H. Sachdeva, Rekha Saroj, S. Khaturia, Diksha Dwivedi
A multicomponent one-pot clean cyclocondensation reaction of 4-chloro-2-nitro aniline/amino acids and aromatic aldehydes/indole-2,3-diones with thiosemicarbazide in water yielding triazole/spiro indole-triazole derivatives in high yields and shorter reaction time and displaying excellent florescent property is reported. The developed MCR may provide a valuable practical tool for the synthesis of new drugs containing the title core fragment. All the newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and fluorescence study and also been screened for antimicrobial activity.
{"title":"Environ-Economic Synthesis and Characterization of Some New 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Organic Fluorescent Materials and Potent Fungicidal Agents","authors":"H. Sachdeva, Rekha Saroj, S. Khaturia, Diksha Dwivedi","doi":"10.1155/2013/659107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/659107","url":null,"abstract":"A multicomponent one-pot clean cyclocondensation reaction of 4-chloro-2-nitro aniline/amino acids and aromatic aldehydes/indole-2,3-diones with thiosemicarbazide in water yielding triazole/spiro indole-triazole derivatives in high yields and shorter reaction time and displaying excellent florescent property is reported. The developed MCR may provide a valuable practical tool for the synthesis of new drugs containing the title core fragment. All the newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and fluorescence study and also been screened for antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78157856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
,-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones are regioselectively reduced to the corresponding allylic alcohols with /Ba system in CH3CN. This system is also efficient for the chemoselective reduction of enals in the presence of enones at room temperature.
{"title":"Regioselective and Chemoselective Reduction of ,-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds by /Ba as a Reducing System","authors":"Mina Mohamadi, D. Setamdideh, B. Khezri","doi":"10.1155/2013/127585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/127585","url":null,"abstract":",-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones are regioselectively reduced to the corresponding allylic alcohols with /Ba system in CH3CN. This system is also efficient for the chemoselective reduction of enals in the presence of enones at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85205258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review article deals with synthesis and reactions of benzo[1,5]thiazepines and the related derivatives and their applications, biological activity as well as spectroscopic data. Most of the reported data on the methods of synthesis, chemical reactions, and biological activity of these heterocycles published over the last ten years are reviewed in this paper.
{"title":"Benzo[1,5]thiazepine: Synthesis, Reactions, Spectroscopy, and Applications","authors":"K. El-Bayouki","doi":"10.1155/2013/210474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/210474","url":null,"abstract":"This review article deals with synthesis and reactions of benzo[1,5]thiazepines and the related derivatives and their applications, biological activity as well as spectroscopic data. Most of the reported data on the methods of synthesis, chemical reactions, and biological activity of these heterocycles published over the last ten years are reviewed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84546745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herb native of Asia. This plant has been used for many centuries in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of fever and malaria. Conventional methods for the extraction of artemisinin from A. annua including solvent extraction, Soxhlet extraction, and heat reflux extraction are characterized by long extraction times and the consumption of large volume of solvents. A simple, rapid, and precise microwave-assisted extraction process was optimized for fast sample preparation for the faster quantitative determination of artemisinin, potential new generation antimalarial drug, from dried leaves of Artemisia annua L. A simple experiment was designed for the optimization of the appropriate solvent under same extraction conditions. The selected appropriate solvent was then standardized for various different extraction variables. The major parameters studied showed effects on extraction efficiency including processing time, strength of microwave, moisture content, volume and nature of the solvent. The most favorable conditions were obtained by using plant material of 25 mesh (particle size) extracted with acetone for 120 seconds at 160 W (i.e., 20% of total power). Quantitative analysis was performed using thin-layer chromatography coupled with a densitometer (TLC densitometry). The results showed that MAE can be used as an efficient and rapid method for the extraction of the active components from plants.
