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Emulsion containing a chitosan derivative in children with mild atopic dermatitis: A randomized controlled trial.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70076
Nagatoshi Sagara, Kenichi Akashi, Miori Sato, Mizuho Nagao, Toshio Katsunuma

Background: Recently, partially myristoylated carboxymethyl chitosan (PMCMC) was developed in Japan. To compare the efficacy and safety of PMCMC-containing emulsion and petrolatum, we conducted a randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Eligible patients were children aged 1-<6 years who had mild atopic dermatitis (with Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI] ≤7.0). Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive PMCMC-containing emulsion or petrolatum. Study treatments were applied to the body twice daily for 8 weeks. The co-primary endpoints were the changes in EASI and total score of Quality of life in Primary Caregivers of children with Atopic Dermatitis (QP-CAD) from baseline to the end of the treatment.

Results: Between February 2020 and August 2022, 80 participants (39, emulsion group; 41, petrolatum group) were enrolled and included in the analysis. The decrease in EASI at the end of the treatment was greater in the emulsion group than in the petrolatum group with the LS mean (SE) change of -0.74 (0.31) in the emulsion group and 0.29 (0.31) in the petrolatum group (difference -1.02, 95% CI -1.90 to -0.15; p = .022). The decrease in total QP-CAD was also greater in the emulsion group than in the petrolatum group with the LS mean (SE) change of -1.63 (1.08) and 1.55 (1.01), respectively (difference -3.18, 95% CI -6.13 to -0.22; p = .035). All adverse events in the emulsion group were mild.

Conclusion: PMCMC-containing emulsion significantly improved disease severity of children and quality of life of caregivers compared with petrolatum.

Trial registration: https://jrct.mhlw.go.jp/-number: jRCTs031190201.

背景:最近,日本开发出了部分肉豆蔻酰化羧甲基壳聚糖(PMCMC)。为了比较含 PMCMC 的乳液和凡士林的疗效和安全性,我们进行了一项随机对照试验:方法:符合条件的患者为 1 岁儿童:结果:2020 年 2 月至 2022 年 8 月期间,80 名参与者(乳液组 39 人;凡士林组 41 人)被纳入分析。治疗结束时,乳液组的EASI下降幅度大于凡士林组,乳液组的LS平均值(SE)变化为-0.74(0.31),凡士林组为0.29(0.31)(差异为-1.02,95% CI为-1.90至-0.15;P = .022)。乳液组总QP-CAD的下降幅度也大于凡士林组,LS平均值(SE)分别为-1.63(1.08)和1.55(1.01)(差异-3.18,95% CI -6.13至-0.22;p = .035)。乳剂组的所有不良反应均为轻微:结论:与凡士林相比,含PMCMC的乳液能明显改善儿童的疾病严重程度和护理人员的生活质量。试验注册:https://jrct.mhlw.go.jp/-number:jRCTs031190201。
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引用次数: 0
New insights into the mechanisms of childhood food allergies.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70069
Liam Gubbels, Richard Saffery, Melanie R Neeland

IgE-mediated food allergies are common and can be life-threatening, especially for children. With increasingly rapid advances in immunological technologies, including the ability to profile highly complex immune features from small sample volumes, our understanding of the immune mechanisms that underpin the development of food allergies continues to grow. This also extends to the immune mechanisms associated with the outcomes of oral immunotherapy (OIT). This review focuses on studies within the past 5 years related to immune signatures associated with food allergy in childhood, immune responses that determine reaction severities to offending allergens, immune alterations that occur during OIT in children, and immune effects of adjunct therapies including omalizumab, dupilumab, and abrocitinib. We conclude by providing a perspective on current evidence and directions for future research that will enable new prediction and screening tools and facilitate the development of effective curative strategies.

