Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry最新文献_第2页

Effects of daylight on sleep and circadian rhythms in patients with depression 日光对抑郁症患者睡眠和昼夜节律的影响

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100170

José Ángel Rubiño-Díaz , M. Cristina Nicolau , Anna Riera , Aida Martín , Francesca Cañellas

Current research has shown depressive symptoms are associated with sleep disturbances and misalignment of circadian rhythms. A chronobiological intervention combined with the usual antidepressant treatment may improve depressive symptoms along with sleep quality and circadian rhythms in patients with depression. This feasibility study was carried out with 38 participants: 21 outpatients suffering from non-seasonal major depressive disorder (MDD) and 17 healthy volunteers (general population). Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: 11 patients received a chronobiological intervention which consisted of regular specified daylight exposure for 14 days in conjunction with pharmacological treatment (LIGHT group), while 10 patients received only treatment-a-usual (TAU group). Depressive severity at inclusion was assessed with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale and the International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to exclude comorbid psychiatric disorders. The evolution of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report. Patients’ chronotype was evaluated with the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire and sleep with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a sleep agenda. In addition, circadian parameters (motor activity, skin temperature and light exposure) were assessed using the Kronowise® device and target sleep quality indices were calculated. Depressive patients undergoing psychopharmacological treatment, who received a specific instruction to increase their exposure to daylight improved their depressive symptoms, sleep quality, motor activity and peripheral temperature rhythms more than the TAU group.

目前的研究表明，抑郁症状与睡眠障碍和昼夜节律失调有关。时间生物学干预结合通常的抗抑郁治疗可以改善抑郁症患者的抑郁症状、睡眠质量和昼夜节律。本可行性研究共纳入38名参与者：21名非季节性重度抑郁症（MDD）门诊患者和17名健康志愿者（普通人群）。患者被随机分为两组：11名患者接受时间生物学干预，包括14天的常规日光照射和药物治疗（LIGHT组），而10名患者只接受常规治疗（TAU组）。采用蒙哥马利-阿斯伯格抑郁量表评估纳入时的抑郁严重程度，并采用国际神经精神病学访谈排除共病精神障碍。使用抑郁症状快速量表-自我报告评估抑郁症状的演变。采用慕尼黑睡眠类型问卷评估患者的睡眠类型，采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和睡眠议程评估患者的睡眠。此外，使用Kronowise®设备评估昼夜节律参数（运动活动、皮肤温度和光照），并计算目标睡眠质量指数。接受精神药理学治疗的抑郁症患者，接受特定指示增加日光照射，比TAU组更能改善抑郁症状、睡眠质量、运动活动和外周温度节律。

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引用次数: 0

Examining the influence of cognitive bias delaying the diagnosis and treatment of Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis 探讨认知偏差对抗nmda受体脑炎诊断和治疗的影响

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100164

Gary J. Iacobucci , Raphael J. Leo , Cynthia Pristach

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is an autoimmune condition that often mimics psychiatric conditions on first presentation. Although immunotherapy can be effective in treatment, delayed recognition and diagnosis prolongs the acute phase of illness which carries higher risk of morbidity. In addition to the complex and varied clinical manifestations, one overlooked factor that may influence clinical judgment, diagnosis, and treatment is a provider’s implicit biases, particularly as they pertain to sociocultural preconceptions of patients’ demographics. Here, we describe the clinical presentations, hospital courses, investigations, and treatment in two illustrative cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. We discuss the confluence of clinical factors that differentially confounded each clinical picture leading to delayed diagnosis. Additionally, we describe the possible influence of cognitive biases that perpetuated misdiagnoses. We emphasize that clinicians ought to be aware that bias takes different forms and can lead to delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis resulting in significant morbidity. Consequently, we suggest simple strategies for mitigating the impact of specific biases both generally and specifically for encephalitis.

