Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.245022
T. Kayikçioglu, S. Mitra
A novel method of estimating the computational errors in the shapes and the transverse areas of coronary arterial trees from biplane angiograms is described. Using an elliptical model, the intensity distributions of an ellipse in any image plane which is perpendicular to the plane of an arterial cross section are calculated. Given intensity distributions of ellipses in any two such image planes, one can show from their quadratic expressions that they have the same area. Computer-generated data for elliptical cross-sections at different viewing angles and sampling intervals are analyzed. The absolute percentage errors in estimating the lengths of the major amd minor axes and the rotation angle of an ellipse are computed from the computer-generated data and compared with the corresponding values obtained from biplane angiograms at a fixed viewing angle.<>
{"title":"Unique determination of shape and area of coronary arterial cross-section from biplane angiograms","authors":"T. Kayikçioglu, S. Mitra","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.245022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.245022","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method of estimating the computational errors in the shapes and the transverse areas of coronary arterial trees from biplane angiograms is described. Using an elliptical model, the intensity distributions of an ellipse in any image plane which is perpendicular to the plane of an arterial cross section are calculated. Given intensity distributions of ellipses in any two such image planes, one can show from their quadratic expressions that they have the same area. Computer-generated data for elliptical cross-sections at different viewing angles and sampling intervals are analyzed. The absolute percentage errors in estimating the lengths of the major amd minor axes and the rotation angle of an ellipse are computed from the computer-generated data and compared with the corresponding values obtained from biplane angiograms at a fixed viewing angle.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128365530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.244938
Rob W. Parrott, M. Stytz, P. Amburn, D. Robinson
Describes a technique for statistically optimal interslice interpolation of scalar values for use in three-dimensional medical image rendering. The interpolation technique is based upon kriging, which is known to be the best linear unbiased estimation technique for spatially distributed data. The authors present the results obtained using kriging in the object space preprocessing operation of slice interpolation by slice-value interpolation. As a byproduct of the technique, kriging calculates the estimation error for the interslice values. This makes it possible to quantify the interpolation error in slices computed by the estimation technique.<>
{"title":"Statistically optimal interslice value interpolation in 3D medical imaging: theory and implementation","authors":"Rob W. Parrott, M. Stytz, P. Amburn, D. Robinson","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.244938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.244938","url":null,"abstract":"Describes a technique for statistically optimal interslice interpolation of scalar values for use in three-dimensional medical image rendering. The interpolation technique is based upon kriging, which is known to be the best linear unbiased estimation technique for spatially distributed data. The authors present the results obtained using kriging in the object space preprocessing operation of slice interpolation by slice-value interpolation. As a byproduct of the technique, kriging calculates the estimation error for the interslice values. This makes it possible to quantify the interpolation error in slices computed by the estimation technique.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127083514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.245037
M. M. Thomas
Experimental, yet strongly aperiodic, data have been obtained from the human pupil light reflex. The aperiodic behavior in this reflex is similar to that in chronic granulocytic leukemia victims; data on the latter, however, are not readily available. A physical model of this reflex has been developed, but is too regular to predict aperiodicity in pupil area oscillations accurately. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been trained to do time-series predictions of this aperiodicity with greater accuracy. It is shown that the physical model should be used in setting the input neurons of the ANN, that the physical model and the ANN complement each other, and that ANNs have a role in identification of dynamical diseases in particular and aperiodic (if not chaotic) behavior in general.<>
{"title":"Application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to complex oscillations in the human pupil light reflex","authors":"M. M. Thomas","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.245037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.245037","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental, yet strongly aperiodic, data have been obtained from the human pupil light reflex. The aperiodic behavior in this reflex is similar to that in chronic granulocytic leukemia victims; data on the latter, however, are not readily available. A physical model of this reflex has been developed, but is too regular to predict aperiodicity in pupil area oscillations accurately. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been trained to do time-series predictions of this aperiodicity with greater accuracy. It is shown that the physical model should be used in setting the input neurons of the ANN, that the physical model and the ANN complement each other, and that ANNs have a role in identification of dynamical diseases in particular and aperiodic (if not chaotic) behavior in general.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121672177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.245013
D. Qiu, J. Dudeck
Some problems identified by J.B. Adams (Mathemat. Biosciences, vol.32, p.177, 1976) in the MYCIN-model are discussed. It is found that these problems are related only with an inappropriate interpretation for certainty factors assigned to rules. This interpretation is purely formal and has no influence upon the actual elicitation and use of such factors. It is pointed out that one of D. Heckerman's (1986) arguments about the MYCIN-model is incorrect. Then, the interpretations for certainty factors given by Heckerman, namely, CF/sub 1/, CF/sub 2/, are critically reviewed. It is shown that similar problems to those in the original MYCIN-model exist also in CF/sub 1/ and CF/sub 2/. This supports further the point of view that certainty factors should not be interpreted as a measure of belief-updating.<>
