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2017 18th International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR)最新文献

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Adaptive backstepping control based on structural reliability for a turret-moored FPSO vessel 基于炮塔系泊FPSO船结构可靠性的自适应反演控制
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023520
Yuanhui Wang, Yulong Tuo, Simon X. Yang
For floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels, a positioning controller is necessary because only a mooring system alone cannot always keep the ship within a predefined region. This paper develops a new adaptive backstepping controller based on structural reliability index to deal with the model uncertainties of the FPSO vessel. Model uncertainties can be estimated by the adaptive law derived from the Lyapunov stability theory. The capacity of the mooring system can be fully utilized to position the FPSO vessel by adjusting the structural reliability index on the premise of ensuring the safety of mooring lines, and hence less control effort is needed for the positioning controller. The robustness of the proposed control algorithm is demonstrated through simulations using three sets of different system parameters. In addition, a comparison to the PID controller without the structural reliability shows that less control effort is needed using the proposed controller.
对于浮式生产储存和卸载(FPSO)船来说,定位控制器是必要的,因为仅靠系泊系统无法始终将船舶保持在预定区域内。针对FPSO船舶的模型不确定性,提出了一种基于结构可靠性指标的自适应反演控制器。模型的不确定性可由李亚普诺夫稳定性理论导出的自适应律估计。在保证系泊线安全的前提下,通过调整结构可靠性指标,可以充分利用系泊系统的能力对FPSO船舶进行定位,从而减少了定位控制器的控制工作量。通过对三组不同系统参数的仿真,验证了所提控制算法的鲁棒性。此外,与不考虑结构可靠性的PID控制器的比较表明,采用该控制器所需要的控制工作量较小。
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引用次数: 3
Human-robot scaffolding: A novel perspective to use robots such as learning tools 人-机器人脚手架:使用机器人(如学习工具)的新视角
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023644
John Jairo Paez Rodriguez, Enríque González Guerrero
A challenge of using robots such as learning tool is to support the learning process according to cognitive and emotional user's characteristics. This paper presents a novel framework named Human-Robot Scaffolding, a learning activity during which robots are giving physical, emotional and cognitive support according to the emotional and cognitive learner' scharacteristics. This document is divided into four sections. First, the theoretical concepts from psychology and education, are presented. Second, the scaffolder module grounded in the psychology flow theory, is analyzed. Third, the modules of input, reasoning, interpretation and action, are explained. Finally, the perspectives to implement the framework into Baxter Research Robot, are presented.
如何根据用户的认知和情感特征来支持学习过程是学习工具等机器人的一大挑战。本文提出了一种名为“人-机器人脚手架”的学习框架,即机器人根据学习者的情感和认知特点,在学习过程中提供身体、情感和认知支持。本文档分为四个部分。首先,介绍了心理学和教育学的理论概念。其次,基于心理流理论对支架模块进行了分析。第三,对输入模块、推理模块、解释模块和行动模块进行了说明。最后,提出了在百特研究机器人中实现该框架的观点。
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引用次数: 5
Robotics toolbox for kinematic analysis and design of hybrid multibody systems 混合多体系统运动学分析与设计的机器人工具箱
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023639
Haluk Ozakyol, Cenk Karaman, Z. Bingul
The forward and inverse kinematic analysis of the hybrid systems that using serial and parallel robots together such as legged robots and service robots, is a rather difficult and complex problem and a topic of great interest for researchers. There are so many toolboxes that analyze serial and parallel robots separately. With this toolbox, serial, parallel and hybrid robotic systems used together can be analyzed wholly. In this toolbox, forward and inverse kinematics, Jacobian matrix, trajectory planning, workspace, dexterity and singularities can be examined. Users can create their own robotic systems easily. It is useful for researchers, students and educators, because of its easily applicable form. It provides to users improve the understanding of multi-body hybrid robotic systems fundamentals through interactive simulation. The other toolboxes allow to user analyze the predefined robots at their libraries. In some of them, the user can define a new robot, however, the user must have a prior knowledge and it is a very time consuming process. Using this toolbox, this problem has been overcome and it has become very easy to define new robots. What makes this toolbox unique is to analyze any robot structure using MATLAB.
