Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131267
Tongshun Wang , Yaxin Zhou , Hengli Feng , Pengfei Sun , Lijing Su , Ruochen Zhao , Lingling Ran , Yang Gao
This paper investigates a plasmonic toroidal metasurface cancer cell sensor capable of highly sensitive, cost-effective, and label-free detection. Utilizing titanium and gold split ring resonators, the metasurface unit are formed. Numerical findings indicate a significant resonance frequency shift of the metasurface upon changes in the measured substance, enabling accurate detection of various cancer cell types, such as blood cancer cell and cervical cancer cell in the 2.5 THz-4.5 THz band, with sensitivity reaching 1.075 THz/RIU. Moreover, the metasurface sensor demonstrates superior angular stability and high sensitivity in detecting cyanide and heavy metal-contaminated water. These research outcomes lay a theoretical foundation for the development and application of highly sensitive cancer cell sensors.
{"title":"Terahertz cancer cell sensor based on plasmonic toroidal metasurface","authors":"Tongshun Wang , Yaxin Zhou , Hengli Feng , Pengfei Sun , Lijing Su , Ruochen Zhao , Lingling Ran , Yang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates a plasmonic toroidal metasurface cancer cell sensor capable of highly sensitive, cost-effective, and label-free detection. Utilizing titanium and gold split ring resonators, the metasurface unit are formed. Numerical findings indicate a significant resonance frequency shift of the metasurface upon changes in the measured substance, enabling accurate detection of various cancer cell types, such as blood cancer cell and cervical cancer cell in the 2.5 THz-4.5 THz band, with sensitivity reaching 1.075 THz/RIU. Moreover, the metasurface sensor demonstrates superior angular stability and high sensitivity in detecting cyanide and heavy metal-contaminated water. These research outcomes lay a theoretical foundation for the development and application of highly sensitive cancer cell sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The optical force-induced elastic wave is one of the fundamental mechanisms of the optical force-induced motion on a macroscopic scale, its amplitude is extremely small and easily affected by the thermal effect, limiting the development of related research and applications. This study proposes a decoupling method and its technical path for the optical force- and thermal effect-induced coupling elastic wave based on the frequency analysis of an analytical model of coupling elastic waves. The decoupling method can effectively identify the optical force-induced elastic wave. A multipulse enhancement of the amplitude of optical force-induced elastic waves is also theoretically proven based on the time domain analysis of the analytical model. To verify the method, a measurement platform is built for coupling elastic waves. The experimental results show that as the single pulse energy increases, the amplitude of the coupling elastic waves experiences nonlinear growth, which is mainly caused by the thermal effect. At a single pulse energy of 3.8 mJ, the average amplitude of the coupling elastic waves is 1.02 nm, consistent with the theoretical value of thermoelastic waves of 1.14 nm. By extracting high-frequency vibration, optical force-induced elastic waves are successfully decoupled, with the amplitude increasing linearly with the single pulse energy. At a single pulse energy of 3.8 mJ, the average amplitude is 294.9 pm, showing an enhancement compared to the theoretical value. The significance of this study lies filling a gap in the existing theoretical framework and has significant value in the application of optical force on a macroscopic scale.
{"title":"Study of optical force-induced elastic wave on macroscopic mirror","authors":"Chunyang Gu , Siyu Huang , Fengzhou Fang , Yukun Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optical force-induced elastic wave is one of the fundamental mechanisms of the optical force-induced motion on a macroscopic scale, its amplitude is extremely small and easily affected by the thermal effect, limiting the development of related research and applications. This study proposes a decoupling method and its technical path for the optical force- and thermal effect-induced coupling elastic wave based on the frequency analysis of an analytical model of coupling elastic waves. The decoupling method can effectively identify the optical force-induced elastic wave. A multipulse enhancement of the amplitude of optical force-induced elastic waves is also theoretically proven based on the time domain analysis of the analytical model. To verify the method, a measurement platform is built for coupling elastic waves. The experimental results show that as the single pulse energy increases, the amplitude of the coupling elastic waves experiences nonlinear growth, which is mainly caused by the thermal effect. At a single pulse energy of 3.8 mJ, the average amplitude of the coupling elastic waves is 1.02 nm, consistent with the theoretical value of thermoelastic waves of 1.14 nm. By extracting high-frequency vibration, optical force-induced elastic waves are successfully decoupled, with the amplitude increasing linearly with the single pulse energy. At a single pulse energy of 3.8 mJ, the average amplitude is 294.9 pm, showing an enhancement compared to the theoretical value. The significance of this study lies filling a gap in the existing theoretical framework and has significant value in the application of optical force on a macroscopic scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131249
Osamu Hirota , Masaki Sohma
The purpose of this paper is to celebrate Sir D. Payne’s 80th birthday by dedicating our latest results as a continuation of his work in optical communications. One of the important issues in optical communications is to protect the transmission information data passing through optical fiber channels. Many ideas have been proposed and are being actively developed to implement in the physical layer of ultra-high-speed communications. As a representative example, a methodology that achieves this goal by fusing modulation techniques in ordinary optical communications and mathematical cipher is being actively studied. To further clarify this advantage, a theoretical concept has been proposed to solve the problem by adopting a PPM code format. However, this scheme has several difficulties at the implementation stage. Thus, this paper presents an optical scheme on modulation and receiver that eliminate those drawbacks.
