). Methods: This study employed a randomized controlled trial conducted at the thalassemia center of Amirkabir Hospital in Arak, Iran. Sixty patients with thalassemia major receiving Nanojade at 20 mg/kg were included. The vitamin E group (n = 30) received a daily dose of 400 IU for a month, while the control group (n = 30) did not receive any vitamin E. The primary outcome measure was Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), defined as a greater than 50% increase in serum creatinine levels after seven days of Deferasirox administration. Additionally, proximal tubulopathy was assessed using serum phosphate (P), Venous Blood Gas (VBG), and urinalysis (U/A) after one month. Also, the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) were compared between the two groups. Results: No AKI or proximal tubulopathy occurrences were observed in either group, thus limiting the investigation into the preventive effect of vitamin E in these conditions. However, several noteworthy findings emerged from our analysis. Regarding GFR and blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr), there was no significant difference between the vitamin E and control groups after one month (P = 0.985 and P = 0.063, respectively). The increase in serum creatinine levels during the first week was significantly lower in the vitamin E group than in the control group (P = 0.019). However, there was no difference after one month (P = 0.984). Notably, the vitamin E group exhibited a significantly lower decrease in serum bicarbonate (HCO3) and pH after a month (P = 0.013 and P = 0.003, respectively). The two groups had no significant differences regarding serum phosphate reduction (P = 0.391). Conclusions: Administering vitamin E for one week effectively prevents an increase in serum creatinine levels and prevents the decrease of Deferasirox-induced PH and HCO3 in thalassemia patients. However, it does not significantly affect the GFR.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-136753
Loan Do Thi Thanh, Quyen Dao Bui Quy, Huong Pham Thu, Kien Nguyen Trung, Dung Nguyen Huu, Huong Nguyen Thu, Huong Nguyen Thi Mai, Ngoc Nhu Nguyen Thi, Ha Le Thu, Thang Le Viet
Background: Kidney injury (KI) is one of the complications of β-thalassemia patients. Objectives: To determine the rate of KI and its relationship with plasma ferritin and CRP-hs in β-thalassemia patients. Methods: A total of 142 patients diagnosed with β-thalassemia (58.5% minor, 17.6% intermedia, and 23.9% major) were included in our study. In all patients, we measured plasma ferritin, CRP-hs, urine albumin, and serum creatinine and calculated the urine albumin to creatinine ratio (uACR). Based on uACR, we divided the patients into 2 groups: with KI (n = 19, uACR ≥ 3.0 mg/mmol) and without KI (n = 123, uACR < 0.3 mg/mmol). Results: The ratio of KI in β-thalassemia patients was 13.4%. The median concentrations of plasma ferritin and CRP-hs in the KI group were significantly higher than in the non-KI group (P < 0.001). Plasma ferritin and CRP-hs were independent risk factors for KI (P < 0.001). At a cut-off value of 2.35 mg/L, plasma CRP-hs had a predictive value for KI (AUC = 0.841, P < 0.001). Similarly, plasma ferritin at the cut-off value of 2394.95 µg/L showed a predictive value for KI (AUC = 0.789, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The rate of KI was low in adult patients with β-thalassemia. Plasma ferritin and CRP-hs had a good predictive value for KI in β-thalassemia patients.