抗nmdar脑炎是一种自身免疫性疾病，首次出现时通常与精神疾病相似。虽然免疫疗法可以有效治疗，但延迟识别和诊断延长了疾病的急性期，这带来了更高的发病率风险。除了复杂多样的临床表现外，可能影响临床判断、诊断和治疗的一个被忽视的因素是提供者的隐性偏见，特别是当它们与患者人口统计学的社会文化先入为主的观念有关时。在这里，我们描述临床表现，医院病程，调查和治疗的两个说明性病例抗nmdar脑炎。我们讨论临床因素的汇合，不同的混淆每一个临床图片导致延迟诊断。此外，我们还描述了导致误诊的认知偏差可能产生的影响。我们强调，临床医生应该意识到，偏见有不同的形式，可能导致延误诊断或误诊，导致显著发病率。因此，我们建议简单的策略来减轻特定偏见的影响，无论是一般的还是特定的脑炎。

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引用次数: 0

Self-regulatory contributions to depressive symptoms in a community sample of youth 自我调节对社区青年抑郁症状的影响

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100163

Eleenor Abraham, Tara McAuley

Objective

Depression is prevalent in youth, with concerning implications for their current and future function. Risk for depression is elevated pending how youth attempt to regulate their affective experiences (emotion regulation; ER) and the effectiveness with which they use higher-order cognitive abilities to work towards and attain their goals (executive functions; EF). According to the impaired disengagement hypothesis, depression may arise when ineffective EFs lead to reliance on maladaptive forms of ER—such as rumination. This study investigates rumination, other ER strategies, and EF challenges as correlated predictors of depressive symptoms in youth. Method: A community sample of 191 youth 11–18 years (M = 13.47, SD = 1.48, 108 females, 48 % White, 5 % Black, 5 % Hispanic, 42 % Other) completed self-report measures of their mental health, ER strategies, and ability to apply EF abilities in their everyday lives. Results: Depression was elevated in youth who identified as female and who endorsed higher levels of EF-challenge, greater dispositional use of maladaptive ER, and lesser dispositional use of adaptive ER. The association of youths’ EF challenges and depressive symptoms was attenuated and no longer significant in a multivariate model that considered the association between their depressive symptoms and use of self-blaming rumination, catastrophizing, expressive suppression, and positive reappraisal. Conclusions: Early identification of self-regulatory factors that increase youths’ risk of depression, including the experience of everyday EF challenges and reliance on maladaptive forms of ER, has potential to guide prevention and treatment efforts that mitigate the effects of depression in adolescence and adulthood.

目的：抑郁症在青少年中普遍存在，并对其当前和未来的功能产生影响。抑郁症的风险取决于年轻人如何试图调节他们的情感体验(情绪调节；ER)以及他们使用高阶认知能力来努力实现目标的有效性(执行功能；EF)。根据受损的脱离假设，当无效的电刺激导致依赖于不适应的电刺激形式（如反刍）时，抑郁可能会出现。本研究调查了反刍、其他内质网策略和EF挑战作为青少年抑郁症状的相关预测因素。方法：191名11-18岁的社区青年（M = 13.47, SD = 1.48，女性108人，白人48%，黑人5%，西班牙裔5%，其他42%）完成了他们的心理健康、急诊策略和在日常生活中应用EF能力的自我报告。结果：在女性青少年中，抑郁症的发生率升高，这些青少年认同较高水平的ef挑战，更多的处置性使用适应性不良的ER，以及较少的处置性使用适应性ER。青少年EF挑战与抑郁症状的关联减弱，在考虑抑郁症状与使用自责反刍、灾难化、表达抑制和积极重新评价之间关联的多变量模型中不再显著。结论：早期识别增加青少年抑郁风险的自我调节因素，包括日常EF挑战的经历和对不良ER形式的依赖，有可能指导预防和治疗工作，减轻青少年和成年期抑郁症的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Post-roe psychiatry: part I − A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis investigating the impact of unwanted pregnancy and denied abortion on mental health 后roe精神病学：第一部分-调查意外怀孕和拒绝堕胎对心理健康影响的系统回顾和多水平荟萃分析

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100159

Debra P. Bruns , Erika Botello , Victoria L. King , Natalie Remiszewski , Laura Holland , Linda L. Carpenter , William M. McDonald , Alik S. Widge , Gerhard Hellemann , Charles B. Nemeroff , Nina V. Kraguljac

Objective

To study the impact of unwanted pregnancies and abortion denials on maternal mental health and the mental health of children born from an unwanted pregnancy.

