This paper is concerned with the application of the boundary element method (BEM) with the analog equation method (AEM), proposed by Katsikadelis and Nerantzaki, and Green's theorem to analyze steady-state heat conduction in anisotropic solids. In this study, the linear differential operator (the Laplacian) of steady-state heat conduction in isotropic solids is extracted from the governing differential equation. The integral equation formulated employs the fundamental solution of the Laplace equation for isotropic solids, and therefore, from the anisotropic part of the governing differential equation, a domain integral appears in the boundary integral equation. This domain integral is transformed into boundary integrals using Green's theorem with a polynomial function. The mathematical formulation of this approach for two-dimensional problems is presented in detail. The proposed solution is applied to two typical examples, and the validity and other numerical properties of the proposed BEM are demonstrated in the discussion of the results obtained.
{"title":"Analysis of Two-Dimensional Steady-State Heat Conduction in Anisotropic Solids by Boundary Element Method Using Analog Equation Method and Green's Theorem","authors":"S. Ishiguro, Hiromichi Nakajima, Masataka Tanaka","doi":"10.1299/JCST.3.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.3.66","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the application of the boundary element method (BEM) with the analog equation method (AEM), proposed by Katsikadelis and Nerantzaki, and Green's theorem to analyze steady-state heat conduction in anisotropic solids. In this study, the linear differential operator (the Laplacian) of steady-state heat conduction in isotropic solids is extracted from the governing differential equation. The integral equation formulated employs the fundamental solution of the Laplace equation for isotropic solids, and therefore, from the anisotropic part of the governing differential equation, a domain integral appears in the boundary integral equation. This domain integral is transformed into boundary integrals using Green's theorem with a polynomial function. The mathematical formulation of this approach for two-dimensional problems is presented in detail. The proposed solution is applied to two typical examples, and the validity and other numerical properties of the proposed BEM are demonstrated in the discussion of the results obtained.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114523355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes an analytical method to determine the stress distribution in an elastic body using the stress measured on the surface. The basic equation is derived from the boundary integral equation approach introducing a point source which produces displacement and stress fields in an elastic body. The point source is called as a body force dipole and composed of two body forces with identical magnitude acting in the opposite directions at the same location. The fundamental solutions on the displacement and stress fields by a body force dipole are derived theoretically and confirmed numerically that it produces the same fields generated by a pair of body forces. The input condition are then discussed how the location, the number and the components of known surface stress effect on the accuracy of the body force distribution. The results show that the tangential component of normal stress measured on the surface should be used alone in the inverse analysis.
{"title":"Study on the Inverse Analysis of Body Force Dipole Distribution Using Surface Stresses","authors":"M. Asano, Toshiyuki Saito","doi":"10.1299/JCST.3.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.3.115","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an analytical method to determine the stress distribution in an elastic body using the stress measured on the surface. The basic equation is derived from the boundary integral equation approach introducing a point source which produces displacement and stress fields in an elastic body. The point source is called as a body force dipole and composed of two body forces with identical magnitude acting in the opposite directions at the same location. The fundamental solutions on the displacement and stress fields by a body force dipole are derived theoretically and confirmed numerically that it produces the same fields generated by a pair of body forces. The input condition are then discussed how the location, the number and the components of known surface stress effect on the accuracy of the body force distribution. The results show that the tangential component of normal stress measured on the surface should be used alone in the inverse analysis.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126178315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During car frontal crash, crush energy is absorbed by the parts of front bumper, front side member, front panel member and so on. Previous research has indicated that front side member plays major role in energy absorption. For protecting the passengers, the front side member is expected to absorb crush energy as much as possible. In this study, we adopt cylindrical thin-walled structure using origami engineering as front side member instead of structure with rectangular cross section which is generally used. We develop an optimization system of the cylindrical thin-walled origami structure, in which the objective function is to maximize the energy absorption of origami structure; the design variables are structural parameter, number of divisional sections along axis, number of edges of polygonal cross section and number of subdivision levels; the weight and initial peak load of optimal structure must be less than those of structure with rectangular cross section. We then discuss the optimization results that the optimal structure is capable of absorbing energy 91% more than that of original rectangular cross sectional structure which is usually bended on the way of being crushed, 37% more than that of original structure which is ideally crushed to 70% length without bending.
