Background Endothelial cell (EC) inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of several cardiovascular disorders (CD), including atherosclerosis and sepsis. Ligustrazine (Lig), a bioactive constituent derived from Traditional Chinese Medicine Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, has exhibited in vivo anti-inflammatory properties. Despite the observed positive outcomes, the exact mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects remain unidentified. Aim The goal of this research is to investigate the influence and potential mechanism of Lig on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Introduction These experiments investigate the effectiveness of Lig in preventing LPS-induced damage in HUVECs, with the goal of elucidating the underlying processes at work. Materials and Methods To evaluate HUVECs’ viability, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure changes in ICAM-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) levels. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the levels of ICAM-1, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and toll-like receptors (TLR4) mRNA. Additionally, we performed WB analysis to assess the levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, TLR4, IκBα, and p-IκBα. Results The findings demonstrated significantly suppressed cell viability due to LPS treatment, while Lig treatment increased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Lig also effectively reduced the mRNA levels of ICAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1. Furthermore, Lig pretreatment led to downregulation of TLR4, p-IκBα, and NF-κB p65 in HUVECs. Discussion The findings indicate that Lig reduces LPS-induced inflammation in HUVECs, and that the TLR4/NF-κB pathway is critical in increasing cell survival and minimizing inflammatory damage. This provides possible anti-inflammatory techniques for treating CD. Conclusion In conclusion, our work demonstrates Lig’s anti-inflammatory actions on LPS-stimulated HUVECs. The data suggest that Lig lowers inflammation via regulating the TLR4/NF-B pathway, boosting cell survival, and decreasing inflammatory responses.
{"title":"Effect of Ligustrazine on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammatory Response of Vascular Endothelial Cells and its Possible Mechanism","authors":"Xia Meng Zhang, Zehong Ma, Chengjian Mao, Jihong Zhang, Zhongdanni Ma","doi":"10.1177/09731296231197077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231197077","url":null,"abstract":"Background Endothelial cell (EC) inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of several cardiovascular disorders (CD), including atherosclerosis and sepsis. Ligustrazine (Lig), a bioactive constituent derived from Traditional Chinese Medicine Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, has exhibited in vivo anti-inflammatory properties. Despite the observed positive outcomes, the exact mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects remain unidentified. Aim The goal of this research is to investigate the influence and potential mechanism of Lig on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Introduction These experiments investigate the effectiveness of Lig in preventing LPS-induced damage in HUVECs, with the goal of elucidating the underlying processes at work. Materials and Methods To evaluate HUVECs’ viability, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure changes in ICAM-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) levels. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the levels of ICAM-1, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and toll-like receptors (TLR4) mRNA. Additionally, we performed WB analysis to assess the levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, TLR4, IκBα, and p-IκBα. Results The findings demonstrated significantly suppressed cell viability due to LPS treatment, while Lig treatment increased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Lig also effectively reduced the mRNA levels of ICAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1. Furthermore, Lig pretreatment led to downregulation of TLR4, p-IκBα, and NF-κB p65 in HUVECs. Discussion The findings indicate that Lig reduces LPS-induced inflammation in HUVECs, and that the TLR4/NF-κB pathway is critical in increasing cell survival and minimizing inflammatory damage. This provides possible anti-inflammatory techniques for treating CD. Conclusion In conclusion, our work demonstrates Lig’s anti-inflammatory actions on LPS-stimulated HUVECs. The data suggest that Lig lowers inflammation via regulating the TLR4/NF-B pathway, boosting cell survival, and decreasing inflammatory responses.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/09731296231200509
N. V. Prasanth, P. Pandian, T. Balasubramanian
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered to be the most common form of dementia. The drugs that are available for the treatment of AD provide only partial improvement of the condition. In recent years, natural ingredients have received increased attention in generating novel medications for treating various neurological disorders, including AD. Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa are plants that are routinely included in many Ayurvedic formulations used to manage memory impairment. Objectives The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro anticholinesterase and neuroprotective activities of the plants V. radiata and V. pilosa. Materials and Methods A modified 96-well microplate assay according to Ellman’s method was employed to measure acetyl choline esterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. In vitro neuroprotective effect was measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using the SHSY-5Y (neuroblastoma cells) cell line against β-amyloid induced neurotoxicity. The ethyl acetate extract of V. radiata and the ethanolic extract of V. pilosa, which showed maximum AChE inhibitory activity, were selected for the MTT assay. The cell viability was evaluated by direct observation of cells with the help of an inverted phase contrast microscope, followed by the MTT assay method. Results Maximum AChE inhibitory activity was exhibited by an ethyl acetate extract of V. radiata. It showed AChE activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value of 286.40 µg/mL, while the ethanol extract of V. pilosa showed an IC 50 value of 160.19 µg/mL. Extracts of both plants, V. radiata and V. pilosa, significantly ( p ≤ 0.001) improved the percentage of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The plants V. radiata and V. pilosa showed potent anti-Alzheimer activity when tested using in vitro AChE inhibitory activity and by MTT assay using an β-amyloid-induced in vivo cytotoxicity model. These findings demand the need for further studies using in vivo models.
