Nihon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science最新文献

Chuzan virus at 2 to 3 passage levels in cell cultures after isolation was inoculated intravenously into 15 seronegative pregnant cows at 89 to 150 days of gestation. All of the cows developed viremia a few days after inoculation and antibodies 2 weeks after inoculation. No clinical signs, except leukopenia, were observed throughout the experimental period. These 15 cows delivered 15 calves after normal gestation. One of the calves which was born to a dam inoculated at 120 days of gestation, showed impairment of movement, and the remaining 14 were healthy. Postmortem examination revealed that this calf had hydranencephaly- cerebellar hypoplasia (HCH) syndrome and that the remaining calves were normal. Two of the 15 calves, including the one that had HCH syndrome, had antibody to Chuzan virus in their precolostral sera. These findings provide additional evidence that Chuzan virus is the etiological agent of an epizootic of congenital abnormalities with HCH syndrome of calves in Japan, 1985 to 1986. We propose to name the HCH syndrome caused by Chuzan virus infection Chuzan disease.

Characteristics of CPE produced by porcine enteroviruses (PEV) were examined by Immunoperoxidase (IP) staining method. Viral antigens were detected earlier than appearance of CPE. Distinctive characteristics of the three CPE types were clearly showed by the method. In cross reactions by IP staining, the titers of the staining were high (1:6,400 to 1:25,600), even though neutralizing titers of PEV with CPE II or III were low (1:200 to 1:400). The very close relationship was detected between PEV with the same CPE type, but the very low relationships were detected between PEV with the different CPE type. The relationships in CPE I group were various. The results by IP staining were more relative to CPE type than the serotype. Thus, IP staining is one method to classify PEV clearly.

In order to better understand androgen secretion in the tom cat during the breeding season, observations of diurnal changes in peripheral blood testosterone (T) levels, were made and the relation between androgen levels (androstenedione (A), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). T) in testicular and peripheral vein blood was borne. Histologic examinations of the testis were also performed to investigate spermatogenic function. The 9 tom cats used in these studies were 2-3 years old, weighed 3.5-4.0 kg, and were raised in a room under natural lighting. As a result, diurnal peripheral blood T levels in the tom cat fluctuated greatly according to each individual, but since no definite trend could be identified, secretion was determined to be episodic. Although fairly large differences in the 3 types of androgen were observed in testicular vein blood depending on the individual animal, levels on the left and right were almost equal. Moreover, a correlation was found between the testicular and peripheral vein blood concentrations of the 3 androgens (A: p less than 0.01; DHT: p less than 0.05; T: p less than 0.01). Therefore, secretion of testicular androgen can be inferred by measuring peripheral blood androgen levels. Testicular histological examination revealed active spermatogenesis in all of the cats, and no significant inter individual differences were detected in either seminiferous tubule diameters or any of the various germ cells.

The change in activities of 3 major antioxidative enzymes in equine erythrocytes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), and catalase, was investigated in order to evaluate the effect of exercise. Blood samples were obtained from 11 thoroughbred horses before and immediately after vigorous exercise which induced the increase of plasma lipid peroxide (Lpx) concentration from 1.16 +/- 0.40 nmol/ml to 1.29 +/- 0.34 nmol/ml. Following the exercise, the GSHpx activity in erythrocytes was significantly reduced from 69 +/- 10 IU/gHb to 65 +/- 8 IU/gHb, whereas SOD and catalase activities were not changed. Effects of an antioxidative compound, containing selenium and vitamin E(Se-E), on the response of antioxidative enzyme activities following the exercise were examined. Seven horses were injected intramuscularly with Se-E(Se:25 mg, vitamin E:54.8 mg) and received the same vigorous exercise. After Se-E treatment, plasma Lpx levels before the exercise were decreased from 1.24 +/- 0.09 nmol/ml to 0.86 +/- 0.03 nmol/ml, however, SOD, GSHpx, and catalase activities were not varied. The Se-E treatment slightly prevented the decrease in GSHpx activity and the increase in plasma Lpx level after the exercise, having no effect on SOD and catalase activities. These results suggested that the changes of GSHpx activity in erythrocytes might reflect the protective condition against exercise-induced lipid peroxidation.

A low molecular weight protein was separated from urine samples obtained from a heifer with spontaneous renal disease and from cows with CaNa2EDTA-induced renal dysfunction. The molecular weight and electrophoretic mobility of the separated protein were examined. The low molecular weight protein collected by gel filtration chromatography was further separated into two fractions by ion exchange chromatography using DEAE-cellulose. One of the two fractions, the lowest molecular weight protein showed a single band in SDS-PAGE, and its molecular weight was approximately 12,000. An antiserum against this protein formed a single precipitin line with the urine from cows with experimentally induced renal dysfunction and a heifer with spontaneous renal disease by the double immunodiffusion technique. However, the antiserum did not form any precipitin line with the concentrated urine of healthy cow and human beta 2-microglobulin. In cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, this protein migrated in the same position as that of serum gamma-globulin from healthy cow.