Methods

Using PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic search of PubMed up to June 2022. We grouped articles as follows: Unwanted pregnancies and maternal mental health, mental health of children born from an unwanted pregnancy, abortion denials and maternal mental health, mental health of children born after abortion denial. Where sufficient data were available, a random-effects multi-level meta-analysis using the natural logarithm of the odds ratio (logOR) was performed to measure the effect size.

Results

The logOR of overall negative maternal mental health outcomes with unwanted pregnancies compared to wanted or wanted/ unintended pregnancies was 0.50 (95 % CI: 0.39–0.61; p < 0.01), corresponding to an odds ratio of 1.65. Data on mental health diagnoses of women denied an abortion or children born from unwanted pregnancies was scant. No studies were identified that investigated mental health of children born after abortion denial.

Conclusions

Data show that unwanted pregnancies significantly increase the risk of adverse mental health outcomes in the mothers (e.g. suicidality, depression, alcohol use). This is a major public health concern and will inevitably lead to additional demands on our already overwhelmed mental healthcare system. It is critical to provide access to the full spectrum of reproductive healthcare, strengthen our mental health care delivery system, and expand public health initiatives geared at primary prevention of unwanted pregnancies.

目的研究意外怀孕和拒绝堕胎对产妇心理健康和意外怀孕所生儿童心理健康的影响。方法采用PRISMA指南，对PubMed进行系统检索，检索时间截止到2022年6月。我们将文章分类如下：意外怀孕与产妇心理健康、意外怀孕后出生的儿童的心理健康、否认堕胎与产妇心理健康、否认堕胎后出生的儿童的心理健康。在有足够数据的情况下，采用自然对数优势比（logOR）进行随机效应多层次荟萃分析来测量效应大小。结果与想要怀孕或想要/意外怀孕相比，意外怀孕的产妇总体负面心理健康结果的logOR为0.50 (95% CI: 0.39-0.61；p & lt;0.01)，比值比为1.65。关于拒绝堕胎的妇女或意外怀孕生育的儿童的心理健康诊断的数据很少。没有研究确定调查拒绝堕胎后出生的儿童的心理健康。结论：数据显示，意外怀孕大大增加了母亲出现不良心理健康后果的风险（如自杀、抑郁、酗酒）。这是一个重大的公共卫生问题，将不可避免地给我们已经不堪重负的精神卫生保健系统带来额外的需求。至关重要的是提供全面的生殖保健服务，加强我们的精神卫生保健服务系统，并扩大针对初级预防意外怀孕的公共卫生举措。

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引用次数: 0

Negative social interactions on the relationship between ADD/ADHD and both anxious and depressive symptoms among Canadian adults 负面社会互动对加拿大成年人ADHD与焦虑和抑郁症状关系的影响

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100165

Ross D. Connolly , Allyson Lamont , David Speed

Objective

The primary goal of the present research was to examine whether the associations that negative social interactions (NSIs) demonstrate with both anxiety and depression varied between adults with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a Canadian sample.

Method

Data were obtained from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey–Mental Health (N ≥ 16,354). Presence of NSIs, diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and experience of major depressive episodes (MDEs) were estimated in the self-report ADHD and non-ADHD groups.

