From 1980 into present day, 2020, the evolution of neonatal pain research is told as a journey by one researcher, Celeste Johnston. At the beginning of her work, there was essentially no interest or work in the area. She was fortunate to be led into the area by a clinical problem: how to determine the amount of pain babies in the NICU were experiencing. That question resulted in over three decades of work with neonates. Measuring pain was the first challenge and is one that remains a focus of current research. Initially, the only choices for treating pain in neonates were either opioids or anesthetics, each with problems. Research on sweet taste and more recently on skin‐to‐skin contact has offered effective and safe options for procedural pain. Although progress has been made in the incidence of pain management in infants, it still is far less than it could be. Steps along the way of measurement, treatment, and knowledge utilization are chronicled by this researcher.
{"title":"Neonatal pain: A journey spanning three decades","authors":"C. Johnston","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12020","url":null,"abstract":"From 1980 into present day, 2020, the evolution of neonatal pain research is told as a journey by one researcher, Celeste Johnston. At the beginning of her work, there was essentially no interest or work in the area. She was fortunate to be led into the area by a clinical problem: how to determine the amount of pain babies in the NICU were experiencing. That question resulted in over three decades of work with neonates. Measuring pain was the first challenge and is one that remains a focus of current research. Initially, the only choices for treating pain in neonates were either opioids or anesthetics, each with problems. Research on sweet taste and more recently on skin‐to‐skin contact has offered effective and safe options for procedural pain. Although progress has been made in the incidence of pain management in infants, it still is far less than it could be. Steps along the way of measurement, treatment, and knowledge utilization are chronicled by this researcher.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"274 1","pages":"33 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79991316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Anand, J. Roué, C. Rovnaghi, W. Marx, L. Bornmann
Retrospective evaluations of the historical role of previously published research are often fraught with subjective bias and misrepresentation, which leads to contested scientific claims. This paper investigates the historical roots of infant pain management using novel quantitative methods to identify the published literature and evaluate its relative importance. A bibliometric analysis named “reference publication year spectroscopy” (RPYS), was performed using the program CitedReferencesExplorer (CRExplorer) to avoid the subjectivity associated with comparative evaluations of individual research studies. Web of Science (WoS) search queries on infant‐related synonyms, pain‐related synonyms, and analgesia or anesthesia‐related synonyms were combined using the Boolean operator “AND,” to identify all publications related to pain management in infants. The RPYS analyses were based on 8697 papers in our publication set containing the citations for 86268 references. Selected cited publications were associated with peak citation years in 1951, 1954, 1957, 1965, 1987, 1990, 1997, 1999, and 2000. Subsequent analyses suggested that research on infant pain management made rapid progress during 1982‐1992. Landmark publications were defined as those belonging to the top 10% of the most frequently referenced publications for longer than 25 years. Through this analysis, we identified and ranked 24 landmark publications to illustrate the historical background and early research on infant pain management. From the first‐ever application of RPYS (an objective, reproducible approach to study the early history of any scholarly activity) to pain research, infant pain management appears rooted in the scientific rationale for neonatal pain perception, randomized trials of opioid anesthesia/analgesia, and studies describing the facial expressions and crying activity following heel‐lance procedures in newborns.