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引用次数: 0
Reply to Dr. Yingli Lin et al.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70070
Xiaolan Zhang, Yujie Han, Qiaohuan Tian, Linjun Du, Lifang Chen, Yue Zhang, Xuening Guo, Xiaoying Li
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of diagnostic tests for immediate-type allergic reactions to amide group local anesthetics in children.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70085
Sinem Aslan, Hülya Anıl, Muhammet Kaya, Koray Harmancı

Background: Local anesthetics (LAs) are widely utilized to provide analgesia in minor surgical interventions. Although patients are frequently referred for suspected LA allergies in clinical practice, confirmed cases of immediate-type hypersensitivity remain rare. This study aims to establish an optimal diagnostic protocol for immediate-type LA allergy in children and to assess the practicality and reliability of an alternative diagnostic approach for hypersensitivity testing of amide-type local anesthetics.

Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with suspected immediate-type reactions to LAs administered by pediatric dentists between January 2019 and August 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. All children underwent a skin prick test (SPT), followed if negative by an intradermal test (IDT) at a 1:10 dilution. If intradermal testing was also negative, a subcutaneous provocation test was subsequently performed.

Results: A total of 88 patients (47 boys, 41 girls), with a mean age of 8.5 ± 3.5 years, were included. In most cases (n = 59, 67%), the suspected LA was unidentified. Among the known agents, articaine (n = 18, 20.5%) and lidocaine (n = 11, 12.5%) were the most frequently reported. IDT results were positive in 11 patients (12.5%), with articaine in 8 cases (61.5%), prilocaine in 3 cases (23%), and lidocaine in 2 cases (15.5%). Intradermal testing at a 1:10 dilution demonstrated a high negative predictive value (99%) for immediate-type reactions.

Conclusion: For the diagnosis of immediate-type LA allergy, including cases with a history of anaphylaxis, an IDT at a 1:10 dilution following a negative SPT, followed by subcutaneous provocation, may serve as a time-efficient and reliable diagnostic strategy.

背景:局麻药(LA)被广泛用于小手术的镇痛。尽管在临床实践中经常有患者因怀疑对 LA 过敏而被转诊,但确诊的即刻型过敏病例仍然很少见。本研究旨在制定儿童即刻型 LA 过敏的最佳诊断方案,并评估酰胺类局麻药过敏试验的替代诊断方法的实用性和可靠性:回顾性审查了2019年1月至2024年8月期间儿科牙医对LA用药后诊断为疑似即刻型反应的患者的病历。所有儿童均接受了皮肤点刺试验(SPT),如果阴性,则进行1:10稀释的皮内试验(IDT)。如果皮内试验也呈阴性,则随后进行皮下激发试验:共纳入 88 名患者(47 名男孩,41 名女孩),平均年龄为 8.5 ± 3.5 岁。在大多数病例中(59 例,占 67%),可疑的 LA 尚未确定。在已知的药剂中,报告最多的是阿替卡因(18 例,20.5%)和利多卡因(11 例,12.5%)。11 例患者(12.5%)的 IDT 结果呈阳性,其中 8 例为阿替卡因(61.5%),3 例为普鲁卡因(23%),2 例为利多卡因(15.5%)。以 1:10 稀释度进行的皮内测试显示,即刻型反应的阴性预测值很高(99%):结论:对于即时型 LA 过敏(包括有过敏性休克病史的病例)的诊断,在 SPT 阴性后进行 1:10 稀释度的皮内试验,然后再进行皮下激发,可作为一种省时、可靠的诊断策略。
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引用次数: 0
Allergic rhinitis: Incidence and remission from childhood to young adulthood-A prospective study.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70078
Styliana Vasileiadou, Emma Goksör, Göran Wennergren, Eva Rönmark, Linnea Hedman

Background: Longitudinal studies on allergic rhinitis (AR) incidence and remission from childhood to adulthood are limited. This study aimed to estimate AR incidence and remission from age 8 to 19 years and to identify related risk factors.