Results

NSIs were positively associated with having GAD and experiencing an MDE. Self-reported ADHD was also positively associated with these diagnostic outcomes. Presence of self-reported ADHD did not significantly modify the associations between NSI and GAD or NSI and MDE.

Conclusion

The findings show that increased levels of NSIs are significant predictors of an increased risk of experiencing anxiety and depression, and that ADHD itself a corelate of anxiety and depression. However, the associations that NSIs demonstrate with anxiety and with depression do not significantly differ based on the presence or absence of an ADHD diagnosis.

目的本研究的主要目的是检查加拿大样本中患有和不患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的成年人的负面社会互动（nsi）与焦虑和抑郁的关联是否有所不同。方法数据来自2012年加拿大社区健康调查-心理健康（N≥16354）。在自我报告ADHD组和非ADHD组中评估nsi的存在、广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）的诊断和重度抑郁发作（MDEs）的经历。结果ssi与广泛性焦虑症和MDE呈正相关。自我报告的ADHD也与这些诊断结果呈正相关。存在自我报告的ADHD并没有显著改变NSI与GAD或NSI与MDE之间的关联。结论研究结果表明，nsi水平的增加是焦虑和抑郁风险增加的重要预测因素，而ADHD本身与焦虑和抑郁有关。然而，nsi与焦虑和抑郁之间的关联并不会因为是否有ADHD诊断而有显著差异。

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引用次数: 0

Neurobiology and behavior associated with early neglect: An exploratory comparison of neglected US children and international adoptees 与早期忽视相关的神经生物学和行为：被忽视的美国儿童和国际收养者的探索性比较

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100155

Eve G. Spratt , Kathleen T. Brady , O. Yaw Addo , Carrie E. Papa , Cynthia Cupit Swenson , Bradley S. Miller , James S. Contompasis , Michael D. De Bellis

Objective

This exploratory study investigates the effects of childhood neglect exposure within a family setting and in children adopted from Russian orphanages on markers of stress physiology as well as behavioral and emotional problems in pre-pubertal children.

Participants: Families of 17 U.S. children with a history of familial neglect (USN), 15 international adoptees from orphanages (IA), and 28 children living with biologic parents with no known history of maltreatment (controls).

Methods

Parents completed Child Behavior Checklists (CBCL) and demographic information. Morning salivary cortisol was collected at baseline before a blood draw (for serum biological markers) and at set intervals. The first morning urinary void was obtained to measure arginine vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin (OT), cortisol, and epinephrine levels.

Results

IA children had the lowest urinary AVP levels, highest urinary epinephrine, a higher cortisol peak and longer recovery. There were no OT differences between the three groups. The USN group had the lowest urinary epinephrine levels. Both neglect groups had higher behavior problem scores on the CBCL with the USN group having the highest scores. There was a strong consistent association between AVP and 4 out of 6 CBCL outcomes – but not with OT, cortisol or epinephrine.

Conclusions

In this study, there were significant differences in both biologic and psychosocial measures between the control group, the USN and the IA groups suggesting that the timing, type and context of neglect may impact biologic and psychosocial sequalae.

目的探讨俄罗斯孤儿院领养儿童和家庭环境下的童年忽视暴露对青春期前儿童应激生理指标、行为和情绪问题的影响。参与者：17名有家庭忽视史（USN）的美国儿童的家庭，15名来自孤儿院（IA）的国际收养儿童的家庭，以及28名与亲生父母生活在一起且没有已知虐待史的儿童的家庭（对照组）。方法家长填写儿童行为检查表（CBCL）和人口统计资料。早晨唾液皮质醇在抽血（用于血清生物标志物）之前的基线和设定的时间间隔收集。第一次早晨尿空测量精氨酸抗利尿素（AVP）、催产素（OT）、皮质醇和肾上腺素水平。结果6例患儿尿AVP最低，尿肾上腺素最高，皮质醇峰值较高，恢复时间较长。三组间无OT差异。USN组的尿肾上腺素水平最低。两个被忽视组在CBCL上都有较高的行为问题得分，USN组得分最高。AVP与6个CBCL结果中的4个之间存在强烈的一致性关联，但与OT、皮质醇或肾上腺素无关。结论：在本研究中，对照组、USN组和IA组在生物学和社会心理测量方面存在显著差异，这表明忽视的时间、类型和背景可能会影响生物学和社会心理后遗症。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of patient expectation, motivation, and satisfaction on outcomes of neurosurgical deep brain stimulation in treatment-resistant depression and obsessive–compulsive disorder 患者期望、动机和满意度对神经外科深部脑刺激治疗难治性抑郁症和强迫症结果的影响

