Optics Communications最新文献

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Mitigation of interference fading in coherent Φ-OTDR utilizing positive and negative frequency bands with intradyne detection

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131552

Yafeng Cheng , Hanyong Wang , Changpeng Ming , Lei Qian , Desheng Li , Hongyi Gan , Tianye Huang , Wu Liu , Ming Luo , Lei Dong , Xiang Li

The performance of the phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) system can be significantly enhanced by detecting larger bandwidth of Rayleigh backscattered signal. However, the detection bandwidth is often constrained by the limitations of electronic components when only single-sideband probe signal is used. To address these challenges, we proposed to use intradyne detection that combines positive and negative frequency bands to eliminate the interference fading and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the recovered disturbance signal. In this study, we employ a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) to generate double-sideband probe signal and intradyne detection to double the available bandwidth of the Φ-OTDR system. By combining the positive and negative frequency bands, we experimentally demonstrate that the interference fading can be effectively mitigated at a sampling rate of 250 MSa/s after intradyne detection. The strain sensitivities of 47.5

p ε / \sqrt{H z}

is achieved in 5 km fiber length with 2.5 m spatial resolution.

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引用次数: 0

Interferometric techniques for thickness measurement of 2D structures

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131555

Athira A, Alok Sharan

In this study, we obtain the thickness of films deposited on a glass slide by an in-house built experimental setup based on speckle interferometry (SI) and Doppler-shifted optical coherence tomography (D-OCT) techniques. Three different film textures, a transparent, semi-transparent film (Graphene Oxide-Poly vinyl alcohol composite film) and a highly scattered film (Biofilm formed during wastewater treatment out of chemical and biological activity), were used to test the accuracy in the measurement process of our optical system. The thickness range compares favorably with those measured by SEM cross-sections. In addition to the thickness of the film, we can extract the thickness variation of the film within the illuminated area from the one-time measurement process. The novelty of the work stands in the successful extraction and comparison of the film parameters in a low-cost instrumental facility utilizing teaching lab equipment of films with varying textures viz transparent film to scattering films from the same setup.

引用次数: 0

Realization of multifunctional optical devices based on valley topological photonic crystals with triangular lattice

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131549

Yong-Feng Gao , Ming-Yang Sun , Tian-Hao Yao , Sheng-Yi Li , Shu-Yang Zhou , Ming Yang , Qi-Chao Hou

The emergence of valley Hall topological photonic crystals (VPCs) has driven advancements in the field of optical applications such as optical communication and optical computing. In this work, we propose valley photonic crystals with triangular lattice composed of silicon rods to achieve topological edge states (TESs) and topological corner states (TCSs), and investigate the influence of two different domain interfaces of bearded-shaped and zigzag-shaped between two VPCs with opposite valley Chern numbers on TESs and TCSs. TESs and TCSs obtained from different interfaces have different frequencies and the robustness of them to defects is demonstrated. A rhomboidal hybrid structure with various valley interfaces is designed to achieve the functions of frequency division, beam splitting and three-channel photonic router based on TESs. In addition, a rhomboidal hybrid VPC waveguide-cavity coupling system is proposed, which comprises a Y-shaped air waveguide and two triangular box-shaped cavities with different domain interfaces. Both ‘AND gate’ and ‘OR gate’ logic gate functionalities can be achieved in the same structure corresponding to different frequency ranges by the coupling of air waveguides and box-shaped cavities utilizing the strong localization of corner states. This work provides a new approach for integrated devices, particularly in the fields of integrated circuits and integrated photonic devices, based on triangular photonic crystals.

{"title":"Realization of multifunctional optical devices based on valley topological photonic crystals with triangular lattice","authors":"Yong-Feng Gao , Ming-Yang Sun , Tian-Hao Yao , Sheng-Yi Li , Shu-Yang Zhou , Ming Yang , Qi-Chao Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of valley Hall topological photonic crystals (VPCs) has driven advancements in the field of optical applications such as optical communication and optical computing. In this work, we propose valley photonic crystals with triangular lattice composed of silicon rods to achieve topological edge states (TESs) and topological corner states (TCSs), and investigate the influence of two different domain interfaces of bearded-shaped and zigzag-shaped between two VPCs with opposite valley Chern numbers on TESs and TCSs. TESs and TCSs obtained from different interfaces have different frequencies and the robustness of them to defects is demonstrated. A rhomboidal hybrid structure with various valley interfaces is designed to achieve the functions of frequency division, beam splitting and three-channel photonic router based on TESs. In addition, a rhomboidal hybrid VPC waveguide-cavity coupling system is proposed, which comprises a Y-shaped air waveguide and two triangular box-shaped cavities with different domain interfaces. Both ‘AND gate’ and ‘OR gate’ logic gate functionalities can be achieved in the same structure corresponding to different frequency ranges by the coupling of air waveguides and box-shaped cavities utilizing the strong localization of corner states. This work provides a new approach for integrated devices, particularly in the fields of integrated circuits and integrated photonic devices, based on triangular photonic crystals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"579 ","pages":"Article 131549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Filamentation characteristics in the transition from cylindrical vector to circularly polarized vortex femtosecond pulses