{"title":"Plasma CRP-hs and Ferritin Concentration Related to Kidney Injury in Adult Patients with Beta-Thalassemia: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam","authors":"Loan Do Thi Thanh, Quyen Dao Bui Quy, Huong Pham Thu, Kien Nguyen Trung, Dung Nguyen Huu, Huong Nguyen Thu, Huong Nguyen Thi Mai, Ngoc Nhu Nguyen Thi, Ha Le Thu, Thang Le Viet","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-136753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-136753","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kidney injury (KI) is one of the complications of β-thalassemia patients. Objectives: To determine the rate of KI and its relationship with plasma ferritin and CRP-hs in β-thalassemia patients. Methods: A total of 142 patients diagnosed with β-thalassemia (58.5% minor, 17.6% intermedia, and 23.9% major) were included in our study. In all patients, we measured plasma ferritin, CRP-hs, urine albumin, and serum creatinine and calculated the urine albumin to creatinine ratio (uACR). Based on uACR, we divided the patients into 2 groups: with KI (n = 19, uACR ≥ 3.0 mg/mmol) and without KI (n = 123, uACR < 0.3 mg/mmol). Results: The ratio of KI in β-thalassemia patients was 13.4%. The median concentrations of plasma ferritin and CRP-hs in the KI group were significantly higher than in the non-KI group (P < 0.001). Plasma ferritin and CRP-hs were independent risk factors for KI (P < 0.001). At a cut-off value of 2.35 mg/L, plasma CRP-hs had a predictive value for KI (AUC = 0.841, P < 0.001). Similarly, plasma ferritin at the cut-off value of 2394.95 µg/L showed a predictive value for KI (AUC = 0.789, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The rate of KI was low in adult patients with β-thalassemia. Plasma ferritin and CRP-hs had a good predictive value for KI in β-thalassemia patients.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44432924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-133856
Parisa Khosravi, A. Karimi Rouzbahani, Behzad Yousefi Yeganeh, Maryam Sabzian, Golnaz Mahmoudvand, Fatemeh Yari
Background: The DNA fragmentation index (DFI) is an essential marker in evaluating male fertility. Lifestyle is supposed to have a remarkable effect on enhancing this index and, subsequently, male fertility. Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between lifestyle habits and sperm DFI in infertile men admitted to Shahid Rahimi and Shohada-ye Ashayer hospitals in Khorramabad, Iran, from 2020 to 2021. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 222 infertile men. The samples were divided into three groups based on their sperm DFI: < 15%, 15 - 30%, and < 30%. In each group, alcohol consumption, smoking, age, and body mass index (BMI) were compared. The analysis was performed by SPSS software (version 22) using the chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: The mean age of patients was 37.45 ± 5.99 years. The DFI was < 15%, 15 - 30%, and 30% < in 119 (53.6%), 69 (31.1%), and 34 (15.3%) individuals, respectively. The mean age in the DFI groups of less than 15%, 15 - 30%, and more than 30% was 35.88, 38.17, and 41.52 years, respectively. The analysis showed a significant difference in the mean age of the three groups (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, and BMI with DFI (P > 0.05). Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between lifestyle factors and DFI. However, large-scale studies are required to evaluate the role of these factors, as if their role in infertility is proven, lifestyle modification might be a potential method for managing infertility.
{"title":"Association Between Demographic Characteristics and Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index in Infertile Men","authors":"Parisa Khosravi, A. Karimi Rouzbahani, Behzad Yousefi Yeganeh, Maryam Sabzian, Golnaz Mahmoudvand, Fatemeh Yari","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-133856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-133856","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The DNA fragmentation index (DFI) is an essential marker in evaluating male fertility. Lifestyle is supposed to have a remarkable effect on enhancing this index and, subsequently, male fertility. Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between lifestyle habits and sperm DFI in infertile men admitted to Shahid Rahimi and Shohada-ye Ashayer hospitals in Khorramabad, Iran, from 2020 to 2021. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 222 infertile men. The samples were divided into three groups based on their sperm DFI: < 15%, 15 - 30%, and < 30%. In each group, alcohol consumption, smoking, age, and body mass index (BMI) were compared. The analysis was performed by SPSS software (version 22) using the chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: The mean age of patients was 37.45 ± 5.99 years. The DFI was < 15%, 15 - 30%, and 30% < in 119 (53.6%), 69 (31.1%), and 34 (15.3%) individuals, respectively. The mean age in the DFI groups of less than 15%, 15 - 30%, and more than 30% was 35.88, 38.17, and 41.52 years, respectively. The analysis showed a significant difference in the mean age of the three groups (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, and BMI with DFI (P > 0.05). Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between lifestyle factors and DFI. However, large-scale studies are required to evaluate the role of these factors, as if their role in infertility is proven, lifestyle modification might be a potential method for managing infertility.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44824815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-135572