对先前发表的研究的历史作用的回顾性评估往往充满了主观偏见和歪曲，这导致了有争议的科学主张。本文调查了历史根源的婴儿疼痛管理使用新的定量方法来识别已发表的文献和评估其相对重要性。使用CitedReferencesExplorer (CRExplorer)程序进行文献计量学分析，名为“参考出版年光谱”(RPYS)，以避免与单个研究的比较评估相关的主观性。Web of Science (WoS)对婴儿相关同义词、疼痛相关同义词、镇痛或麻醉相关同义词的搜索查询使用布尔运算符“and”进行组合，以识别所有与婴儿疼痛管理相关的出版物。RPYS分析基于我们出版物集中的8697篇论文，其中包含86268篇参考文献的引用。所选的被引出版物与1951年、1954年、1957年、1965年、1987年、1990年、1997年、1999年和2000年的引文高峰年份相关。随后的分析表明，对婴儿疼痛管理的研究在1982 - 1992年期间取得了快速进展。具有里程碑意义的出版物被定义为那些在25年以上的最常被引用的出版物中属于前10%的出版物。通过这一分析，我们确定并排名24具有里程碑意义的出版物，以说明婴儿疼痛管理的历史背景和早期研究。从首次应用RPYS(一种客观的、可重复的方法来研究任何学术活动的早期历史)到疼痛研究，婴儿疼痛管理似乎植根于新生儿疼痛感知的科学原理，阿片类药物麻醉/镇痛的随机试验，以及描述新生儿面部表情和哭泣活动的研究。
{"title":"Historical roots of pain management in infants: A bibliometric analysis using reference publication year spectroscopy","authors":"K. Anand, J. Roué, C. Rovnaghi, W. Marx, L. Bornmann","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12035","url":null,"abstract":"Retrospective evaluations of the historical role of previously published research are often fraught with subjective bias and misrepresentation, which leads to contested scientific claims. This paper investigates the historical roots of infant pain management using novel quantitative methods to identify the published literature and evaluate its relative importance. A bibliometric analysis named “reference publication year spectroscopy” (RPYS), was performed using the program CitedReferencesExplorer (CRExplorer) to avoid the subjectivity associated with comparative evaluations of individual research studies. Web of Science (WoS) search queries on infant‐related synonyms, pain‐related synonyms, and analgesia or anesthesia‐related synonyms were combined using the Boolean operator “AND,” to identify all publications related to pain management in infants. The RPYS analyses were based on 8697 papers in our publication set containing the citations for 86268 references. Selected cited publications were associated with peak citation years in 1951, 1954, 1957, 1965, 1987, 1990, 1997, 1999, and 2000. Subsequent analyses suggested that research on infant pain management made rapid progress during 1982‐1992. Landmark publications were defined as those belonging to the top 10% of the most frequently referenced publications for longer than 25 years. Through this analysis, we identified and ranked 24 landmark publications to illustrate the historical background and early research on infant pain management. From the first‐ever application of RPYS (an objective, reproducible approach to study the early history of any scholarly activity) to pain research, infant pain management appears rooted in the scientific rationale for neonatal pain perception, randomized trials of opioid anesthesia/analgesia, and studies describing the facial expressions and crying activity following heel‐lance procedures in newborns.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"36 1","pages":"22 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74600132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
My research and clinical career followed a trajectory of increasing appreciation for the importance of social factors as determinants of pain experience and expression. The social contexts of children’s lives determine whether infants and children are exposed to pain, how socialization in family and ethnocultural contexts lead to pain as a social experience, comprised of thoughts and feelings as well as sensory input, how others shape pain experience and expression, less so for automatic/reflexive features than purposeful representations, and how other's appraisals of children’s pain reflect the observer's unique background and capacities for intervening in the child’s interests. A greater understanding of the social dimensions of pain, as reflected in the social communication model of pain, would support innovation of psychological and social interventions.
{"title":"A child in pain: A psychologist’s perspective on changing priorities in scientific understanding and clinical care","authors":"K. Craig","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12034","url":null,"abstract":"My research and clinical career followed a trajectory of increasing appreciation for the importance of social factors as determinants of pain experience and expression. The social contexts of children’s lives determine whether infants and children are exposed to pain, how socialization in family and ethnocultural contexts lead to pain as a social experience, comprised of thoughts and feelings as well as sensory input, how others shape pain experience and expression, less so for automatic/reflexive features than purposeful representations, and how other's appraisals of children’s pain reflect the observer's unique background and capacities for intervening in the child’s interests. A greater understanding of the social dimensions of pain, as reflected in the social communication model of pain, would support innovation of psychological and social interventions.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"61 1","pages":"40 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84959880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To know where we came from","authors":"R. D. Andersen","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"17 1","pages":"20 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82579962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lara M. Genik, C. McMurtry, P. Barata, C. Barney, Stephen P. Lewis
Pain is common for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It is critical that caregivers have adequate pain assessment and management knowledge. The Let’s Talk About Pain program has shown promise to provide pain‐related knowledge and skills to respite workers; however, more systematic evaluation of the program is needed. This study aims to support Let’s Talk About Pain’s RCT development by using stakeholder input to help determine a feasible approach for collecting behaviorally based outcomes. A secondary aim is to discuss relevant considerations and implications for others in the disability field conducting similar work.