{"title":"Some problems related with probabilistic interpretations for certainty factors","authors":"D. Qiu, J. Dudeck","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.245013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.245013","url":null,"abstract":"Some problems identified by J.B. Adams (Mathemat. Biosciences, vol.32, p.177, 1976) in the MYCIN-model are discussed. It is found that these problems are related only with an inappropriate interpretation for certainty factors assigned to rules. This interpretation is purely formal and has no influence upon the actual elicitation and use of such factors. It is pointed out that one of D. Heckerman's (1986) arguments about the MYCIN-model is incorrect. Then, the interpretations for certainty factors given by Heckerman, namely, CF/sub 1/, CF/sub 2/, are critically reviewed. It is shown that similar problems to those in the original MYCIN-model exist also in CF/sub 1/ and CF/sub 2/. This supports further the point of view that certainty factors should not be interpreted as a measure of belief-updating.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124057943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.244928
I. Bankman, W. Christens-Barry, I. Weinberg, Dong W. Kim, R. Semmel, W. Brody
Presents a novel algorithm specifically designed for detecting clusters of microcalcifications that are early mammographic signs of breast cancer. The algorithm, which can be implemented in a general-purpose computer, is intended to assist the radiologist by indicating the location of suspicious clusters. A small number of parameters (features) are extracted from the mammogram and used in a decision-making process that requires no human supervision.<>
{"title":"An algorithm for early breast cancer detection in mammograms","authors":"I. Bankman, W. Christens-Barry, I. Weinberg, Dong W. Kim, R. Semmel, W. Brody","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.244928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.244928","url":null,"abstract":"Presents a novel algorithm specifically designed for detecting clusters of microcalcifications that are early mammographic signs of breast cancer. The algorithm, which can be implemented in a general-purpose computer, is intended to assist the radiologist by indicating the location of suspicious clusters. A small number of parameters (features) are extracted from the mammogram and used in a decision-making process that requires no human supervision.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117276967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.244927
G. Hume
Negative feedback in the human cardiovascular system is a domain that is rich in both declarative and procedural knowledge. The author outlines the design of a student model for that domain which contains both an overlay model and a bug library. The CIRCSIM-Tutor student modeler's strategy is to determine the most severe student problems as soon as possible. CIRCSIM-Tutor's objectives are limited. Its domain knowledge is finite. A small number of typical student 'bugs' can be anticipated.<>
{"title":"A dynamic student model in a cardiovascular intelligent tutoring system","authors":"G. Hume","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.244927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.244927","url":null,"abstract":"Negative feedback in the human cardiovascular system is a domain that is rich in both declarative and procedural knowledge. The author outlines the design of a student model for that domain which contains both an overlay model and a bug library. The CIRCSIM-Tutor student modeler's strategy is to determine the most severe student problems as soon as possible. CIRCSIM-Tutor's objectives are limited. Its domain knowledge is finite. A small number of typical student 'bugs' can be anticipated.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115371188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.245005
Huei-Ning Natasha Ma, M. Evens, D. Trace, F. Naeymi-Rad
Describes the implementation methodology of an intelligent progress note system which is designed to support physicians in writing problem-oriented progress notes. The authors are currently developing their system on PCs in Microsoft Windows 3.0 by using Spinnaker Plus. The conversion of the system from a PC base to Macintosh or OS/2 has proven to be easy. The design applies cognitive models of memory as well as hypermedia to provide a creative and productive environment for the physician. The basis of the work is observation of practicing physicians writing progress notes in today's paper-driven world. The hope is to simulate some of the more routine parts of the thinking processes that physicians devote to producing the progress note, to save time, and to provide useful reminders, so that the users can concentrate on the more complex parts of the task.<>
{"title":"A productive user environment for generating progress notes","authors":"Huei-Ning Natasha Ma, M. Evens, D. Trace, F. Naeymi-Rad","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.245005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.245005","url":null,"abstract":"Describes the implementation methodology of an intelligent progress note system which is designed to support physicians in writing problem-oriented progress notes. The authors are currently developing their system on PCs in Microsoft Windows 3.0 by using Spinnaker Plus. The conversion of the system from a PC base to Macintosh or OS/2 has proven to be easy. The design applies cognitive models of memory as well as hypermedia to provide a creative and productive environment for the physician. The basis of the work is observation of practicing physicians writing progress notes in today's paper-driven world. The hope is to simulate some of the more routine parts of the thinking processes that physicians devote to producing the progress note, to save time, and to provide useful reminders, so that the users can concentrate on the more complex parts of the task.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123444090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.245007
R. Hermida, J. Fernández, A. Mojón, D. Ayala
Hardware for automatic long-term measurement is wedded to a set of software modules in order to assess the status of human blood pressure circadian variability. To evaluate changes in blood pressure within a day, the authors analyzed 303 series of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate, automatically monitored every 30 minutes for at least 48 h from clinically healthy subjects, 19-23 yr of age. Individual circadian rhythm parameters computed for each time series by least-squares rhythmometry were used, first, for assessing rhythm characteristics of all subjects and each gender separately, and, second, for the computation of a so-called paradesm, a (here 90%) time-specified prediction region for the amplitude-acrophase pair. Original data were further used to compute time-specified prediction limits for blood pressure and heart rate in clinical health. Such reference limits may serve for an objective and positive definition of health, for the screening and diagnosis of disease, and for gauging the subject's response to treatment.<>