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131551

Haoran Wang , Dongwei Li , Junhui Yu , Yangjian Cai , Zuoqiang Hao , Lanzhi Zhang

This study investigates the influence of polarization on the filamentation characteristics of femtosecond vector and vortex laser pulses. By using a quarter-wave plate (QWP) and a q-plate to vary the polarization distribution of femtosecond laser beam, we transform the beam from a cylindrical vector to a circularly polarized vortex beam. This transition enables precise control over key parameters, including the on-axis maximum intensity and spectral broadening of the generated supercontinuum. As the QWP angle increases from 0° to 45°, we observe a decrease in both the maximum filamentation intensity and spectral broadening. These parameters exhibit periodic variations as the QWP angle is further increased beyond 45°. Furthermore, circularly polarized vortex beams exhibit delayed filamentation onset, shorter filament length, and lower intensity compared to the linearly polarized beams. These findings highlight the critical role of polarization in modulating filamentation dynamics, offering the way for enhanced applications in air lasing, waveguides, and supercontinuum generation.

{"title":"Filamentation characteristics in the transition from cylindrical vector to circularly polarized vortex femtosecond pulses","authors":"Haoran Wang , Dongwei Li , Junhui Yu , Yangjian Cai , Zuoqiang Hao , Lanzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of polarization on the filamentation characteristics of femtosecond vector and vortex laser pulses. By using a quarter-wave plate (QWP) and a <em>q</em>-plate to vary the polarization distribution of femtosecond laser beam, we transform the beam from a cylindrical vector to a circularly polarized vortex beam. This transition enables precise control over key parameters, including the on-axis maximum intensity and spectral broadening of the generated supercontinuum. As the QWP angle increases from 0° to 45°, we observe a decrease in both the maximum filamentation intensity and spectral broadening. These parameters exhibit periodic variations as the QWP angle is further increased beyond 45°. Furthermore, circularly polarized vortex beams exhibit delayed filamentation onset, shorter filament length, and lower intensity compared to the linearly polarized beams. These findings highlight the critical role of polarization in modulating filamentation dynamics, offering the way for enhanced applications in air lasing, waveguides, and supercontinuum generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"579 ","pages":"Article 131551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Terahertz refractive index sensor based on triple-band absorption metasurface

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131449

Dongming Liu , Shujie Qiu , Yetong Wang , Jian Han , Qiang Liu , Tingting Lv

High-performance metasurface refractive index sensors are extremely promising for biosensing, petroleum, agricultural production, and security detection fields. We theoretically propose a terahertz refractive index sensor based on absorption mechanism, which can achieve an excellent triple-band absorber and high-performance refractive index sensor. The proposed triple-band absorber may achieve 90.22%, 98.87%, and 99.91% at 0.93, 1.12 and 1.45 THz, respectively. Multi-band response promises multi-point matching of the resonant frequency between the sensor and the measured substance, thus enabling a high-accuracy terahertz sensor. The refractive index sensor has the maximum sensitivity (S), quality factor (Q), and figure of merit (FOM) of 420 GHz/RIU, 71.54, and 21.4 RIU⁻¹, respectively. The triple-band absorber is achieved by the combination of electric and magnetic dipole responses and the sensing performance is determined by localized electromagnetic field distribution. The proposed terahertz refractive index metasurface sensor has a promising application prospect in biosensing and critical parameter measurement for oil and gas wells.