疼痛在智力和发育障碍儿童中很常见。至关重要的是，护理人员有足够的疼痛评估和管理知识。“让我们谈谈疼痛”项目已经显示出向喘息工人提供与疼痛相关的知识和技能的希望;然而，需要对该计划进行更系统的评估。本研究旨在支持Let’s Talk About Pain的随机对照试验开发，通过使用利益相关者的意见来帮助确定收集基于行为的结果的可行方法。第二个目的是讨论在残疾领域进行类似工作的其他人的有关考虑和影响。
{"title":"The importance of feasible outcome evaluations: Developing stakeholder‐informed outcomes in a randomized controlled trial for children’s respite workers receiving pain training","authors":"Lara M. Genik, C. McMurtry, P. Barata, C. Barney, Stephen P. Lewis","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12026","url":null,"abstract":"Pain is common for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It is critical that caregivers have adequate pain assessment and management knowledge. The Let’s Talk About Pain program has shown promise to provide pain‐related knowledge and skills to respite workers; however, more systematic evaluation of the program is needed. This study aims to support Let’s Talk About Pain’s RCT development by using stakeholder input to help determine a feasible approach for collecting behaviorally based outcomes. A secondary aim is to discuss relevant considerations and implications for others in the disability field conducting similar work.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"431 1","pages":"12 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83678886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana Bueno, B. Stevens, Megha Rao, Shirin Riahi, Alexa Lanese, Shelly-Anne Li
The Implementation of Infant Pain Practice (ImPaC) Resource is an eHealth tool designed to support infant pain practice change and ultimately enhance pain outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine users' perspectives on usability, acceptability, and feasibility of the ImPaC Resource. A descriptive prospective mixed‐methods quality improvement study was conducted at a pediatric hospital in Canada. Individual “think aloud” interviews were conducted in a nonclinical environment (Phase A); “near live” testing was conducted while users interacted with the Resource in clinical setting (Phase B); individual “think‐aloud” interviews were conducted in a nonclinical environment (Phase C). Outcomes included usability (System Usability Scale—SUS), acceptability (Acceptability E‐Scale—AES), and feasibility. Interview transcripts were coded per a priori themes using deductive content analysis to create a structured categorization matrix. In Phase A, 10 clinicians interacted with the Resource in individual sessions. Median SUS score was 73.75 (range 52.5‐92.5). In Phase B, four clinicians implemented the Resource in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) over 4 months. Median SUS score was 85 (82.5‐92.5), and median AES score was 24 (21‐24). In Phase C, an enhanced prototype was produced, and the same users from Phase B navigated the Resource in individual sessions. Median SUS score was 88.75 (85‐95), and median AES score was 27.5 (25‐29). Users considered the Resource as feasible for implementation, easy to navigate, engaging, intuitive, comprehensive, and evidence‐based. Users highlighted the potential transferability of the Resource to other contexts and settings. The enhanced version of the ImPaC Resource was usable, acceptable, feasible, and met users' expectations and requirements. Results lead the way for evaluation of the Resource in a nationwide cluster randomized trial including 18 NICUs. This knowledge‐rich platform is expected to enhance infant pain practices and outcomes in diverse clinical settings.
{"title":"Usability, acceptability, and feasibility of the Implementation of Infant Pain Practice Change (ImPaC) Resource","authors":"Mariana Bueno, B. Stevens, Megha Rao, Shirin Riahi, Alexa Lanese, Shelly-Anne Li","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12027","url":null,"abstract":"The Implementation of Infant Pain Practice (ImPaC) Resource is an eHealth tool designed to support infant pain practice change and ultimately enhance pain outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine users' perspectives on usability, acceptability, and feasibility of the ImPaC Resource. A descriptive prospective mixed‐methods quality improvement study was conducted at a pediatric hospital in Canada. Individual “think aloud” interviews were conducted in a nonclinical environment (Phase A); “near live” testing was conducted while users interacted with the Resource in clinical setting (Phase B); individual “think‐aloud” interviews were conducted in a nonclinical environment (Phase C). Outcomes included usability (System Usability Scale—SUS), acceptability (Acceptability E‐Scale—AES), and feasibility. Interview transcripts were coded per a priori themes using deductive content analysis to create a structured categorization matrix. In Phase A, 10 clinicians interacted with the Resource in individual sessions. Median SUS score was 73.75 (range 52.5‐92.5). In Phase B, four clinicians implemented the Resource in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) over 4 months. Median SUS score was 85 (82.5‐92.5), and median AES score was 24 (21‐24). In Phase C, an enhanced prototype was produced, and the same users from Phase B navigated the Resource in individual sessions. Median SUS score was 88.75 (85‐95), and median AES score was 27.5 (25‐29). Users considered the Resource as feasible for implementation, easy to navigate, engaging, intuitive, comprehensive, and evidence‐based. Users highlighted the potential transferability of the Resource to other contexts and settings. The enhanced version of the ImPaC Resource was usable, acceptable, feasible, and met users' expectations and requirements. Results lead the way for evaluation of the Resource in a nationwide cluster randomized trial including 18 NICUs. This knowledge‐rich platform is expected to enhance infant pain practices and outcomes in diverse clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"4 1","pages":"82 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79112216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Latimer, J. Sylliboy, J. Francis, Sharon Amey, S. Rudderham, G. Finley, E. MacLeod, K. Paul