{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> Neuroprotective Activity of <i>Vigna radiata</i> L. and <i>Vigna pilosa</i> L. on Amyloid Beta-induced Cytotoxicity","authors":"N. V. Prasanth, P. Pandian, T. Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1177/09731296231200509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231200509","url":null,"abstract":"Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered to be the most common form of dementia. The drugs that are available for the treatment of AD provide only partial improvement of the condition. In recent years, natural ingredients have received increased attention in generating novel medications for treating various neurological disorders, including AD. Vigna radiata and Vigna pilosa are plants that are routinely included in many Ayurvedic formulations used to manage memory impairment. Objectives The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro anticholinesterase and neuroprotective activities of the plants V. radiata and V. pilosa. Materials and Methods A modified 96-well microplate assay according to Ellman’s method was employed to measure acetyl choline esterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. In vitro neuroprotective effect was measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using the SHSY-5Y (neuroblastoma cells) cell line against β-amyloid induced neurotoxicity. The ethyl acetate extract of V. radiata and the ethanolic extract of V. pilosa, which showed maximum AChE inhibitory activity, were selected for the MTT assay. The cell viability was evaluated by direct observation of cells with the help of an inverted phase contrast microscope, followed by the MTT assay method. Results Maximum AChE inhibitory activity was exhibited by an ethyl acetate extract of V. radiata. It showed AChE activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value of 286.40 µg/mL, while the ethanol extract of V. pilosa showed an IC 50 value of 160.19 µg/mL. Extracts of both plants, V. radiata and V. pilosa, significantly ( p ≤ 0.001) improved the percentage of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The plants V. radiata and V. pilosa showed potent anti-Alzheimer activity when tested using in vitro AChE inhibitory activity and by MTT assay using an β-amyloid-induced in vivo cytotoxicity model. These findings demand the need for further studies using in vivo models.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/09731296231189619
Sapna Salar, Pankaj Sharma, None Gaurav
Background Medicinal plants standardization is more concerning for its regulatory aspects based on safety, quality, and efficacy. Nyctanthes arbor-tristris is an Indian-origin medicinal plant that is used for numerous acute and chronic diseases. Due to the lack of an ethnopharmacological perspective based on biomolecular mechanisms, this study is associated to explore quality-based standardization and biomolecular mechanism of Nyctanthes arbor-tristris phytochemicals as a therapeutic application regimen in liver disease and associated complications. Materials and Methods 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and iron chelating effect of prepared extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristris was examined for antioxidant effect. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (LC–MS) qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted to unravel metabolites of Nyctanthes arbor-tristris. Network pharmacology as well as in-silico docking analysis were performed to examine molecular interaction of ligands and targeted genes that regulate liver malfunction. Results The results revealed that Nyctanthes arbor-tristris significantly ( P < 0.05) scavenge DPPH free radicals and iron chelating effect and thus exhibited an antioxidant effect. HPTLC and LC–MS analysis showed several major and minor metabolites Nyctanthes arbor-tristris the content of naringenin, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid was found to be 1.662 ± 0.027, 4.411 ± 0.201, and 4.846 ± 0.154, respectively. Network pharmacology and in-silico docking analysis revealed the multi-targeted therapeutic effect of metabolites identified in Nyctanthes arbor-tristris against liver disease and associated pathophysiology’s via regulation in the expression of several genes such as nitric oxide synthase (NOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins (ILs), toll-like receptors (TLRs) and serum aminotransferase. Conclusion The study concludes that Nyctanthes arbor-tristris play a multi-mechanistic and therapeutic action against liver-associated distortion and functional inability against oxidative and inflammatory stress, hepatocytes fibrosis, and apoptosis.