本文旨在庆祝 D. 佩恩爵士八十寿辰，将我们的最新成果作为他在光通信领域工作的延续。光通信领域的一个重要问题是保护通过光纤通道的传输信息数据。在超高速通信的物理层中，已经提出并正在积极开发实现这一目标的许多想法。例如，通过融合普通光通信中的调制技术和数学密码来实现这一目标的方法正在积极研究之中。为了进一步阐明这一优势，有人提出了一种理论概念，通过采用 PPM 代码格式来解决这一问题。然而，这种方案在实施阶段存在一些困难。因此，本文提出了一种消除这些缺点的调制和接收器光学方案。
{"title":"An improvement of optical PPM communication with high security","authors":"Osamu Hirota , Masaki Sohma","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this paper is to celebrate Sir D. Payne’s 80th birthday by dedicating our latest results as a continuation of his work in optical communications. One of the important issues in optical communications is to protect the transmission information data passing through optical fiber channels. Many ideas have been proposed and are being actively developed to implement in the physical layer of ultra-high-speed communications. As a representative example, a methodology that achieves this goal by fusing modulation techniques in ordinary optical communications and mathematical cipher is being actively studied. To further clarify this advantage, a theoretical concept has been proposed to solve the problem by adopting a PPM code format. However, this scheme has several difficulties at the implementation stage. Thus, this paper presents an optical scheme on modulation and receiver that eliminate those drawbacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131266
Junrui Liang , Jun Li , Junhong He , Yidong Guo , Xiaoya Ma , Yang Zhang , Yanzhao Ke , Jun Ye , Jiangming Xu , Jinyong Leng , Pu Zhou
The speckle-based reconstructive spectrometers (RSs) retrieve spectra in a smart and single-shot way, significantly increasing the measurement rate compared to traditional spectrometers with scanning devices. Reports on high-speed multi-wavelength detection in the infrared region are scarce due to limited detector frame rates, unlike in the visible light spectrum, where silicon-based cameras are commonly used for wavemeters. Current RSs commonly rely on full-pixel speckles, but this study demonstrates that localized speckles also convey global spectral information. Experimental results show that an integrating sphere's local speckles can improve spectral measurement speed by 35 times with minimal loss in accuracy compared to full-pixel speckles of a multimode fiber (MMF). The study investigates the influence of the position and size of local speckles on RSs. The optimization criterion for balancing pixel number, measurement speed and reconstruction accuracy is also presented. This research contributes to speedy transmission matrix calibration and detailed observation of agile spectral evolution.