{"title":"Terahertz refractive index sensor based on triple-band absorption metasurface","authors":"Dongming Liu , Shujie Qiu , Yetong Wang , Jian Han , Qiang Liu , Tingting Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performance metasurface refractive index sensors are extremely promising for biosensing, petroleum, agricultural production, and security detection fields. We theoretically propose a terahertz refractive index sensor based on absorption mechanism, which can achieve an excellent triple-band absorber and high-performance refractive index sensor. The proposed triple-band absorber may achieve 90.22%, 98.87%, and 99.91% at 0.93, 1.12 and 1.45 THz, respectively. Multi-band response promises multi-point matching of the resonant frequency between the sensor and the measured substance, thus enabling a high-accuracy terahertz sensor. The refractive index sensor has the maximum sensitivity (<em>S</em>), quality factor (<em>Q</em>), and figure of merit (<em>FOM</em>) of 420 GHz/RIU, 71.54, and 21.4 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The triple-band absorber is achieved by the combination of electric and magnetic dipole responses and the sensing performance is determined by localized electromagnetic field distribution. The proposed terahertz refractive index metasurface sensor has a promising application prospect in biosensing and critical parameter measurement for oil and gas wells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"579 ","pages":"Article 131449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A theoretical model of amplified spontaneous emission with different beveling angles for disk-shaped laser medium

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131550

Ranyou Zhao , Guangzhi Zhu , Xiangyu Ma , Biaoping Gu , Kozlov Aleksei , Hailin Wang , Xiao Zhu

This paper investigates the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) effect in large-size, high-gain Yb:YAG disk lasers and proposes a theoretical model to suppress this effect using a beveled disk crystal. The Monte Carlo ray-tracing method analyzes the escape efficiencies of ASE photons with different escaping paths, revealing the function of the beveled disk crystal in suppressing the ASE effect. The results demonstrate that the beveling angle significantly impacts the escape efficiency and is closely related to the crystal's refractive index. This study provides theoretical support for designing a suitable beveling angle to compromise the ASE effect based on the refractive index of laser crystals and optimize the disk laser system in real-world applications.

引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional broadband 90° optical hybrid with low crosstalk and phase error processed via femtosecond laser direct writing

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131537

Xiaolin Li , Zhen Cao , Zhenqi Niu , Shengshui Wang , Huan Chen , Zhigang Jiang , Jianda Shao , Chaoyang Wei

The 90°optical hybrid is a key component for decoding phase information, and its performance is limited by the crosstalk of crossed waveguide and bandwidth. We proposed an optical hybrid with a three-dimensional spiral structure, which can effectively avoid crosstalk and has only a 2.8° cross angle. The three-dimensional optical hybrid is successfully processed using femtosecond laser direct writing with beam shaping as well as precise machining attitude and speed control, which exhibits a phase error of less than 3° within a wavelength range of 625–725 nm. Its broadband stability and low occupied space are applicable to future integrated photonic devices.

引用次数: 0

High-temperature superconductor based mid-infrared detector

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131548

Ankit Kumar , Dmitry Panna , Shlomi Bouscher , Gabriel Natale , Vincent Plisson , Kenneth S. Burch , Amit Kanigel , Alex Hayat

We demonstrated high-temperature based superconducting microwire detectors for mid-infrared applications, based on

Y B a_{2} C u_{3} O_{7 - δ} (YBCO)

. We have used a hard oxide,

A l_{2} O_{3},

as a mask material to achieve the microwires in meander geometry. We have achieved the photoresponse of microwire to radiation in the mid-infrared spectrum at wavelengths 3.25 and 4.25

μ m,

at temperatures nearly ten times higher than those of existing low-temperature superconducting detectors. We showed a clear correlation between the photoresponse magnitude and the critical parameters of the superconductor, showcasing peak optical responses near the critical temperature and bias current density. Furthermore, our comprehensive electrical transport measurements conducted at various temperatures align closely with our optical response data. The demonstrated performance and versatility of these detectors underscore their potential for a wide array of applications spanning environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, space exploration, and spectroscopic studies.

{"title":"High-temperature superconductor based mid-infrared detector","authors":"Ankit Kumar , Dmitry Panna , Shlomi Bouscher , Gabriel Natale , Vincent Plisson , Kenneth S. Burch , Amit Kanigel , Alex Hayat","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We demonstrated high-temperature based superconducting microwire detectors for mid-infrared applications, based on <span><math><mi>Y</mi><mi>B</mi><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mrow><mn>7</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>δ</mi></mrow></msub><mspace></mspace><mfenced><mtext>YBCO</mtext></mfenced></math></span>. We have used a hard oxide, <span><math><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>,</mo></math></span> as a mask material to achieve the microwires in meander geometry. We have achieved the photoresponse of microwire to radiation in the mid-infrared spectrum at wavelengths 3.25 and 4.25 <span><math><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi><mtext>,</mtext></math></span> at temperatures nearly ten times higher than those of existing low-temperature superconducting detectors. We showed a clear correlation between the photoresponse magnitude and the critical parameters of the superconductor, showcasing peak optical responses near the critical temperature and bias current density. Furthermore, our comprehensive electrical transport measurements conducted at various temperatures align closely with our optical response data. The demonstrated performance and versatility of these detectors underscore their potential for a wide array of applications spanning environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, space exploration, and spectroscopic studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"579 ","pages":"Article 131548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-speed wafer-level TGV interposer for 2.5D CPO