{"title":"Time-specified prediction limits for circadian blood pressure variability in clinical health","authors":"R. Hermida, J. Fernández, A. Mojón, D. Ayala","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.245007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.245007","url":null,"abstract":"Hardware for automatic long-term measurement is wedded to a set of software modules in order to assess the status of human blood pressure circadian variability. To evaluate changes in blood pressure within a day, the authors analyzed 303 series of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate, automatically monitored every 30 minutes for at least 48 h from clinically healthy subjects, 19-23 yr of age. Individual circadian rhythm parameters computed for each time series by least-squares rhythmometry were used, first, for assessing rhythm characteristics of all subjects and each gender separately, and, second, for the computation of a so-called paradesm, a (here 90%) time-specified prediction region for the amplitude-acrophase pair. Original data were further used to compute time-specified prediction limits for blood pressure and heart rate in clinical health. Such reference limits may serve for an objective and positive definition of health, for the screening and diagnosis of disease, and for gauging the subject's response to treatment.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"96 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123514459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.244947
C. Blanco, V. Cuervas-Mons, A. Carrero, A. Duenas, Miguel A. González, C. H. Salvador
A prototype for a workstation (referred to as the transplant unit workstation) that attempts to satisfy the information management needs of the transplant unit of a hospital is described. The system allows the user to: create and gain access to donor folders and recipient folders; transmit all types of documents contained in them, i.e. text, images, graphics, etc.; apply tools to scan, edit, and print these documents; and run application programs such as statistical analysis or aid in decision making concerning the most suitable recipient for a given donor organ. The implementation, which at present only covers liver transplant, is written in C language, under the Unix System V r3.2 OS, in the X-Windows environment, with the OSF/Motif toolkit and structured query language (SQL) as the language of access to a relational database.<>
描述了一个工作站(称为移植单元工作站)的原型，它试图满足医院移植单元的信息管理需求。该系统允许用户:创建和访问捐赠者文件夹和接收者文件夹;传送其中所载的各类文件，即文字、图像、图形等;运用工具扫描、编辑和打印这些文件;并运行应用程序，如统计分析或帮助决策，以确定最适合特定捐赠器官的受体。该实现是在X-Windows环境下，在Unix System V r3.2操作系统下，用C语言编写的，使用OSF/Motif工具箱和结构化查询语言(SQL)作为访问关系数据库的语言，目前只涉及肝脏移植。
{"title":"Medical workstation for the management of the transplantation unit of a hospital","authors":"C. Blanco, V. Cuervas-Mons, A. Carrero, A. Duenas, Miguel A. González, C. H. Salvador","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.244947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.244947","url":null,"abstract":"A prototype for a workstation (referred to as the transplant unit workstation) that attempts to satisfy the information management needs of the transplant unit of a hospital is described. The system allows the user to: create and gain access to donor folders and recipient folders; transmit all types of documents contained in them, i.e. text, images, graphics, etc.; apply tools to scan, edit, and print these documents; and run application programs such as statistical analysis or aid in decision making concerning the most suitable recipient for a given donor organ. The implementation, which at present only covers liver transplant, is written in C language, under the Unix System V r3.2 OS, in the X-Windows environment, with the OSF/Motif toolkit and structured query language (SQL) as the language of access to a relational database.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124984220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-14DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1992.244932
J. Bentrup
An intelligent assistant for sleep stage scoring is currently being developed. Due to the complexities and variations in the sleep signals, it is quite common that the system will initially be unable to correctly classify portions of the sleep signals. However, the system works in conjunction with somnologists, or human sleep stage scoring experts, and actively seeks their advice when it is unable to reliably decide on its own. The system incorporates the human guidance into its own knowledge base and continues with its scoring. The emphasis is on finding ways to produce reliable classifications in a domain that is at times very difficult to categorize. This reliability is critical if the physicians, in reaching their diagnoses and recommendations, are to rely on the machine's output. The system has successfully scored 156 test cases with an overall 92% epoch-by-epoch agreement with the human expert.<>
{"title":"An intelligent assistant for sleep stage scoring","authors":"J. Bentrup","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1992.244932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1992.244932","url":null,"abstract":"An intelligent assistant for sleep stage scoring is currently being developed. Due to the complexities and variations in the sleep signals, it is quite common that the system will initially be unable to correctly classify portions of the sleep signals. However, the system works in conjunction with somnologists, or human sleep stage scoring experts, and actively seeks their advice when it is unable to reliably decide on its own. The system incorporates the human guidance into its own knowledge base and continues with its scoring. The emphasis is on finding ways to produce reliable classifications in a domain that is at times very difficult to categorize. This reliability is critical if the physicians, in reaching their diagnoses and recommendations, are to rely on the machine's output. The system has successfully scored 156 test cases with an overall 92% epoch-by-epoch agreement with the human expert.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":197891,"journal":{"name":"[1992] Proceedings Fifth Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131145226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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