{"title":"Quality Control and Multi-targeted Therapeutic Approach of <i>Nyctanthes arbor-tristris</i> for Management of Hepatic Disease and Associated Complications","authors":"Sapna Salar, Pankaj Sharma, None Gaurav","doi":"10.1177/09731296231189619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231189619","url":null,"abstract":"Background Medicinal plants standardization is more concerning for its regulatory aspects based on safety, quality, and efficacy. Nyctanthes arbor-tristris is an Indian-origin medicinal plant that is used for numerous acute and chronic diseases. Due to the lack of an ethnopharmacological perspective based on biomolecular mechanisms, this study is associated to explore quality-based standardization and biomolecular mechanism of Nyctanthes arbor-tristris phytochemicals as a therapeutic application regimen in liver disease and associated complications. Materials and Methods 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and iron chelating effect of prepared extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristris was examined for antioxidant effect. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (LC–MS) qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted to unravel metabolites of Nyctanthes arbor-tristris. Network pharmacology as well as in-silico docking analysis were performed to examine molecular interaction of ligands and targeted genes that regulate liver malfunction. Results The results revealed that Nyctanthes arbor-tristris significantly ( P < 0.05) scavenge DPPH free radicals and iron chelating effect and thus exhibited an antioxidant effect. HPTLC and LC–MS analysis showed several major and minor metabolites Nyctanthes arbor-tristris the content of naringenin, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid was found to be 1.662 ± 0.027, 4.411 ± 0.201, and 4.846 ± 0.154, respectively. Network pharmacology and in-silico docking analysis revealed the multi-targeted therapeutic effect of metabolites identified in Nyctanthes arbor-tristris against liver disease and associated pathophysiology’s via regulation in the expression of several genes such as nitric oxide synthase (NOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins (ILs), toll-like receptors (TLRs) and serum aminotransferase. Conclusion The study concludes that Nyctanthes arbor-tristris play a multi-mechanistic and therapeutic action against liver-associated distortion and functional inability against oxidative and inflammatory stress, hepatocytes fibrosis, and apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135580146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly metastatic primary bone malignancy, and the treatment options remain inadequate. Hence, exploring innovative natural medications is required. Prunetin (PRU) is an isoflavone that has been a proven anticancer agent in numerous cancer cell lines. However, the activity of PRU against OS remains uncertain. Here, we studied the anticancer activity of PRU (20 and 25 µM) on human OS cells MG-63 and investigated its latent mechanism. The PRU activity of MG-63 cells cytotoxicity, intracellular ROS, metastasis, apoptosis, anti-apoptotic proteins, MAPK/STAT-3, and AKT signaling pathways was assessed by MTT assay, DCFH-DA, DAPI, PI, AO/EB, cell adhesion, and RT-PCR analysis. Findings unveiled that PRU could constrain MG-63 cell viability and adhesion through elevated intracellular ROS and elicited apoptosis. Likewise, PRU (20 and 25 µM) avert the MG-63 cell proliferation, which stimulates apoptosis by the enhancement of Bax and caspases, while it diminishes Bcl-2 in a dose-dependent way. Furthermore, PRU could reduce Pin-1, and anti-apoptotic elements, as well as trigger apoptotic signaling pathways. Our data established that PRU alleviates MG-63 cell proliferation and metastasis via ROS-mediated apoptosis, which triggers MAPKs/STAT3 and AKT pathways, suggesting that PRU is a promising natural remedy for OS. In order to comprehend the therapeutic target for cancer, we assessed the effect of PRU on the expression of Pin1, which is thought to be over-expressed in many human malignancies. According to our findings, PRU specifically suppressed Pin1 expression to reduce the expression of Akt, STAT3, P38, JNK, P65, and IL-6. We evaluated the impact of PRU on the expression of Pin1, which is allegedly over-expressed in many human malignancies, to better understand the therapeutic target for cancer. Researchers state that PRU inhibited the expression of Akt, STAT3, P38, JNK, P65, and IL-6 in particular, by suppressing Pin1 expression. Together, these results suggest that PRU may be an effective treatment for bone cancer in people by preventing Pin1 expression.
{"title":"Prunetin Triggers ROS-mediated Apoptosis through the Suppression of MAPKs/STAT-3/NF-κB-p65 Signaling Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma Cells","authors":"Meng Gao, Ya Wang, Weibo Liu, Zelong Song, Xiangyu Wang, Xuesong Zhang","doi":"10.1177/09731296231188784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231188784","url":null,"abstract":"Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly metastatic primary bone malignancy, and the treatment options remain inadequate. Hence, exploring innovative natural medications is required. Prunetin (PRU) is an isoflavone that has been a proven anticancer agent in numerous cancer cell lines. However, the activity of PRU against OS remains uncertain. Here, we studied the anticancer activity of PRU (20 and 25 µM) on human OS cells MG-63 and investigated its latent mechanism. The PRU activity of MG-63 cells cytotoxicity, intracellular ROS, metastasis, apoptosis, anti-apoptotic proteins, MAPK/STAT-3, and AKT signaling pathways was assessed by MTT assay, DCFH-DA, DAPI, PI, AO/EB, cell adhesion, and RT-PCR analysis. Findings unveiled that PRU could constrain MG-63 cell viability and adhesion through elevated intracellular ROS and elicited apoptosis. Likewise, PRU (20 and 25 µM) avert the MG-63 cell proliferation, which stimulates apoptosis by the enhancement of Bax and caspases, while it diminishes Bcl-2 in a dose-dependent way. Furthermore, PRU could reduce Pin-1, and anti-apoptotic elements, as well as trigger apoptotic signaling pathways. Our data established that PRU alleviates MG-63 cell proliferation and metastasis via ROS-mediated apoptosis, which triggers MAPKs/STAT3 and AKT pathways, suggesting that PRU is a promising natural remedy for OS. In order to comprehend the therapeutic target for cancer, we assessed the effect of PRU on the expression of Pin1, which is thought to be over-expressed in many human malignancies. According to our findings, PRU specifically suppressed Pin1 expression to reduce the expression of Akt, STAT3, P38, JNK, P65, and IL-6. We evaluated the impact of PRU on the expression of Pin1, which is allegedly over-expressed in many human malignancies, to better understand the therapeutic target for cancer. Researchers state that PRU inhibited the expression of Akt, STAT3, P38, JNK, P65, and IL-6 in particular, by suppressing Pin1 expression. Together, these results suggest that PRU may be an effective treatment for bone cancer in people by preventing Pin1 expression.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/09731296231198286