{"title":"Multi-wavelength spectral reconstruction with localized speckle pattern","authors":"Junrui Liang , Jun Li , Junhong He , Yidong Guo , Xiaoya Ma , Yang Zhang , Yanzhao Ke , Jun Ye , Jiangming Xu , Jinyong Leng , Pu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The speckle-based reconstructive spectrometers (RSs) retrieve spectra in a smart and single-shot way, significantly increasing the measurement rate compared to traditional spectrometers with scanning devices. Reports on high-speed multi-wavelength detection in the infrared region are scarce due to limited detector frame rates, unlike in the visible light spectrum, where silicon-based cameras are commonly used for wavemeters. Current RSs commonly rely on full-pixel speckles, but this study demonstrates that localized speckles also convey global spectral information. Experimental results show that an integrating sphere's local speckles can improve spectral measurement speed by 35 times with minimal loss in accuracy compared to full-pixel speckles of a multimode fiber (MMF). The study investigates the influence of the position and size of local speckles on RSs. The optimization criterion for balancing pixel number, measurement speed and reconstruction accuracy is also presented. This research contributes to speedy transmission matrix calibration and detailed observation of agile spectral evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131262
Dahye Jang , Sanggu Lee , Heonseong Ryu , Eui Young Rho , Jeongmin Kim , Minah Seo , Tae Dong Lee , Sang-Hun Lee
Recently, significant progress has been made in the development of THz optics based on metamaterials to overcome the limited availability of suitable materials for conventional optics. Although 3D printing technology is a promising method for rapidly fabricating these subwavelength structures, the structural degree of freedom for 3D printed metamaterials is still limited by the optical properties of printing materials. In this study, we controlled the THz refractive index and extinction coefficient of the 3D printing resin by UV exposure doses during the printing process. Samples were fabricated as uniform plates under different curing conditions in printing, and their optical properties were measured in the range between 0.3 THz and 2.0 THz using THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The refractive index and extinction coefficient were changed from 1.65 to 1.80, and from 0.04 to 0.12, respectively, with increasing UV doses from 1 mJ/cm2, which allows resin to solidify and become printable, to 100 mJ/cm2, where the optical changes become almost saturated. The results provide insights into optimizing the fabrication process of THz devices, even those with a gradient and complex refractive index profile, by utilizing 3D printing technology for a broad range of applications.
{"title":"Terahertz refractive index control of 3D printing materials by UV exposure","authors":"Dahye Jang , Sanggu Lee , Heonseong Ryu , Eui Young Rho , Jeongmin Kim , Minah Seo , Tae Dong Lee , Sang-Hun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, significant progress has been made in the development of THz optics based on metamaterials to overcome the limited availability of suitable materials for conventional optics. Although 3D printing technology is a promising method for rapidly fabricating these subwavelength structures, the structural degree of freedom for 3D printed metamaterials is still limited by the optical properties of printing materials. In this study, we controlled the THz refractive index and extinction coefficient of the 3D printing resin by UV exposure doses during the printing process. Samples were fabricated as uniform plates under different curing conditions in printing, and their optical properties were measured in the range between 0.3 THz and 2.0 THz using THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The refractive index and extinction coefficient were changed from 1.65 to 1.80, and from 0.04 to 0.12, respectively, with increasing UV doses from 1 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup>, which allows resin to solidify and become printable, to 100 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup>, where the optical changes become almost saturated. The results provide insights into optimizing the fabrication process of THz devices, even those with a gradient and complex refractive index profile, by utilizing 3D printing technology for a broad range of applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131259
Xingda Wang , Dongfei Wang , Xiangqing Wang , Zhenzhen Li
The paper presents a secure communication scheme for the optical physical layer based on a seven-dimensional (7-D) Cellular Neural Network (CNN) hyperchaotic encryption. The encryption scheme utilizes a 7-D CNN hyperchaotic system to generate a hyperchaotic sequence as the key source. A portion of this key is selected to encrypt the plaintext image. The proposed scheme has been successfully implemented in a PDM-16QAM system with a data rate of 224 Gbps over a 200 km single-mode fiber (SMF). Experimental results show that authorized users can successfully decrypt the received signal, while eavesdroppers are unable to obtain useful information with a bit error rate (BER) of approximately 0.5. The key space of the scheme is 101792. Through key sensitivity analysis and key space analysis, it is known that the proposed encryption system can effectively resist various attacks by cryptanalysts.