To achieve health, Indigenous people seek a life that balances mental, spiritual, emotional, and physical wellness, yet the scope of these four dimensions is not typically considered in the Western‐based health system. Indigenous people experience ongoing pain and hurt in all these dimensions as a result of a colonial legacy that persists in current‐day policy and care contexts. Exploring ways to support Indigenous people to embrace ways of being well and reducing chronic pain has not been a priority area in health research. This community‐based, qualitative study in four First Nations communities involved conversation sessions with 188 First Nations children, youth, parents, and Elders and 32 professionals who practice in those communities. The purpose was to gather perspectives related to pain expression, care experiences, and the strategies to improve the healthcare encounter. Thematic analysis was used to identify a more culturally thoughtful approach for clinicians to consider when First Nations people seek care. Two‐Eyed Seeing consisting of four iterative steps was used to co‐create the FIRST approach validating for community members that their perspectives were heard and providing a clinical approach for culturally safe practices with children, youth, and families. An overarching theme in the results was a clearer understanding about how pain and hurt translate into participants' health experiences and their desire to have their knowledge reflected in their health care. Participants describe experiencing pain and hurt in all four dimensions of health and from a historical, cultural, and spiritual identity, as well as from a community, family, and individual perspective. The FIRST approach captures Indigenous knowledge relating to Family, Information, Relationship, Safe‐Space, and Two‐Eyed treatment in the healthcare encounter. Considerations of this approach in clinical practice could enhance respectful and trusting relationships, knowledge exchange for better care experiences, and potentially improvement of culturally sensitive outcomes for Indigenous people.
{"title":"Co‐creating better healthcare experiences for First Nations children and youth: The FIRST approach emerges from Two‐Eyed seeing","authors":"M. Latimer, J. Sylliboy, J. Francis, Sharon Amey, S. Rudderham, G. Finley, E. MacLeod, K. Paul","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12024","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve health, Indigenous people seek a life that balances mental, spiritual, emotional, and physical wellness, yet the scope of these four dimensions is not typically considered in the Western‐based health system. Indigenous people experience ongoing pain and hurt in all these dimensions as a result of a colonial legacy that persists in current‐day policy and care contexts. Exploring ways to support Indigenous people to embrace ways of being well and reducing chronic pain has not been a priority area in health research. This community‐based, qualitative study in four First Nations communities involved conversation sessions with 188 First Nations children, youth, parents, and Elders and 32 professionals who practice in those communities. The purpose was to gather perspectives related to pain expression, care experiences, and the strategies to improve the healthcare encounter. Thematic analysis was used to identify a more culturally thoughtful approach for clinicians to consider when First Nations people seek care. Two‐Eyed Seeing consisting of four iterative steps was used to co‐create the FIRST approach validating for community members that their perspectives were heard and providing a clinical approach for culturally safe practices with children, youth, and families. An overarching theme in the results was a clearer understanding about how pain and hurt translate into participants' health experiences and their desire to have their knowledge reflected in their health care. Participants describe experiencing pain and hurt in all four dimensions of health and from a historical, cultural, and spiritual identity, as well as from a community, family, and individual perspective. The FIRST approach captures Indigenous knowledge relating to Family, Information, Relationship, Safe‐Space, and Two‐Eyed treatment in the healthcare encounter. Considerations of this approach in clinical practice could enhance respectful and trusting relationships, knowledge exchange for better care experiences, and potentially improvement of culturally sensitive outcomes for Indigenous people.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"10 1","pages":"104 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82080808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ligyana Korki de Candido, D. Harrison, Maria de La Ó Ramallo Veríssimo, Mariana Bueno
The “Be sweet to babies” video is a knowledge translation tool targeted at parents on the use of analgesic strategies during painful procedures performed in neonates. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Portuguese version of this video on maternal involvement in neonatal pain management during the newborn screening blood test. Nonrandomized, pragmatic clinical trial. The study was conducted in a rooming‐in unit. All mothers received a pamphlet regarding neonatal pain management and were invited to participate in daily education sessions conducted by nurses, which included the video. The intervention group included mothers who voluntarily watched the video, while the control group was comprised of mothers who did not attend the education sessions or left the session before watching the video. Data were collected by interviews conducted by the research team. Descriptive and inferential analysis considered a confidence interval of 95%. A total of 73 mothers were included in the study. Analgesic strategies were used in 14 (40%) of the procedures in the intervention group and 9 (24%) in the control group, a clinically important difference of 16% points between groups, although no statistically significant difference was found (P = .13). Breastfeeding was the most commonly used strategy. Watching the video increased the chance of implementing analgesic strategies by 2.1 times (P = .19), while nurses suggesting the use of analgesia increased this chance by 5.5 times (P = .006). Although no statistical significance was found, the results suggest the clinical significance and feasibility of the “Be sweet to babies” video as a KT tool targeted at parents on neonatal pain management during nonurgent painful procedures. In addition, maternal involvement in pain care significantly increased when pain relief strategies were recommended by nurses, which suggests that nurses have a key role in facilitating parental participation.