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100162

Teodora Sabkova , Volker A. Coenen , Thomas E. Schläpfer

Background

Treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are the two main application areas of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in psychiatry. DBS in treatment-resistant OCD patients is part of the guidelines, while this procedure in treatment-resistant depressive patients, is still being regarded as being under development.

Objectives

This study aimed to explore the role of patient-related factors—specifically, expectation, motivation, and satisfaction—in the context of DBS outcomes in patients with treatment-resistant depression and OCD. The focus was on descriptively examining how these factors present before and after the surgery, and how they may relate to patients’ perception of treatment efficacy.

Methods

A total of 58 patients participated in the study. Three measurement instruments were used for the investigation − the Client Motivation for Therapy Scale, the Stanford Expectancy Treatment Scale and the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire.

Results

Negative expectations decreased significantly, and realistic expectations increased postoperatively in both groups. Correlations between expectation levels and perceived treatment efficacy were observed at various time points. No significant differences in motivational behavior were found between the groups. Overall satisfaction with DBS was high across groups, with 81 % indicating they would choose the treatment again.

Conclusions

The findings highlight the relevance of patient factors such as motivation, expectation, and satisfaction in the treatment of psychiatric patients undergoing DBS. These aspects, while not predictive in a causal sense, offer valuable insights into patient engagement and perceived benefit. Managing patient expectations, as in many invasive therapies, remains a key component of therapeutic success.

背景难治性重度抑郁症（MDD）和难治性强迫症（OCD）是脑深部电刺激（DBS）在精神病学中的两个主要应用领域。DBS治疗难治性强迫症患者是指南的一部分，而这种治疗难治性抑郁症患者的方法仍被认为处于开发阶段。目的：本研究旨在探讨患者相关因素，特别是期望、动机和满意度在难治性抑郁症和强迫症患者DBS治疗结果中的作用。重点是描述性地检查这些因素在手术前后是如何出现的，以及它们如何与患者对治疗效果的感知相关。方法共纳入58例患者。调查使用了三种测量工具-治疗动机量表，斯坦福期望治疗量表和可信度/期望问卷。结果两组患者术后负面期望均显著降低，现实期望均升高。在不同时间点观察期望水平与感知治疗疗效之间的相关性。两组之间的动机行为没有显著差异。各组对DBS的总体满意度很高，81%的人表示他们会再次选择治疗。结论本研究结果强调了动机、期望和满意度等患者因素与DBS治疗的相关性。这些方面虽然在因果意义上没有预测性，但为患者参与和感知益处提供了有价值的见解。与许多侵入性治疗一样，管理患者的期望仍然是治疗成功的关键组成部分。

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引用次数: 0

Anxiolytic, antidepressant, and hypnotic effects on the accuracy and speed of accessing information from episodic memory 抗焦虑药、抗抑郁药和催眠药对情景记忆获取信息的准确性和速度的影响

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100161

Selene Cansino , Frine Torres-Trejo , Cinthya Estrada-Manilla , Silvia Ruiz-Velasco