{"title":"Shape Optimization to Improve Energy Absorption Ability of Cylindrical Thin-Walled Origami Structure","authors":"Xilu Zhao, Yabo Hu, I. Hagiwara","doi":"10.1299/JCST.5.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.5.148","url":null,"abstract":"During car frontal crash, crush energy is absorbed by the parts of front bumper, front side member, front panel member and so on. Previous research has indicated that front side member plays major role in energy absorption. For protecting the passengers, the front side member is expected to absorb crush energy as much as possible. In this study, we adopt cylindrical thin-walled structure using origami engineering as front side member instead of structure with rectangular cross section which is generally used. We develop an optimization system of the cylindrical thin-walled origami structure, in which the objective function is to maximize the energy absorption of origami structure; the design variables are structural parameter, number of divisional sections along axis, number of edges of polygonal cross section and number of subdivision levels; the weight and initial peak load of optimal structure must be less than those of structure with rectangular cross section. We then discuss the optimization results that the optimal structure is capable of absorbing energy 91% more than that of original rectangular cross sectional structure which is usually bended on the way of being crushed, 37% more than that of original structure which is ideally crushed to 70% length without bending.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128120754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Kawamura, T. Sumigawa, T. Kitamura, T. Kugimiya, T. Kawakami
A gold (Au) micro-interconnection, which connects through-hole electrodes in a three-dimensional chip-stacking LSI, is composed of several tens of grains. If the size of the interconnection becomes small in comparison with the grain, the anisotropic property of grains influences mechanical reliability. In this study, the stress distribution in the Au micro-interconnection is investigated by finite element method (FEM) analysis. The crystallographic structure of the Au micro-interconnection is obtained by a three-dimensional simulation based on a nucleation and growth model. The FEM analysis shows that the stress is concentrated on the region near the micro- interconnection/substrate interface edge and that a stress singularity exists there. The stress distribution of the micro-interconnection varies because of microscopic factors, which are due to the shape and crystallographic orientation of grains. Statistical evaluations of plural analytical models show that the stress variation approximates a normal distribution.
{"title":"Analysis of Stress Distribution in Au Micro-Interconnection by Polycrystalline Models","authors":"Y. Kawamura, T. Sumigawa, T. Kitamura, T. Kugimiya, T. Kawakami","doi":"10.1299/JCST.3.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.3.159","url":null,"abstract":"A gold (Au) micro-interconnection, which connects through-hole electrodes in a three-dimensional chip-stacking LSI, is composed of several tens of grains. If the size of the interconnection becomes small in comparison with the grain, the anisotropic property of grains influences mechanical reliability. In this study, the stress distribution in the Au micro-interconnection is investigated by finite element method (FEM) analysis. The crystallographic structure of the Au micro-interconnection is obtained by a three-dimensional simulation based on a nucleation and growth model. The FEM analysis shows that the stress is concentrated on the region near the micro- interconnection/substrate interface edge and that a stress singularity exists there. The stress distribution of the micro-interconnection varies because of microscopic factors, which are due to the shape and crystallographic orientation of grains. Statistical evaluations of plural analytical models show that the stress variation approximates a normal distribution.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125892103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As regard to car frontal crash, previous research has indicated that front side member plays major role in energy absorption. For protecting the passengers, the front side member is expected to absorb crash energy as much as possible. In this study, we investigated the crash characteristics of half cut type side member structure by optimal design method to improve the performance for energy absorption. We developed an automatic optimal design system, in which the analysis meshes are generated with a group of design parameters and shape optimization is carried out automatically. The design variables are side member cross section shape, spot welding pitch length, divisional section number and radius difference along the axial direction, and the number of subdivision levels. As the result, the optimal side member structure with half cut type is capable of absorbing 1.44 times (1.29 times per unit mass) more energy than the original rectangular cross sectional side member structure with half cut type which is generally used.
{"title":"Study on Crash Characteristics of Half Cut Type Vehicle Side Member Structure of Energy Absorption Ability by Using Origami Engineering","authors":"Xilu Zhao, Yabo Hu, I. Hagiwara","doi":"10.1299/JCST.5.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.5.13","url":null,"abstract":"As regard to car frontal crash, previous research has indicated that front side member plays major role in energy absorption. For protecting the passengers, the front side member is expected to absorb crash energy as much as possible. In this study, we investigated the crash characteristics of half cut type side member structure by optimal design method to improve the performance for energy absorption. We developed an automatic optimal design system, in which the analysis meshes are generated with a group of design parameters and shape optimization is carried out automatically. The design variables are side member cross section shape, spot welding pitch length, divisional section number and radius difference along the axial direction, and the number of subdivision levels. As the result, the optimal side member structure with half cut type is capable of absorbing 1.44 times (1.29 times per unit mass) more energy than the original rectangular cross sectional side member structure with half cut type which is generally used.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125900949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inthispaper, we propose astress-basedcrossover (SX)operatorto solvethe checkerboardlike material distributation and disconnected topology that is common for simple geneticalgorithm(SGA)tostructuraltopologyoptimizationproblems(STOPs). Apenalty function is defined to evaluate the fitness of each individual. A number of constrained problems are adopted to experiment the effectiveness of SX for STOPs. Comparison of 2-point crossover (2X) with SX indicates that SX can markedly suppress the checkerboard-like material distributionphenomena. Comparison of evolutionarystructural optimization (ESO) and SX demonstrates the global search ability and flexibility of SX. Experiments of a Michell-type problem verifies the effectiveness of SX for STOPs. For a multi-loaded problem, SX searches out alternate solutions on the same parameters that shows the global search ability of GA.