Methods: In 2006, all children in grades 1 and 2 (median age 8 years) in three municipalities in Northern Sweden were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. The children in two of the municipalities underwent a skin prick test (SPT) for airborne allergens. The protocol was repeated at age 19 years. In total, 2250 participants (91% participation rate) completed the questionnaire, and 1338 underwent SPTs at 8 and 19 years of age.

Results: From age 8 to 19 years, the cumulative incidence of AR was 33.6%, significantly higher among girls than boys (37.4% vs. 29.8%, p < .001). Factors that independently increased the risk of developing AR were sensitisation by age 8 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.68-5.23), sensitisation between 8 and 19 years (aOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.82-3.63), and female sex (aOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.30-2.26). The remission rate was 40.0%, with boys experiencing significantly higher remission than girls (45.4% vs. 32.2%, p = .015). The probability of remission was decreased by sensitisation before (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.13-0.53) and after age 8 years (aOR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05-0.77).

Conclusion: This study found a high incidence of AR between age 8 and 19 years, especially among girls, while boys had a higher remission rate. Sensitisation increased the risk of developing AR and decreased the remission rate.

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引用次数: 0
Managing egg allergy: A systematic review of traditional allergen avoidance methods and emerging graded exposure strategies.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70075
Aoife Gallagher, Pamen Delgado Mainar, Caoimhe Cronin, Cristina Muñoz, Jesús Rodrigues Calleja, Conor Loughnane, Juan Trujillo

Egg allergy represents a significant and growing health concern, particularly among young children. Consequently, there has been a surge in the development of management strategies to address this issue. While oral immunotherapy presents a promising novel approach, its resource-intensive nature renders it impractical in many countries. This review aims to contrast the traditional method of strict avoidance with emerging, cost-effective alternatives for managing egg allergy at home, such as the gradual introduction via a ladder approach. Studies were identified through the search of medical databases and gray literature, with a focus on studies spanning from 2003 to 2023. Studies were independently screened and appraised by two independent reviewers. One hundred and thirty-four articles were identified. After removing duplicates and screening, 49 underwent full-text review, resulting in 28 included articles. These encompassed various study designs and originated from multiple countries, primarily the USA, Australia and Canada. The interventions mainly focused on managing IgE-mediated egg allergy through graded exposure to denatured/baked egg (n = 20), with an additional six studies exploring allergen avoidance and two studies investigating both management methods. A key observation from this review is the shift in management strategies towards incorporating methods such as graded exposure to denatured/baked egg alongside traditional allergen avoidance methods. Allergen avoidance remains the cornerstone of egg allergy management. However, there is a need for complementary approaches to optimise outcomes for individuals with egg allergy. Factors such as quality of life, including social inclusion and dietary diversity, as well as economic implications are crucial considerations.

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引用次数: 0
Pediatric perioperative hypersensitivity in Denmark: A 20 year retrospective analysis.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70079
Cecilie N Madsen, Birgitte Bech Melchiors, Holger Mosbech, Kirsten Skamstrup Hansen, Lene H Garvey

Background: Perioperative hypersensitivity (POH) is rare but potentially life-threatening, and data on POH in children are sparse. This single-center study aimed to describe clinical presentations and allergy investigations in children with suspected POH in Denmark, and to evaluate a risk stratification algorithm used for suspected POH (elevated tryptase, 2 or more organ systems involved and urticaria/angioedema).

Methods: Retrospective data from 70 children who had undergone allergy investigations at the specialized Danish Anaesthesia Allergy Centre were included. Children were divided into a test positive and test negative group based on results from allergy investigations, and the groups were compared. Sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative predictive values were calculated for the risk stratification algorithm for suspected POH and for different combinations of symptoms.

Results: 24% of the children tested positive. The most confirmed allergen was chlorhexidine (n = 3), followed by NMBAs (n = 2) and antibiotics (n = 2). Skin symptoms were most common (94%), and cardiovascular symptoms (CVS) appeared as the first symptom in 50% of the test positive children. CVS were more common in the test positive group. The risk stratification algorithm had a high sensitivity (88%) but a higher sensitivity (94%) was seen in the combination "elevated tryptase or CVS or urticaria/angioedema".