Xiaowan Zeng, Yajing Lin, Chaonan Wang
Objectives Bee pollen (BP) contains isoflavonoids and minerals that can be effective in bone repair, stimulation of osteoprogenitors, differentiation of osteoblasts, and inhibition of osteoclasts. For this purpose, in the present study, BP was used to stimulate osteogenesis in an animal model of a femur fracture. Materials and Methods After induction of the femur fracture model, 80 Wistar rats in eight groups ( n = 10) were studied as follows. Normal control group (0.5 cc of distilled water, DW/gavage/90 days), BP group (200 mg/kg BP/daily/gavage/90 days), fracture (FX-0.5 cc of distilled water/gavage/90 days), FX group treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg BP (100 and 200 mg/kg BP/daily/gavage/90 days), FX group treated with osteocare (OC) syrup (1 mL/day/gavage/90 days) and combinatorial FX groups treated with BP and OC syrup (100 and 200 mg/kg BP plus 1 mL OC/daily/gavage/90 days). On the 30th, 60th, and 90th days, radiography of the lesion was done. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry during the mentioned days. At the end of the study, blood calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), along with the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzymes, and nitric oxide levels, were measured. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. In order to evaluate the stimulation of osteoprogenitors, the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) genes and proteins in bone tissue was measured. Results The evaluations of this study showed that BP could improve BMD parameters through stimulation of the OPG/RANK/BMP-2 pathway. BP also improved serum levels of biochemical factors (Ca, P, and ALP) and hormones related to osteogenesis. Conclusion BP can be used for bone fractures and disorders related to osteoporosis.
{"title":"Bee Pollen Stimulated BMP2 and RANK Signaling Pathway in Osteoprogenitors and Improved Bone Mineralization in Rat Model of Femur Fracture","authors":"Xiaowan Zeng, Yajing Lin, Chaonan Wang","doi":"10.1177/09731296231198286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231198286","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Bee pollen (BP) contains isoflavonoids and minerals that can be effective in bone repair, stimulation of osteoprogenitors, differentiation of osteoblasts, and inhibition of osteoclasts. For this purpose, in the present study, BP was used to stimulate osteogenesis in an animal model of a femur fracture. Materials and Methods After induction of the femur fracture model, 80 Wistar rats in eight groups ( n = 10) were studied as follows. Normal control group (0.5 cc of distilled water, DW/gavage/90 days), BP group (200 mg/kg BP/daily/gavage/90 days), fracture (FX-0.5 cc of distilled water/gavage/90 days), FX group treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg BP (100 and 200 mg/kg BP/daily/gavage/90 days), FX group treated with osteocare (OC) syrup (1 mL/day/gavage/90 days) and combinatorial FX groups treated with BP and OC syrup (100 and 200 mg/kg BP plus 1 mL OC/daily/gavage/90 days). On the 30th, 60th, and 90th days, radiography of the lesion was done. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry during the mentioned days. At the end of the study, blood calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), along with the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzymes, and nitric oxide levels, were measured. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. In order to evaluate the stimulation of osteoprogenitors, the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) genes and proteins in bone tissue was measured. Results The evaluations of this study showed that BP could improve BMD parameters through stimulation of the OPG/RANK/BMP-2 pathway. BP also improved serum levels of biochemical factors (Ca, P, and ALP) and hormones related to osteogenesis. Conclusion BP can be used for bone fractures and disorders related to osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nasopharyngeal epithelium, which is frequently found in Southeast Asia and Southern China, gives rise to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Despite improvements in diagnostic tools and remedial modalities, the prognosis of NPC remains meager. Thus, innovative and effective anti-cancer agents are desirable. Voacangine (VCG) is a recognized alkaloid sequestered from the plant Voacanga foetida. Hence, the current research assessed the anti-proliferative and apoptotic action of VCG on HK-1 human NPC cells and its underlying molecular actions. The results exposed that VCG (20 and 25 µ/ml) avert the HK-1 cells proliferation, which stimulates apoptosis by the amelioration of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspases, while it lessens cyclin-D1, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), c-Myc, survivin in a dose-dependent way. Furthermore, VCG alleviates inflammation, cell proliferation, and augmented cell death through the attenuation of Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) facilitated Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Protein kinase B/Mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling. This creates a Bax/Bcl-2 proportion imbalance, which triggers caspases cascade, Cyt-c, and induces apoptosis. Our findings deliver novel perceptions into exploring VCG as a beneficial bioactive alkaloid for the handling of NPC.