腿式机器人和服务机器人等串联并联机器人混合系统的运动学正逆分析是一个相当困难和复杂的问题,也是研究人员非常感兴趣的课题。有很多工具箱可以分别分析串行和并行机器人。有了这个工具箱,可以对串联、并联和混合机器人系统进行整体分析。在这个工具箱中,可以检查正运动学和逆运动学、雅可比矩阵、轨迹规划、工作空间、灵巧性和奇异性。用户可以轻松创建自己的机器人系统。它对研究人员、学生和教育工作者都很有用,因为它易于应用。通过交互仿真,提高了用户对多体混合机器人系统基本原理的理解。其他工具箱允许用户分析其库中的预定义机器人。在其中的一些,用户可以定义一个新的机器人,但是,用户必须有一个先验知识,这是一个非常耗时的过程。使用这个工具箱,这个问题已经被克服,它已经变得非常容易定义新的机器人。这个工具箱的独特之处在于可以使用MATLAB分析任何机器人结构。
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引用次数: 2
A high-frequency signal injection based sensorless drive method for brushless DC motor 一种基于高频信号注入的无刷直流电机无传感器驱动方法
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023634
Michael K. L. Siu, K. Woo
Inductance saliency-based position sensing method is a common complement to the ineffectiveness of the traditional back-emf-based methods in low-speed applications, which effect originates from zigzag saturation on core teeth. In this paper, an impedance-tracking based self-sensing method is proposed, which is capable of quickly estimating rotor position by tracking variations on attenuated response of an injected high-frequency signal. Compared to other inductance tracking-based self-sensing methods, this solution removes specific nonlinearities such as semiconductor voltage drop characteristics and coil resistive effect while having minimal impact on the control distortion. Measurements and experiment results demonstrate the versatility of the method on different brushless motor constructions.
基于电感显著性的位置传感方法弥补了传统的基于反电动势的方法在低速应用中的不足,该方法的影响主要来自于磁芯齿的锯齿状饱和。本文提出了一种基于阻抗跟踪的自感知方法,该方法通过跟踪注入高频信号衰减响应的变化来快速估计转子位置。与其他基于电感跟踪的自传感方法相比,该方案消除了半导体压降特性和线圈电阻效应等特定非线性,同时对控制失真的影响最小。测量和实验结果表明,该方法适用于不同的无刷电机结构。
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引用次数: 3
Analysis on elastic strap-based rehabilitation of elbow joint 基于弹性带的肘关节康复分析
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023511
Byoung-Ho Kim
This paper analyses the elastic strap-based rehabilitation of the elbow joint of human arms. The basic idea is that an elastic strap can be used as a tool for the typical elbow joint exercise or rehabilitation. Such an elastic strap has been modeled as a linear spring with a stiffness in this paper, and then we consider a stiffness-based elbow training mechanism for the purpose of rehabilitation of the elbow joint. For effective rehabilitation training by using such a mechanism, we need to analyse the available torque characteristics exerted on the elbow joint according to the stiffness level of the strap. Through various simulations, we identify a torque pattern and a range of the elbow joint available for effectively perform a level of elbow rehabilitation. Finally, we show that the specified stiffness-based exercise scheme can give us a guideline for effective rehabilitation of the elbow joint. In addition, we address the reason why our analysis is helpful for a rehabilitation trainee or trainer. Practically, this analysis can contribute to determine a proper load for appropriate elbow rehabilitation.