{"title":"Effectiveness of a parent‐targeted video on neonatal pain management: Nonrandomized pragmatic trial","authors":"Ligyana Korki de Candido, D. Harrison, Maria de La Ó Ramallo Veríssimo, Mariana Bueno","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12023","url":null,"abstract":"The “Be sweet to babies” video is a knowledge translation tool targeted at parents on the use of analgesic strategies during painful procedures performed in neonates. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Portuguese version of this video on maternal involvement in neonatal pain management during the newborn screening blood test. Nonrandomized, pragmatic clinical trial. The study was conducted in a rooming‐in unit. All mothers received a pamphlet regarding neonatal pain management and were invited to participate in daily education sessions conducted by nurses, which included the video. The intervention group included mothers who voluntarily watched the video, while the control group was comprised of mothers who did not attend the education sessions or left the session before watching the video. Data were collected by interviews conducted by the research team. Descriptive and inferential analysis considered a confidence interval of 95%. A total of 73 mothers were included in the study. Analgesic strategies were used in 14 (40%) of the procedures in the intervention group and 9 (24%) in the control group, a clinically important difference of 16% points between groups, although no statistically significant difference was found (P = .13). Breastfeeding was the most commonly used strategy. Watching the video increased the chance of implementing analgesic strategies by 2.1 times (P = .19), while nurses suggesting the use of analgesia increased this chance by 5.5 times (P = .006). Although no statistical significance was found, the results suggest the clinical significance and feasibility of the “Be sweet to babies” video as a KT tool targeted at parents on neonatal pain management during nonurgent painful procedures. In addition, maternal involvement in pain care significantly increased when pain relief strategies were recommended by nurses, which suggests that nurses have a key role in facilitating parental participation.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"12 1","pages":"74 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82081675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The Be Sweet to Babies video demonstrates the analgesic effects of breastfeeding, skin‐to‐skin care, and sweet‐tasting solutions as interventions to reduce pain during blood sampling in newborns. Although effective and safe, these strategies are implemented inconsistently in clinical settings. Given the increasing popularity of social media, there is a potential to disseminate and promote health information through it. The study aim was to evaluate the use of Facebook as a means of disseminating the Be Sweet to Babies video in Portuguese, and to evaluate respondents’ prior knowledge, previous use of the three pain management strategies and intent to use the strategies in the future. We conducted a cross‐sectional study, using the “virtual snowball” sampling method. A Facebook webpage was created, in which the video was posted along with a brief survey. Data analyzed included number of views and visits to the page, number of views of the video, likes, dislikes, and survey responses. One year after posting, the page had 70 753 views and 2199 accesses; there were 1553 “likes”, no dislikes, and 43 positive comments. The survey was completed by 930 respondents (42% response rate based on the page access). Over two thirds of the respondents had previous knowledge about breastfeeding, skin‐to‐skin care, and sweet solutions for pain relief. After watching the video, 87% of the respondents intended to use breastfeeding or skin‐to‐skin care in the future, and 71% intended to use sweet solutions. Almost all viewers rated the video as very useful (n = 917, 99%), easy to understand (n = 926, 99%), and easy to apply in real‐life situations (n = 903, 97%). Using Facebook to deliver and evaluate an intervention is feasible, rapid in obtaining responses, low cost, and it is promising for data collection and knowledge dissemination. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the actual impact of the use of social media in practice change.
