Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai zasshi最新文献

Unlabelled: This study was designed to examine the expression of the prolactin receptor (PRL-R) gene in the human decidualized endometrium and to determine the localization of endometrial cells expressing the PRL-R gene.

Method: Decidua and trophoblast tissues of normal and ectopic pregnancy were obtained by curettage from patients undergoing artificial abortion at 8 -10 weeks of gestation. Total RNA was extracted to perform northern blot hybridization with a radiolabeled human PRL-R cDNA probe. Some tissues were cut and processed for in situ hybridization histochemistry with a radiolabeled RNA probe.

Results: 1. Northern blot hybridization: Approximately 9.0, 3.6 and 2.8kb size bands were detected in decidua in normal and ectopic pregnancy. No hybridization signal was detected in the chorionic villi. 2. In situ hybridization: Hybridization signals were detected in the cytoplasm of the decidual cells not only in normal pregnancy but also in ectopic pregnancy. No hybridization signal was detected in the trophoblast cells or endometrial glands.

Conclusion: The human PRL-R gene is expressed in the decidual cells in early pregnancy not only in normal pregnancy but also in ectopic pregnancy. And it has been reported that the decidual cells produce PRL. These results suggest that PRL may act directly on the decidual cells by paracrine and/or autocrine mechanisms.

Effects of an inhibitor of tyrosine protein kinases, genistein, and anti-phosphotyrosine monoclonal antibody on mouse oocyte maturation in vitro were examined. Genistein inhibited germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in a dose dependent manner (ED50:20 micrograms/ml), and the inhibitory effect was completely reversible. The level of oocyte cAMP just before GVBD was not affected by the addition of genistein to the culture medium. The addition of 30 micrograms/ml genistein to the medium after 45 min culture in the absence of dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) resulted in 50% inhibition of GVBD. Activator of protein kinase C, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (5 ng/ml) or dbcAMP (40 microM) inhibited GVBD synergistically with genistein (15 micrograms/ml). The meiotic maturation was significantly inhibited in the oocytes injected with anti-phosphotyrosine monoclonal antibody compared with the control oocytes injected with phosphate buffered saline. Genistein attenuated phosphorylation of the maturation-associated phosphoproteins which was demonstrated by means of one dimensional gel electrophoresis. Oocytes cultured with 30 micrograms/ml genistein showed a decreased rate of the first polar body emission (15 to 20%), and the inhibitory effect was dose dependent. The majority of oocytes (80 to 90%) inhibited from emitting the first polar body by genistein exhibited maturation arrest at metaphase 1. These data suggest that protein tyrosine phosphorylation may be implicated in the regulation of mouse oocyte maturation.

The bone mineral density in reproductive aged and pregnant women was measured with an ultrasound bone densitometer (Achilles, Luner Co, USA). Both parameters of bone density on Os calsis, sound of speed (SOS) and broad ultrasound attenuation (BUA) were significantly correlated with bone mineral density in lumbar2-4 measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (p < 0.01) in reproductive aged women (mean age; 24.5 +/- 2.3, n = 30). The changes in bone density during pregnancy and at delivery were studied. In a cross-sectional study, no significant changes in SOS, BUA and stiffness were observed, but in a longitudinal study (n = 21), all of these parameters decreased as pregnancy advanced. The markers of bone turnover (serum Ca, alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type 1-C peptide, urinary Ca/Cr and deoxypyridinoline/Cr) did not change during pregnancy. Ten pregnant women with low bone density (less than-1.5 SD mean value) were found. There was no significant difference between the markers of bone turnover in pregnant women with low and normal bone density. The clinical usefulness of the screening of bone density of reproductive aged and pregnant women to detect osteopenia is suggested.