{"title":"Physical layer security enhancement scheme for PDM-16QAM system based on seven-dimensional CNN hyperchaotic encryption","authors":"Xingda Wang , Dongfei Wang , Xiangqing Wang , Zhenzhen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a secure communication scheme for the optical physical layer based on a seven-dimensional (7-D) Cellular Neural Network (CNN) hyperchaotic encryption. The encryption scheme utilizes a 7-D CNN hyperchaotic system to generate a hyperchaotic sequence as the key source. A portion of this key is selected to encrypt the plaintext image. The proposed scheme has been successfully implemented in a PDM-16QAM system with a data rate of 224 Gbps over a 200 km single-mode fiber (SMF). Experimental results show that authorized users can successfully decrypt the received signal, while eavesdroppers are unable to obtain useful information with a bit error rate (BER) of approximately 0.5. The key space of the scheme is 10<sup>1792</sup>. Through key sensitivity analysis and key space analysis, it is known that the proposed encryption system can effectively resist various attacks by cryptanalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131258
Zhuoyue Sun , Xinrui Du , Wenqian Yuan , Xinyu Wang , Feng Xia , Mei Wang , Peng Sun , Li Dong , Maojin Yun
Metasurfaces provide opportunities to enhance nonlinear optical processes. In this paper, we present a nonlinear all-dielectric metasurface with high-quality-factor (high-Q-factor) resonant modes in the vicinity of bound states in a continuum (BICs) to enhance the conversion efficiency of third-harmonic generation (THG). By breaking the symmetry of the metasurface, a quasi-BIC (Q-BIC) with finite lifetimes and large Q factors can be excited and the localized field can be significantly enhanced. Such distinctive-mode engineering yielded a THG conversion efficiency of 3.98% at a pump power of 1 MW/cm2. In addition, compared with previous studies, the THG conversion efficiency, the switch between single and dual modes of can be dynamically tuned by adjusting the asymmetry parameter Δr, the polarization angle of the incident light, and the height of the silicon nanopillar. The results of this study offer insight into harmonic generation at the nanoscale level.
{"title":"Efficient third harmonic generation in an all-dielectric metasurface based on tunable bound states in the continuum","authors":"Zhuoyue Sun , Xinrui Du , Wenqian Yuan , Xinyu Wang , Feng Xia , Mei Wang , Peng Sun , Li Dong , Maojin Yun","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metasurfaces provide opportunities to enhance nonlinear optical processes. In this paper, we present a nonlinear all-dielectric metasurface with high-quality-factor (high-Q-factor) resonant modes in the vicinity of bound states in a continuum (BICs) to enhance the conversion efficiency of third-harmonic generation (THG). By breaking the symmetry of the metasurface, a quasi-BIC (Q-BIC) with finite lifetimes and large Q factors can be excited and the localized field can be significantly enhanced. Such distinctive-mode engineering yielded a THG conversion efficiency of 3.98% at a pump power of 1 MW/cm<sup>2</sup>. In addition, compared with previous studies, the THG conversion efficiency, the switch between single and dual modes of can be dynamically tuned by adjusting the asymmetry parameter Δr, the polarization angle of the incident light, and the height of the silicon nanopillar. The results of this study offer insight into harmonic generation at the nanoscale level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131254
Deiva Sundari Muthukumar , André Chéagé Chamgoué , Jules Metsebo , D. Chandra Sekhar , Anitha Karthikeyan
The investigation in this paper on the ring of locally and the array of non-locally coupled current-modulated (CM) edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (EESLs) is numerical. The dynamical characteristics of a ring of locally coupled CMEESLs display incoherent and chimera behaviors for small values of coupling strength while coherent behaviors are observed for large values of coupling strength. The dynamical characteristics of a circlet of non-locally twained CMEESLs reveal that the twaining force is of great importance when considering the coherent and incoherent characteristics of the nodes found inside the circlet. Considering the twaining force in an infinitesimal interval, the array of non-locally coupled CMEESLs displays chimera states. Incrementing the twaining force, the array of non-locally coupled CMEESLs is in a state of coherency and a total destruction of the chimera states is observed. The findings in this paper suggest that the ring of locally and array of non-locally coupled CMEESLs under study could have significant implications for applications in neuro-inspired computing, particularly in neuromimetic computing.