The use of anxiolytics, antidepressants, and hypnotics to alleviate minor symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia in the absence of any major disease has become extremely common. However, the effects of these medications are not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential effects of these drugs on episodic memory, the ability to remember our personal experiences. In this study, we employed a computerized task that allowed us to measure recollection and recognition accuracy and speed within episodic memory. The participants’ ages ranged from 21 to 80 years; 87 of whom had taken exclusively anxiolytics, 94 had taken only antidepressants, and 36 had taken only hypnotics at some time in their lives but had not taken them for at least six months. These groups were compared with individuals who had never taken any of these medications and were matched by sex, age, and years of education. Recollection accuracy was lower in anxiolytics and antidepressants users compared with nonusers. In addition, we found that the longer and more frequently these drugs were taken, the worse recollection became. Recollection, one of the most essential memory processes to preserve autonomous everyday living, is affected by the consumption of anxiolytics and antidepressants, and this occurs across all ages in the adult life span.

在没有任何重大疾病的情况下，使用抗焦虑药、抗抑郁药和催眠药来减轻焦虑、抑郁和失眠的轻微症状已经变得极其普遍。然而，这些药物的效果还不完全清楚。本研究的目的是检查这些药物对情景记忆的潜在影响，情景记忆是记住我们个人经历的能力。在这项研究中，我们采用了一个计算机化的任务，它允许我们测量情景记忆中的回忆和识别的准确性和速度。参与者的年龄从21岁到80岁不等；其中87人只服用抗焦虑药，94人只服用抗抑郁药，36人只服用催眠药，但至少6个月没有服用。将这些人与从未服用过这些药物的人进行比较，并按性别、年龄和受教育年限进行匹配。与不使用抗焦虑药和抗抑郁药的人相比，使用抗焦虑药和抗抑郁药的人回忆准确性较低。此外，我们发现服用这些药物的时间越长、次数越频繁，记忆力就越差。回忆是维持自主日常生活的最重要的记忆过程之一，它受到抗焦虑药和抗抑郁药的影响，这种情况发生在成人生命的各个年龄段。

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引用次数: 0

What’s next for misophonia? Child and parent priorities for misophonia advocacy, treatment, and research 恐音症的下一步是什么？儿童和家长对恐音症倡导、治疗和研究的优先考虑

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100160

Katherine L. Abraham , Catherine E. Rast , Eric A. Storch , Andrew G. Guzick

Background

Misophonia is characterized by sensitivity to specific common sounds and associated visual stimuli. Despite a high estimated prevalence in the general population, “misophonia” as a term remains largely unknown by the general population, with research on misophonia treatment still in a nascent stage. This is especially the case in children and adolescents, despite misophonia most often beginning in this time. To guide the growing foundation of misophonia literature, this study seeks to inquire about advocacy, research, and treatment priorities from the perspective of youth with misophonia and their parents.

Methods

In this study, twenty youth with clinically significant misophonia (ages 10–17) and their parents engaged in semi-structured focused interviews. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed using an inductive approach.

Results

Eight themes were identified, including Advancing Awareness for Advocacy, Misophonia is Outside a Child’s Control, Practical and Misophonia-Specific Therapies Needed, Understanding the Neurobiology of Misophonia, Defining Misophonia Beyond Sound Triggers, Understanding the Daily Impact of Misophonia, Uncovering the Misophonia-Mental Health Connection, and Long-Term Prognosis.

Discussion

While some participants’ ideas were distinctive to their experience, several themes, described above, emerged across interviews. These findings propose paths forward for future advocacy, research, and treatment development.

