Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0557-0_4
Jeffrey D. Meyer, B. Ho, M. Manning
{"title":"Effects of conformation on the chemical stability of pharmaceutically relevant polypeptides.","authors":"Jeffrey D. Meyer, B. Ho, M. Manning","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-0557-0_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0557-0_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"39 1","pages":"85-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87486880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0557-0_8
R. Nayar, M. Manning
{"title":"High throughput formulation: strategies for rapid development of stable protein products.","authors":"R. Nayar, M. Manning","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-0557-0_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0557-0_8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":"177-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79108403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drug disposition and targeting. Transport across the blood-brain barrier.","authors":"B Rochat, K L Audus","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"181-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21594009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1007/0-306-46812-3_17
G J Russell-Jones, D H Alpers
The uptake of vitamin B12 from the intestine into the circulation is perhaps the most complex uptake mechanism of all the vitamins, involving no less than five separate VB12-binding molecules, receptors and transporters. Each molecule involved in uptake has a separate affinity and specificity for VB12 as well as a separate cell receptor. Thus VB12 is initially bound by haptocorrin in the stomach, then by IF in the small intestine. An IF receptor is then involved in uptake of the IF-VB12 complex by the intestinal epithelial cell, with the subsequent proteolytic release of VB12 and subsequent binding to TcII. The TcII receptor then transports the TcII-VB12 complex across the cell, whence it is released into the circulation. It is surprising, then, that despite its complexity, it has been possible to harness the vitamin VB12 uptake mechanism to enhance the oral uptake of peptides, proteins, and nanoparticles.
{"title":"Vitamin B12 transporters.","authors":"G J Russell-Jones, D H Alpers","doi":"10.1007/0-306-46812-3_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The uptake of vitamin B12 from the intestine into the circulation is perhaps the most complex uptake mechanism of all the vitamins, involving no less than five separate VB12-binding molecules, receptors and transporters. Each molecule involved in uptake has a separate affinity and specificity for VB12 as well as a separate cell receptor. Thus VB12 is initially bound by haptocorrin in the stomach, then by IF in the small intestine. An IF receptor is then involved in uptake of the IF-VB12 complex by the intestinal epithelial cell, with the subsequent proteolytic release of VB12 and subsequent binding to TcII. The TcII receptor then transports the TcII-VB12 complex across the cell, whence it is released into the circulation. It is surprising, then, that despite its complexity, it has been possible to harness the vitamin VB12 uptake mechanism to enhance the oral uptake of peptides, proteins, and nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"493-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21593903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D K Meijer, J W Smit, G J Hooiveld, J E van Montfoort, P L Jansen, M Müller
{"title":"The molecular basis for hepatobiliary transport of organic cations and organic anions.","authors":"D K Meijer, J W Smit, G J Hooiveld, J E van Montfoort, P L Jansen, M Müller","doi":"10.1007/0-306-46812-3_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"89-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21594007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1007/0-306-46812-3_14
H Suzuki, Y Sugiyama
{"title":"Transporters for bile acids and organic anions.","authors":"H Suzuki, Y Sugiyama","doi":"10.1007/0-306-46812-3_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"387-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21594017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pharmaceutical scientists increasingly utilize transporters for drug delivery and targeting. The biological barriers to drug delivery can basically be divided into epithelial, endothelial, elimination, and target cell barriers. Membrane transporters play an important role in drug entrance and exit from the body. In addition, it is possible to utilize transporters for drug delivery, e.g., improving oral absorption via the peptide transporter. Identification, a better understanding of their transport characteristics, and the regulation of the membrane transporters will allow the development of better drug delivery strategies.
{"title":"Overview of membrane transport.","authors":"D M Oh, G L Amidon","doi":"10.1007/0-306-46812-3_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmaceutical scientists increasingly utilize transporters for drug delivery and targeting. The biological barriers to drug delivery can basically be divided into epithelial, endothelial, elimination, and target cell barriers. Membrane transporters play an important role in drug entrance and exit from the body. In addition, it is possible to utilize transporters for drug delivery, e.g., improving oral absorption via the peptide transporter. Identification, a better understanding of their transport characteristics, and the regulation of the membrane transporters will allow the development of better drug delivery strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21594004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A wide variety of transporters are found in the intestine, and are involved in the membrane transport of daily nutrients as well as drugs. These intestinal transporters are located in the brush border membrane as well as basolateral membrane. Each transporter exhibits its own substrate specificity, and some have broader specificities than others. In addition, the distribution and characteristics of the intestinal transporters exhibit regional differences along the intestine, implying diverse physiologic functions and in some cases pathologic responses. Indeed several genetic disorders have been shown to result from deficient intestinal transporters. The development of prodrugs that target to intestinal transporters has been successful in improving oral absorption. For example, the intestinal peptide transporter is utilized in order to increase the bioavailability of several classes of peptidomimetic drugs, especially ACE inhibitors and beta-lactam antibiotics. The bioavailability of poorly absorbed drugs can be improved by utilization of the transporters responsible for the intestinal absorption of various solutes and/or by inhibiting the transporter involved in the efflux system. Recent advances in gene cloning and molecular biology techniques make it possible to study the characteristics and distribution of transporters at the molecular level. Based on molecular characterizations of membrane transporters and accumulated biochemical data on their specificities and kinetics, structural modification and targeting of a specific transporter is a promising strategy for the design of drugs that improve bioavailability and tissue distribution.
{"title":"Drug transport and targeting. Intestinal transport.","authors":"D M Oh, H K Han, G L Amidon","doi":"10.1007/0-306-46812-3_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A wide variety of transporters are found in the intestine, and are involved in the membrane transport of daily nutrients as well as drugs. These intestinal transporters are located in the brush border membrane as well as basolateral membrane. Each transporter exhibits its own substrate specificity, and some have broader specificities than others. In addition, the distribution and characteristics of the intestinal transporters exhibit regional differences along the intestine, implying diverse physiologic functions and in some cases pathologic responses. Indeed several genetic disorders have been shown to result from deficient intestinal transporters. The development of prodrugs that target to intestinal transporters has been successful in improving oral absorption. For example, the intestinal peptide transporter is utilized in order to increase the bioavailability of several classes of peptidomimetic drugs, especially ACE inhibitors and beta-lactam antibiotics. The bioavailability of poorly absorbed drugs can be improved by utilization of the transporters responsible for the intestinal absorption of various solutes and/or by inhibiting the transporter involved in the efflux system. Recent advances in gene cloning and molecular biology techniques make it possible to study the characteristics and distribution of transporters at the molecular level. Based on molecular characterizations of membrane transporters and accumulated biochemical data on their specificities and kinetics, structural modification and targeting of a specific transporter is a promising strategy for the design of drugs that improve bioavailability and tissue distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19777,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"59-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/0-306-46812-3_3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21594006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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