Conclusion: Several different allergens were confirmed in this study, including hidden allergens like chlorhexidine. This emphasizes the need to identify all potential allergens and the need for investigation at a specialized allergy center. More data are needed to make recommendations on the optimal risk stratification algorithm in children with suspected POH.

背景:围手术期过敏症(POH)非常罕见,但可能危及生命,有关儿童 POH 的数据非常稀少。这项单中心研究旨在描述丹麦疑似 POH 儿童的临床表现和过敏检查情况,并评估用于疑似 POH 的风险分层算法(胰蛋白酶升高、累及 2 个或 2 个以上器官系统和荨麻疹/水肿):方法:纳入在丹麦麻醉过敏专业中心接受过敏检查的 70 名儿童的回顾性数据。根据过敏检查结果,将儿童分为试验阳性组和试验阴性组,并对两组进行比较。针对疑似 POH 的风险分层算法和不同的症状组合计算了敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。最确诊的过敏原是洗必泰(3 例),其次是 NMBAs(2 例)和抗生素(2 例)。皮肤症状最常见(94%),心血管症状(CVS)是 50%检测呈阳性儿童的首发症状。心血管症状在检测呈阳性组中更为常见。风险分层算法的灵敏度很高(88%),但 "胰蛋白酶升高或 CVS 或荨麻疹/血管性水肿 "组合的灵敏度更高(94%):结论:本研究确认了几种不同的过敏原,包括洗必泰等隐性过敏原。这强调了识别所有潜在过敏原的必要性,以及在专业过敏中心进行调查的必要性。我们还需要更多的数据,才能就疑似 POH 儿童的最佳风险分层算法提出建议。
{"title":"Pediatric perioperative hypersensitivity in Denmark: A 20 year retrospective analysis.","authors":"Cecilie N Madsen, Birgitte Bech Melchiors, Holger Mosbech, Kirsten Skamstrup Hansen, Lene H Garvey","doi":"10.1111/pai.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pai.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perioperative hypersensitivity (POH) is rare but potentially life-threatening, and data on POH in children are sparse. This single-center study aimed to describe clinical presentations and allergy investigations in children with suspected POH in Denmark, and to evaluate a risk stratification algorithm used for suspected POH (elevated tryptase, 2 or more organ systems involved and urticaria/angioedema).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective data from 70 children who had undergone allergy investigations at the specialized Danish Anaesthesia Allergy Centre were included. Children were divided into a test positive and test negative group based on results from allergy investigations, and the groups were compared. Sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative predictive values were calculated for the risk stratification algorithm for suspected POH and for different combinations of symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>24% of the children tested positive. The most confirmed allergen was chlorhexidine (n = 3), followed by NMBAs (n = 2) and antibiotics (n = 2). Skin symptoms were most common (94%), and cardiovascular symptoms (CVS) appeared as the first symptom in 50% of the test positive children. CVS were more common in the test positive group. The risk stratification algorithm had a high sensitivity (88%) but a higher sensitivity (94%) was seen in the combination \"elevated tryptase or CVS or urticaria/angioedema\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several different allergens were confirmed in this study, including hidden allergens like chlorhexidine. This emphasizes the need to identify all potential allergens and the need for investigation at a specialized allergy center. More data are needed to make recommendations on the optimal risk stratification algorithm in children with suspected POH.</p>","PeriodicalId":19929,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Allergy and Immunology","volume":"36 4","pages":"e70079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Naples pediatric food allergy (NAPFA) score: A multivariable model for the prediction of food allergy in children.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70071
Laura Carucci, Lorenza Biancardi, Rita Nocerino, Letizia Ciliberti, Erika Caldaria, Giorgio Bedogni, Francesco Palmese, Francesco Calabrò, Roberto Berni Canani

Background: Food allergy (FA) is one of the most common chronic conditions in children. Diagnostic delays and errors in FA are relevant problems in clinical practice. Non-invasive and accessible tools for FA diagnosis are highly required. We aimed to develop an easy-to-use clinical score to facilitate the diagnostic approach for pediatric FA (i.e. the NAPFA score).