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131517

Chang Ge , Xinyi Wang , Jiangbing Du , Xiaozhong Lin , Ting Lei , Luping Du , Zuyuan He

This paper presents the development of an 8-inch wafer-level TGV interposer, highlighting its potential for CPO applications. Fabricated using Laser-Induced Deep Etching (LIDE) and metallization, the TGV interposer demonstrated a bandwidth of 110 GHz and supported a 128-Gbaud On- Off Keying (OOK) signal interconnection, verified through both simulations and experimental methods. The research underscores the feasibility of 2.5D packaging by utilizing flip-chip technology to integrate driver and Electro- Absorption Modulated Laser (EML) chips onto the TGV interposer. The op-to electronic joint testing confirmed the EML's operational viability, achieving an optical output power of −0.07 dBm. This study illustrates advancements in TGV interposer technologies for high-performance optical communication systems.

引用次数: 0

On-chip terahertz amplitude modulator unit in series configuration design

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131546

Rong Zhang , Yang Cao , Xing Li , Xiaoyu Yang , Shuai Li , Liying Lang

—Terahertz modulators play a pivotal role in the high-speed terahertz communication system. The development of a single modulation unit featuring simple structure and high modulation depth caters to the trend towards the miniaturization, integration, and multi-functionality of on-chip terahertz modulators. In this work, we propose a terahertz modulation unit in the form of a split-ring resonator integrated in series with microstrip lines for amplitude modulation. The modulator unit features an insertion loss of less than 1 dB under the On state, and a maximum modulation depth exceeding 30 dB under the Off state with an operational bandwidth greater than 15 GHz at 140 GHz. Subsequently, both the series-coupled and the dual-arm configuration of such a unit design for dual-band modulation were demonstrated. Series-coupled configuration featuring seamless connected units allows simultaneous modulation of terahertz carrier waves within multiple bands. Whilst dual-arm configuration consisting of a single split ring resonator unit having compact structure, but with challenges in multi-band modulation. Finally, we propose a characterization methodology of terahertz on-chip modulators involving a non-ideally conforming waveguide-finline-microstrip transition. Such conversion circumvents the challenges associated with conventional chip testing methods, and is highly practical in revealing the performance of stand-alone components. We believe that the proposed terahertz modulator unit design holds strong potential to provide compact and integrated solutions for analog signal processing in the upcoming Terahertz communications.

{"title":"On-chip terahertz amplitude modulator unit in series configuration design","authors":"Rong Zhang , Yang Cao , Xing Li , Xiaoyu Yang , Shuai Li , Liying Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>—Terahertz modulators play a pivotal role in the high-speed terahertz communication system. The development of a single modulation unit featuring simple structure and high modulation depth caters to the trend towards the miniaturization, integration, and multi-functionality of on-chip terahertz modulators. In this work, we propose a terahertz modulation unit in the form of a split-ring resonator integrated in series with microstrip lines for amplitude modulation. The modulator unit features an insertion loss of less than 1 dB under the On state, and a maximum modulation depth exceeding 30 dB under the Off state with an operational bandwidth greater than 15 GHz at 140 GHz. Subsequently, both the series-coupled and the dual-arm configuration of such a unit design for dual-band modulation were demonstrated. Series-coupled configuration featuring seamless connected units allows simultaneous modulation of terahertz carrier waves within multiple bands. Whilst dual-arm configuration consisting of a single split ring resonator unit having compact structure, but with challenges in multi-band modulation. Finally, we propose a characterization methodology of terahertz on-chip modulators involving a non-ideally conforming waveguide-finline-microstrip transition. Such conversion circumvents the challenges associated with conventional chip testing methods, and is highly practical in revealing the performance of stand-alone components. We believe that the proposed terahertz modulator unit design holds strong potential to provide compact and integrated solutions for analog signal processing in the upcoming Terahertz communications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"579 ","pages":"Article 131546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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