{"title":"Microwave-Assisted Extraction Studies of Target Analyte Artemisinin from Dried Leaves of Artemisia annua L.","authors":"H. Misra, D. Mehta, B. K. Mehta, D. C. Jain","doi":"10.1155/2013/163028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/163028","url":null,"abstract":"Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herb native of Asia. This plant has been used for many centuries in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of fever and malaria. Conventional methods for the extraction of artemisinin from A. annua including solvent extraction, Soxhlet extraction, and heat reflux extraction are characterized by long extraction times and the consumption of large volume of solvents. A simple, rapid, and precise microwave-assisted extraction process was optimized for fast sample preparation for the faster quantitative determination of artemisinin, potential new generation antimalarial drug, from dried leaves of Artemisia annua L. A simple experiment was designed for the optimization of the appropriate solvent under same extraction conditions. The selected appropriate solvent was then standardized for various different extraction variables. The major parameters studied showed effects on extraction efficiency including processing time, strength of microwave, moisture content, volume and nature of the solvent. The most favorable conditions were obtained by using plant material of 25 mesh (particle size) extracted with acetone for 120 seconds at 160 W (i.e., 20% of total power). Quantitative analysis was performed using thin-layer chromatography coupled with a densitometer (TLC densitometry). The results showed that MAE can be used as an efficient and rapid method for the extraction of the active components from plants.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78473273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mechanisms of synergistic biological effects observed in the simultaneous use of aromatic heterocyclic compounds in combination are reviewed, and the specific biological role of heteroassociation of aromatic molecules is discussed.
{"title":"Physicochemical Mechanisms of Synergistic Biological Action of Combinations of Aromatic Heterocyclic Compounds","authors":"M. Evstigneev","doi":"10.1155/2013/278143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/278143","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanisms of synergistic biological effects observed in the simultaneous use of aromatic heterocyclic compounds in combination are reviewed, and the specific biological role of heteroassociation of aromatic molecules is discussed.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75894792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new synthesis of hydroxytriarylmethane derived from the reaction of 2-sulfobenzoic anhydride and phenols in the presence of heteropolyacids as green, reusable, and efficient catalyst (using catalytic amount) under ultrasonic irradiation is reported in this paper.
{"title":"Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of Hydroxytriarylmethanes under Ultra Sonic Irradiation Using Keggin Heteropolyacids and Preyssler Catalysts in Green Conditions","authors":"H. Hamidian","doi":"10.1155/2013/502343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/502343","url":null,"abstract":"A new synthesis of hydroxytriarylmethane derived from the reaction of 2-sulfobenzoic anhydride and phenols in the presence of heteropolyacids as green, reusable, and efficient catalyst (using catalytic amount) under ultrasonic irradiation is reported in this paper.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83039824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nadeem, M. Shah, Kiramat Shah, Akhtar Mohammad, Burhan Khan
4,4′-(1,3-Phenylenebis(oxy))dianiline 1 is an aromatic diamine compound and has been very less utilized in the organic synthesis. Different diimines and diamides were synthesized by reacting compound 1 with aromatic and heterocyclic compounds having different functionalities. These longer electron rich spacer molecules were synthesized to utilize them in the near future in making macrocycles of different sizes and functionalities. A hydrazide was also prepared from a diamide spacer molecule containing ester group. A diamide prepared containing nibrobenzene moiety was further reduced to amine to obtain longer spacer diamine molecule than the starting molecule 1.