Methods: Subjects with suspected FA aged 0-14 years were prospectively evaluated at a tertiary center for pediatric allergy, gastroenterology, and nutrition. Upon completing the diagnostic workup, the subjects were diagnosed with FA based on the oral food challenge result, or with other conditions. Bootstrapped multivariable logistic regression was employed to construct two models that estimate the probability of having FA, one (M1) without the results of the allergy screening tests, while the other (M2) including them.

Results: Six hundred and twenty-seven pediatric subjects were included in the study. The median (interquartile interval) age at symptom onset was 8 (3;27) months. M1 employed the following predictors: sex, age at symptoms onset, cesarean delivery, occurrence of atopic dermatitis before FA onset, first degree family members with allergy, symptoms occurrence after ingestion of specific food, and skin, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and systemic symptoms. M2 replaced the occurrence of symptoms after ingestion of specific food with the results of allergy tests. The c-statistic was 0.915 (95% bootstrapped CI: 0.895-0.937) for M1 and 0.977 (95% CI: 0.969-0.992) for M2. Both models demonstrated good internal calibration and a favorable decision analysis curve.

Conclusion: The NAPFA score could be an easy-to-use tool holding the potential to streamline the FA diagnostic process in pediatric age, reducing unnecessary testing, and improving patient outcomes in a variety of healthcare settings. Its external validation will possibly enable a standardized approach for identifying children with FA.

{"title":"The Naples pediatric food allergy (NAPFA) score: A multivariable model for the prediction of food allergy in children.","authors":"Laura Carucci, Lorenza Biancardi, Rita Nocerino, Letizia Ciliberti, Erika Caldaria, Giorgio Bedogni, Francesco Palmese, Francesco Calabrò, Roberto Berni Canani","doi":"10.1111/pai.70071","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pai.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food allergy (FA) is one of the most common chronic conditions in children. Diagnostic delays and errors in FA are relevant problems in clinical practice. Non-invasive and accessible tools for FA diagnosis are highly required. We aimed to develop an easy-to-use clinical score to facilitate the diagnostic approach for pediatric FA (i.e. the NAPFA score).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects with suspected FA aged 0-14 years were prospectively evaluated at a tertiary center for pediatric allergy, gastroenterology, and nutrition. Upon completing the diagnostic workup, the subjects were diagnosed with FA based on the oral food challenge result, or with other conditions. Bootstrapped multivariable logistic regression was employed to construct two models that estimate the probability of having FA, one (M1) without the results of the allergy screening tests, while the other (M2) including them.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six hundred and twenty-seven pediatric subjects were included in the study. The median (interquartile interval) age at symptom onset was 8 (3;27) months. M1 employed the following predictors: sex, age at symptoms onset, cesarean delivery, occurrence of atopic dermatitis before FA onset, first degree family members with allergy, symptoms occurrence after ingestion of specific food, and skin, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and systemic symptoms. M2 replaced the occurrence of symptoms after ingestion of specific food with the results of allergy tests. The c-statistic was 0.915 (95% bootstrapped CI: 0.895-0.937) for M1 and 0.977 (95% CI: 0.969-0.992) for M2. Both models demonstrated good internal calibration and a favorable decision analysis curve.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NAPFA score could be an easy-to-use tool holding the potential to streamline the FA diagnostic process in pediatric age, reducing unnecessary testing, and improving patient outcomes in a variety of healthcare settings. Its external validation will possibly enable a standardized approach for identifying children with FA.</p>","PeriodicalId":19929,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Allergy and Immunology","volume":"36 4","pages":"e70071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Short-lived neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 in newborns of immunized mothers.
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70084
Marta Stracuzzi, Claudia Vanetti, Micaela Garziano, Maida Micheloni, Maria Luisa Murno, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Mario Clerici, Vania Giacomet, Daria Trabattoni

Background: Newborns under 6 months of age are at high risk of hospitalization for acute respiratory failure following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Herein, we analyzed neonatal protection against SARS-CoV-2 passively acquired after mother vaccination and/or infection (hybrid immunity).