本文分析了基于弹性带的人体肘关节康复。基本的想法是,弹性带可以作为一个工具,用于典型的肘关节锻炼或康复。本文将这种弹性带建模为具有刚度的线性弹簧,然后考虑基于刚度的肘关节训练机构,以达到肘关节康复的目的。为了利用这种机构进行有效的康复训练,我们需要根据腕带的刚度水平分析施加在肘关节上的可用扭矩特性。通过各种模拟,我们确定了一种扭矩模式和肘关节范围,可有效地进行肘关节康复。最后,我们证明了指定的基于刚度的运动方案可以为肘关节的有效康复提供指导。此外,我们还说明了为什么我们的分析对康复培训生或培训师有帮助。实际上,这种分析有助于确定适当肘部康复的适当负荷。
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引用次数: 0
Bilateral teleoperation of multiple UAVs with low-energy coordinated formation control 基于低能量编队协调控制的多无人机双边遥操作
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023637
Huiyu Sun, G. Song, Zhong Wei, Y. Zhang, Shengsong Liu
This paper addresses the problem of the low-energy coordinated formation control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a time-varying bilateral teleoperation system. To achieve the multi-UAV cooperative control with time-varying delays, a passive proportional velocity/position errors plus damping injection controller is proposed to enforce the coordinated formation and force tracking of the master haptic device and the slave UAVs. The stability of the controller is analysed by the Lyapunov-Krasovskii function and the delay-dependent stability criteria of system are obtained. Moreover, a min-weighted rigid graph is adopted to reduce the communication energy dissipation. With the optimal rigid topology, the communication links and costs can be decreased. Finally, the human-in-the-loop simulations are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
研究了时变双边远程操作系统中多架无人机的低能量编队协调控制问题。为了实现具有时变延迟的多无人机协同控制,提出了一种被动比例速度/位置误差加阻尼注入控制器,以实现主、从无人机的协调编队和力跟踪。利用Lyapunov-Krasovskii函数分析了控制器的稳定性,得到了系统的时滞相关稳定性判据。此外,采用最小加权刚性图来减小通信能耗。采用最优刚性拓扑结构,可以减少通信链路,降低通信成本。最后,进行了人在环仿真,以评价所提控制方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A dynamic decentralised coalition formation approach for task allocation under tasks priority constraints 任务优先级约束下任务分配的动态分散联盟形成方法
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023526
E. Ayari, S. Hadouaj, K. Ghédira
In some real systems, individual agents often need to form coalitions in order to achieve an overall mission that would be impossible for a single robot. Due to communication and computation constraints, it is infeasible for agents to interact directly with all other agents to form coalitions. This problem becomes more complex and challenging when tasks have different priority levels of execution. Toward this end, in this paper, a decentralized dynamic coalition formation approach is presented. The proposed mechanism operates in a neighborhood agent network. Based on self-adaptation principles, this technique enables agents to dynamically join new coalitions with a higher priority at any time without degrading the system. We empirically evaluate our method through a comparison between a centralized and a decentralized approaches. Experimental results demonstrate the good performance of our proposed approach in terms of computation time with respect to the state-of-the-art approach.
在一些真实的系统中,个体主体通常需要形成联盟来完成单个机器人不可能完成的整体任务。由于通信和计算的限制,智能体与所有其他智能体直接交互形成联盟是不可行的。当任务具有不同的执行优先级时,这个问题变得更加复杂和具有挑战性。为此,本文提出了一种分散的动态联盟形成方法。该机制在邻域代理网络中运行。该技术基于自适应原理,使智能体能够随时动态地加入具有更高优先级的新联盟,而不会降低系统的性能。我们通过集中和分散方法之间的比较来经验地评估我们的方法。实验结果表明,我们提出的方法在计算时间方面相对于最先进的方法具有良好的性能。
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引用次数: 8
Risk-RRT∗: A robot motion planning algorithm for the human robot coexisting environment Risk-RRT *:一种人-机器人共存环境下的机器人运动规划算法
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023670
Wenzheng Chi, M. Meng
In the human robot coexisting environment, to reach the goal efficiently and safely is very meaningful for the mobile service robot. In this paper, a Risk based Rapidly-exploring Random Tree for optimal motion planning (Risk-RRT∗) algorithm is proposed by combining the comfort and collision risk (CCR) map with the RRT∗ algorithm, which provides a variant of the RRT∗ algorithm in the dynamic human robot coexisting environment. In the experiments, the time cost in the navigation process and the length of the trajectory are utilized for the evaluation of the proposed algorithm. A comparison with the Risk-RRT algorithm is carried out and experimental results reveal that our proposed algorithm can achieve a better performance than that of the Risk-RRT in both static and dynamic environments.