{"title":"Voacangine Mitigates Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells HK-1 Proliferation and Triggers Apoptosis Through the Suppression of NF-κB Facilitated PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway","authors":"Aihui Hou, Huimin Zhen, Xiaofeng Qiao, Herong Dang, Yuanfeng Shen","doi":"10.1177/09731296231197274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231197274","url":null,"abstract":"The nasopharyngeal epithelium, which is frequently found in Southeast Asia and Southern China, gives rise to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Despite improvements in diagnostic tools and remedial modalities, the prognosis of NPC remains meager. Thus, innovative and effective anti-cancer agents are desirable. Voacangine (VCG) is a recognized alkaloid sequestered from the plant Voacanga foetida. Hence, the current research assessed the anti-proliferative and apoptotic action of VCG on HK-1 human NPC cells and its underlying molecular actions. The results exposed that VCG (20 and 25 µ/ml) avert the HK-1 cells proliferation, which stimulates apoptosis by the amelioration of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspases, while it lessens cyclin-D1, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), c-Myc, survivin in a dose-dependent way. Furthermore, VCG alleviates inflammation, cell proliferation, and augmented cell death through the attenuation of Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) facilitated Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Protein kinase B/Mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling. This creates a Bax/Bcl-2 proportion imbalance, which triggers caspases cascade, Cyt-c, and induces apoptosis. Our findings deliver novel perceptions into exploring VCG as a beneficial bioactive alkaloid for the handling of NPC.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/09731296231199860
Wei-Wei Wang, Xiao-Lei Liu, Yu Ding, Ya-Di Chen, Dan Ma, Rui Bu, Tian-Hao Bao
Objectives Scutellarin, which is obtained from Erigeron breviscapus Hand-Mazz (EBHM), is a flavonoid that has demonstrated the ability to safeguard neural stem cells from hypoxia-induced damage and prevent cell apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial impacts of Scutellarin on mitophagy in both in vivo and in vitro models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Materials and Methods Prior to inducing models of myocardial I/R injury, mice were administered either Scutellarin (50 mg/kg/day) or a vehicle for seven consecutive days. The mice underwent I/R injury (30 min of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation followed by 120 min of reperfusion). Myocardial injury markers were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The size of the myocardial infarction was measured via 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride triazole staining, and the protein expression of LC3 and caspase-3 was determined through Western blot analysis. In vitro experiments were conducted utilizing cultured H9C2 cells subjected to an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of Scutellarin’s positive effects (50 µM). Results It shows that Scutellarin treatment reduced the size of the myocardial infarctions and decreased the levels of myocardial injury markers. Western blot analysis showed that protein expression of caspase-3 was decreasing and the ratio of LC3Ⅱ to LC3Ⅰ was increasing in the Scutellarin group. In vitro, Scutellarin decreased oxidative stress markers, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential (∇Ψm), decreased mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening rate, promoted mitochondrial fusion, inhibited mitochondrial fission, and increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and cell viability. Scutellarin increased the commitment of mitophagy by regulating Pink and Parkin, while apoptosis decreased. cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation were also modulated by Scutellarin. Conclusion The myocardial protective effect of Scutellarin may be associated with the phosphorylation of CREB and ERK1/2.