Ahsan Ahmad, MD Zaid Imbista, Khalid Mahmood, R. Tiwari, B. Kumar
Background: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) has a role in the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of bladder cancer, which is traditionally conducted through monopolar electrocautery; however, bipolar electrocautery has gained attention these days. Cautery artifacts are known as the drawbacks of TURBT and can be seen in both monopolar and bipolar electrocautery but with varying severity. Studies comparing bipolar to monopolar TURBT have shown conflicting results. Objectives: This study was carried out to compare the occurrence of cautery artifacts and a number of important clinical outcomes between patients undergoing monopolar and bipolar electrocautery during TURBT. Methods: This prospective study included adult patients with age 18 years old or higher diagnosed with primary bladder tumors with a size ≤4 cm. The patients were randomized into monopolar and bipolar groups (34 patients per group). The occurrence of cautery artifacts, duration of surgery, the incidence of urinary bladder perforation, fall in hemoglobin, need for blood transfusion, transurethral resection syndrome, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Results: In our study, the incidence of cautery artifacts was significantly lower in the bipolar group than in the monopolar group (P-value < 0.0001). The two groups were comparable in terms of the duration of surgery, urinary bladder perforation, fall in hemoglobin, need for blood transfusion, transurethral resection syndrome, and postoperative hospital stay. Conclusions: Bipolar TURBT is superior to monopolar TURBT regarding a reduction in the incidence of cautery artifacts.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Monopolar and Bipolar Electrocautery in Transurethral Resection of Urinary Bladder Tumors","authors":"Ahsan Ahmad, MD Zaid Imbista, Khalid Mahmood, R. Tiwari, B. Kumar","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-135572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-135572","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) has a role in the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of bladder cancer, which is traditionally conducted through monopolar electrocautery; however, bipolar electrocautery has gained attention these days. Cautery artifacts are known as the drawbacks of TURBT and can be seen in both monopolar and bipolar electrocautery but with varying severity. Studies comparing bipolar to monopolar TURBT have shown conflicting results. Objectives: This study was carried out to compare the occurrence of cautery artifacts and a number of important clinical outcomes between patients undergoing monopolar and bipolar electrocautery during TURBT. Methods: This prospective study included adult patients with age 18 years old or higher diagnosed with primary bladder tumors with a size ≤4 cm. The patients were randomized into monopolar and bipolar groups (34 patients per group). The occurrence of cautery artifacts, duration of surgery, the incidence of urinary bladder perforation, fall in hemoglobin, need for blood transfusion, transurethral resection syndrome, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Results: In our study, the incidence of cautery artifacts was significantly lower in the bipolar group than in the monopolar group (P-value < 0.0001). The two groups were comparable in terms of the duration of surgery, urinary bladder perforation, fall in hemoglobin, need for blood transfusion, transurethral resection syndrome, and postoperative hospital stay. Conclusions: Bipolar TURBT is superior to monopolar TURBT regarding a reduction in the incidence of cautery artifacts.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43130082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-137474
Saman Farshid, Mohammadreza Tayyeb Ghasemi, Mansour Alizadeh
Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is one of the five interventions offered to patients with renal stones. Objectives: This study compared the effects of previous therapeutic interventions for renal stones on subsequent PCNL regarding success rate and complications. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the data from 375 patients who had undergone PCNL were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were categorized into four groups based on their previous therapeutic interventions as no history of open renal stone surgery (n = 196), PCNL (n = 64), extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) (n = 88), and open surgery (n = 27). We compared surgery duration, the surgical procedure's success rate, complications, as well as the site and size of the stone between the groups. Results: The mean operation duration was significantly longer in the fourth group (61.66 ± 19.85), while there were no statistically significant differences in surgery duration between other groups (P = 0.88). The mean hospital stay, stone size, and site were also similar between the groups. All groups had a high number of pelvic stones, and the rate of upper calyceal stones was higher than middle calyceal and ureteral stones in all groups. Access time was higher in groups one and four, but no significant difference was observed (P = 0.31). Grade 1 and 2 complications were frequent among the patients. The overall immediate success rate was high in all groups. Conclusions: The present study indicates that patients with a history of open surgery for kidney-related conditions may have higher blood loss and longer surgery duration, likely due to anatomical and histological changes in the kidney.