该视频演示了母乳喂养、皮肤对皮肤护理和甜味解决方案作为干预措施，以减少新生儿采血时的疼痛。尽管这些策略有效且安全，但在临床环境中实施的不一致。鉴于社交媒体的日益普及，有可能通过它传播和促进健康信息。本研究的目的是评估使用Facebook作为传播葡萄牙语“Be Sweet to Babies”视频的手段，并评估受访者的先验知识、之前使用的三种疼痛管理策略以及未来使用这些策略的意图。我们采用“虚拟雪球”抽样方法进行了横断面研究。他们在Facebook上建立了一个网页，并在上面发布了这段视频和一份简短的调查。分析的数据包括页面的浏览量和访问量、视频的浏览量、喜欢、不喜欢和调查反馈。发布一年后，该页面有70753次浏览和2199次访问;有1553个“喜欢”，没有不喜欢，有43个积极的评论。调查由930名受访者完成(基于页面访问的回复率为42%)。超过三分之二的受访者以前对母乳喂养、皮肤对皮肤护理和甜蜜的止痛溶液有过了解。在看完视频后，87%的受访者打算在未来使用母乳喂养或皮肤对皮肤的护理，71%的人打算使用甜溶液。几乎所有的观众都认为该视频非常有用(n = 917,99%)，易于理解(n = 926,99%)，并且易于在现实生活中应用(n = 903,97%)。使用Facebook提供和评估干预措施是可行的，获得响应迅速，成本低，并且在数据收集和知识传播方面很有前景。需要进一步的研究来评估使用社交媒体对实践变化的实际影响。
{"title":"“Be sweet to babies”: Use of Facebook as a method of knowledge dissemination and data collection in the reduction of neonatal pain","authors":"A. C. Vieira, Mariana Bueno, D. Harrison","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Be Sweet to Babies video demonstrates the analgesic effects of breastfeeding, skin‐to‐skin care, and sweet‐tasting solutions as interventions to reduce pain during blood sampling in newborns. Although effective and safe, these strategies are implemented inconsistently in clinical settings. Given the increasing popularity of social media, there is a potential to disseminate and promote health information through it. The study aim was to evaluate the use of Facebook as a means of disseminating the Be Sweet to Babies video in Portuguese, and to evaluate respondents’ prior knowledge, previous use of the three pain management strategies and intent to use the strategies in the future. We conducted a cross‐sectional study, using the “virtual snowball” sampling method. A Facebook webpage was created, in which the video was posted along with a brief survey. Data analyzed included number of views and visits to the page, number of views of the video, likes, dislikes, and survey responses. One year after posting, the page had 70 753 views and 2199 accesses; there were 1553 “likes”, no dislikes, and 43 positive comments. The survey was completed by 930 respondents (42% response rate based on the page access). Over two thirds of the respondents had previous knowledge about breastfeeding, skin‐to‐skin care, and sweet solutions for pain relief. After watching the video, 87% of the respondents intended to use breastfeeding or skin‐to‐skin care in the future, and 71% intended to use sweet solutions. Almost all viewers rated the video as very useful (n = 917, 99%), easy to understand (n = 926, 99%), and easy to apply in real‐life situations (n = 903, 97%). Using Facebook to deliver and evaluate an intervention is feasible, rapid in obtaining responses, low cost, and it is promising for data collection and knowledge dissemination. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the actual impact of the use of social media in practice change.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"38 1","pages":"93 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86246962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding of infant pain has been transformed in the past 30 years. From assumptions that newborns were insensitive to pain, fundamental work established not only the infants perceive pain, but also there are critical windows in which pain can have long‐lasting consequences. My multidisciplinary work revealed that repetitive pain exposure during the late 2nd and 3rd trimesters of fetal life “ex‐utero” in infants born very preterm is related to long‐term adverse associations with altered brain development, programming of stress systems, and thereby neurodevelopment. Here, influences will be described, discovery research summarized, and evidence of biological pathways proposed.
{"title":"Personal perspectives: Infant pain—A multidisciplinary journey","authors":"R. Grunau","doi":"10.1002/pne2.12017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pne2.12017","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding of infant pain has been transformed in the past 30 years. From assumptions that newborns were insensitive to pain, fundamental work established not only the infants perceive pain, but also there are critical windows in which pain can have long‐lasting consequences. My multidisciplinary work revealed that repetitive pain exposure during the late 2nd and 3rd trimesters of fetal life “ex‐utero” in infants born very preterm is related to long‐term adverse associations with altered brain development, programming of stress systems, and thereby neurodevelopment. Here, influences will be described, discovery research summarized, and evidence of biological pathways proposed.","PeriodicalId":19634,"journal":{"name":"Paediatric & Neonatal Pain","volume":"49 1","pages":"50 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83066223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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