{"title":"Scutellarin Protects Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury ERK1/2-CREB Regulated Mitophagy","authors":"Wei-Wei Wang, Xiao-Lei Liu, Yu Ding, Ya-Di Chen, Dan Ma, Rui Bu, Tian-Hao Bao","doi":"10.1177/09731296231199860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231199860","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Scutellarin, which is obtained from Erigeron breviscapus Hand-Mazz (EBHM), is a flavonoid that has demonstrated the ability to safeguard neural stem cells from hypoxia-induced damage and prevent cell apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial impacts of Scutellarin on mitophagy in both in vivo and in vitro models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Materials and Methods Prior to inducing models of myocardial I/R injury, mice were administered either Scutellarin (50 mg/kg/day) or a vehicle for seven consecutive days. The mice underwent I/R injury (30 min of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation followed by 120 min of reperfusion). Myocardial injury markers were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The size of the myocardial infarction was measured via 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride triazole staining, and the protein expression of LC3 and caspase-3 was determined through Western blot analysis. In vitro experiments were conducted utilizing cultured H9C2 cells subjected to an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of Scutellarin’s positive effects (50 µM). Results It shows that Scutellarin treatment reduced the size of the myocardial infarctions and decreased the levels of myocardial injury markers. Western blot analysis showed that protein expression of caspase-3 was decreasing and the ratio of LC3Ⅱ to LC3Ⅰ was increasing in the Scutellarin group. In vitro, Scutellarin decreased oxidative stress markers, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential (∇Ψm), decreased mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening rate, promoted mitochondrial fusion, inhibited mitochondrial fission, and increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and cell viability. Scutellarin increased the commitment of mitophagy by regulating Pink and Parkin, while apoptosis decreased. cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation were also modulated by Scutellarin. Conclusion The myocardial protective effect of Scutellarin may be associated with the phosphorylation of CREB and ERK1/2.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/09731296231195941
Tesfay T. Tesfatsion, Giovanni A. Ramirez, Maite L. Docampo-Palacios, Arianna C. Collins, Kyle P. Ray, Westley Cruces
Introduction Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of many naturally biosynthesized compounds produced by Cannabis sativa. There is limited information available in the literature on hydrogenated CBD (tetrahydro cannabidiol or H4CBD) ( Adams et al., 1940b ). As hydrogenated derivatives of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and CBD become increasingly popular in consumer markets, toxicological assessments are vital in identifying toxic characteristics, if any, caused by hydrogenated cannabinoids. Objectives Assessment of the preclinical toxicology of hydrogenated CBD is provided through the in vitro safety study of racemic H4CBD in hepatocytes, normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF), and primary human neural progenitor (NPC) cell lines. The importance of these cell lines is related to major organs and is the primary focus in determining any major toxic characteristics when consuming products. The inclusion of the human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) patch clamp test, observes any inhibition of sodium and potassium ion channels related to the arrhythmia of the heart. Also, the AMES test was conducted to determine any carcinogenic characteristics that H4CBD might impose. Materials and Methods Plated NHLF, hepatocytes, and NPC were used in a preclinical 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for cytotoxicity observations with the visible color change of cellular use of formazan, while a plated AMES test was conducted to monitor any visible mutations within Escherichia coli for carcinogenic activity. Plated cloned HEK293 cells were given set voltages to determine ion channel activity to determine if H4CBD causes inhibition within these pathways, which would mimic any arrhythmia potential in cardiomyocytes. Results Screening of the MTT assay had a median calculated 3.25 micromolar concentration where cell viability remained high in NHLF and NPC, with higher concentrations leading to decreased cell viability. A 3.25 micromolar concentration is also the median for hepatocytes, with a discrepancy in some of the data that could be accounted for by miscounting colonies. The hERG patch clamp test provided a zero net inhibition with values adding up to zero, determining that the compound did not inhibit normal processes within the ion channels of the plated HEK293 cells. The analysis of the different cell types revealed varying responses to H4CBD. NHLF exhibited a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability, with sustained concentrations over 24 h at 6.25 µM resulting in a significant loss of viability. Conversely, hepatocytes showed a trend of decreased viability at longer exposure times and higher concentrations, but severe cytotoxicity was not observed. This suggests that hepatocytes are less susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of H4CBD compared to NHLF. In the hERG assay, H4CBD did not inhibit the action potentials within cardiomyocytes, indicating no inhibition of ion channels involved in cardiac function. This finding is importan