{"title":"Comparison of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Success Rate and Complications in Patients with a History of Different Therapeutic Interventions for Kidney Stone","authors":"Saman Farshid, Mohammadreza Tayyeb Ghasemi, Mansour Alizadeh","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-137474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-137474","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is one of the five interventions offered to patients with renal stones. Objectives: This study compared the effects of previous therapeutic interventions for renal stones on subsequent PCNL regarding success rate and complications. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the data from 375 patients who had undergone PCNL were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were categorized into four groups based on their previous therapeutic interventions as no history of open renal stone surgery (n = 196), PCNL (n = 64), extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) (n = 88), and open surgery (n = 27). We compared surgery duration, the surgical procedure's success rate, complications, as well as the site and size of the stone between the groups. Results: The mean operation duration was significantly longer in the fourth group (61.66 ± 19.85), while there were no statistically significant differences in surgery duration between other groups (P = 0.88). The mean hospital stay, stone size, and site were also similar between the groups. All groups had a high number of pelvic stones, and the rate of upper calyceal stones was higher than middle calyceal and ureteral stones in all groups. Access time was higher in groups one and four, but no significant difference was observed (P = 0.31). Grade 1 and 2 complications were frequent among the patients. The overall immediate success rate was high in all groups. Conclusions: The present study indicates that patients with a history of open surgery for kidney-related conditions may have higher blood loss and longer surgery duration, likely due to anatomical and histological changes in the kidney.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135793841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-05DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-137778
Seyed Amir Miratashi Yazdi, Farnoosh Asghari, Hedieh Moradi Tabriz, Behnoud Vesali, E. Nazar
Background: It has been shown that some cancers express the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Several variables influence bladder cancer prognosis, including stage, grade, and gene expression. Objectives: We used immunohistochemistry to measure the prevalence and prognostic significance of EGFR expression in bladder tumors in our population. Methods: Thirty bladder tumors were the subjects of this cross-sectional study. To evaluate the biological behavior of the tumors, histopathological analysis was performed. We carried out EGFR immunohistochemical staining to evaluate gene expression. Results: EGFR was expressed in 25 (83.3%) patients. Expression of this biomarker was independent of tumor characteristics such as lymphatic invasion, muscle invasion, and tumor grade and stage (P value > 0.05). Conclusions: Remembering each patient's tumor characteristics determine that prognosis is crucial. The prognostic value of EGFR expression in predicting aggressive behavior in bladder tumors is marginal, but it is necessary to evaluate therapeutic response.