{"title":"Stress-based Crossover Operator for Structural Topology Optimization ∗","authors":"Cuimin Li, T. Hiroyasu, M. Miki","doi":"10.1299/JCST.2.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.2.46","url":null,"abstract":"Inthispaper, we propose astress-basedcrossover (SX)operatorto solvethe checkerboardlike material distributation and disconnected topology that is common for simple geneticalgorithm(SGA)tostructuraltopologyoptimizationproblems(STOPs). Apenalty function is defined to evaluate the fitness of each individual. A number of constrained problems are adopted to experiment the effectiveness of SX for STOPs. Comparison of 2-point crossover (2X) with SX indicates that SX can markedly suppress the checkerboard-like material distributionphenomena. Comparison of evolutionarystructural optimization (ESO) and SX demonstrates the global search ability and flexibility of SX. Experiments of a Michell-type problem verifies the effectiveness of SX for STOPs. For a multi-loaded problem, SX searches out alternate solutions on the same parameters that shows the global search ability of GA.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"120 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126034389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adaptivemesh refinement and local/non-local transition in our quasicontinuum method (Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 69, No. 21(2004), pp.214104(1-10)) are studied in this paper. Although deformation gradients have been used to determine the mechanical state of an element in the original quasicontinuum method, we adopt elastic stiffness coefficients, which govern stress-strain relationships at finite deformation. Because elastic stiffness coefficients are calculated using the interatomic potential function, we do not need to prepare reference node (atomic) positions. To confirm its applicability, we performed nano-indentation simulations in two dimensions, and found that the criterion values estimated using deformation gradients and elastic stiffness coefficients show a positive correlation.
{"title":"Adaptive Mesh Refinement with Elastic Stiffness Coefficients in the Quasicontinuum Model","authors":"T. Shimokawa, T. Kinari, Sukenori Shintaku","doi":"10.1299/JCST.3.408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.3.408","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptivemesh refinement and local/non-local transition in our quasicontinuum method (Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 69, No. 21(2004), pp.214104(1-10)) are studied in this paper. Although deformation gradients have been used to determine the mechanical state of an element in the original quasicontinuum method, we adopt elastic stiffness coefficients, which govern stress-strain relationships at finite deformation. Because elastic stiffness coefficients are calculated using the interatomic potential function, we do not need to prepare reference node (atomic) positions. To confirm its applicability, we performed nano-indentation simulations in two dimensions, and found that the criterion values estimated using deformation gradients and elastic stiffness coefficients show a positive correlation.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122129621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To analyze large-scale problems by a domain decomposition method (DDM), it is important to accelerate the subdomain local solver. For utilizing cache memory e ff ectively and for saving main memory usage, we employ the preconditioner of incomplete Cholesky factorization with threshold (ICT) optimized for the subdomain local solver of the DDM. Though the ICT preconditioner was originally proposed for ill-conditioned problems, we employ it in this study because it can freely control the number of nonzeros of the preconditioning matrix. By controlling the number of nonzeros, both the coe ffi cient and the preconditioning matrices can fit on the cache memory. By using the cache memory e ff ectively, the computation time of the ICT-based subdomain local solver becomes comparable to that of the direct LDL-based solver. In addition, when the number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) of an analysis model becomes very large, the LDL-based DDM solver su ff ers from overflow of the main memory whereas the ICT-based solver can complete the analysis. Using this solver, we succeeded in analyzing a structural problem of 64 million DOFs in 8 minutes on a parallel computing cluster of 8 nodes. Local Solver, Conjugate Gradient Preconditioners, Incomplete Cholesky Factorization with Threshold
{"title":"CG-Based Subdomain Local Solver with ICT Factorization Preconditioner for Domain Decomposition Method","authors":"Y. Yusa, S. Minami, H. Kawai, S. Yoshimura","doi":"10.1299/JCST.6.