大麻二酚(CBD)是由大麻产生的多种天然生物合成化合物之一。关于氢化CBD(四氢大麻二酚或H4CBD)的文献资料有限(Adams et al.， 1940b)。随着四氢大麻酚(THC)和CBD的氢化衍生物在消费市场上越来越受欢迎，毒理学评估对于确定氢化大麻素引起的毒性特征至关重要。目的通过体外对肝细胞、正常人肺成纤维细胞(NHLF)和人原代神经祖细胞(NPC)进行安全性研究，评估氢化CBD的临床前毒理学。这些细胞系的重要性与主要器官有关，是确定食用产品时任何主要毒性特征的主要焦点。包括人类乙醚-a- a-go-go相关基因(hERG)膜片钳试验，观察到与心律失常有关的钠和钾离子通道的任何抑制。此外，AMES测试是为了确定H4CBD可能带来的任何致癌特征。材料与方法采用3-[4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-酰基]-2,5二苯基溴化四唑(MTT)临床前细胞毒性试验，观察使用福马嗪后细胞的可见颜色变化，同时采用电镀AMES试验监测大肠杆菌内任何可见突变的致癌活性。将克隆的HEK293细胞镀上固定电压以测定离子通道活性，以确定H4CBD是否在这些通路中引起抑制，这将模拟心肌细胞中的任何心律失常电位。结果MTT试验筛选的中位数计算浓度为3.25微摩尔，NHLF和NPC的细胞活力保持较高，浓度越高，细胞活力越低。3.25微摩尔浓度也是肝细胞的中位数，其中一些数据的差异可能是由于菌落计数错误造成的。hERG膜片钳试验提供了零净抑制值，其值相加为零，确定该化合物不抑制镀HEK293细胞离子通道内的正常过程。对不同细胞类型的分析揭示了对H4CBD的不同反应。NHLF表现出浓度依赖性的细胞活力降低，在6.25µM下持续浓度超过24小时，导致细胞活力明显丧失。相反，在较长的暴露时间和较高的浓度下，肝细胞表现出活力下降的趋势，但未观察到严重的细胞毒性。这表明，与NHLF相比，肝细胞对H4CBD的细胞毒性作用不太敏感。在hERG实验中，H4CBD没有抑制心肌细胞内的动作电位，表明没有抑制参与心功能的离子通道。这一发现对于评估H4CBD对心血管的潜在影响非常重要。AMES试验结果为阴性，表明H4CBD在被试菌株中不表现出诱变活性。结论本实验支持了H4CBD不具有致癌潜力的结论。人鼻咽癌和NHLF的中位浓度均为3.25µM，细胞活力显著降低。这些信息对于确定H4CBD的研究或消费者使用限制是有价值的。值得注意的是，这项研究代表了临床前评估，需要进一步的研究。实验设计遵循通常用于新药临床前评估的方案。这些发现提供了对H4CBD细胞毒性作用的深入了解，并有助于建立研究和安全参数，因为这些化合物继续受到关注。
{"title":"Evaluation of Preclinical <i>in vitro</i> Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, and Cardiac-Toxicity Screenings of Hydrogenated Cannabidiol","authors":"Tesfay T. Tesfatsion, Giovanni A. Ramirez, Maite L. Docampo-Palacios, Arianna C. Collins, Kyle P. Ray, Westley Cruces","doi":"10.1177/09731296231195941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231195941","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of many naturally biosynthesized compounds produced by Cannabis sativa. There is limited information available in the literature on hydrogenated CBD (tetrahydro cannabidiol or H4CBD) ( Adams et al., 1940b ). As hydrogenated derivatives of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and CBD become increasingly popular in consumer markets, toxicological assessments are vital in identifying toxic characteristics, if any, caused by hydrogenated cannabinoids. Objectives Assessment of the preclinical toxicology of hydrogenated CBD is provided through the in vitro safety study of racemic H4CBD in hepatocytes, normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF), and primary human neural progenitor (NPC) cell lines. The importance of these cell lines is related to major organs and is the primary focus in determining any major toxic characteristics when consuming products. The inclusion of the human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) patch clamp test, observes any inhibition of sodium and potassium ion channels related to the arrhythmia of the heart. Also, the AMES test was conducted to determine any carcinogenic characteristics that H4CBD might impose. Materials and Methods Plated NHLF, hepatocytes, and NPC were used in a preclinical 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for cytotoxicity observations with the visible color change of cellular use of formazan, while a plated AMES test was conducted to monitor any visible mutations within Escherichia coli for carcinogenic activity. Plated cloned HEK293 cells were given set voltages to determine ion channel activity to determine if H4CBD causes inhibition within these pathways, which would mimic any arrhythmia potential in cardiomyocytes. Results Screening of the MTT assay had a median calculated 3.25 micromolar concentration where cell viability remained high in NHLF and NPC, with higher concentrations leading to decreased cell viability. A 3.25 micromolar concentration is also the median for hepatocytes, with a discrepancy in some of the data that could be accounted for by miscounting colonies. The hERG patch clamp test provided a zero net inhibition with values adding up to zero, determining that the compound did not inhibit normal processes within the ion channels of the plated HEK293 cells. The analysis of the different cell types revealed varying responses to H4CBD. NHLF exhibited a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability, with sustained concentrations over 24 h at 6.25 µM resulting in a significant loss of viability. Conversely, hepatocytes showed a trend of decreased viability at longer exposure times and higher concentrations, but severe cytotoxicity was not observed. This suggests that hepatocytes are less susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of H4CBD compared to NHLF. In the hERG assay, H4CBD did not inhibit the action potentials within cardiomyocytes, indicating no inhibition of ion channels involved in cardiac function. This finding is importan","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background The prevalence of obesity is rising worldwide. Due to the side effects associated with modern drugs, there is a need for an alternative treatment for obesity management. Triphala (TP), a polyherbal formulation from Ayurveda, is used by Ayurvedic physicians for weight loss. Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the effects of TP on obesity at the biochemical, histological, and molecular levels. Materials and Methods Male Wistar rats (125–150 g, 6–7 weeks old) were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for total of 48 days. From day 24 to day 48, along with HFD, rats were given an aqueous extract of TP (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) or atorvastatin (1.2 mg/kg/day). Biochemical parameters were estimated in serum. Histopathology was done for the liver and adipose tissue. Levels of the genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Monoamine levels were estimated from the brain tissue. Results At the end of the study (day 48), compared to only HFD receiving group (DC), all TP-treated groups showed a significant decrease in body weight, serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde, and noradrenaline levels. High-density lipoprotein, adiponectin, superoxide dismutase, serotonin, and dopamine levels were found to be increased compared to DC rats. Expression of various genes involved in lipid metabolism was found to be down regulated only in TP 100 group compared with DC. Additionally, all TP groups showed a reduction in adipocyte size and restored monoamine levels. Conclusion The aqueous extract of TP had shown an anti-obesity effect as demonstrated by lowering inflammation and oxidative stress, adipocyte size, and modulation of expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.