Methods: We enrolled seventy-eight newborns of immunized mothers against SARS-CoV-2 before or during pregnancy, through vaccination and/or infection. Infants were stratified based on the anamnestic lack (SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated - SV)/presence (SARS-CoV-2 Infected and Vaccinated - SIV) of COVID-19 maternal infection. SARS-CoV-2-specific Neutralizing Activity (NA) in plasma was assessed by virus neutralization assay (vNTA) against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain at delivery (T0), 3 and 6 months after birth (T3 and T6). Cytokine and chemokine profiles in newborns were also analyzed.

Results: At birth, significantly lower NA was observed in infants of SV compared to that of SIV mothers; NA declined equally in both groups 3 months after delivery. The presence of at least 4 immunizing events in the mother significantly enhances the NA against SARS-CoV-2 in newborns, regardless of the type of immunization (vaccination or hybrid immunity) and of the timing of the last maternal immunization. Finally, cytokines and chemokines plasma levels were high at birth in all newborns, followed by a decline over the subsequent month.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, independently of a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination, it is reasonable to upgrade the recommendation of a booster dose during pregnancy to a "strongly recommended" status, with a view to conferring protection to newborns in the first months after delivery.

{"title":"Short-lived neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 in newborns of immunized mothers.","authors":"Marta Stracuzzi, Claudia Vanetti, Micaela Garziano, Maida Micheloni, Maria Luisa Murno, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Mario Clerici, Vania Giacomet, Daria Trabattoni","doi":"10.1111/pai.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Newborns under 6 months of age are at high risk of hospitalization for acute respiratory failure following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Herein, we analyzed neonatal protection against SARS-CoV-2 passively acquired after mother vaccination and/or infection (hybrid immunity).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled seventy-eight newborns of immunized mothers against SARS-CoV-2 before or during pregnancy, through vaccination and/or infection. Infants were stratified based on the anamnestic lack (SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated - SV)/presence (SARS-CoV-2 Infected and Vaccinated - SIV) of COVID-19 maternal infection. SARS-CoV-2-specific Neutralizing Activity (NA) in plasma was assessed by virus neutralization assay (vNTA) against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain at delivery (T0), 3 and 6 months after birth (T3 and T6). Cytokine and chemokine profiles in newborns were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At birth, significantly lower NA was observed in infants of SV compared to that of SIV mothers; NA declined equally in both groups 3 months after delivery. The presence of at least 4 immunizing events in the mother significantly enhances the NA against SARS-CoV-2 in newborns, regardless of the type of immunization (vaccination or hybrid immunity) and of the timing of the last maternal immunization. Finally, cytokines and chemokines plasma levels were high at birth in all newborns, followed by a decline over the subsequent month.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that, independently of a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination, it is reasonable to upgrade the recommendation of a booster dose during pregnancy to a \"strongly recommended\" status, with a view to conferring protection to newborns in the first months after delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":19929,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Allergy and Immunology","volume":"36 4","pages":"e70084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reply to Shaharyar et al. 对 Shaharyar 等人的答复
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q2 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/pai.70083
Meg O Sullivan, Margaret Curtin, Rachel Flynn, Juan Trujillo, James O Mahony
{"title":"Reply to Shaharyar et al.","authors":"Meg O Sullivan, Margaret Curtin, Rachel Flynn, Juan Trujillo, James O Mahony","doi":"10.1111/pai.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.70083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19929,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Allergy and Immunology","volume":"36 4","pages":"e70083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
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