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.6.157","url":null,"abstract":"To analyze large-scale problems by a domain decomposition method (DDM), it is important to accelerate the subdomain local solver. For utilizing cache memory e ff ectively and for saving main memory usage, we employ the preconditioner of incomplete Cholesky factorization with threshold (ICT) optimized for the subdomain local solver of the DDM. Though the ICT preconditioner was originally proposed for ill-conditioned problems, we employ it in this study because it can freely control the number of nonzeros of the preconditioning matrix. By controlling the number of nonzeros, both the coe ffi cient and the preconditioning matrices can fit on the cache memory. By using the cache memory e ff ectively, the computation time of the ICT-based subdomain local solver becomes comparable to that of the direct LDL-based solver. In addition, when the number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) of an analysis model becomes very large, the LDL-based DDM solver su ff ers from overflow of the main memory whereas the ICT-based solver can complete the analysis. Using this solver, we succeeded in analyzing a structural problem of 64 million DOFs in 8 minutes on a parallel computing cluster of 8 nodes. Local Solver, Conjugate Gradient Preconditioners, Incomplete Cholesky Factorization with Threshold","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123195860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The electrochemical-poroelastic bending behavior of conducting polymer actuators has an attractive feature, considering their potential applications such as artificial muscles or MEMS. In the present study, a computational modeling is presented for the bending behavior of polypyrrole-based actuators. The one-dimensional governing equation for the ionic transportation in electrolytes given by Tadokoro et al. is combined with the finite element modeling for the poroelastic behavior of polypyrroles considering the effect of finite deformation. The validity of the proposed model has been illustrated by comparing the computed results with the experimental results in the literatures.
{"title":"Computational Modeling of Electrochemical-Poroelastic Bending Behaviors of Conducting Polymer (PPy) Membranes","authors":"Y. Toi, W. Jung","doi":"10.1299/JCST.2.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.2.523","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical-poroelastic bending behavior of conducting polymer actuators has an attractive feature, considering their potential applications such as artificial muscles or MEMS. In the present study, a computational modeling is presented for the bending behavior of polypyrrole-based actuators. The one-dimensional governing equation for the ionic transportation in electrolytes given by Tadokoro et al. is combined with the finite element modeling for the poroelastic behavior of polypyrroles considering the effect of finite deformation. The validity of the proposed model has been illustrated by comparing the computed results with the experimental results in the literatures.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128399994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Voronoi diagram is useful to make a city plan and analyze location of public facilities, for example it is used for determining an elementary school zone, a commercial area of shopping center and an evacuation area of disaster, etc. The Voronoi diagram is generally determined by the clear boundary line, called Voronoi edge. However, when the adaptation of Voronoi diagram to a city planning like previous examples is considered, the boundary with width belonging to both of the Voronoi areas: an ambiguous boundary, is more effective than the clear line boundary. Tow kind of “difference between distances” are used to make an ambiguous boundary on this paper. One is absolute difference between distances; another is relative difference between distances. The simulated area is made of a set of cells divided by the tetragonal lattice. So the area is a discrete space that consists of cells. The discrete space makes it easy to make up the algorithm of a digital Voronoi diagram with ambiguous boundaries. On this paper, the characteristics of the Voronoi diagram with ambiguous boundaries of two generators are considered at first. Next, the cases of more generators are examined and the quantity characteristics are clarified.
{"title":"Digital Voronoi Diagram with Ambiguous Boundaries","authors":"T. Oku","doi":"10.1299/JCST.2.351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1299/JCST.2.351","url":null,"abstract":"A Voronoi diagram is useful to make a city plan and analyze location of public facilities, for example it is used for determining an elementary school zone, a commercial area of shopping center and an evacuation area of disaster, etc. The Voronoi diagram is generally determined by the clear boundary line, called Voronoi edge. However, when the adaptation of Voronoi diagram to a city planning like previous examples is considered, the boundary with width belonging to both of the Voronoi areas: an ambiguous boundary, is more effective than the clear line boundary. Tow kind of “difference between distances” are used to make an ambiguous boundary on this paper. One is absolute difference between distances; another is relative difference between distances. The simulated area is made of a set of cells divided by the tetragonal lattice. So the area is a discrete space that consists of cells. The discrete space makes it easy to make up the algorithm of a digital Voronoi diagram with ambiguous boundaries. On this paper, the characteristics of the Voronoi diagram with ambiguous boundaries of two generators are considered at first. Next, the cases of more generators are examined and the quantity characteristics are clarified.","PeriodicalId":196913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Science and Technology","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130221371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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