{"title":"Anti-obesity Effects of <i>Triphala</i> at Biochemical and Molecular Level in High-Fat Diet-induced Obese Rats","authors":"Supriya Sudhakar Bhalerao, Asavari Anirudha Joshi, Suresh Khadke, and Arulmozhi Sathiyanarayan","doi":"10.1177/09731296231198316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231198316","url":null,"abstract":"Background The prevalence of obesity is rising worldwide. Due to the side effects associated with modern drugs, there is a need for an alternative treatment for obesity management. Triphala (TP), a polyherbal formulation from Ayurveda, is used by Ayurvedic physicians for weight loss. Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the effects of TP on obesity at the biochemical, histological, and molecular levels. Materials and Methods Male Wistar rats (125–150 g, 6–7 weeks old) were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for total of 48 days. From day 24 to day 48, along with HFD, rats were given an aqueous extract of TP (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) or atorvastatin (1.2 mg/kg/day). Biochemical parameters were estimated in serum. Histopathology was done for the liver and adipose tissue. Levels of the genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Monoamine levels were estimated from the brain tissue. Results At the end of the study (day 48), compared to only HFD receiving group (DC), all TP-treated groups showed a significant decrease in body weight, serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde, and noradrenaline levels. High-density lipoprotein, adiponectin, superoxide dismutase, serotonin, and dopamine levels were found to be increased compared to DC rats. Expression of various genes involved in lipid metabolism was found to be down regulated only in TP 100 group compared with DC. Additionally, all TP groups showed a reduction in adipocyte size and restored monoamine levels. Conclusion The aqueous extract of TP had shown an anti-obesity effect as demonstrated by lowering inflammation and oxidative stress, adipocyte size, and modulation of expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1177/09731296231189106
Xiaoyang Gong, Jiaqi Zhou, Haonan Xia, Chong You, Yong Liu
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms and material basis of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) in treating clinical Ischemic stroke (IS) using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Materials and Methods The study retrieved and screened the practical components of HGWD from the TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, and ETCM databases. Target prediction was performed using the SwissTargetPrediction database, and disease targets for IS were obtained from the Gene Cards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases. The regulatory targets for HGWD in treating IS were obtained by VENN analysis, and the protein-protein interaction network of disease targets was constructed using the STRING database. GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed using the DAVID database. Results A total of 227 active ingredients and 354 drug targets were obtained for HGWD, and after combining them with 4,402 disease targets, 253 potential targets for HGWD to treat IS were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses yielded 251 gene functions and 422 pathways. The study found that the active components in HGWD may treat IS through the IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and other targets. Conclusion The study identified potential molecular mechanisms and the material basis of HGWD in treating clinical IS. The results suggest that HGWD could be a promising therapeutic approach for treating IS, and further experimental validation is needed.
{"title":"Network Pharmacology-based Analysis of the Effects of <i>Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu</i> Decoction on Ischemic Stroke<sup>*</sup>","authors":"Xiaoyang Gong, Jiaqi Zhou, Haonan Xia, Chong You, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1177/09731296231189106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231189106","url":null,"abstract":"Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms and material basis of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) in treating clinical Ischemic stroke (IS) using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Materials and Methods The study retrieved and screened the practical components of HGWD from the TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, and ETCM databases. Target prediction was performed using the SwissTargetPrediction database, and disease targets for IS were obtained from the Gene Cards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases. The regulatory targets for HGWD in treating IS were obtained by VENN analysis, and the protein-protein interaction network of disease targets was constructed using the STRING database. GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed using the DAVID database. Results A total of 227 active ingredients and 354 drug targets were obtained for HGWD, and after combining them with 4,402 disease targets, 253 potential targets for HGWD to treat IS were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses yielded 251 gene functions and 422 pathways. The study found that the active components in HGWD may treat IS through the IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and other targets. Conclusion The study identified potential molecular mechanisms and the material basis of HGWD in treating clinical IS. The results suggest that HGWD could be a promising therapeutic approach for treating IS, and further experimental validation is needed.","PeriodicalId":19895,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy Magazine","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134958217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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