恐音症的特点是对特定的常见声音和相关的视觉刺激敏感。尽管恐音症在普通人群中有很高的患病率，但“恐音症”作为一个术语在很大程度上仍不为普通人群所知，对恐音症治疗的研究仍处于初级阶段。这在儿童和青少年中尤其如此，尽管恐音症最常在这个时期开始。为了指导恐音症文献的发展，本研究试图从恐音症青少年及其父母的角度来探讨倡导、研究和治疗重点。方法本研究对20名10-17岁的青少年临床表现明显的恐音症患者及其父母进行了半结构化的焦点访谈。采访记录和主题分析使用归纳的方法。结果确定了8个主题，包括提高宣传意识，恐音症是儿童无法控制的，需要实用和恐音症特异性治疗，了解恐音症的神经生物学，定义声音触发之外的恐音症，了解恐音症的日常影响，揭示恐音症与心理健康的联系，以及长期预后。虽然一些参与者的想法与他们的经历不同，但上述几个主题在采访中出现了。这些发现为未来的宣传、研究和治疗发展指明了前进的道路。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of methamphetamine abstinence on social cognition and oxytocin regulation: A study in patients undergoing rehabilitation 戒断甲基苯丙胺对社会认知和催产素调节的影响：一项康复患者的研究

Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100156

Mariana Judith Ceja-Vega , Yaveth Ruvalcaba-Delgadillo , Fernando Jáuregui-Huerta

Social cognition, essential for interpreting and responding to social cues, is often impaired by psycho-stimulants like methamphetamine, which disrupt neural pathways critical for social interaction and emotional processing. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide involved in social bonding and emotion regulation, is similarly impacted by substances that alter dopaminergic systems, influencing social behavior and cognitive functions. This study investigates the effects of methamphetamine abstinence on social cognition and serum oxytocin levels in individuals undergoing rehabilitation, aiming to understand the progression of cognitive deficits and neuroendocrine dysregulation over a six-month follow-up interval. Thirty-seven male participants, 25 of whom were methamphetamine users in a controlled rehabilitation environment and 12 matched healthy controls, were assessed. Social cognition was evaluated using Facial Emotion Recognition and Theory of Mind (ToM) tasks at early and late abstinence stages. Serum oxytocin levels were measured through ELISA at both stages, and statistical analyses examined group differences and within-group changes over time. Methamphetamine users exhibited significant declines in social cognition from early to late abstinence, with lower performance in ToM and facial emotion recognition (notably for anger, fear, and sadness) compared to controls. Additionally, oxytocin levels showed a significant decrease over the abstinence period, with methamphetamine users maintaining lower levels than controls. Findings suggest that cognitive impairments in social processing persist as abstinence progresses, accompanied by a parallel decline in oxytocin levels. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions to address the intertwined challenges of cognitive and hormonal dysregulation in methamphetamine recovery, highlighting oxytocin’s potential role in therapeutic strategies.

社会认知对于解释和回应社会线索至关重要，但它经常被甲基苯丙胺等精神兴奋剂破坏，这种兴奋剂会破坏对社会互动和情绪处理至关重要的神经通路。催产素是一种参与社会联系和情绪调节的神经肽，同样受到改变多巴胺能系统的物质的影响，影响社会行为和认知功能。本研究探讨了戒断甲基苯丙胺对康复个体社会认知和血清催产素水平的影响，旨在通过六个月的随访了解认知缺陷和神经内分泌失调的进展情况。对37名男性参与者进行了评估，其中25人是受控康复环境中的甲基苯丙胺使用者，12人是匹配的健康对照者。采用面部情绪识别和心理理论（ToM）任务评估禁欲早期和晚期的社会认知。通过ELISA检测两阶段的血清催产素水平，并通过统计分析检查组内差异和组内随时间的变化。与对照组相比，甲基苯丙胺服用者在戒断早期到晚期表现出明显的社会认知能力下降，在ToM和面部情绪识别（尤其是愤怒、恐惧和悲伤）方面表现较差。此外，在戒断期间，催产素水平显著下降，甲基苯丙胺使用者的水平低于对照组。研究结果表明，随着禁欲的进展，社会处理中的认知障碍会持续存在，并伴随着催产素水平的平行下降。这些结果强调了有针对性的干预措施的必要性，以解决甲基苯丙胺恢复过程中认知和激素失调的相互交织的挑战，突出了催产素在治疗策略中的潜在作用。

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引用次数: 0