{"title":"Incoherent, chimera and coherent behaviors in ring of locally and array of non-locally coupled current-modulated edge-emitting semiconductor lasers","authors":"Deiva Sundari Muthukumar , André Chéagé Chamgoué , Jules Metsebo , D. Chandra Sekhar , Anitha Karthikeyan","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The investigation in this paper on the ring of locally and the array of non-locally coupled current-modulated (CM) edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (EESLs) is numerical. The dynamical characteristics of a ring of locally coupled CMEESLs display incoherent and chimera behaviors for small values of coupling strength while coherent behaviors are observed for large values of coupling strength. The dynamical characteristics of a circlet of non-locally twained CMEESLs reveal that the twaining force is of great importance when considering the coherent and incoherent characteristics of the nodes found inside the circlet. Considering the twaining force in an infinitesimal interval, the array of non-locally coupled CMEESLs displays chimera states. Incrementing the twaining force, the array of non-locally coupled CMEESLs is in a state of coherency and a total destruction of the chimera states is observed. The findings in this paper suggest that the ring of locally and array of non-locally coupled CMEESLs under study could have significant implications for applications in neuro-inspired computing, particularly in neuromimetic computing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131244
Leonardo Limongi , Francesco Martini , Thu Ha Dao , Alessandro Gaggero , Hamza Hasnaoui , Igor Lopez-Gonzalez , Fabio Chiarello , Fabio De Matteis , Alberto Quaranta , Andrea Salamon , Francesco Mattioli , Martino Bernard , Mirko Lobino
Photon Number Resolving Detectors (PNRDs) are devices capable of measuring the number of photons present in an incident optical beam, enabling light sources to be measured and characterized at the quantum level. In this paper, we explore the performance and design considerations of a linearly multiplexed photon number-resolving single-photon detector array, integrated on a single mode waveguide. Our investigation focus on defining and analyzing the fidelity of such an array under various conditions and proposing practical designs for its implementation. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, we show how propagation losses and dark counts may have a strong impact on the performance of the system and highlight the importance of mitigating these effects in practical implementations.
{"title":"Linearly multiplexed Photon Number Resolving single-photon detectors array","authors":"Leonardo Limongi , Francesco Martini , Thu Ha Dao , Alessandro Gaggero , Hamza Hasnaoui , Igor Lopez-Gonzalez , Fabio Chiarello , Fabio De Matteis , Alberto Quaranta , Andrea Salamon , Francesco Mattioli , Martino Bernard , Mirko Lobino","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photon Number Resolving Detectors (PNRDs) are devices capable of measuring the number of photons present in an incident optical beam, enabling light sources to be measured and characterized at the quantum level. In this paper, we explore the performance and design considerations of a linearly multiplexed photon number-resolving single-photon detector array, integrated on a single mode waveguide. Our investigation focus on defining and analyzing the fidelity of such an array under various conditions and proposing practical designs for its implementation. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, we show how propagation losses and dark counts may have a strong impact on the performance of the system and highlight the importance of mitigating these effects in practical implementations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131253
Mamoona Khalid , Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem , David G. Lancaster
An in-band pumped continuous wave (CW) ∼2.1 μm microchip laser is presented for the first time based on a short cavity Ho3+ doped germanate glass (GeO2-PbO-Ga2O3–Na2O: GPGN). A 1.94 μm, 5 W Tm3+ fiber laser was employed for the excitation of the Ho3+ ions. A 19% laser slope efficiency was achieved in a simple, unoptimized plane parallel Fabry-Perot cavity configuration. A positive thermal lens was estimated in the laser cavity with a sensitivity factor of S ∼31 m−1W−1 and an optical path distortion value exceeding 6 μm. The laser results along with the analysis of the thermal lens indicate that with improved thermal management and an optimized cavity configuration GPGN is a promising gain medium for microchip laser operation around 2.1 μm.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of ∼2.1 μm microchip laser operation in Ho3+ doped germanate glass","authors":"Mamoona Khalid , Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem , David G. Lancaster","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An in-band pumped continuous wave (CW) ∼2.1 μm microchip laser is presented for the first time based on a short cavity Ho<sup>3+</sup> doped germanate glass (GeO<sub>2</sub>-PbO-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–Na<sub>2</sub>O: GPGN). A 1.94 μm, 5 W Tm<sup>3+</sup> fiber laser was employed for the excitation of the Ho<sup>3+</sup> ions. A 19% laser slope efficiency was achieved in a simple, unoptimized plane parallel Fabry-Perot cavity configuration. A positive thermal lens was estimated in the laser cavity with a sensitivity factor of <em>S</em> ∼31 m<sup>−1</sup>W<sup>−1</sup> and an optical path distortion value exceeding 6 μm. The laser results along with the analysis of the thermal lens indicate that with improved thermal management and an optimized cavity configuration GPGN is a promising gain medium for microchip laser operation around 2.1 μm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号