在人-机器人共存的环境下,如何高效、安全地达到目标,对于移动服务机器人来说是非常有意义的。本文将舒适与碰撞风险(CCR)映射与RRT∗算法相结合,提出了一种基于风险的快速探索随机树最优运动规划(Risk-RRT∗)算法,提供了动态人机共存环境下RRT∗算法的一种变体。在实验中,利用导航过程的时间成本和轨迹长度对算法进行了评价。与Risk-RRT算法进行了比较,实验结果表明,本文提出的算法在静态和动态环境下都能取得比Risk-RRT算法更好的性能。
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引用次数: 19
Speech responsive mobile robot for transporting objects of different weight categories 用于运输不同重量类别物体的语音响应移动机器人
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023638
Hasan U. Zaman, Joytu Khisha, Naushaba Zerin, Md. Hasin Jamal
In this paper we present a robot with mechanical gripper which has the capability of transporting limited sized objects from one place to another with pick-up and drop capabilities. The robot's responses are based on speech recognition of verbal commands. In our project we have used Google speech recognition module in order to understand verbal commands. We also categorized the objects into six specific categories according to the amount of gripping force required to lift the objects. The categories are divided according to object stiffness. An android application was used to communicate with the robot through Bluetooth communication. The application decodes the human speech into an array of characters which are transmitted to the robot using Bluetooth technology. The robot uses microcontroller which decodes the messages into executable functions. In this project we have designed the robot such that it understands only fifteen distinct verbal commands and ignores others. Being a speech responsive mobile robot it can be effectively used to move objects from one place to another by people with disability or handicap.
本文提出了一种具有机械夹持器的机器人,该机器人具有将有限大小的物体从一个地方运送到另一个地方的能力。机器人的反应是基于对口头命令的语音识别。在我们的项目中,我们使用谷歌语音识别模块来理解口头命令。我们还根据举起物体所需的握力大小将物体分为六类。这些类别是根据物体的刚度划分的。使用一个android应用程序通过蓝牙通信与机器人进行通信。该应用程序将人类语音解码成一组字符,并通过蓝牙技术传输给机器人。机器人使用微控制器将信息解码成可执行的函数。在这个项目中,我们设计的机器人只能理解15种不同的口头命令,而忽略其他命令。作为一个语音响应移动机器人,它可以有效地用于残疾人或残疾人将物体从一个地方移动到另一个地方。
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引用次数: 1
Dark channel based illumination invariant feature detection 基于暗通道的光照不变特征检测
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023662
P. Sun, H. Lau
This paper provides a novel feature detection method which utilizes illumination invariant space to achieve a high performance of robustness under the variating lighting conditions. Taking advantage of the dark channel prior knowledge, the proposed method builds three indicators to describe the illumination invariant components in the RGB color space and eliminates the light sensitive parts. The components retained are transformed to the illumination invariant space in which the traditional feature detection methods works more robustly. In contrast to the current transformation method, the method gives a clearer projection from the RGB space to the illumination invariant space which improve the discerning ability of the feature detection methods. The dark channel prior knowledge helps not only the building of more distinguishable indicators, but also the detection of edge features of an object.
本文提出了一种新的特征检测方法,该方法利用光照不变空间实现了在不同光照条件下的高鲁棒性。该方法利用暗通道先验知识,构建3个指标来描述RGB色彩空间中的光照不变量分量,剔除光敏感部分。将保留的分量变换到光照不变空间,使传统的特征检测方法在光照不变空间中具有更强的鲁棒性。与现有的变换方法相比,该方法从RGB空间到光照不变空间的投影更清晰,提高了特征检测方法的识别能力。暗通道先验知识不仅有助于建立更容易区分的指标,而且有助于检测目标的边缘特征。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2017 18th International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR)
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