{"title":"Synthesis of Diamides and Diimines Derived from 4,4 -(1,3-Phenylenebis(oxy))dianiline, Units for Symmetrical Macrocycles","authors":"S. Nadeem, M. Shah, Kiramat Shah, Akhtar Mohammad, Burhan Khan","doi":"10.1155/2012/279097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/279097","url":null,"abstract":"4,4′-(1,3-Phenylenebis(oxy))dianiline 1 is an aromatic diamine compound and has been very less utilized in the organic synthesis. Different diimines and diamides were synthesized by reacting compound 1 with aromatic and heterocyclic compounds having different functionalities. These longer electron rich spacer molecules were synthesized to utilize them in the near future in making macrocycles of different sizes and functionalities. A hydrazide was also prepared from a diamide spacer molecule containing ester group. A diamide prepared containing nibrobenzene moiety was further reduced to amine to obtain longer spacer diamine molecule than the starting molecule 1.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80870362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A rapid, efficient, and solvent-free methodology for synthesis of exocyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones of the categories E-3-arylidene-4-chromanones, E-2-arylidene-1-tetralones, E-2-arylidene-1-indanones, E-3-cinnamylidene-4-chromanones, E-2-cinnamylidene-1-tetralones, E-2-cinnamylidene-1-indanones, α,α′-(E,E)-bis(arylidene)-cycloalkanones, and α,α′-(E,E)-bis(cinnamylidene)-cycloalkanones has been developed through cross-aldol condensation of the constituent cyclic ketones and aldehydes by microwave irradiation over anhydrous potassium carbonate. However, for condensation of 1-thio-4-chromanones with aromatic aldehydes by this method, the initially formed exocyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone has been found to undergo isomerization yielding 3-(arylmethyl)thiochromones.
{"title":"An Expeditious and Safe Synthesis of Some Exocyclic α,β-Unsaturated Ketones by Microwave-Assisted Condensation of Cyclic Ketones with Aromatic Aldehydes over Anhydrous Potassium Carbonate","authors":"R. Mondal, T. Mandal, A. Mallik","doi":"10.1155/2012/456097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/456097","url":null,"abstract":"A rapid, efficient, and solvent-free methodology for synthesis of exocyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones of the categories E-3-arylidene-4-chromanones, E-2-arylidene-1-tetralones, E-2-arylidene-1-indanones, E-3-cinnamylidene-4-chromanones, E-2-cinnamylidene-1-tetralones, E-2-cinnamylidene-1-indanones, α,α′-(E,E)-bis(arylidene)-cycloalkanones, and α,α′-(E,E)-bis(cinnamylidene)-cycloalkanones has been developed through cross-aldol condensation of the constituent cyclic ketones and aldehydes by microwave irradiation over anhydrous potassium carbonate. However, for condensation of 1-thio-4-chromanones with aromatic aldehydes by this method, the initially formed exocyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone has been found to undergo isomerization yielding 3-(arylmethyl)thiochromones.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77924725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Reddy, Mukka Satish Kumar, Marri Venkateshwarlu
Environmentally benign mortar-pestle-induced practical methods have been developed for the acylation and O-alkylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds under solventfree micellar conditions, which were found to efficiently afford moderate to excellent yields of products.
{"title":"Environmentally Benign Mortar-Pestle-Induced Acylation and O-Alkylation of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Compounds under Solvent-Free Micellar Conditions and Computation of Their Drug Likeliness Properties","authors":"K. Reddy, Mukka Satish Kumar, Marri Venkateshwarlu","doi":"10.1155/2012/647386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/647386","url":null,"abstract":"Environmentally benign mortar-pestle-induced practical methods have been developed for the acylation and O-alkylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds under solventfree micellar conditions, which were found to efficiently afford moderate to excellent yields of products.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87757630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An efficient synthesis of 3-benzyl-substituted 7H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimine-7-ones in acetonitrile is accomplished via Pd- and Cu-catalyzed reaction of 2-mercaptopropargylpyrimidone with various aryl iodides in the presence of triethylamine as the base.
以三乙胺为底物，钯和铜催化2-巯基丙基吡啶酮与各种芳基碘化物在乙腈中高效合成了3-苄基取代的7- h -噻唑[3,2-a]嘧啶-7- 1。
{"title":"Regioselective Syntheses of 3-Benzyl-Substituted 7H-Thiazolo(3,2-a)pyrimidine-7-ones through Palladium-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of Acetylenic Compounds","authors":"M. Bakherad, Farzaneh Gholipoor","doi":"10.1155/2012/956584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/956584","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient synthesis of 3-benzyl-substituted 7H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimine-7-ones in acetonitrile is accomplished via Pd- and Cu-catalyzed reaction of 2-mercaptopropargylpyrimidone with various aryl iodides in the presence of triethylamine as the base.","PeriodicalId":19688,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86834274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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