{"title":"The Value of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Predicting Aggressive Behaviors of Bladder Neoplasms","authors":"Seyed Amir Miratashi Yazdi, Farnoosh Asghari, Hedieh Moradi Tabriz, Behnoud Vesali, E. Nazar","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-137778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-137778","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It has been shown that some cancers express the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Several variables influence bladder cancer prognosis, including stage, grade, and gene expression. Objectives: We used immunohistochemistry to measure the prevalence and prognostic significance of EGFR expression in bladder tumors in our population. Methods: Thirty bladder tumors were the subjects of this cross-sectional study. To evaluate the biological behavior of the tumors, histopathological analysis was performed. We carried out EGFR immunohistochemical staining to evaluate gene expression. Results: EGFR was expressed in 25 (83.3%) patients. Expression of this biomarker was independent of tumor characteristics such as lymphatic invasion, muscle invasion, and tumor grade and stage (P value > 0.05). Conclusions: Remembering each patient's tumor characteristics determine that prognosis is crucial. The prognostic value of EGFR expression in predicting aggressive behavior in bladder tumors is marginal, but it is necessary to evaluate therapeutic response.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44080530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-16DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-136211
M. Emami, M. Abolhasani, Yasin Zakeri, B. Shakiba, A. Arefpour, S. Bagheri, Amir Reza Farashahian
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy (25% of all cancers) and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women; death is mainly attributed to the metastatic spread of the primary tumor. On the other hand, secondary tumors of the bladder are rare, representing 2% of all bladder neoplasms. Breast cancer rarely spreads to the urinary bladder. Patients in almost all previous reports have been diagnosed with BC several months before the bladder metastasis (BM) was discovered. Case Presentation: A 67-year-old woman presented with irritative bladder symptoms with no history suggestive of BC. Normal breast examination and normal laboratory investigations with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 1 (BI-RADS 1) in mammographic evaluation challenged the pathological findings of the bladder biopsy that was positive for metastatized BC to the bladder. Conclusions: Metastatic BC may rarely initially present with irritative lower urinary symptoms and absent clinical and radiological features of BC-but positive histopathological findings.
{"title":"Bladder Metastatic Breast Cancer Presenting Initially with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Rare Case Report","authors":"M. Emami, M. Abolhasani, Yasin Zakeri, B. Shakiba, A. Arefpour, S. Bagheri, Amir Reza Farashahian","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-136211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-136211","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy (25% of all cancers) and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women; death is mainly attributed to the metastatic spread of the primary tumor. On the other hand, secondary tumors of the bladder are rare, representing 2% of all bladder neoplasms. Breast cancer rarely spreads to the urinary bladder. Patients in almost all previous reports have been diagnosed with BC several months before the bladder metastasis (BM) was discovered. Case Presentation: A 67-year-old woman presented with irritative bladder symptoms with no history suggestive of BC. Normal breast examination and normal laboratory investigations with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 1 (BI-RADS 1) in mammographic evaluation challenged the pathological findings of the bladder biopsy that was positive for metastatized BC to the bladder. Conclusions: Metastatic BC may rarely initially present with irritative lower urinary symptoms and absent clinical and radiological features of BC-but positive histopathological findings.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45185635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.5812/numonthly-137503
Hamed Mohseni Rad
: Ischemia of the penis is not common due to its excellent collateral vessels. Our patient was an 89-year-old man with dementia without any vascular disease wearing a condom sheath because of urinary incontinence for many months. Lack of precise genitalia care resulted in strangulation of the penis and complete necrosis probably in 10 days. Following resuscitation, we performed a complete penectomy and urethrostomy. The patient has acceptable voiding from the penis remnant after 6 months. Penile condom sheaths in neglected old patients must be used cautiously; however, diaper appliances may be safer.
{"title":"Penile Necrosis Following Condom Sheath Improper Use: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Hamed Mohseni Rad","doi":"10.5812/numonthly-137503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/numonthly-137503","url":null,"abstract":": Ischemia of the penis is not common due to its excellent collateral vessels. Our patient was an 89-year-old man with dementia without any vascular disease wearing a condom sheath because of urinary incontinence for many months. Lack of precise genitalia care resulted in strangulation of the penis and complete necrosis probably in 10 days. Following resuscitation, we performed a complete penectomy and urethrostomy. The patient has acceptable voiding from the penis remnant after 6 months. Penile condom sheaths in neglected old patients must be used cautiously; however, diaper appliances may be safer.","PeriodicalId":19466,"journal":{"name":"Nephro-urology Monthly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47354579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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